CN114320368A - Circular arc steel mould trolley and tunnel construction method adopting same - Google Patents
Circular arc steel mould trolley and tunnel construction method adopting same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320368A CN114320368A CN202111679316.4A CN202111679316A CN114320368A CN 114320368 A CN114320368 A CN 114320368A CN 202111679316 A CN202111679316 A CN 202111679316A CN 114320368 A CN114320368 A CN 114320368A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 102
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/102—Removable shuttering; Bearing or supporting devices therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an arc steel mould trolley and a tunnel construction method using the same, and relates to the technical field of buildings. Wherein, circular arc steel mould platform truck includes: the front end and the rear end of the second portal are provided with lifting devices; the second portal frame can move relative to the first portal frame; the formwork supporting mechanism comprises a formwork component, a first driving oil cylinder, a second driving oil cylinder, a third driving oil cylinder and a fourth driving oil cylinder, wherein the formwork component comprises an upper formwork, a first lower formwork, a second lower formwork and a second upper formwork which are sequentially connected and arranged around a first portal. Wherein, the lower bolster can be dismantled and connect in adjacent other template components, can make other templates more be close to first portal in drawing of patterns in-process, and the structure is compacter, can reduce the condition of colliding with, improves drawing of patterns efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to an arc steel mould trolley and a tunnel construction method using the same.
Background
For the tunnel with higher sealing requirement, secondary lining is needed after shield construction, so as to meet the requirements of reinforcement and support, sealing and water proofing. In the related technology, the secondary lining construction of the tunnel generally needs to be carried out by using a trolley for pouring in a matching way, and a formwork of the trolley is supported or demolded under the driving of an oil cylinder. But traditional platform truck is from top to bottom drawing of patterns in proper order at drawing of patterns in-process, leads to drawing of patterns efficiency lower, and the template is nearer with the inner wall distance in tunnel after drawing of patterns moreover, collides with the inner wall in tunnel at the in-process of mobile station truck easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the arc steel mould trolley which can improve the demoulding efficiency, increase the distance from the mould plate assembly to the inner wall surface of the tunnel after demoulding and reduce collision.
The invention further provides a construction method based on the arc steel mould trolley.
According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the circular arc steel mould trolley comprises:
a first portal;
the front end and the rear end of the second portal are provided with lifting devices, the second portal penetrates through the first portal, and the second portal and the first portal can move relatively;
the formwork supporting mechanism comprises a formwork assembly, a first driving oil cylinder, a second driving oil cylinder, a third driving oil cylinder and a fourth driving oil cylinder, wherein the formwork assembly comprises an upper formwork, a first upper formwork, a second upper formwork, a first lower formwork, a second lower formwork and a lower formwork;
the upper template is positioned above the first portal, the lower template is positioned below the first portal, the upper template, the first upper side template, the first lower side template, the lower template, the second lower side template and the second upper side template are sequentially connected and arranged around the first portal, and the lower template is detachably connected with the first lower side template and the second lower side template;
the two ends of the first driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the first upper side template and the first door frame, the two ends of the second driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the second upper side template and the first door frame, the two ends of the third driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the first upper side template close to the first lower side template and one end of the first lower side template close to the first upper side template, and the two ends of the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the second upper side template close to the second lower side template and one end of the second lower side template close to the second upper side template;
the length of the second door frame along the front-back direction is L1, the length of the template assembly along the front-back direction is L2, and L1 and L2 meet the condition that L1/L2 is more than or equal to 2.
The arc steel mould trolley provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
demoulding is carried out below the arc steel mould trolley, the lower template needs to be dismantled before demoulding, so that the first lower template and the second lower template can be demoulded under the driving of the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder, the upper template can descend through the lifting device to realize gravity demoulding, the demoulding difficulty is reduced, the demoulding efficiency is improved, and the secondary lining construction efficiency of the tunnel is further improved; and the template component can be more drawn in first portal under the drawing of patterns state, has effectively avoided first portal to bump with the inner wall in tunnel at the removal in-process, has improved the security of construction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the upper template comprises a first reinforcing rib plate and a first ear plate device, the first reinforcing rib plate is provided with a plurality of pieces and is arranged on the inner surface of the upper template at intervals, the first ear plate device is provided with a plurality of pieces and is arranged at intervals along the edge of the upper template close to the second upper template, the first ear plate device is provided with a first connecting hole, and the first connecting hole protrudes out of the first reinforcing rib plate;
the second upper side template comprises a plurality of second reinforcing rib plates and a plurality of second lug plate devices, the second reinforcing rib plates are arranged on the inner surface of the second upper side template at intervals, the second lug plate devices are arranged at intervals along the edge, close to the second upper side template, of the second upper side template, the second lug plate devices are provided with second connecting holes, and the second connecting holes protrude out of the second reinforcing rib plates;
the formwork supporting mechanism further comprises a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft penetrates through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole so that the upper formwork is hinged to the second upper side formwork, and the rotating centers of the upper formwork and the second upper side formwork protrude out of the first reinforcing rib plate and the second reinforcing rib plate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the circular arc steel form trolley further comprises a hydraulic pump, a reversing valve and a synchronous valve, and the hydraulic pump, the reversing valve, the synchronous valve and the plurality of first driving cylinders are connected to form a synchronous loop.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the second mast comprises a guide rail extending in a fore-and-aft direction, the first mast comprising a guide wheel, the guide wheel rolling in cooperation with the guide rail.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the upper end and the lower end of the second portal are provided with at least two guide rails at intervals, the upper end and the lower end of the first portal are provided with at least two rows of guide wheel sets corresponding to the guide rails, each row of guide wheel sets comprises a plurality of guide wheels, and the plurality of guide wheels are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the guide rails.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the formwork supporting mechanism further includes a plurality of end formwork units, the end formwork units are disposed at an end of the advancing direction of the formwork assembly and are disposed around the formwork assembly, the end formwork unit includes a first baffle plate, a second baffle plate, a limiting member, a rotating member, a support rod and a limiting screw rod, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are disposed at intervals along a radial direction of the formwork assembly, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are connected by the limiting member, one end of the rotating member is fixedly connected to the first baffle plate and/or the second baffle plate, the other end of the rotating member is hinged to the formwork assembly, so that the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate can be rotatably connected to the formwork assembly, one end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the formwork assembly, and the other end of the support rod is hinged to one end of the limiting screw rod, the other end of the limiting screw rod is hinged to the first baffle or the second baffle, and the limiting screw rod is used for adjusting the position of the end die unit or fixing the position of the end die unit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the front end and the rear end of the first portal frame are provided with first supporting devices, each first supporting device comprises a limiting oil cylinder and a first supporting beam, the limiting oil cylinder is connected with the first portal frame, and the first supporting beam is connected with the output end of the limiting oil cylinder, so that the first supporting beam is abutted against the wall surface of the tunnel or a steel bar fixed on the wall surface of the tunnel.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the front end and the rear end of the second portal frame are provided with second supporting devices, each of the second supporting devices includes a connecting member, a second supporting beam, and an adjusting cylinder, the connecting member is connected to the lifting device, the lower end of the lifting device is provided with two moving members, the two moving members are spaced apart from each other along the front-rear direction of the lifting device, the second supporting beam extends along the left-right direction and is slidably connected to the moving members, one end of the adjusting cylinder is connected to the connecting member, and the other end of the adjusting cylinder is connected to the second supporting beam to drive the second supporting beam and the second portal frame to move relatively.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the formwork supporting mechanism further includes an adjusting screw rod, the formwork assembly is hinged to the first gantry through the adjusting screw rod, the adjusting screw rod includes a first screw rod, a second screw rod, an adjusting sleeve, a first nut and a second nut, the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively screwed to two ends of the adjusting sleeve, the first nut is screwed to the first screw rod to limit relative rotation of the first screw rod and the adjusting sleeve, the second nut is screwed to the second screw rod to limit relative rotation of the second screw rod and the adjusting sleeve, and the adjusting screw rod is used for adjusting or fixing a position of the formwork assembly.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the second supporting device further comprises a partition plate, the partition plate is arranged between the second supporting beam and the lifting device and is fixedly connected with the second supporting beam, and the partition plate is used for reducing the contact area of the second supporting beam and the lifting device.
