CN114315411A - Method for preparing high-strength sintered water permeable brick by using coal gangue as main raw material - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-strength sintered water permeable brick by using coal gangue as main raw material Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a high-strength sintered water permeable brick by using coal gangue as a main raw material, which is characterized in that the coal gangue is crushed to be less than 0.45mm, and then the sintered water permeable brick is prepared through the procedures of proportioning, pressing and sintering, so that the process flow is short, the utilization rate of the coal gangue is high, the production cost is low, the prepared water permeable brick has high strength and good water permeability, and meets and exceeds the requirements of national standard GB/T25993-2010 'water permeable pavement brick and water permeable pavement slab'.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial solid waste utilization, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a sintered water permeable brick by using coal gangue as a main raw material.
Background
At present, the accumulated stockpiling of coal gangue in China is more than 50 hundred million tons, the coal gangue is increased by 10-15% of the coal output every year, and the coal gangue is used as the industrial solid waste with the largest discharge and stockpiling amount, and the resource utilization of the coal gangue has positive practical significance for mines, environment and soil. The steel slag is an industrial solid waste discharged in steel making, the total output of the steel slag is about 1.5 hundred million tons at present, the steel yield is increased by 12-15% every year, and the resource utilization of the steel slag is a main way for sustainable development and green development of a steel mill. At present, the coal gangue is widely applied to the fields of power generation, building materials and agriculture. In the aspect of building materials, the high-value utilization of the coal gangue is reflected in the preparation of functional materials, such as permeable bricks, porous heat-insulating materials and adsorbing materials. Therefore, the research on the preparation of the sintered water permeable brick by using the coal gangue as the main raw material is carried out.
The chemical compositions of the coal gangue mainly comprise silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide and carbon, and when the sintered water permeable brick is prepared, an organic pore-forming agent space occupying method or an inorganic pore-forming agent method is mainly adopted, wherein the organic pore-forming agent escapes at a proper temperature and leaves a gap in the original position when the organic pore-forming agent method is fired at a high temperature to form a water permeable material; the inorganic pore-forming agent method is that calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate is added to carry out decomposition reaction at a proper temperature to generate carbon dioxide, and pores are left in a blank body to form a permeable material; this method is disadvantageous because most pore formers are organic or carbon, easily cause a black core problem during firing, have low product strength, and have a small porosity due to the inorganic pore former method, resulting in a small water permeability coefficient.
Chinese patent application No. CN108129084A discloses a method for preparing a high-strength water permeable brick by compounding coal gangue steel slag with wheat straw ash, the method comprises the steps of carbonizing wheat straws in a carbonization furnace at 550-600 ℃, mixing coal gangue and steel slag with certain granularity with the wheat straw ash, adding phenolic resin, silica sol, cement and the like, injecting into a water permeable brick model, and obtaining the concrete water permeable brick of the coal gangue steel slag after vibration and maintenance, wherein the method has the following defects:
the production process needs many working procedures, cement curing needs to pass through a constant temperature and humidity curing chamber and needs to be wrapped by a plastic film, and the whole production period is long
Some operations need to be finished at 190-200 ℃, and the requirement on equipment is high;
the production process needs to add phenolic resin, so that the phenolic resin is easy to adhere to the inner wall of equipment, and the operation is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up for the defects of the prior art, fully utilizes the high strength and porosity of steel slag particles, provides a method for sintering a water permeable brick with simple process, short process flow, high product strength and good water permeability, and opens up a new way for the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue and steel slag.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a method for preparing a sintered water permeable brick by using coal gangue as a main raw material, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) treatment of raw materials: crushing the coal gangue to below 0.45mm by using a jaw crusher for later use; naturally stacking and homogenizing the steel slag raw materials for more than 3 months, crushing the steel slag raw materials, screening by using a vibrating screen, and screening 0.4-2 mm of raw materials for later use; screening kaolin and potassium feldspar to obtain raw materials below 0.2mm for later use;
