CN114311944A - Preparation method of moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing - Google Patents
Preparation method of moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, which comprises the following steps: drying TPU particles containing polyether polyol, preheating a charging barrel, opening an extruder, adding a small amount of raw materials, adding a normal amount of raw materials after molten plastics are normally extruded, introducing compressed air from a core film, and performing blow molding to form a TPU film; dividing the TPU film into a TPU film surface layer and a TPU film bottom layer, coating first adsorption particles on the TPU film surface layer, and coating second adsorption particles on the TPU film bottom layer; laminating a water absorbing layer between the TPU film surface layer and the TPU film bottom layer; taking an adsorption type fiber as a surface yarn, taking a breathable type fiber as a bottom yarn, and hooking the surface yarn and the bottom yarn by using a slub fiber to form a fabric layer; and (3) adopting polyurethane hot melt adhesive as an adhesive to carry out hot melt lamination compounding to obtain a finished product. The invention has the characteristics of good environment isolation effect and good taking comfort.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a film composite fabric, in particular to a preparation method of a moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing.
Background
At present, the medical protective clothing is mainly compounded by polyethylene/polypropylene spun-bonded non-woven fabric and a breathable microporous film, or by spunlace non-woven fabric and the breathable microporous film, or by wood pulp. The principle of air permeability and water resistance is that calcium carbonate powder is added into a film raw material before the film is spun, the film is stretched to generate micropores after being formed, interface peeling is generated between a polymer and calcium carbonate particles during stretching, and communicated tortuous pores or channels are formed around the calcium carbonate particles, so that the film is endowed with the functions of air permeability, moisture permeability and liquid impermeability, and the two sides of the film are communicated. However, in practical application, the comfort level of the composite fabric is poor when the composite fabric is used for a long time with high strength, sweat generated by a human body cannot be effectively removed, stuffy heat sensation is easily generated, and the phenomena of skin redness, swelling, allergy and the like are caused, the tearing strength of the microporous breathable film is not enough, the microporous breathable film can crack due to contact with sharp objects such as a table corner, a stretcher and the like in the treatment process, the infection risk is increased, and the service life is shortened.
TPU, also known as thermoplastic polyurethane rubber or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, is a linear block copolymer composed of an oligomeric polyol soft segment and an isocyanate hard segment. The TPU film is a compact film and is formed by plasticizing and blowing TPU raw materials. The high-strength high-toughness high-strength high-tenacity and high-bearing capacity, and is widely applied to the textile industry due to the fact that the high-strength high-tenacity high-toughness high-tenacity high-resistance to environmental and chemical corrosion, wide in hardness range and high in bearing capacity. For the nonporous hydrophilic moisture permeable film TPU, a plurality of chemical groups utilizing water molecule migration are arranged on a molecular chain segment, and the human sweat is successfully discharged in the process of moisture absorption-diffusion-moisture release, namely, the hydrophilic chain segment absorbs the sweat emitted by the human body, the moisture is rapidly diffused to the outer layer from the inside, and finally the moisture is evaporated to the external environment.
The traditional TPU composite fabric is prepared by directly sticking a TPU film on a common fabric through an adhesive, the method is simple and efficient, but the formed composite fabric has single functionality, is easy to have water seepage under a long-time bearing water body, needs to enhance the isolation effect on the environment, can not well absorb sweat of a human body, has certain perspiration adhesion and stuffy feeling, needs to enhance the taking comfort and can not meet the increasing functional requirements of people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing. The invention has the characteristics of good environment isolation effect and good taking comfort.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for the protective clothing comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of TPU film
a. Drying TPU particles containing polyether polyol, and staying in a dryer for 2-5h to obtain a product A;
b. preheating the charging barrel, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min;
c. opening the extruder, running at low speed, adding a small amount of product A, adding a normal amount of product A after normally extruding molten plastics, introducing compressed air from the core film, and leading the traction tube blank to a traction roller through a cooling air ring to form a smooth-surface microporous-free TPU film which is a product B;
d. dividing the product B into a TPU film surface layer and a TPU film bottom layer, and coating first adsorption particles at the bottom of the TPU film surface layer to obtain a product C1; coating second adsorption particles on the top layer of the bottom layer of the TPU film to obtain a C2 product;
e. laminating water absorbing layer between the product C1 and the product C2 to obtain product D;
s2, preparing the fabric
Taking the adsorption type fiber as a surface yarn, taking the breathable type fiber as a bottom yarn, taking the slub fiber as a connecting yarn, and hooking the surface yarn and the bottom yarn to form a fabric layer;
s3 preparation of hot melt adhesive
Taking polyether diol and MDI, and synthesizing a reactive moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive through bulk polymerization;
s4 lamination composite
And (3) adopting a reactive moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive as an adhesive, and carrying out hot melt lamination compounding on the product D and the fabric layer through a compounding machine set to obtain a finished product.