The tunnel construction method comprises the steps that according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, any one of the arc steel mould trolleys in the first aspect is included, and the second portal comprises a first station and a second station along the length direction;
the tunnel construction method comprises the following steps:
the first gantry moves from the first station to the second station;
the lifting device lifts the second portal frame to a first target position;
the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to enable the first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork to move to pouring positions;
installing the lower template between the first lower template and the second lower template;
pouring concrete between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel;
the lifting device retracts and disengages from the supporting surface of the tunnel;
the second portal moves along the extending direction of the tunnel so as to enable the first portal to be switched from the second station to the first station;
the lifting device extends out and is supported on the supporting surface;
disassembling the lower template;
the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to reset and demould the first upper side template, the second upper side template, the first lower side template and the second lower side template;
and the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to a second target position so as to demould the upper template.
The tunnel construction method provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
the lower template is required to be removed before demolding, so that the first lower template and the second lower template can be demolded under the driving of the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder, the upper template can descend through the lifting device to realize gravity demolding, the demolding difficulty is reduced, the demolding efficiency is improved, and the secondary lining construction efficiency of the tunnel is further improved; and the template component can be more drawn in first portal under the drawing of patterns state, has effectively avoided first portal to bump with the inner wall in tunnel at the removal in-process, has improved the security of construction.
According to the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel mould trolley, the arc steel mould trolley comprises a first portal, a second portal and a mould supporting mechanism, wherein two ends of the second portal in the front-back direction are respectively provided with a lifting device, the second portal is provided with a first station and a second station in the front-back direction, and the first portal is movably sleeved on the second portal and can move between the first station and the second station; the formwork supporting mechanism comprises a formwork assembly, a first driving oil cylinder, a second driving oil cylinder, a third driving oil cylinder and a fourth driving oil cylinder, wherein the formwork assembly comprises a first upper formwork, a second upper formwork, a first lower formwork, a second lower formwork and a lower formwork; the upper template is positioned above the first portal frame and positioned on the first portal frameBelow, the upper template, the first lower template, the second lower template and the second upper template are sequentially connected and arranged around the first portal, and the lower template is detachably connected to the first lower template and the second lower template; the two ends of the first driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the first upper side template and the first door frame, the two ends of the second driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the second upper side template and the first door frame, the two ends of the third driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the first upper side template close to the first lower side template and one end of the first lower side template close to the first upper side template, and the two ends of the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the second upper side template close to the second lower side template and one end of the second lower side template close to the second upper side template; the length of the second portal frame is L in the front-back direction1The length of the template component is L2And satisfies the following conditions: l is1/L2≥2；
The construction method comprises the following steps:
erecting a first steel bar net rack on the inner wall of the tunnel;
the first gantry moves from the first station to the second station;
the lifting device drives the second door frame to ascend to a first target position so that the upper template is matched with a part of the structure corresponding to the first steel bar net rack;
the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to enable the first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork to respectively move to positions matched with the first steel bar net rack;
installing the lower template between the first lower template and the second lower template;
pouring concrete between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel;
the lifting device retracts and disengages from the supporting surface of the tunnel;
the second portal moves along the extending direction of the tunnel so as to enable the first portal to be switched from the second station to the first station;
the lifting device extends out and is supported on the supporting surface;
disassembling the lower template;
the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to reset and demould the first upper side template, the second upper side template, the first lower side template and the second lower side template;
and the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to a second target position so as to demould the upper template.
The tunnel construction method based on the arc steel mould trolley provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
in the construction of the secondary lining of the tunnel, the embodiment of the invention adopts the circular arc steel mould trolley to realize the integral casting of the secondary lining of the cylindrical tunnel subsection, and the circular arc steel mould trolley moves along the extension direction of the tunnel and continuously casts the remaining secondary lining of the tunnel subsection; the circular arc steel mould trolley comprises a first portal, a second portal and a mould supporting mechanism, the second portal is provided with a first station and a second station, the first portal is fixedly connected with the mould supporting mechanism and movably sleeved on the second portal, so that the position can be switched between the first station and the second station, the second portal frame is supported on the supporting surface of the tunnel, the formwork supporting mechanism can complete the procedures of formwork supporting, pouring, forming and the like on the second station under the driving of the first portal frame, and simultaneously the second portal frame is separated from the supporting surface and moves along the extending direction of the tunnel before demoulding, thereby the mold supporting mechanism is switched to the first station, the second portal frame is supported on the supporting surface of the tunnel again, at the moment, the mold supporting mechanism finishes demolding on the first station, and moving to a second station again to realize the working procedures of formwork supporting, pouring, forming and the like of the second lining of the next section of tunnel subsection, and realizing the cycle of integral pouring of the second lining of the tunnel subsection. According to the embodiment of the invention, the integral pouring of the secondary linings of the multiple tunnel sections is realized through the step-changing operation of the second portal and the formwork supporting mechanism, so that the construction efficiency of the secondary lining is improved. The formwork supporting mechanism comprises a formwork assembly, a first driving oil cylinder, a second driving oil cylinder, a third driving oil cylinder and a fourth driving oil cylinder, wherein the formwork assembly comprises a first upper side formwork, a second upper side formwork, a first lower side formwork, a second lower side formwork and a lower formwork; the upper template is positioned above the first portal, the lower template is positioned below the first portal and is detachably connected with the first lower template and the second lower template, two ends of the first driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the first upper template and the first portal, two ends of the second driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the second upper template and the first portal, two ends of the third driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the first upper template close to the first lower template and one end of the first lower template close to the first upper template, and two ends of the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the second upper template close to the second lower template and one end of the second lower template close to the second upper template; through the connection mode, the first upper side template and the first lower side template can realize synchronous demoulding through the first driving oil cylinder and the third driving oil cylinder respectively, the second upper side template and the second lower side template can realize synchronous demoulding through the second driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder respectively, and the upper template can descend through the lifting device to realize gravity demoulding, so that the demoulding difficulty is reduced, the demoulding efficiency is improved, and the efficiency of tunnel secondary lining construction is further improved; and the template component can be more drawn in first portal under the drawing of patterns state, has effectively avoided first portal to bump with the inner wall in tunnel at the removal in-process, has improved the security of construction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, before the second mast is moved in the extending direction of the tunnel, comprises: and erecting a second steel bar net rack on the inner wall of the tunnel in the extending direction.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, two ends of the first gantry along the front-back direction are respectively provided with a first supporting device, the first supporting device comprises a limiting cylinder and a first supporting beam, and two ends of the limiting cylinder are respectively connected to the first gantry and the first supporting beam; before the concrete is poured between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel, the method further comprises the following steps: the limiting oil cylinder drives the first supporting beam to be supported on the supporting surface of the tunnel; before the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to the second target position, the lifting device further comprises: and the limiting oil cylinder retracts and is separated from the supporting surface.
