CN111217566B - Method for preparing high-temperature-resistant concrete building block by using carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-temperature-resistant concrete building block by using carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN111217566B CN111217566B CN201811406442.0A CN201811406442A CN111217566B CN 111217566 B CN111217566 B CN 111217566B CN 201811406442 A CN201811406442 A CN 201811406442A CN 111217566 B CN111217566 B CN 111217566B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0231—Carbon dioxide hardening
Abstract
A method for preparing a high-temperature-resistant concrete block by using carbon dioxide comprises the following steps: (1) firstly, dry-mixing materials for preparing concrete blocks in a mixer according to a certain proportion, slowly adding water into the obtained mixture, uniformly mixing, and (2) weighing the mixture by a certain mass, adding the mixture into a block making machine, and performing compression molding; (3) and (3) putting the formed concrete block into a carbon dioxide curing box for curing under the conditions of 20 ℃ of temperature, 65% of relative humidity and 20% of carbon dioxide concentration until the concrete block is cured to the specified age. The invention can improve the high temperature resistance of the concrete block, effectively reduce the external damage of the concrete block at high temperature and effectively improve the strength of the concrete block at high temperature; and effectively utilizes the waste greenhouse effect gas, namely carbon dioxide gas, reduces the emission of greenhouse gas, protects the environment and inhibits the occurrence of greenhouse effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of resource recycling and building materials, in particular to a preparation method for a high-temperature-resistant concrete block by utilizing a carbon dioxide curing technology.
Background
The solid clay brick (red brick) is one of the most main building materials in China, and particularly since the innovation is opened, the yield of the red brick is increased geometrically, and the annual yield reaches more than 10 hundred million blocks. However, the production and use of the method are limited by the nation at present due to the problems of high production energy consumption, large consumption of land resources, environmental pollution and the like. As a substitute material of red bricks, concrete blocks become widely used building materials at present due to light weight, high strength and good heat insulation and preservation characteristics. But the high temperature resistance of the concrete block is inferior compared to that of the red brick. Under the condition of high temperature, the strength of concrete is reduced sharply, and the main reasons are as follows: the high temperature resistance of the concrete block is mainly related to the material composition of the concrete block, and when the temperature of the concrete block is about 300 ℃, most of bound water and free water in calcium silicate hydrate gel in a cement hydration product are evaporated to form air holes and slight cracks. When the temperature reaches 400 ℃, the calcium hydroxide in the concrete block begins to dehydrate and decompose. When the temperature is higher than 600 ℃, the cement matrix is dehydrated and contracted, the aggregate is heated and continuously expands, the crystal form and the internal structure of the concrete block are seriously deformed due to the thermal deformation difference of the cement matrix and the aggregate, and the mechanical property of the concrete block is sharply reduced. When the temperature is higher than 800 ℃, the phase change of the aggregate occurs, and the carbonate is decomposed, so that the concrete building block is basically and completely destroyed, and the compressive strength is only about 20 percent at normal temperature. Therefore, the improvement or the improvement of the high-temperature performance of the cement hydration product is beneficial to inhibiting the damage of the concrete microstructure after high temperature and relieving the phase change of the aggregateAnd structural deformation caused by cement stone decomposition, thereby improving the high temperature resistance of the concrete block. The existing high-temperature resistant concrete block preparation method mainly adopts different binders to replace portland cement, one of which is common hydraulic materials-high alumina cement, alumina cement and slag cement. Concrete block adopts this type of cement, when concrete block heats 100 degrees more, the hydration product of this type of cement can produce the inflation, if the quantity is great, can make concrete block produce the crack, produces adverse effect to the structure, and on the other hand, the use of these high temperature cement can make concrete block's water consumption increase, directly leads to concrete block water cement ratio to strengthen, intensity reduction. The second type is the use of some air-cement-water glass (H)2O·nSiO2) The binder can change the physical and chemical changes of the concrete blocks, and the generated hardening substances can improve the high-temperature resistance of the concrete blocks, but the use of the binder generally utilizes other hardening accelerators, such as ferrochrome-containing alloy slag, so that the requirement on aggregates is higher, the use in a large range is not facilitated, and substances volatilized from water glass are harmful to human bodies and are not beneficial to buildings which are