In the preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, the water absorbing layer comprises water absorbing particles distributed in a wavy manner, the upper parts of the water absorbing particles are wrapped with the diversion layer formed by antistatic fibers, and the diversion layer is provided with the straight-flow holes and the tree-shaped holes; the lower part of the water absorption particles is wrapped with a breathable layer consisting of hydrophobic fibers, and the breathable layer is provided with conical holes with small upper parts and large lower parts.
In the preparation method of the moisture-permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, the tree-shaped holes comprise main holes communicated with the water-absorbing particles at the lowest position and branch holes communicated with the water-absorbing particles at two sides of the lowest position; the straight-flow hole is communicated with the water absorption particles at the highest position.
In the preparation method of the moisture-permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, the first adsorption particles and the second adsorption particles adopt nano-scale activated carbon particles, diatom mineral spheres or fullerene C60.
In the preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, the adsorption type fibers are formed by blending a plurality of fibers with cross-shaped sections and fibers with Y-shaped sections; the air-permeable fiber is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers with bean-shaped cross sections, and air flow gaps are formed between adjacent hollow fibers.
In the preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, the bamboo joint fibers comprise central fibers and thick nodes positioned on the central fibers, the thick nodes are provided with a plurality of cavities surrounding the central fibers, and the cavities are filled with a plurality of antibacterial particles.
In the preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing, the central fiber comprises a plurality of flame retardant fibers and bamboo fibers which are distributed in parallel, and two polyethylene fibers are alternately and crossly wound between the flame retardant fibers and the bamboo fibers.
Compared with the prior art, the polyether TPU film is adopted, so that the affinity of the polymer to water is improved, the flexibility is better, the barrier property is better, the comfort is strong, the strength and the thickness uniformity of the film are improved by improving the preparation method, and the quality stability of the same batch is improved; the double-layer TPU film is adopted, so that the waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric has good waterproof and moisture-permeable performances and harmful microorganism isolation performances, and an effective protective barrier is established between a wearer and the environment; the first adsorption particles, the water absorption layer and the second adsorption particles are arranged between the double-layer TPU films, so that air passing through the TPU films can be effectively subjected to multiple adsorption, harmful substances such as peculiar smell and bacteria are removed, and permeated water is absorbed, so that the waterproof performance is further improved; the adopted hot melt adhesive has stable quality and strong adhesive adhesiveness;
the surface of the fabric layer effectively absorbs sweat generated by a human body while isolating external moisture through the adsorption type fibers, has a good impurity adsorption effect, cleans and dries skin, discharges the sweat generated by the human body through the breathable type fibers, avoids stuffiness and heat, improves the taking comfort, and improves the structural stability and the physical and mechanical properties of the fabric layer through the arrangement of the connecting yarns.
Therefore, the invention has the characteristics of good environment isolation effect and good wearing comfort.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of an adsorption type fiber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an air-permeable fiber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a slub fiber;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the central fiber.