According to some embodiments of the invention, after the first portal is moved from the first station to the second station, further comprising: cleaning an outer surface of the stencil assembly.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cleaning the exterior surface of the stencil assembly comprises: cleaning concrete and curing agents on the outer surfaces of the first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork; and coating a release agent on the outer surfaces of the first upper side template, the second upper side template, the first lower side template and the second lower side template.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the formwork mechanism further comprises a plurality of end formwork units, the end formwork units are arranged around the front end part of the formwork assembly along the moving direction of the formwork mechanism, the end die unit comprises a first baffle, a second baffle, a limiting piece, a rotating piece, a supporting rod and a limiting lead screw, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the template component and form communicating ports, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are connected through the limiting piece, one end of the rotating piece is fixedly connected with the first baffle plate and/or the second baffle plate, the other end of the rotating piece is hinged with the template assembly, one end of the limiting screw rod is fixedly connected with the template assembly through the supporting rod, and the other end of the limiting screw rod is hinged with the first baffle or the second baffle; before the concrete is poured between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel, the method further comprises the following steps: installing a plurality of limiting screw rods, and supporting a plurality of end die units between the template assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel through the limiting screw rods; before the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to the second target position, the lifting device further comprises: and removing the plurality of limiting screw rods and resetting the plurality of end die assemblies.
According to some embodiments of the invention, after installing the plurality of limiting screws and supporting the plurality of end die units between the die plate assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel through the plurality of limiting screws, the method further comprises: installing an embedded part between the template assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel through the communication port; and sealing the communicating port by using a sealing strip.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a circular arc steel form trolley according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of formwork construction of a circular arc steel form trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the demolding construction of the circular arc steel mold trolley according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the retraction of the lift device of the circular arc steel form carriage of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the template assembly mating of the circular arc steel form trolley of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the template assembly mating of the circular arc steel form trolley of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the template assembly mating of the circular arc steel form trolley of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a lifting device for a circular arc steel form trolley according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an exploded view of a second support device of the circular arc steel form trolley of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a synchronization loop for a circular arc steel form trolley according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an adjusting screw of the circular arc steel form trolley according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the adjustment screw of the circular arc steel form trolley of one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an end mold unit of the circular arc steel mold trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, an overall structural schematic diagram of an arc steel form trolley 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be used for lining a tunnel, especially for secondary lining after preliminary bracing of the tunnel. The circular arc steel form trolley 1000 includes a second gantry 100, a first gantry 200, and a formwork support mechanism 300. The front end and the rear end of the second door frame 100 are respectively provided with a lifting device 110 for driving the second door frame 100 to ascend or descend so as to drive the first door frame 200 and the formwork supporting mechanism 300 to ascend or descend; the second gantry 100 is partially penetrated through the first gantry 200, and the second gantry 100 and the first gantry 200 can move relatively. When the second gantry 100 supports the first gantry 200, the first gantry 200 can move in the front-rear direction of the second gantry 100; when the first gantry 200 supports the second gantry 100, as shown in fig. 4, the lifting device 110 is retracted, and the second gantry 100 can move in the front and rear directions of the first gantry 200, thereby realizing the movement of the circular arc steel mold trolley 1000 by means of mutual support.
It should be noted that, the relative movement of the second portal 100 and the first portal 200 may be realized by driving a gear by a motor, and the gear may move in a manner of matching with a rack, or may move in a manner of driving a steel wire by a winch, and the present invention is not limited specifically. The engagement between the second door frame 100 and the first door frame 200 may be in the form of a ball and a sliding groove, or in the form of a guide wheel 220 and a guide rail 130, and the present invention will be described in detail below in the form of the guide wheel 220 engaging the guide rail 130.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a formwork of the circular arc steel form trolley 1000, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a demoulding of the circular arc steel form trolley 1000, a section line portion in fig. 2 and 3 is concrete, a duct piece is arranged outside the concrete, and a structure of the lifting device 110 and the second supporting device 120 is hidden in fig. 3 for convenience of observation. The formwork supporting mechanism 300 comprises a formwork assembly 310, a first driving cylinder 320, a second driving cylinder 330, a third driving cylinder 340 and a fourth driving cylinder 350, wherein the formwork assembly 310 comprises an upper formwork 311, a first upper formwork 312, a first lower formwork 313, a lower formwork 314, a second lower formwork 315 and a second upper formwork 316, the upper formwork 311 is located above the first gantry 200, the first upper formwork 312 and the second upper formwork 316 are respectively located at the upper sides of the first gantry 200 in the left-right direction, the first lower formwork 313 and the second lower formwork 315 are respectively located at the lower sides of the first gantry 200 in the left-right direction, the lower formwork 314 needs to be shown in fig. 4, and the lower formwork 314 is located below the first gantry 200. The upper template 311, the first upper template 312, the first lower template 313, the lower template 314, the second lower template 315 and the second upper template 316 are sequentially connected and arranged around the first door frame 200. Wherein, the lower template 314 is detachably connected to the first lower template 313 and the second lower template 315. The lower template 314 is detachably connected to facilitate demolding, and the lower template 314 is detached before demolding, so that other templates can be closer to the first door frame 200 during demolding.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 3, one end of the first driving cylinder 320 is hinged to the first upper template 312, and the other end of the first driving cylinder 320 is hinged to the first gantry 200; one end of the second driving cylinder 330 is hinged to the second upper side mold 316, and the other end is hinged to the first door frame 200. The first driving cylinder 320 and the second driving cylinder 330 can respectively drive the first upper molding plate 312 or the second upper molding plate 316 to be close to the first gantry 200 for demolding or far away from the first gantry 200 for formwork support. One end of the third driving oil cylinder 340 is hinged with one end of the first upper side template 312 close to the first lower side template 313, and the other end of the third driving oil cylinder 340 is hinged with one end of the first lower side template 313 close to the first upper side template 312; one end of the fourth driving cylinder 350 is hinged to one end of the second upper template 316 close to the second lower template 315, and the other end of the third driving cylinder 340 is hinged to one end of the second lower template 315 close to the second upper template 316. The third and fourth driving cylinders 340 and 350 may respectively drive the first and second lower formworks 313 and 315 to be close to the first gantry 200 to perform demolding, or to be far from the first gantry 200 to perform formwork support.
It can be understood that the third driving cylinder 340 is disposed on the first upper die plate 312 and the first lower die plate 313, and the driving influence of the first driving cylinder 320 on the third driving cylinder 340 during the driving process is small, so that the first driving cylinder 320 and the third driving cylinder 340 can work together, and the working efficiency can be improved. The third driving oil cylinder 340 is not connected with the first door frame 200, so that the first lower side template 313 and the first upper side template 312 can be closer to the first door frame 200 in the demolding process, and the condition that the template assembly 310 collides with the wall surface of the tunnel is reduced. It should be noted that the functions of the second driving cylinder 330 and the fourth driving cylinder 350 are substantially the same as the functions of the first driving cylinder 320 and the third driving cylinder 340, and are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the formwork supporting mechanism 300 further includes a first adjusting screw 360, a second adjusting screw 370, a third adjusting screw 380 and a fourth adjusting screw 390, and the first upper side formwork 312 is hinged to the first gantry 200 through the first adjusting screw 360; the first lower template 313 is hinged with the first portal 200 through a second adjusting screw 370; the second lower template 315 is hinged with the first portal 200 through a third adjusting screw 380; the second upper template 316 is hinged to the first gantry 200 by a fourth adjusting screw 390.
