CN114311863A - High-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extrusion polystyrene foam material which is divided into a surface layer and a core material, wherein the core material is mainly prepared by taking general polystyrene (GPPS), High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), an antioxidant, a foaming agent and the like as raw materials to perform extrusion granulation, and is finally co-extruded with the surface layer to form, the surface layer is divided into a material A and a material B, the material A is obtained by compounding polysulfone, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and a brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the material B is pure polysulfone resin. The obtained material surface layer and the core material have extremely strong binding capacity and no peeling phenomenon; the finally obtained composite material has excellent high temperature resistance, can be used in an environment of 150 ℃ without obvious change, and has a strong flame retardant function on the surface layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polystyrene foam materials, and particularly relates to a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wood-like material is a building material capable of realizing wood-like effect and aims to replace real wood so as to save forest resources. The wood-like materials can be divided into traditional wood-like materials and high-grade wood-like materials: the traditional wood-like material is made of multipurpose cement, the wood-like effect is formed by sealing or carving on the surface of the wood-like material, and only the external effect can be simulated; the high-grade wood-like material is prepared by adopting a modern plastic processing technology, can simulate the external decorative effect of real wood, and can also simulate the use performance, texture, even smell and the like of the real wood. Among the high-grade wood-like materials commonly used in the prior art, all-plastic foamed wood-like materials have become hot spots of research. Compared with the common plastic-wood material, the full-plastic foaming composite material has the advantages of excellent water resistance, mildew resistance, durability and the like,
at present, polystyrene products are mostly used as the full-plastic foaming composite material, and the styrene full-plastic foaming material has a closed-cell structure, small water absorption and excellent water resistance; the density is small, the mechanical strength is good, and the buffering performance is excellent; the processability is good, and the molding forming is easy; compared with the traditional generation wood-plastic products, the wood-plastic composite material has the characteristics of water resistance, insect prevention and the like, and is developed rapidly in recent years.
However, the surface of the full-plastic polystyrene foam material cannot be used in an environment with a high temperature, generally below 100 ℃, due to insufficient high-temperature resistance, and for example, when the full-plastic polystyrene foam material is used for an outdoor table top, the table top can generate marks due to the focusing under the sun, and the performance and the appearance are seriously influenced. In order to overcome the problem, CN108084625A is prepared from a special synthesized high-temperature resistant material, which can meet the requirement of high temperature resistance, but the product needs to use a large amount of high-temperature resistant material, which results in high cost and large difficulty in marketing promotion. Meanwhile, because the all-plastic foaming product is easy to burn and needs to meet the flame retardant requirement in the downstream popularization process, CN108084588A can meet the flame retardant requirement, but the cost is too high, and how to develop a product which is high temperature resistant, excellent in flame retardant property and low in cost is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention relates to a high-temperature-resistant co-extrusion polystyrene foam material and a preparation method thereof.
Specifically, the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant functions of the plastic-wood composite material are realized by adopting a double-layer co-extrusion mode, the co-extrusion wood composite material is divided into a surface layer and a core material, and the specially prepared high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric is mainly used as the double-layer co-extrusion fabric; the core material is mainly prepared by using General Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS), High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS), an antioxidant and a foaming agent as raw materials to perform extrusion granulation, and finally performing co-extrusion molding with a surface layer, wherein the high temperature resistant flame retardant surface layer is divided into a material A and a material B, the material A is obtained by compounding polysulfone, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and a brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the material B is pure polysulfone resin. Meanwhile, the bonding force between the surface layer and the core material is strong, and finally the polystyrene foam material with low cost, high temperature resistance and excellent flame retardant property on the surface is obtained, so that the polystyrene foam material has a wide marketization prospect.
A high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises a surface layer and a core material, wherein the core material is a polystyrene composition, the surface layer is a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric A material and a material B, the material A is obtained by compounding polysulfone, polystyrene, a flame retardant and the like, and the material B is polysulfone resin.
The core material of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
general Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) 60-70;
15-20 parts of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS);
5-10 parts of a reinforcing auxiliary agent;
0.5-1 of foaming agent;
0.5-1 part of antioxidant;
0.5-1 ultraviolet absorbent;
wherein, the reinforcing auxiliary agent preferably adopts rock wool fiber, glass fiber and general polystyrene (GPPS) according to the mass ratio of 0.1-0.2:0.08-0.12:1, the material is obtained by high-temperature melting, extruding and granulating through a double-screw extruder, and has the functions of high temperature resistance and mechanical enhancement; the foaming agent is preferably sodium carbonate; the ultraviolet light absorber is preferably UVP-327; the antioxidant is preferably 1010.