The labels in the figures are: 1. a TPU film surface layer; 2. a TPU film bottom layer; 3. a water-absorbing layer; 31. water-absorbing particles; 32. a flow guiding layer; 33. a straight-flow hole; 34. a dendritic pore; 35. a breathable layer; 36. a tapered hole; 41. first adsorbent particles; 42. a second adsorbent particle; 5. a fabric layer; 51. an adsorption type fiber; 511. a cross-section fiber; 512. a fiber with a Y-shaped cross section; 52. a breathable fiber; 521. a hollow fiber; 522. an air flow gap; 53. bamboo joint fiber; 531. a central fiber; 532. coarse nodes; 533. a cavity; 534. antibacterial particles; 535. a flame retardant fiber; 536. bamboo fiber; 537. polyethylene fibers.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example (b):
as shown in fig. 1-5, the preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of TPU film
a. Drying TPU particles containing polyether polyol, and staying in a dryer for 2-5h to obtain a product A; the polyether TPU film is adopted, the moisture permeability effect is 5-6 times that of the common TPU film, the hydrophilic TPU film has hydrophilicity, the affinity of a polymer to water is improved, the permeability of water vapor is improved, the flexibility is better, the barrier property is better, and the comfort is strong; drying is carried out at the early stage of blow molding, so that the influence of moisture absorption of TPU particles on subsequent operation and molding effect is avoided;
b. preheating the charging barrel, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min;
c. opening the extruder, running at low speed, adding a small amount of product A, heating to a melting temperature, adding a normal amount of product A after normally extruding molten plastics, introducing compressed air from the core film, and drawing the pipe blank to a drawing roller through a cooling air ring to form a smooth-surface microporous-free TPU film which is a product B; the step ensures that the formed TPU film is flat, the film is not easy to break when being compounded with the fabric at the later stage, the water pressure test of the film is normal, the film forming property is good, and the mechanical property and the moisture permeability are good;
d. dividing the product B into a TPU film surface layer 1 and a TPU film bottom layer 2, and coating the bottom of the TPU film surface layer 1 with first adsorption particles 41 to obtain a product C1; coating the top layer of the TPU film bottom layer 2 with second adsorption particles 42 to obtain a C2 product;
e. laminating water absorbing layer 3 between the product C1 and the product C2 to obtain product D;
s2, preparing the fabric
Taking the adsorption type fiber 51 as a surface yarn, taking the breathable type fiber 52 as a bottom yarn, taking the slub fiber 53 as a connecting yarn, and hooking the surface yarn and the bottom yarn to form a fabric layer 5;
s3 preparation of hot melt adhesive
Taking polyether diol and MDI, and synthesizing a reactive moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive through bulk polymerization;
s4 lamination composite
Performing plasma treatment on the fabric layer 5 by using air containing a small amount of ozone; and (3) adopting a reactive moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive as an adhesive, and carrying out hot-melt lamination compounding on the product D and the fabric layer 5 through a compounding machine set to obtain a finished product. The production process of compounding after plasma treatment of air containing a small amount of ozone effectively improves the mechanical property of the compound fabric and avoids the undesirable phenomena of curling, deformation and the like generated after long-time storage of the TPU compound fabric.
When the hot melt adhesive is transferred to the film from the engraving roll, the hot melt adhesive is low in viscosity and high in fluidity, so that the wire drawing phenomenon is avoided, the transfer difficulty is reduced, the separation efficiency is improved, the waste is reduced, and the cost is reduced; when lamination compounding is carried out, the hot melt adhesive is low in fluidity and high in viscosity, compounding of the fabric and the film is guaranteed, the fabric and the film are instantly compounded together under certain pressure, the laminated fabric is prevented from being possibly separated after leaving a pressing point, glue penetration caused by the fact that the hot melt adhesive penetrates through the fabric is avoided, and appearance, hand feeling, bonding strength, washing resistance and the like are improved.
Finally, the finished product is subjected to ultraviolet light treatment, so that the composite firmness and durability are improved.
The water-absorbing layer 3 includes water-absorbing particles 31 distributed in a wave shape, and the water-absorbing particles 31 may be made of high molecular water-absorbing resin. The upper part of the water-absorbing particles 31 is wrapped with a flow guide layer 32 formed by antistatic fibers, and the flow guide layer 32 is provided with a straight-flow hole 33 and tree-shaped holes 34; the water-absorbing particles 31 are arranged in a wave-shaped distribution structure, so that the water-absorbing area is increased, the water-absorbing performance is improved, and the compactness and the water-absorbing effect of the water-absorbing particles 31 can be ensured even if the film is stretched and expanded. The antistatic fiber absorbs moisture in the environment to enable most of generated static electricity to leak, and a 'water film' is formed in a high-humidity environment constructed by matching water absorption of the water absorption particles 31 to increase the static electricity leakage amount; the tree-like hole 34 includes a main hole communicating with the water absorbing particle 31 at the lowest position, and branch holes communicating with the water absorbing particles 31 at both sides of the lowest position; the straight-flow hole 33 is communicated with the water absorbing particles 31 at the highest position; the water body that the layer 3 will absorb water will be infiltrated in to the straight-through hole 33 and the arborescent hole 34 that set up carries out effective drainage and reposition of redundant personnel, and make full use of absorbs water particle 31 adsorbs, improves the efficiency of absorbing water.