It can be understood that, since the first driving cylinder 320 may cause deviation of the position of the first upper formwork 312 when driving the formwork support of the first upper formwork 312, and thus the casting cannot be completed well, the first adjusting screw 360 is used to adjust the position of the first upper formwork 312, and the position of the first upper formwork 312 is adjusted by changing the overall length of the first adjusting screw 360, so that the first upper formwork 312 is located at a proper casting position. After the position of the first upper die plate 312 is determined, the first adjusting screw 360 plays a role in fixing the position of the first upper die plate 312, so that the phenomenon that the position of the first upper die plate 312 is changed due to the pressure loss of the first driving cylinder 320 can be reduced. It should be noted that the functions of the second adjusting screw 370, the third adjusting screw 380 and the fourth adjusting screw 390 are substantially similar to the functions of the first adjusting screw 360, and are not described herein again. It should be further noted that the first adjusting screw 360, the second adjusting screw 370, the third adjusting screw 380 and the fourth adjusting screw 390 are detachably connected, the first adjusting screw 360, the second adjusting screw 370, the third adjusting screw 380 and the fourth adjusting screw 390 are installed during formwork erection, and the first adjusting screw 360, the second adjusting screw 370, the third adjusting screw 380 and the fourth adjusting screw 390 are detached before demolding, so as to avoid affecting demolding of the formwork assembly 310.
Specifically, referring to fig. 13 and 14, in some embodiments, the fourth adjustment screw 390 includes a first screw 391, a first nut 392, a second nut 393, a second screw 394, and an adjustment sleeve 395, the first screw 391 and the second screw 394 are respectively threaded at two ends of the adjustment sleeve 395, the first nut 392 is threaded with the first screw 391 to limit the relative rotation of the first screw 391 and the adjustment sleeve 395, and the second nut 393 is threaded with the second screw 394 to limit the relative rotation of the second screw 394 and the adjustment sleeve 395. The position of the second upper die plate 316 is adjusted by rotating the adjustment sleeve 395 to change the overall length of the fourth adjustment screw 390, and after the position of the second upper die plate 316 is determined, the length of the fourth adjustment screw 390 is fixed by the first nut 392 and the second nut 393, thereby fixing the position of the second upper die plate 316. It should be noted that, the structures and functions of the first adjusting lead screw 360, the second adjusting lead screw 370, and the third adjusting lead screw 380 may refer to the fourth adjusting lead screw 390, which is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the second door frame 100 has a length L1 in the front-rear direction, and the template assembly 310 has a length L2 in the front-rear direction. In some embodiments, the length of L1 is equal to or greater than twice L2. It is understood that the formwork assembly 310 needs to be moved in the front-rear direction of the second gate frame 100 to realize different positions of the cast tunnel, and thus the length of the second gate frame 100 needs to be greater than or equal to twice the length of the formwork assembly 310 so that the formwork assembly 310 can be smoothly moved to realize the mold release.
Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, the upper plate 311 includes a plurality of first reinforcing rib plates and a first ear plate device 3111, the first reinforcing rib plates are disposed on an inner surface of the upper plate 311 at intervals, and the first reinforcing rib plates are used to improve the overall strength of the upper plate 311, reduce deformation of the upper plate 311, and improve stability thereof. First otic placode device 3111 has a plurality ofly and is close to the marginal interval setting of second upside template 316 along cope match-plate pattern 311, and first otic placode device 3111 is provided with the first deep floor plate 3113 of first connecting hole 3112, and the first deep floor plate 3113 protrusion in first deep floor plate of first connecting hole 3112. The second upper side formwork 316 comprises a plurality of second rib plates 3163 and a second ear plate device 3161, the second rib plates 3163 are arranged on the inner surface of the second upper side formwork 316 at intervals, and the second rib plates 3163 are used for improving the overall strength of the second upper side formwork 316, reducing the deformation of the second upper side formwork 316 and improving the stability of the second upper side formwork 316. The second ear plate 3161 has a plurality of second ear plate units 3161, and the second ear plate units 3161 are spaced apart from each other along the edge of the second upper mold 316 near the second upper mold 316, and the second ear plate units 3161 have second connecting holes 3162, and the second connecting holes 3162 protrude from the second reinforcing rib plate 3163.
The formwork supporting mechanism 300 further includes a connecting shaft (not shown in the drawings), and the connecting shaft is inserted into the first connecting hole 3112, the first reinforcing rib plate 3113 and the second connecting hole 3162, so that the upper formwork 311 is hinged to the second upper formwork 316. The connecting shaft may be a pin, a dowel, or the like. It can be understood that since the first coupling holes 3112 and the second coupling holes 3162 protrude from the first reinforcing rib plate and the second coupling holes 3162 protrude from the second reinforcing rib plate 3163, the centers of rotation of the upper mold plate 311 and the second upper mold plate 316 protrude from the first reinforcing rib plate and the second reinforcing rib plate 3163. The upper formwork 311 and the second upper formwork 316 can be connected and attached more closely, and the phenomenon that concrete leaks from the connection part of the upper formwork 311 and the second upper formwork 316 can be reduced.
In some embodiments, the form assemblies 310 are made of manganese steel, which is a high-strength steel material that is mainly used for severe conditions such as impact, extrusion, material abrasion, and the like, and has excellent alkali resistance and corrosion resistance. It is understood that concrete is generally alkaline and easily corrodes the form assembly 310, and the manganese steel used to form the form assembly 310 can reduce the corrosion of the form assembly 310, increase the strength of the form assembly 310, and increase the lifespan.
Referring to fig. 12, in some embodiments, in order to improve the synchronization of the driving of the plurality of first driving cylinders 320 and reduce the deformation of the stencil assembly 310, the plurality of first driving cylinders 320 are connected by a synchronization valve (the second driving cylinder 330, the third driving cylinder 340 and the fourth driving cylinder 350 are also connected by the synchronization valve to ensure the synchronization of the driving, and the structure and the function are basically similar to the first driving cylinder 320, and the first driving cylinder 320 is taken as an example for illustration). Common to the synchronized valves are a splitter valve and a combining and dividing valve 420. Taking the flow dividing and combining valve 420 as an example, the flow dividing and combining valve 420 can enable the first driving oil cylinder 320 to be synchronous in two directions, and the flow dividing and combining valve 420 can also be used for a synchronous circuit 400 with larger load difference, so that speed synchronization can be still ensured when the load is completely deviated, and the synchronization precision is higher. The synchronous circuit 400 refers to a hydraulic system in which two or more hydraulic actuators are operated synchronously at the same displacement or the same speed (or fixed speed ratio).
Referring to fig. 12, for example, when the reversing valve 440 is connected to the left loop, hydraulic oil of the hydraulic pump 460 is divided into two equal hydraulic oil flows by the flow dividing and collecting valve 420 and enters the first driving cylinder 320, so that the first driving rods of the two cylinders rise synchronously; when the reversing valve 440 is connected to the circuit at the right position, the flow distributing and collecting valve 420 plays a flow collecting role and controls the synchronous descending of the two cylinder pistons. The pilot operated check valve 410 in the circuit is to prevent the first drive cylinder 320 from shifting due to different loads when stopping halfway through the stroke. If one of the first driving cylinders 320 reaches the stroke end first, oil is leaked through the throttle hole in the one-way throttle valve 430, so that all cylinders can reach the end, and accumulated errors are eliminated. The overflow valve 450 plays a role of safety protection, and is depressurized when the pressure exceeds a threshold value. The synchronous circuit 400 can keep the driving of the plurality of first driving cylinders 320 synchronous, reduce the deformation of the template and improve the construction quality.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the second frame 100 includes a guide rail 130, the guide rail 130 extends along a front-rear direction of the second frame 100, two guide rails 130 are spaced at an interval at both upper and lower ends of the second frame 100, the first frame 200 includes a group of guide wheels 220, two groups of guide wheels 220 corresponding to positions of the guide rails 130 are spaced at both upper and lower ends of the first frame 200, each group of guide wheels 220 includes a plurality of guide wheels 220, and the guide wheels 220 are spaced along an extending direction of the guide rails 130. The guide rail 130 is engaged with the guide roller 220 to roll, so that the second door frame 100 and the first door frame 200 can slide relatively.