The surface layer of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material is a material A and a material B, and the using amount of the material A is 3-5% of that of the core material; the dosage of the material B is 7-10% of the material A. Wherein the material A is a compound of polysulfone resin, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the mass parts of the material A and the material A are respectively 70-80 parts of polysulfone resin; 5-10 parts of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS); 10-15 parts of high-molecular-weight brominated epoxy resin modifier; the material B is (pure) polysulfone resin.
The preparation method of the high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier comprises the steps of firstly physically and uniformly mixing a cross-linking agent of trimellitic anhydride and high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin according to the mass ratio of 0.5-0.8:15, and then carrying out extrusion, cross-linking modification and granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain the high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier. The preferable modification conditions are that the double-screw extrusion temperature is 265 ℃ and 270 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 200 ℃ and 250 rpm; the softening point temperature of the prepared modifier can reach 220-240 ℃. Wherein, the high molecular brominated epoxy resin is a product with high softening point (such as a product of the model EP-50K of Jiangsu Xingsheng chemical Co., Ltd.), the softening point of 148-160 ℃.
The preparation method of the surface layer (material A) of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises the following steps: the polysulfone resin, high impact-resistant polystyrene (HIPS) and high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier with the formula ratio are fully and uniformly mixed, and then are granulated by a double-screw extruder, wherein the double-screw extrusion temperature is 285-290 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 350-400 rpm.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises the following steps:
A. fully vacuum-drying the synthesized core material at 50-60 ℃ according to a formula, fully and uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixer, discharging into cold mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging to prepare a special premix;
B. adding the special premix for the core material into a parallel double-screw section extruder, extruding and molding to prepare a foamed polystyrene section, cooling by air cooling, and rolling by using a compression roller containing steel needles (preferably, the depth of needle holes is 5-10mm, the diameter of the needle holes is 2mm, and the distance between the needle holes is 5 cm);
C. sequentially passing the base material treated by the steel needle pressing roller in the B through a co-extrusion die with a section A of co-extrusion A fabric and a co-extrusion die with a section B of co-extrusion B fabric in a base material channel to respectively obtain two co-extrusion layers in turn, namely the co-extrusion layer A is arranged on the upper layer of the foamed polystyrene, and the co-extrusion layer B is arranged on the co-extrusion layer A (the preferable process conditions are that the temperature of the co-extrusion die in the section A is 285-290 ℃, the temperature of the co-extrusion die in the section B is 290-295 ℃, the temperature of the base material channel is 80-100 ℃, the speed of the base material in the channel is controlled to be 1.5-2 m/min, the screw rotating speeds of the co-extrusion dies in the sections A and B are 10-12rpm, and the pressure is 2-2.5 Mpa); and then cooling and forming by air cooling, and cutting at fixed length to obtain a finished product, thus obtaining the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material.
The technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) according to the invention, the high temperature resistance and flame retardance functions are realized by adopting a double-layer co-extrusion mode, the high temperature resistance and flame retardance of the fabric of the layer A are superior, and in order to better improve the high temperature resistance of partial components of the fabric of the layer A, the fabric of the layer B is sealed again, so that the high temperature resistance and flame retardance are really improved greatly; the composite material is prepared by adopting a special co-extrusion preparation process, so that high temperature resistance and flame retardance are realized, the dosage of expensive functional materials is small, and the cost is low;
(2) the special steel needle rolling process is adopted in the preparation process, the binding force between the surface layer and the core material is strong, the performances of long-time (128h) water vapor resistance and high-temperature boiling water resistance are excellent, and the stripping phenomenon is avoided; the obtained plastic-wood composite material has excellent high temperature resistance, has no obvious change when being used in the environment of 150 ℃/72h, and has stronger flame retardant function on the surface layer; finally, the polystyrene foam material with low cost, high surface temperature resistance and excellent flame retardant property is prepared.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The core material of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
general Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) 60;
high Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) 16;
a reinforcing aid 5;
0.5 of foaming agent;
0.5 of antioxidant;
0.5 of ultraviolet absorber;
wherein the foaming agent is sodium carbonate; the ultraviolet absorbent is UVP-327; the antioxidant is antioxidant 1010; the reinforcing additive is prepared by adopting rock wool fibers, glass fibers and general polystyrene according to the mass ratio of 0.15:0.1:1 and performing high-temperature melt extrusion granulation by a double-screw extruder.
The surface layer is divided into a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is a compound of polysulfone resin, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and a high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the mass parts of the material A and the material B are 72 parts of polysulfone resin respectively; 5 parts of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS); 10 parts of high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier; the using amount is 3% of the core material; the material B is pure polysulfone resin, and the dosage of the material B is 10 percent of that of the material A.