The lower part of the water-absorbing particles 31 is wrapped with an air-permeable layer 35 made of hydrophobic fibers, and the air-permeable layer 35 is provided with tapered holes 36 with small upper parts and large lower parts. The breathable layer 35 enables moisture to be freely discharged, and avoids the influence on the wearability caused by swelling and stuffiness inside.
The first adsorbent particles 41 and the second adsorbent particles 42 are nanoscale activated carbon particles, diatom mineral spheres, or fullerene C60. Effectively absorb bacteria, peculiar smell and the like penetrating through the PTU film, and inhibit the bacteria breeding in a humid environment after the water absorption layer 3 absorbs water. The first adsorbent particles 41 and the second adsorbent particles 42 may be made of the same material or different materials.
The adsorption type fibers 51 are formed by blending a plurality of cross-shaped section fibers 511 and Y-shaped section fibers 512, and the adsorption type fibers 51 are cotton fibers, so that the adsorption type fibers are large in specific surface area, strong in adsorption and good in skin-friendly property; the air-permeable fiber 52 is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers 521 with bean-shaped cross sections, an air flow gap 522 is formed between the adjacent hollow fibers 521, and the air-permeable fiber 52 is made of polyester fiber and has good shape retention. The sweat discharged from the human body is absorbed by the absorption fiber 51 through the air-permeable fiber 52 to keep the inside of the wearer dry, and the air-permeable fiber 52 is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers 521 with bean-shaped cross sections, so that the warmth retention property and the comfort property of the fabric are improved, and the fabric is not easy to deform.
The bamboo joint fiber 53 comprises a central fiber 531 and a coarse node 532 positioned on the central fiber 531, wherein the coarse node 532 is provided with a plurality of cavities 533 surrounding the central fiber 531, and the cavities 533 are filled with a plurality of antibacterial particles 534. The bunchy fiber 53 is used as a connecting yarn for hooking the surface yarn and the bottom yarn, so that a capillary channel between the yarn and the yarn is increased, the moisture absorption and drainage performance and the contact area between the antibacterial particles 534 and the environment are improved, the antibacterial capability is improved, the strength of the bunchy fiber 53 is also improved due to the arrangement of the arranged antibacterial particles 534, the structural stability of the fabric layer 5 is improved, and the yarn breakage and the yarn shedding are difficult.
The central fiber 531 comprises a plurality of flame retardant fibers 535 and bamboo fibers 536 which are distributed in parallel, and two polyethylene fibers 537 are alternately and crossly wound between the flame retardant fibers 535 and the bamboo fibers 536. The flame-retardant fiber 535 and the bamboo fiber 536 are matched to achieve good antibacterial, deodorant and flame-retardant effects, the polyethylene fiber 537 is wound outside the flame-retardant fiber 535 and the bamboo fiber 536 in a crossed manner, the strength of the central fiber 531 and the tightness of the internal flame-retardant fiber 535 and the bamboo fiber 536 are improved, and loose and untwisting of the fibers is prevented.
Externally, the outside air is subjected to double protection through the TPU film surface layer 1 and the TPU film bottom layer 2, so that the outside harmful microorganisms can be effectively isolated, the waterproof and moisture-permeable performance is good, and an effective protective barrier is established between a wearer and the environment; by arranging the first adsorption particles 41, the water absorption layer 3 and the second adsorption particles 42 between the TPU film surface layer 1 and the TPU film bottom layer 2, the filtered air can be effectively subjected to multiple adsorption, harmful substances such as peculiar smell and bacteria are removed, and the permeated water is absorbed, so that the waterproof performance is effectively improved;
in the interior, the fabric layer 5 is laminated on the bottom of the TPU film bottom layer 2 through hot melt adhesive, sweat generated by a human body is discharged onto the adsorption type fibers 51 through the breathable type fibers 52 by the fabric layer 5, stuffiness and heat feeling are avoided, the taking comfort is improved, and the structural stability and the physical and mechanical properties of the fabric layer 5 are improved due to the bamboo joint fibers 53; the adsorption fiber 51 can adsorb and isolate external pollution, and effectively absorb sweat generated by human body, thereby cleaning and drying skin.