It should be noted that the number of the guide rails 130 may be three, four, or other numbers, and is selected according to actual requirements; other numbers of guide wheels 220 are possible, and can be selected according to actual needs. In some embodiments, it is also possible that the guide rail 130 is provided on the first mast 200 and the guide pulley 220 is provided on the second mast 100.
Referring to fig. 4, the first gantry 200 further includes first supporting devices 210, two first supporting devices 210 are respectively disposed at front and rear ends of the first gantry 200, one first supporting device 210 is respectively disposed at left and right sides of the front end or the rear end, and the first supporting devices 210 can abut against a sidewall of the tunnel. It can be understood that the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 is supported in the tunnel by the gravity of the circular arc steel form trolley 1000, and the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 is easily jacked up by concrete in the pouring process, so that the position of the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 is changed, and the pouring effect is influenced. Accordingly, the first supporting device 210 serves to fix the position of the circular arc steel form carriage 1000. The first supporting device 210 comprises a first supporting beam 211 and two limiting oil cylinders 212, the two oil cylinders are arranged on the left side and the right side of the first portal 200 at intervals, the output ends of the two oil cylinders are fixedly connected with the first supporting beam 211, and the shape of the first supporting beam 211 is matched with the shape of the wall surface of the tunnel or the shape of the reinforcing steel bar net rack. The first support beam 211 is driven by the limit oil cylinder 212 to abut against the tunnel wall surface or the steel bars on the tunnel wall surface in the left-right direction, so that the position of the circular arc steel mould trolley 1000 is limited, the problem that the circular arc steel mould trolley 1000 is jacked up is solved, and the stability of the circular arc trolley can be improved.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the lifting device 110 includes two legs 111, and each leg 111 is provided with a lift cylinder 1112, a fixing member 1111, a guide member 1114, and a slider 1113. Fixing piece 1111 and guide 1114 fixed connection, the inside cavity that forms of guide 1114 is provided with slider 1113 in the cavity, and the one end and the fixing piece 1111 of lift cylinder 1112 are connected, and the other end and the slider 1113 of lift cylinder 1112 are connected to make slider 1113 can slide along the axis direction of guide 1114, and then drive second door frame 100 and remove along vertical direction.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the second door frame 100 further includes a second supporting device 120, the second supporting device 120 is disposed at both front and rear ends of the second door frame 100, and the second supporting device 120 is connected to the two legs 111 for driving the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 to shift to the left or right. The second supporting device 120 comprises a connecting piece 121, a second supporting beam 123 and an adjusting oil cylinder 122, the connecting piece 121 comprises a plurality of channel steel 1211 and a plurality of connecting rib plates 1212, the plurality of channel steel 1211 are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a cavity, and part of the channel steel 1211 is fixedly connected with the supporting leg 111 through the connecting rib plates 1212. The adjusting cylinder 122 is disposed in a cavity surrounded by the channel steel 1211, and one end of the adjusting cylinder 122 is connected to the channel steel 12111, and the other end is connected to the second support beam 123. The supporting legs 111 are provided with moving parts 112, and the cross section of the moving parts 112 is L-shaped. The number of the moving members 112 is four, one moving member 112 is disposed in the front-back direction of each leg 111 (the aforementioned "four, two" are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other numbers are also possible, for example, eight moving members 112 are provided, four are disposed on each leg 111, and the number is selected according to actual situations), and the second supporting beam 123 is slidably connected to the legs 111 through the moving members 112. It can be understood that, when the tunnel turns, the position of the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 needs to be adjusted, the second supporting beam 123 abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, and the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 can be wholly deviated under the driving of the adjusting cylinder 122, so that the transverse position of the circular arc steel form trolley 1000 is adjusted.
Referring to fig. 11, the second support beam 123 is provided with a partition plate 124, the partition plate 124 is disposed between the second support beam 123 and the support leg 111 and is fixedly connected to the second support beam 123, and the partition plate 124 is used for reducing the contact area between the second support beam 123 and the support leg 111, so as to reduce friction, improve the smoothness of sliding, and reduce the phenomenon of jamming. In some embodiments, the partition 124 has an elongated plate shape and is disposed along the extending direction of the second support beam 123. Two partition plates 124 are respectively disposed at two ends of the second support beam 123, so that the shaking of the second support beam 123 can be reduced. It should be noted that the partition 124 may have other shapes, such as a cylindrical shape, an oval shape, etc. The partitions 124 may also be other numbers, such as six, eight, etc.
Referring to fig. 4, the formwork supporting mechanism 300 further includes an end formwork unit 500, the end formwork unit 500 being disposed at an end of the moving direction of the formwork assembly 310, the end formwork unit 500 having a plurality of pieces and being disposed around the formwork assembly 310. The end mold unit 500 is used to form a closed space in cooperation with the mold plate assembly 310 and the tunnel wall to pour concrete. It can be understood that, in the first pouring process of the tunnel, the end form units 500 are disposed at the front and rear ends of the form assembly 310, so as to pour the first reinforced concrete structure, and after the pouring is completed, the first reinforced concrete structure can serve as the end form unit 500, so that the end form unit 500 does not need to be disposed at one end of the form assembly 310 close to the reinforced concrete structure, and only the end form unit 500, that is, one end of the form assembly 310 in the moving direction, needs to be disposed at one end of the form assembly 310 away from the reinforced concrete structure. The moving direction refers to a direction in which the circular arc steel form carriage 1000 advances during the construction work.
Specifically, referring to fig. 15, the end die unit 500 includes a first blocking plate 510, a second blocking plate 520, a limiting member 530, a rotating member 540, a supporting rod 550 and a limiting lead screw 560. The first baffle 510 and the second baffle 520 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the formwork assembly 310, gaps are formed at intervals, embedded parts can be placed through the gaps, and construction efficiency is improved. The first barrier 510 and the second barrier 520 are connected through a limiting member 530, and there are two limiting members 530, so that the connection between the first barrier 510 and the second barrier 520 is more stable. After the embedded part is arranged, the gap needs to be sealed by rubber strips and the like, then the foam rubber is coated to improve the sealing effect, and the limiting part 530 is used for preventing the rubber strips from falling off and plays a role in limiting the positions of the rubber strips. The first and second blocking plates 510 and 520 are further connected by a rotating member 540, one end of the rotating member 540 is fixedly connected to any one of the first and second blocking plates 510 and 520, and the other end of the rotating member 540 is hinged to the form assembly 310, so that the end form unit 500 can be rotatably connected to the form assembly 310 to perform demolding or formwork erecting. In order to fix the position of the end die unit 500 when the end die unit 500 is erected, a limit screw 560 is further provided. One end of the supporting rod 550 is fixedly connected with the die plate assembly 310, the other end of the supporting rod 550 is hinged with one end of the limiting screw 560, the other end of the limiting screw 560 is hinged with any one of the first baffle 510 and the second baffle 520, and the position of the end die unit 500 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the limiting screw 560. It should be noted that, the structure of the limit lead screw 560 may refer to the structure of the first adjusting lead screw 360.