(2) preparing materials: weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of the raw materials, weighing 60-80 parts of coal gangue and 5-20 parts of steel slag, mixing and stirring uniformly, adding 5-7 parts of water, stirring uniformly, adding a mixture of 5-10 parts of kaolin and 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar, and stirring uniformly;
(3) semi-dry pressing and forming: pressing the raw materials in the step (2) on a press to form, wherein the pressure is 150-250 kg/cm2；
(4) And (3) drying: drying the pressed green bricks in an oven at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ until the moisture content is lower than 0.5%;
(5) and (3) firing: and firing the dried green bricks in a high-temperature energy-saving furnace at the high temperature of 1150-1190 ℃, and naturally cooling along with the furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:
2. In the invention, a small amount of steel slag particles are added, because of the porosity and high strength of the steel slag, the strength and water permeability of the product are improved, the sintering performance is good, free calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the steel slag are completely solidified, the product is not efflorescence and has better strength and durability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1: according to the specific preparation process, 70 percent of coal gangue, 15 percent of steel slag, 6 percent of water, 5 percent of kaolin and 10 percent of potash feldspar with the granularity of less than 0.2mm, and 150kg/cm of kaolin and potassium feldspar are mixed2Pressing under the pressure of the raw materials, drying, and then firing in a 1190 ℃ high-temperature energy-saving furnace to obtain the finished product brick.
Example 2: according to the specific preparation process, 60 percent of coal gangue, 20 percent of steel slag, 6 percent of water, 5 percent of kaolin and 15 percent of potash feldspar with the granularity of less than 0.2mm, and 200kg/cm of kaolin and potash feldspar are prepared2Pressing under the pressure of the raw materials, drying, and then firing in a high-temperature energy-saving furnace at 1185 ℃ to obtain the finished product brick.
Example 3: according to the specific preparation process flow, 65 percent of coal gangue, 10 percent of steel slag and 6 percent of water are mixed, the granularity of the kaolin and the potash feldspar is less than 0.2mm, and the mixture of 10 percent of kaolin and 15 percent of potash feldspar is mixed at 250kg/cm2Pressing under the pressure of the raw materials, drying, and then firing in a high-temperature energy-saving furnace at 1180 ℃ to obtain the finished product brick.
Through detection, the performance parameters of the products in the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 are as shown in the following table, and the indexes meet and are superior to the requirements of national standard GB/T25993-2010 'permeable pavement bricks and permeable pavement slabs'.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing high-strength sintered water permeable bricks by using coal gangue as a main raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) treatment of raw materials: crushing the coal gangue to below 0.45mm by using a jaw crusher for later use; naturally stacking and homogenizing the steel slag raw materials for more than 3 months, crushing the steel slag raw materials, screening by using a vibrating screen, and screening 0.4-2 mm of raw materials for later use; screening kaolin and potassium feldspar to obtain raw materials with the particle size of less than 0.2mm for later use;
(2) preparing materials: weighing raw materials according to the weight ratio of the raw materials, weighing the raw materials treated in the step (1), 60-80 parts of coal gangue and 5-20 parts of steel slag, mixing and stirring uniformly, adding 5-7 parts of water, stirring uniformly, adding a mixture of 5-10 parts of kaolin and 10-15 parts of potassium feldspar, and stirring uniformly;
(3) semi-dry pressing and forming: pressing the raw materials in the step (2) on a press to form, wherein the pressure is 150-250 kg/cm2；
(4) And (3) drying: drying the pressed green bricks in an oven at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ until the moisture content is lower than 0.5%;
(5) and (3) firing: and firing the dried green bricks in a high-temperature energy-saving furnace at the high temperature of 1150-1190 ℃, and naturally cooling along with the furnace to obtain the high-strength sintered water permeable brick.
2. The method for preparing the high-strength sintered water permeable brick by using the coal gangue as a main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the steel slag in the step (2) is 10-15 parts by weight of the raw materials.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength sintered water permeable brick by using the coal gangue as the main raw material according to claim 1, wherein the crushed particle size of the coal gangue in the step (1) is less than 0.45mm, and the crushed particle size of the kaolin and the potassium feldspar is less than 0.2 mm.
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