frequently contacted by human beings. The third type of adhesive is a chemical adhesive, the chemical adhesive mainly adopts phosphate, and needs to be matched with fillers for use, the fillers need to be capable of reacting with the adhesive to generate a hardening effect, and because reaction products generated by the reaction with the fillers have different high-temperature stability, different fillers can also influence the high-temperature resistance degree of the concrete block. The method is not beneficial to popularization and use due to the complex process and high economic cost. With the national emphasis on the fire resistance of building materials, if the high temperature resistance of the concrete block can be better improved, the engineering application of the concrete block can be favorably expanded. Carbon dioxide curing has two effects on concrete blocks: on one hand, carbon dioxide and cement hydration products react quickly to generate calcium carbonate and silica gel, the strength of the concrete block is quickly enhanced in a short period due to the change of internal components and structure, the durability of the concrete block is improved, and the high-temperature performance of the calcium carbonate and the silica gel is better than that of cement gel and calcium hydroxide, so that the method adoptsCuring the concrete block with carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in improving its high temperature performance. On the other hand, along with the development of society, a large amount of carbon dioxide is generated in the production and living process of human beings, and the global warming is indirectly caused, as the development direction of green building materials, the carbon dioxide curing technology is very important, namely, the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be fixed, and through theoretical calculation, if 100% carbonization can be realized, 1 ton of cement can absorb 0.5 ton of carbon dioxide to form 1.5 tons of solid calcium carbonate and silica gel. At present, 9-20% of carbon dioxide is absorbed by a large amount of cement, and the carbon dioxide curing technology has great potential to create cement products with high quality, good durability and sustainability.
At present, there are few patents and literature relating to the combination of carbon dioxide and concrete preparation. Wherein, Chinese patent (publication number: CN104045251B) uses carbon dioxide to reinforce recycled concrete aggregate; chinese patent (publication number: CN108059430A) utilizes carbon dioxide for producing autoclaved foam concrete; chinese patent (publication number: CN107935507A) prepares concrete of recycled aggregate by using carbon dioxide; chinese patent (publication number: CN105174766B) a method for reinforcing recycled concrete fine aggregate by using carbon dioxide; chinese patent (publication number: CN105384460A) discloses a method for producing a flame-retardant high-temperature resistant autoclaved aerated concrete block by using ramie fibers. The method does not apply the carbon dioxide curing technology to the preparation of the high-temperature resistant concrete building block, and the application range of the product is narrow, so that the product cannot be used in large batch, namely, the product is not multifunctional. The invention utilizes the carbon dioxide curing technology, can solve the problem of recovery and fixation of carbon dioxide gas, can obviously improve the high-temperature performance of concrete, prepares the high-temperature resistant concrete, and has great theoretical value and engineering significance for the development of green building materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of complex process, high cost, poor applicability and the like in the preparation process of the traditional high-temperature resistant concrete block, and provides a novel preparation method of the high-temperature resistant concrete block.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
firstly, dry-mixing materials for preparing concrete blocks, namely coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, ordinary portland cement, fly ash and mineral powder in a mixer according to a certain proportion;
step two, slowly adding water into the mixture obtained in the step one and uniformly stirring;
step three, the mixture obtained in the step two is filled into a mould in a block making machine, and the block making machine is used for pressing and forming;
and step four, putting the building blocks obtained in the step three into a carbon dioxide curing box, and curing the building blocks to a specified age for use.
The ordinary portland cement: fly ash: mineral powder: coarse aggregate: fine aggregate: water: the weight of the (B) is 460-480 Kg/m3：100～160Kg/m3：100～160Kg/m3：600～800Kg/m3：600～800Kg/m3：220～230Kg/m3。
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to a method for preparing a high-temperature-resistant concrete block by curing carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:
1. the material for the high-temperature resistant concrete block is coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, ordinary portland cement, fly ash and mineral powder. SiO of fly ash2、Al2O3And Fe2O3The total content of (A) is more than 70%. The coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5-10mm, and the fine aggregate is river sand with continuous gradation, and each cube is 600-800 Kg. The water absorption of the fine aggregate was 0.87%, and the water absorption of the coarse aggregate was 0.21%.