The preparation method of the high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier comprises the steps of firstly physically and uniformly mixing a cross-linking agent of trimellitic anhydride and high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin according to the mass ratio of 0.65:15, and then carrying out extrusion, cross-linking modification and granulation by a double-screw extruder to obtain the high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier. The modification conditions are that the double-screw extrusion temperature is 268 ℃ and the screw rotating speed is 225 rpm; the softening point temperature of the modifier can reach 230 ℃. Wherein the high molecular brominated epoxy resin is a high softening point product (a product of Jiangsu Xingsheng chemical industry Co., Ltd. type EP-50K);
the preparation method of the surface layer (material A) of the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises the following steps: the polysulfone resin, high impact-resistant polystyrene (HIPS) and high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier in the formula ratio are fully and uniformly mixed, and then are granulated by a double-screw extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature of the double screws is 288 ℃, and the rotation speed of the screws is 370 rpm.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material comprises the following steps:
A. fully vacuum-drying the synthesized core material at 55 ℃ according to a formula, fully and uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixer, discharging into cold mixing, cooling to room temperature, and discharging to prepare a special premix;
B. adding the special premix for the core material into a parallel double-screw section extruder, extruding and molding to prepare a foamed polystyrene section, cooling by air cooling, and then carrying out rolling treatment by using a compression roller containing steel needles (the depth of each needle hole is 8mm, the diameter of each needle hole is 2mm, and the distance between the needle holes is 5 cm);
C. the base material treated by the steel needle pressing roller in the B sequentially passes through a co-extrusion die with a section A of co-extrusion A fabric and a co-extrusion die with a section B of co-extrusion B fabric to respectively obtain two co-extrusion layers in sequence, namely the co-extrusion layer A is arranged on the upper layer of the foamed polystyrene, and the co-extrusion layer B is arranged on the co-extrusion layer A (the process conditions are that the temperature of a base material channel is 89 ℃, the speed of the base material in the channel is controlled to be 1.7 m/min, the temperature of the co-extrusion die with the section A is 288 ℃, the temperature of the co-extrusion die with the section B is 292 ℃, the rotating speed of a screw is 11rpm, and the pressure is 2.2 MPa); and then cooling and forming by air cooling, and cutting at fixed length to obtain a finished product, thus obtaining the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material.
Example 2
The core material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
general Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) 70;
high Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) 19;
a reinforcing aid 8;
a foaming agent 1;
0.9 of antioxidant;
an ultraviolet absorber 1;
the surface layer is divided into a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is a compound of polysulfone resin, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and a high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the mass parts of the material A, the material B and the material B are respectively 79 parts of polysulfone resin; 9 parts of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS); 15 parts of high-molecular-weight brominated epoxy resin modifier; the using amount is 5% of the core material; the material B is pure polysulfone resin, and the using amount of the material B is 8 percent of that of the material A.
Other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 3:
the core material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
general Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) 64;
high Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) 17;
a reinforcing aid 7;
0.8 parts of foaming agent;
0.8 of antioxidant;
0.8 parts of ultraviolet absorber;
the surface layer is divided into a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is a compound of polysulfone resin, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and a high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the mass parts of the material A and the material B are 75 parts of polysulfone resin respectively; 8 parts of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS); 15 parts of high-molecular-weight brominated epoxy resin modifier; the using amount is 5% of the core material; the material B is pure polysulfone resin, and the dosage of the material B is 10 percent of that of the material A.
Other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 4:
the core material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
general Purpose Polystyrene (GPPS) 68;
high Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) 14;
a reinforcing aid 7;
0.6 parts of foaming agent;
0.6 of antioxidant;
0.6 parts of ultraviolet absorber;
the surface layer is divided into a material A and a material B, wherein the material A is a compound of polysulfone resin, High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) and a high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the mass parts of the material A and the material B are 78 parts of polysulfone resin respectively; 10 parts of High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS); 12 parts of high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier; the using amount is 4% of the core material; the material B is pure polysulfone resin, and the using amount of the material B is 8 percent of that of the material A.
Other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1: the procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the substrate was not treated with a steel pin-press roll.
Detection indexes of the product are as follows:
the technical indexes of the invention are detected according to the standard of GB 17657-2013.
The oxygen index is tested by measuring the combustion behavior of the plastic according to the oxygen index method of GBT 2406.2-2009.