In the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel mould trolley in the embodiment of the invention, the second portal frame comprises a first station and a second station along the length direction, the first station is positioned at one end deviating from the advancing direction of the arc steel mould trolley, and the second station is positioned at one end close to the advancing direction of the arc steel mould trolley. The first station and the second station refer to positions of the template assembly during pouring construction, and the first portal can drive the template assembly to reciprocate on the second portal for construction, so that the first station and the second station are defined on the second portal for convenience of explanation.
The tunnel construction method comprises the following steps:
step S110: the first gantry moves from the first station to the second station. The first gantry can be moved by a winch or by a motor in cooperation with a rack.
Step S120: the lifting device lifts the second door frame to the first target position. The first target position refers to the height position of the second portal, and the formwork assembly connected with the second portal needs to be constructed at a proper height position.
Step S130: the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder respectively drive the corresponding first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork to move to the pouring position. The pouring position refers to the position of the formwork assembly during formwork support, and concrete is conveniently poured.
Step S140: and a lower template is arranged between the first lower template and the second lower template.
Step S150: concrete is poured between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel. To form a reinforced concrete structure. It can be understood that a plurality of pouring openings are formed in the formwork assembly and are arranged on the formwork assembly at intervals. The pouring opening is opened during pouring, concrete is poured through the pouring opening, the corresponding pouring opening is closed when the liquid level of the concrete is about to reach the pouring opening, and pouring is carried out through the pouring opening with the higher position. The vibrator can be arranged in the pouring process to reduce bubbles formed in the concrete, and the pouring quality is improved.
Step S160: the lifting device retracts and disengages the support surface of the tunnel. After the concrete reaches expected intensity, the lifting device retracts to support the second portal frame through the first portal frame, and the condition that the lifting device collides with the ground in the moving process of the second portal frame can be reduced.
Step S170: the second portal is moved in the direction of extension of the tunnel to move the first portal from the second station to the first station. The second portal moves to facilitate the follow-up first portal to move along the second portal, so that the integral movement of the arc steel mould trolley is realized, and the arc steel mould trolley can move from one construction position to the next construction position.
Step S180: the lifting device extends out and is supported on the supporting surface. The first portal is supported by the second portal at the moment, so that the subsequent first portal can be conveniently moved.
Step S190: and (5) disassembling the lower template. So that the first lower side template and the second lower side template can be smoothly demoulded, and the demoulding efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the first lower side template and the second lower side template can be closer to the first portal, so that the condition that the template assembly collides with the wall surface of the tunnel in subsequent movement is reduced.
Step S200: the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder respectively drive the corresponding first upper side template, the second upper side template, the first lower side template and the second lower side template to reset and demould.
Step S210: and the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to a second target position so as to demould the upper template. The second target position refers to the height position of the second portal, and the descending of the second portal can drive the template assembly to descend, so that the demolding of the upper template is realized, and the circular arc steel mold trolley can go to the next construction section for construction.
It can be understood that in the second lining construction of the tunnel, the tunnel is generally divided into a plurality of construction sections for construction, and the arc steel form trolley in the embodiment of the invention realizes the movement in the tunnel through the mutual supporting mode of the first portal frame and the second portal frame under the condition of not laying a track. Therefore, the bottom wall and the side wall of the tunnel can be poured simultaneously, and the construction efficiency is improved. It can be understood that because the lower bolster is detachable connection, can be through dismantling the lower bolster so that first side form board and second side form board can demold smoothly when the drawing of patterns, can let first side form board and second side form board more be close to first portal simultaneously, give the decline of second portal sufficient space, make the cope match-plate pattern drawing of patterns, consequently can reduce the condition that the template subassembly collided with the tunnel wall at the removal in-process.
According to the arc steel mould trolley provided by the embodiment of the invention, the second portal is provided with the first station and the second station along the front-back direction, and the first portal is movably sleeved on the second portal and can move between the first station and the second station. The first station is located at the rear end in the front-rear direction, and the second station is located at the front end in the front-rear direction. The first station and the second station are positions where the formwork supporting mechanism is located when pouring, and the first portal can drive the formwork supporting mechanism to move on the second portal in a reciprocating mode, so that the positions of the formwork supporting mechanism can be switched between the first station and the second station.
The invention discloses a tunnel construction method based on an arc steel mould trolley, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1601: and erecting a first steel bar net rack on the inner wall of the tunnel. First steel bar net rack is through ligaturing the reinforcing bar in the section of jurisdiction in the tunnel, and first steel bar net rack ligatures according to the secondary lining's in tunnel design.
S1602: the first gantry moves from the first station to the second station. The first portal frame can realize the relative movement with the second portal frame through the cooperation of a winch and a steel wire rope or the cooperation of a motor and a rack, and is not particularly limited herein.
S1603: and the lifting device drives the second door frame to ascend to a first target position so as to enable the upper template to be matched with a part of the structure corresponding to the first reinforcing steel bar net frame. The first target position refers to a height position of the second portal frame, so that the first portal frame is raised to a height position ready for construction, i.e., a position where the upper form is matched with a corresponding portion of the structure of the first reinforcing bar net frame.
S1604: the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to enable the first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork to respectively move to positions matched with the first reinforcing steel bar net rack, and concrete pouring in subsequent steps is facilitated. It should be noted that the third driving oil cylinder and the first driving oil cylinder may be performed synchronously, or sequentially, or alternatively according to actual working conditions, so as to support the first lower formwork and the first upper formwork; the fourth driving oil cylinder and the second driving oil cylinder can be synchronously carried out, or successively carried out, or alternatively carried out according to actual working conditions, so that the formwork support of the second lower side formwork and the second upper side formwork is realized.
S1605: and a lower template is arranged between the first lower template and the second lower template. The lower template can be formed by splicing a plurality of template units, and the template units are detachably connected, so that the lower template can be conveniently installed and detached. In addition, a plurality of pouring openings can be formed in the lower template by disassembling part of the template units, so that the pouring efficiency and the pouring quality during concrete pouring in the subsequent steps are improved.
S1606: and pouring concrete between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel to form a reinforced concrete structure. It can be understood that the pouring openings are formed in the template assembly, and the pouring openings can be arranged in a plurality of spaced mode according to requirements. And opening the pouring port and pouring concrete through the pouring port during pouring, closing the corresponding pouring port when the liquid level of the concrete is about to reach the pouring port, and replacing the pouring port with a higher position for pouring. The vibrator can be arranged in the pouring process to reduce bubbles formed in the concrete, and the pouring quality is improved.
S1607: the lifting device retracts and disengages the support surface of the tunnel. After the reinforced concrete structure reaches the expected strength, the lifting device retracts, the first portal supports the second portal at the moment, and the retraction of the lifting device can reduce the situation that the lifting device collides with the inner wall of the tunnel during the movement of the second portal.
S1608: the second portal is moved in the direction of extension of the tunnel to switch the first portal from the second station to the first station. The second portal moves forwards, so that the first portal moves forwards in the subsequent steps, and the integral movement of the arc steel mould trolley is realized, namely the arc steel mould trolley moves from one tunnel subsection to the next tunnel subsection.
S1609: the lifting device extends out and is supported on the supporting surface. The second portal supports the first portal at this time, facilitating forward movement of the first portal in subsequent steps.
S1610: and (5) disassembling the lower template. After the lower die plate is disassembled, the first lower die plate and the second lower die plate can be smoothly demolded, and demolding efficiency is improved. Simultaneously, the first lower side template and the second lower side template can be closer to the first portal after being demoulded, so that the condition that the template assembly collides with the inner wall of the tunnel in subsequent movement is reduced.