Through the arrangement, the prepared composite knitted fabric has good waterproofness, air permeability, antibacterial property and antistatic property, and various performance indexes of the fabric are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Performance index of composite knitted Fabric
| Performance index | Measured value |
| Resistance to hydrostatic pressure | ≥1.67kPa |
| Moisture permeability | ≥2500g/m2·d |
| Against synthetic blood penetration | ≥1.75kPa |
| Surface moisture resistance | Grade not less than 3 |
| Elongation at break | ≥30％ |
| Breaking strength | ≥45N |
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of TPU film
a. Drying TPU particles containing polyether polyol, and staying in a dryer for 2-5h to obtain a product A;
b. preheating the charging barrel, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min;
c. opening the extruder, running at low speed, adding a small amount of product A, adding a normal amount of product A after normally extruding molten plastics, introducing compressed air from the core film, and leading the traction tube blank to a traction roller through a cooling air ring to form a smooth-surface microporous-free TPU film which is a product B;
d. dividing the product B into a TPU film surface layer (1) and a TPU film bottom layer (2), and coating first adsorption particles (41) on the TPU film surface layer (1) to obtain a product C1; coating second adsorption particles (42) on the TPU film bottom layer (2) to obtain a C2 product;
e. laminating a water absorbing layer (3) between the product C1 and the product C2 to obtain a product D;
s2, preparing the fabric
Taking the adsorption type fiber (51) as surface yarn, taking the breathable type fiber (52) as bottom yarn, taking the slub fiber (53) as connecting yarn, and hooking the surface yarn and the bottom yarn to form a fabric layer (5);
s3 preparation of hot melt adhesive
Taking polyether diol and MDI, and synthesizing a reactive moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive through bulk polymerization;
s4 lamination composite
And (3) adopting a reactive moisture-curing polyurethane hot melt adhesive as an adhesive, and carrying out hot melt lamination compounding on the product D and the fabric layer (5) through a compounding machine set to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for preparing the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water absorbing layer (3) comprises water absorbing particles (31) distributed in a wavy manner, the upper parts of the water absorbing particles (31) are wrapped with a flow guide layer (32) formed by antistatic fibers, and the flow guide layer (32) is provided with straight-flow holes (33) and tree-shaped holes (34); the lower part of the water absorption particles (31) is wrapped with a breathable layer (35) formed by hydrophobic fibers, and tapered holes (36) with small upper parts and large lower parts are arranged on the breathable layer (35).
3. The method for preparing the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing according to claim 2, characterized in that: the tree-shaped holes (34) comprise main holes communicated with the water absorbing particles (31) at the lowest position and branch holes communicated with the water absorbing particles (31) at two sides of the lowest position; the straight-flow hole (33) is communicated with the water absorbing particles (31) at the highest position.
4. The method for preparing the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first adsorption particles (41) and the second adsorption particles (42) adopt nano-scale activated carbon particles, diatom mineral spheres or fullerene C60.
5. The method for preparing the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adsorption type fibers (51) are formed by blending a plurality of cross-shaped section fibers (511) and Y-shaped section fibers (512); the air-permeable fiber (52) is composed of a plurality of hollow fibers (521) having bean-shaped cross sections, and an air flow gap (522) is formed between adjacent hollow fibers (521).
6. The method for preparing the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bamboo joint fiber (53) comprises a central fiber (531) and a coarse node (532) located on the central fiber (531), a plurality of cavities (533) surrounding the central fiber (531) are formed in the coarse node (532), and a plurality of antibacterial particles (534) are filled in the cavities (533).
7. The method for preparing the moisture permeable film laminated composite knitted fabric for protective clothing according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the central fiber (531) comprises a plurality of flame-retardant fibers (535) and bamboo fibers (536) which are distributed in parallel, and two polyethylene fibers (537) are inserted and crossly wound between the flame-retardant fibers (535) and the bamboo fibers (536).
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