Examples and comparative examples (content re-perfecting data according to the conditions of the examples at the end of the work)
The embodiment shows that the invention adopts a double-layer co-extrusion mode, and the A layer and the B layer are sealed again, so that the high temperature resistance and the flame retardant property are really improved greatly; the composite material is prepared by adopting a special co-extrusion preparation process, so that the dosage of expensive functional materials is less, and the cost is lower. In addition, a special steel needle rolling process is adopted in the preparation process, so that the binding force between the surface layer and the core material is strong, the boiling water resistance is excellent, and the peeling phenomenon is avoided; the obtained plastic-wood composite material has excellent high temperature resistance, has no obvious change when being used in the environment of 150 ℃/72h, and has stronger flame retardant function on the surface layer.
Comparative example 1 a treatment in which a steel needle was not used to crush the substrate resulted in slight bubbling of the core material of the facing layer, and the binding force between the facing layer and the core material was slightly insufficient in the long-term poaching.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high temperature resistant and flame retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material is characterized in that: the flame-retardant fabric comprises a surface layer and a core material, wherein the core material is a polystyrene composition, the surface layer is a high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fabric A material and a material B, the material A is obtained by compounding polysulfone, polystyrene and a flame retardant, and the material B is polysulfone resin.
2. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
3. the high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reinforcing auxiliary agent is prepared from rock wool fibers, glass fibers and general-purpose polystyrene by performing high-temperature melt extrusion granulation on the rock wool fibers, the glass fibers and the general-purpose polystyrene in a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2:0.08-0.12:1 through a double-screw extruder.
4. The high temperature resistant and flame retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material as claimed in claims 1 to 3, wherein in the surface layer, the material A is a composite of polysulfone resin, high impact polystyrene and high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier, and the three materials are 70 to 80 parts by mass of polysulfone resin, 5 to 10 parts by mass of high impact polystyrene and 10 to 15 parts by mass of high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier; the material B is polysulfone resin.
5. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material of claim 1, wherein the using amount of the material A is 3-5% of that of the core material; the dosage of the material B is 7-10% of the material A.
6. The high temperature resistant, flame retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material of claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier comprises the following steps: according to the mass ratio of 0.5-0.8:15 of the cross-linking agent trimellitic anhydride to the high-molecular brominated epoxy resin, the cross-linking agent trimellitic anhydride and the high-molecular brominated epoxy resin are physically and uniformly mixed, and then are extruded, cross-linked, modified and granulated through a double-screw extruder to obtain the high-molecular brominated epoxy resin modified substance.
7. The high temperature resistant, flame retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material as claimed in claim 6, wherein the twin-screw extrusion temperature is 265-; the softening point temperature of the obtained modifier can reach 220-240 ℃.
8. The high-temperature-resistant flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material of claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the material A comprises the following steps: the polysulfone resin, the high impact-resistant polystyrene and the high molecular weight brominated epoxy resin modifier with the formula ratio are fully and uniformly mixed, and then are granulated by a double-screw extruder to obtain the high-impact-resistant polystyrene resin.
9. A method for preparing the high temperature resistant and flame retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps:
A. drying the synthesized core layer material in vacuum at 50-60 ℃ according to a formula, then uniformly mixing in a high-speed mixer, discharging into cold mixing, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and preparing into a special premix;
B. adding the special premix for the core layer into a parallel double-screw section extruder for extrusion molding to prepare a foamed polystyrene section, cooling, and then carrying out rolling treatment by using a compression roller containing steel needles;
C. sequentially passing the base material treated by the steel needle pressing roller in the B through a co-extrusion die with a section A of co-extrusion A fabric and a co-extrusion die with a section B of co-extrusion B fabric in a base material channel to respectively obtain two co-extrusion layers in turn, namely the co-extrusion layer A is on the upper layer of the foamed polystyrene, and the co-extrusion layer B is arranged on the co-extrusion layer A; and then cooling, forming and cutting at fixed length to obtain a finished product, thus obtaining the high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material.
10. The preparation method of the high temperature resistant and flame retardant co-extruded polystyrene foam material as claimed in claim 9, wherein the rolling treatment method of the press roller containing the steel needles in the step B preferably selects the depth of the needle holes to be 5-10mm, the diameter of the needle holes to be 2mm and the distance between the needle holes to be 5 cm; in the step C, regarding the co-extrusion of the section A and the section B, the preferable process conditions are as follows: the temperature of the co-extrusion die at the A section is 285-290 ℃, the temperature of the co-extrusion die at the B section is 290-295 ℃, the temperature of the channel of the base material is 80-100 ℃, the speed of the base material in the channel is controlled to be 1.5-2 m/min, the screw rotating speeds of the co-extrusion die at the A section and the co-extrusion die at the B section are both 10-12rpm, and the pressure is 2-2.5 Mpa.
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