2. The concrete blocks are mixed in a proportion that all the high-temperature resistant concrete blocks adopt fixed gelled material content, the Portland cement content is 467.5Kg per cube, the fly ash content is 155.8Kg per cube, the mineral powder content is 155.8Kg per cube, and the water-cement ratio is 0.3.
3. Adding coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cementing material (Portland cement, fly ash and mineral powder) according to the mixing proportion, stirring uniformly, and adding water for about 5 minutes.
4. After the mixture is uniformly mixed, the mixture is poured into building block machine dies, about 700g of each die is pressed and molded by using a concrete building block machine, the molding pressure is about 7.8MPa, all test pieces are placed into a carbon dioxide curing box after molding, the curing condition is 20 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 65 +/-1%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 20% +/-1%. In addition, natural curing was used as a control.
5. After 28 days of curing, the samples are placed in a high-temperature furnace for testing, and are respectively heated to the temperatures of 100 ℃, 300 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃ at room temperature, the heating rate is 10 ℃ per minute, then the high-temperature resistance of the concrete block cured by the carbon dioxide is evaluated, and the exterior of the test piece is not damaged after the high-temperature resistance concrete block cured by the carbon dioxide is subjected to the high temperature of 800 ℃. The strength detection shows that the strength of the high-temperature resistant concrete block cured by carbon dioxide is reduced little after high temperature, the external damage and the strength reduction amplitude of the natural cured block after high temperature are large, and the research shows that: the carbon dioxide and the cement hydration product react quickly to quickly enhance the strength of the concrete block in a short period, in addition, the high-temperature performance of the generated carbonized products calcium carbonate and silica gel is better than that of hydrated calcium silicate gel and calcium hydroxide, the test results are shown in the following table, the compressive strength of the block cured by the carbon dioxide is higher than that of the block cured by natural curing at each target temperature, and therefore, the carbon dioxide is adopted to cure the concrete block, which is beneficial to improving the high-temperature performance of the block.
Compressive strength values (MPa) of different concrete blocks after respective target temperatures
Claims (2)
1. A method for preparing a high-temperature-resistant concrete block by using carbon dioxide comprises the following steps:
firstly, the materials for the high-temperature resistant concrete block are coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, ordinary portland cement, fly ash and mineral powder, wherein the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5-10mm, the fine aggregate is continuous graded river sand, and each cubic volume of the fine aggregate is 600-800 kg;
step two, the matching proportion of the concrete blocks, all the high-temperature resistant concrete blocks adopt fixed gelled material content, the Portland cement content is 467.5kg per cube, the fly ash content is 55.8kg per cube, the mineral powder content is 155.8kg per cube, and the water-cement ratio is 0.30;
step three, adding coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cementing materials, namely portland cement, fly ash and mineral powder, according to the mixing proportion, uniformly stirring, and adding water for 5 minutes;
step four, after uniformly mixing the mixture, pouring the mixture into building block machine molds, wherein each mold is 700g, pressing and molding are carried out by using a concrete building block machine, the molding pressure is 7.8MPa, all test pieces are placed into a carbon dioxide curing box after molding, the curing condition is 20 +/-1 ℃, the relative humidity is 65 +/-1%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is 20% +/-1%; in addition, natural maintenance was used as its control group;
and step five, after 28 days of curing, placing the samples in a high-temperature furnace for testing, heating the samples to the temperatures of 100 ℃, 300 ℃, 500 ℃, 600 ℃ and 800 ℃ at room temperature respectively at the heating rate of 10 ℃ per minute, and then evaluating the high-temperature resistance of the concrete block cured by the carbon dioxide.
2. The method for preparing the high-temperature-resistant concrete block by using the carbon dioxide is characterized in that the high-temperature-resistant performance of the concrete block is improved by using a carbon dioxide curing method in the fourth step.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112028564B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-01 | 同济大学 | By using CO2Recycled concrete block prepared from reinforced recycled powder |
| CN112223489A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-15 | 湖南大学 | Method for improving high-temperature performance of cement-based material by using carbon dioxide |
| CN112939538A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-11 | 北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Method for preparing recycled concrete product by utilizing and sealing carbon dioxide |
| US20230365473A1 (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2023-11-16 | Carbicrete Inc. | Method of manufacturing concrete products including post-hardening treatment |
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| CN108083710A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-29 | 湖南大学 | A kind of production method of environmentally protective multifunctional concrete building block |
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