S1611: the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to reset and demould the first upper side template, the second upper side template, the first lower side template and the second lower side template. It should be noted that the third driving oil cylinder and the first driving oil cylinder may be performed synchronously, or sequentially, or alternatively according to actual working conditions, so as to realize the demolding of the first lower side template and the first upper side template; the fourth driving oil cylinder and the second driving oil cylinder can be synchronously carried out, or successively carried out, or alternatively carried out according to actual working conditions, so that the demolding of the second lower side template and the second upper side template is realized.
S1612: and the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to a second target position so as to demould the upper template. The second target position refers to the height position of the second portal, and the second portal descends to drive the first portal to descend, so that the template assembly is driven to descend, and demolding of the upper template is achieved.
In the construction of the secondary lining of the tunnel, the construction method of the embodiment of the invention adopts the circular arc steel mould trolley to realize the integral casting of the secondary lining of the cylindrical tunnel subsection, and the circular arc steel mould trolley moves along the extension direction of the tunnel and continuously casts the remaining secondary lining of the tunnel subsection; the circular arc steel mould trolley comprises a first portal, a second portal and a mould supporting mechanism, the second portal is provided with a first station and a second station, the first portal is fixedly connected with the mould supporting mechanism and movably sleeved on the second portal, so that the position can be switched between the first station and the second station, the second portal frame is supported on the supporting surface of the tunnel, the formwork supporting mechanism can complete the procedures of formwork supporting, pouring, forming and the like on the second station under the driving of the first portal frame, and simultaneously the second portal frame is separated from the supporting surface and moves along the extending direction of the tunnel before demoulding, thereby the mold supporting mechanism is switched to the first station, the second portal frame is supported on the supporting surface of the tunnel again, at the moment, the mold supporting mechanism finishes demolding on the first station, and moving to a second station again to realize the working procedures of formwork supporting, pouring, forming and the like of the second lining of the next section of tunnel subsection, and realizing the cycle of integral pouring of the second lining of the tunnel subsection. According to the embodiment of the invention, the integral pouring of the secondary linings of the multiple tunnel sections is realized through the step-changing operation of the second portal and the formwork supporting mechanism, so that the construction efficiency of the secondary lining is improved.
The construction method of the embodiment of the invention adopts the arc steel mould trolley, the mould supporting mechanism comprises a mould plate component, a first driving oil cylinder, a second driving oil cylinder, a third driving oil cylinder and a fourth driving oil cylinder, and the mould plate component comprises a first upper mould plate, a second upper mould plate, a first lower mould plate, a second lower mould plate and a lower mould plate; the upper template is positioned above the first portal, the lower template is positioned below the first portal and is detachably connected with the first lower template and the second lower template, two ends of the first driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the first upper template and the first portal, two ends of the second driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the second upper template and the first portal, two ends of the third driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the first upper template close to the first lower template and one end of the first lower template close to the first upper template, and two ends of the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the second upper template close to the second lower template and one end of the second lower template close to the second upper template; through the connection mode, the first upper side template and the first lower side template can realize synchronous demoulding through the first driving oil cylinder and the third driving oil cylinder respectively, the second upper side template and the second lower side template can realize synchronous demoulding through the second driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder respectively, and the upper template can descend through the lifting device to realize gravity demoulding, so that the demoulding difficulty is reduced, the demoulding efficiency is improved, and the efficiency of tunnel secondary lining construction is further improved; and the template component can be more drawn in first portal under the drawing of patterns state, has effectively avoided first portal to bump with the inner wall in tunnel at the removal in-process, has improved the security of construction.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, before step S1608, the following steps are included:
s1701: and erecting a second steel bar net rack on the inner wall of the tunnel in the extension direction. The second steel bar net rack is bound in the pipe sheet of the tunnel through binding steel bars, and the second steel bar net rack is bound according to the design of the secondary lining of the tunnel. Step S1701 is generally set between steps S1606 and S1607, and in the process of waiting for the reinforced concrete to reach the desired strength, the worker can continue to construct the reinforcing steel bar net rack with the second lining for the next section of the tunnel section, thereby shortening the downtime and improving the construction efficiency of the secondary lining of the tunnel.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, the step S1606 includes the following steps:
s1801: the limiting oil cylinder drives the first supporting beam to be supported on the supporting surface of the tunnel. Step S1801 is generally set between steps S1603 and S1606, and an acting force is applied to the inner wall of the tunnel through the first supporting beam, so that the first gantry and the formwork support mechanism can be more accurately positioned with respect to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the first gantry and the formwork support mechanism are prevented from slipping to affect the casting quality when the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel are cast with concrete.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, before the step S1612, the method includes the following steps:
s1901: the limiting oil cylinder retracts and is separated from the supporting surface. Step S1901 is generally set between steps S1610 and S1612, and after the reinforced concrete reaches the desired strength, the form assembly and the reinforced concrete are demolded, and since the lifting device is required to drive the second gantry to descend in the upper form demolding, so as to drive the first gantry and the form erecting assembly to descend, the limit cylinder needs to retract, so as to ensure that the limit cylinder does not interfere with the movement of the lifting device.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, after step S1602, the method includes the following steps:
s2001: the exterior surface of the stencil assembly is cleaned. The surface of template component can have more material that influences the drawing of patterns after drawing of patterns many times, can improve the effect of drawing of patterns through wasing, carries out template component's washing when formwork mechanism moves to the position of second station moreover, and operating space is bigger, and the workman washs more conveniently, has improved the cleaning efficiency. In addition, in order to further improve the convenience and safety of cleaning of workers, a second steel bar net rack can be firstly not erected on the inner wall of the extending direction of the tunnel, but the formwork supporting mechanism is firstly moved to the second station to clean the formwork assembly, the formwork assembly is returned to the first station after the cleaning is finished, then the second steel bar net rack is erected, and pouring of the second lining of the next section of tunnel section is continued after the second steel bar net rack is erected.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, step S2001 specifically includes the following steps:
s2101: and cleaning the concrete and the curing agent on the outer surfaces of the first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork.
S2102: and coating a release agent on the outer surfaces of the first upper template, the second upper template, the first lower template and the second lower template.
The efficiency of drawing of patterns can be improved through washing the curing agent, the concrete of the surface to first upside template, second upside template, first lower bolster template and second lower side template. And after cleaning, a release agent is coated according to the actual condition, so that the bonding of concrete after subsequent pouring can be reduced, and the flatness of the inner surface of the demolded tunnel secondary lining can be improved.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, the step S1606 includes the following steps:
s2201: and installing a plurality of limiting screw rods, and supporting a plurality of end die units between the template assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel through the limiting screw rods. Before concreting, support the end mould unit and block that the concrete flows from the tip of template subassembly through spacing lead screw, the structure of end mould unit is favorable to improving formwork efficiency to promote secondary lining's the quality of pouring.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, before the step S1612, the method includes the following steps:
s2301: and (4) removing the plurality of limiting screw rods and resetting the plurality of end die assemblies. After the reinforced concrete reaches the expected strength, the reset of the end mould unit can be conveniently realized by removing the limiting screw rod, the demoulding efficiency is improved, and the formwork support is conveniently carried out when the second lining of the next section of tunnel subsection is poured.
In another embodiment of the tunnel construction method based on the arc steel form trolley, after the step S2301, the method includes the following steps:
s2401: and installing the embedded part between the template assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel through the communication port.
S2402: and sealing the communicating port by using a sealing strip.
It can be understood that after the end die unit supports, the embedded part can be placed through the communication port, the construction efficiency of the embedded part can be improved by placing the embedded part through the communication port, and the construction difficulty of the embedded part is reduced. After the embedded part is constructed, the communication port can be sealed through the sealing strips such as the rubber strips, or foam rubber is further smeared in a gap between the sealing strips and the communication port, so that the sealing effect of the end mold unit is improved, and the pouring quality of the secondary lining is improved.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Circular arc steel mould platform truck, its characterized in that includes:
a first portal;
the front end and the rear end of the second portal are provided with lifting devices, the second portal penetrates through the first portal, and the second portal and the first portal can move relatively;
the formwork supporting mechanism comprises a formwork assembly, a first driving oil cylinder, a second driving oil cylinder, a third driving oil cylinder and a fourth driving oil cylinder, wherein the formwork assembly comprises an upper formwork, a first upper formwork, a second upper formwork, a first lower formwork, a second lower formwork and a lower formwork;
the upper template is positioned above the first portal, the lower template is positioned below the first portal, the upper template, the first upper side template, the first lower side template, the lower template, the second lower side template and the second upper side template are sequentially connected and arranged around the first portal, and the lower template is detachably connected with the first lower side template and the second lower side template;
the two ends of the first driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the first upper side template and the first door frame, the two ends of the second driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with the second upper side template and the first door frame, the two ends of the third driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the first upper side template close to the first lower side template and one end of the first lower side template close to the first upper side template, and the two ends of the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively hinged with one end of the second upper side template close to the second lower side template and one end of the second lower side template close to the second upper side template;
the length of the second door frame along the front-back direction is L1, the length of the template assembly along the front-back direction is L2, and L1 and L2 meet the condition that L1/L2 is more than or equal to 2.
2. The arc steel form trolley according to claim 1, wherein the upper form comprises a plurality of first reinforcing rib plates and a plurality of first lug plate devices, the first reinforcing rib plates are arranged on the inner surface of the upper form at intervals, the first lug plate devices are arranged at intervals along the edge of the upper form close to the second upper form, the first lug plate devices are provided with first connecting holes, and the first connecting holes protrude out of the first reinforcing rib plates;
the second upper side template comprises a plurality of second reinforcing rib plates and a plurality of second lug plate devices, the second reinforcing rib plates are arranged on the inner surface of the second upper side template at intervals, the second lug plate devices are arranged at intervals along the edge, close to the second upper side template, of the second upper side template, the second lug plate devices are provided with second connecting holes, and the second connecting holes protrude out of the second reinforcing rib plates;
the formwork supporting mechanism further comprises a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft penetrates through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole so that the upper formwork is hinged to the second upper side formwork, and the rotating centers of the upper formwork and the second upper side formwork protrude out of the first reinforcing rib plate and the second reinforcing rib plate.
3. The circular arc steel die trolley according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic pump, a reversing valve, and a synchronizing valve, wherein the hydraulic pump, the reversing valve, the synchronizing valve, and the plurality of first driving cylinders are connected to form a synchronizing circuit.
4. The circular arc steel form trolley of claim 1, wherein the second gantry comprises a guide rail that extends in a fore-and-aft direction, and the first gantry comprises guide wheels that roll in cooperation with the guide rail.
5. The circular arc steel die trolley as claimed in claim 4, wherein at least two guide rails are arranged at intervals at the upper end and the lower end of the second gantry, at least two rows of guide wheel sets corresponding to the guide rails are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the first gantry, each row of guide wheel set comprises a plurality of guide wheels, and the guide wheels are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the guide rails.
6. The circular arc steel die trolley according to claim 1, wherein the formwork supporting mechanism further comprises a plurality of end formwork units, the end formwork units are arranged at the end of the advancing direction of the formwork assembly and are arranged around the formwork assembly, each end formwork unit comprises a first baffle plate, a second baffle plate, a limiting part, a rotating part, a supporting rod and a limiting lead screw, the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the formwork assembly, the first baffle plate is connected with the second baffle plate through the limiting part, one end of the rotating part is fixedly connected with the first baffle plate and/or the second baffle plate, the other end of the rotating part is hinged with the formwork assembly so that the first baffle plate and the second baffle plate can be rotatably connected with the formwork assembly, and one end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the formwork assembly, the other end of the supporting rod is hinged to one end of the limiting screw rod, the other end of the limiting screw rod is hinged to the first baffle or the second baffle, and the limiting screw rod is used for adjusting the position of the end die unit or fixing the position of the end die unit.
7. The circular arc steel die trolley according to claim 1, wherein the front end and the rear end of the first portal are provided with first supporting devices, each supporting device comprises a limiting oil cylinder and a first supporting beam, the limiting oil cylinder is connected with the first portal, and the first supporting beams are connected with the output end of the limiting oil cylinder, so that the first supporting beams are abutted to the wall surface of the tunnel or the steel bars fixed on the wall surface of the tunnel.
8. The circular arc steel die trolley according to claim 1, wherein second supporting devices are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the second portal respectively, each second supporting device comprises a connecting piece, a second supporting beam and an adjusting oil cylinder, the connecting piece is connected with the lifting device, two moving pieces are arranged at the lower end of the lifting device, the two moving pieces are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction of the lifting device, the second supporting beam extends in the left-right direction and is connected with the moving pieces in a sliding manner, one end of the adjusting oil cylinder is connected with the connecting piece, and the other end of the adjusting oil cylinder is connected with the second supporting beam so as to drive the second supporting beam and the second portal to move relatively.
9. The circular arc steel die trolley according to claim 1, wherein the formwork supporting mechanism further comprises an adjusting screw rod, the formwork assembly is hinged to the first gantry through the adjusting screw rod, the adjusting screw rod comprises a first screw rod, a second screw rod, an adjusting sleeve, a first nut and a second nut, the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively screwed at two ends of the adjusting sleeve, the first nut is screwed with the first screw rod to limit the relative rotation of the first screw rod and the adjusting sleeve, the second nut is screwed with the second screw rod to limit the relative rotation of the second screw rod and the adjusting sleeve, and the adjusting screw rod is used for adjusting or fixing the position of the formwork assembly.
10. A tunnel construction method using the circular arc steel form trolley of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second portal includes a first station and a second station in a length direction;
the tunnel construction method comprises the following steps:
the first gantry moves from the first station to the second station;
the lifting device lifts the second portal frame to a first target position;
the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to enable the first upper side formwork, the second upper side formwork, the first lower side formwork and the second lower side formwork to move to pouring positions;
installing the lower template between the first lower template and the second lower template;
pouring concrete between the formwork assembly and the inner wall of the tunnel;
the lifting device retracts and disengages from the supporting surface of the tunnel;
the second portal moves along the extending direction of the tunnel so as to enable the first portal to be switched from the second station to the first station;
the lifting device extends out and is supported on the supporting surface;
disassembling the lower template;
the first driving oil cylinder, the second driving oil cylinder, the third driving oil cylinder and the fourth driving oil cylinder are respectively driven to reset and demould the first upper side template, the second upper side template, the first lower side template and the second lower side template;
and the lifting device drives the second door frame to descend to a second target position so as to demould the upper template.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111679316.4A CN114320368A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Circular arc steel mould trolley and tunnel construction method adopting same |
| CN202210093632.1A CN114526091A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Tunnel construction method based on arc steel mould trolley |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111679316.4A CN114320368A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Circular arc steel mould trolley and tunnel construction method adopting same |
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| CN202210093632.1A Division CN114526091A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Tunnel construction method based on arc steel mould trolley |
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| CN202210093632.1A Pending CN114526091A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Tunnel construction method based on arc steel mould trolley |
| CN202111679316.4A Pending CN114320368A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Circular arc steel mould trolley and tunnel construction method adopting same |
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