CN114311669A - Six-axis 3D printer 3D turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial. The B-direction cradle type swinging assembly is fixed on a z-direction moving shaft of the 3D printer, and the rotating shaft of the B-direction cradle type swinging assembly is perpendicular to the installation plane. A U-shaped base is fixed in the middle of the B-direction cradle type swinging assembly, a C-direction steering engine is assembled and driven in the base, a metal main steering wheel is assembled at the output end of the C-direction steering engine, and the rotating shaft of the C-direction steering engine is perpendicular to the upper plane of the U-shaped base. A threaded hole coaxial with the C-direction steering engine is formed in the bottom of the multifunctional support, and the C-direction objective table rotating assembly is connected with the A-direction objective table swinging assembly through threaded connection. A-direction steering gears for driving the objective table to swing are fixed in the multifunctional support, the output ends of the A-direction steering gears are connected with a metal main steering wheel through threads, and the other ends of the A-direction steering gears are connected with bearings. The metal main rudder disk is connected with the transmission of the output motor of the U-shaped bracket through threads.

Description

Six-axis 3D printer 3D turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterials

technical field

The invention relates to a three-dimensional turntable and the technical field of additive manufacturing based on fused deposition modeling, in particular to a three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for manufacturing mechanical metamaterials.

Background technique

The 3D printing technology based on Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the traditional printing technologies in the field of 3D printing. Because the principle of layer-by-layer accumulation of molten printing materials is simple and easy to implement, it is widely used by equipment developers. And the user's welcome, can be applied to print a variety of complex physical models and handicrafts.

This provides new manufacturing ideas for the field of mechanical metamaterials, which are looking for ways to manufacture them in large quantities. Mechanical metamaterials can obtain extraordinary functions and physical properties that natural materials do not possess by designing special artificial structures and determining the key physical dimensions of materials. The extraordinary physical properties make the application prospect of metamaterials very broad, covering all aspects of industry, military, life and so on. The complex structures of mechanical metamaterials are time-consuming and labor-intensive to manufacture using traditional methods. Manufacturing with additive manufacturing is faster and easier. However, traditional additive manufacturing methods can only show great advantages when processing flat and vertical surfaces, and are still inconvenient when manufacturing curved and inclined surfaces.

At present, the FDM printers on the market use a two-axis and a half-axis molding process, that is, the X axis and the Y axis are linked, and the vertical axis Z is fed in stages. Such a forming device and process needs to add a large number of supports other than the workpiece when printing complex workpieces. Removing the supports not only consumes a lot of manpower, but also affects the quality of the workpiece. When a traditional 3-axis 3D printer prints a complex three-dimensional hollow structure, if no support is added, the model needs to be divided into several parts to be printed and assembled separately, which greatly limits the printing of complex structures. The market desperately needs a device that can be integrated and can print more flexibly, resulting in multi-axis 3D printers.

Most of the existing multi-axis 3D printers use multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arms to achieve multi-axis control, such as multi-axis 3D printers that connect the nozzle to the robotic arm. The disadvantage of this device is that when the nozzle is not parallel to the vertical axis Z, The printing material is easy to flow in the molten state, which affects the quality of the workpiece. Correspondingly, the manufacturing accuracy will also be greatly reduced. In addition, some domestic colleges and universities have installed the printing table on the multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm. This device has a better printing effect than the previous device from the perspective of liquid material flow, but the robotic arm itself is bulky, and generally It is said that large robotic arms are less accurate than small robotic arms. This disadvantage is especially pronounced when using large 3D printers to print large workpieces. On the other hand, a 3D turntable is more precise, more reliable, and smaller than a robotic arm.

Six-axis 3D printers are more flexible than five-axis 3D printers. The six-axis 3D printer can greatly avoid the interference problem between the nozzle and the material.

Mechanical metamaterials often have a hollow structure with complex curved surfaces, and the use of a multi-axis 3D printer can eliminate the need to add supports, greatly reducing the difficulty of printing and improving the success rate; on the other hand, the 3D printing method of the present invention does not add supports, so There is also no need to remove the supports, making the prints smoother and more beautiful.

Therefore, the six-axis 3D printer turntable device for the fabrication of mechanical metamaterials has broad application prospects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for additively manufacturing elastic wave metamaterials.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

Six-axis 3D printer 3D turntable set for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterials, including cradle base, U-shaped base, multi-function bracket, U-shaped bracket, stage, A-direction servo, B-direction servo and C-direction Steering gear, support plates are installed on the left and right ends of the cradle base, and a first metal main steering plate is fixed on the outer side of the top of one of the support plates, and the first metal main steering plate is connected with the output shaft of the B-direction steering gear. , the top of the other support plate is provided with a through hole, which is connected to the 3D printer through the through hole and the bearing;

The two ends of the U-shaped base are extended with extension plates, and the U-shaped base is buckled on the upper surface of the cradle base and fastened by the extension plates and screws; the upper surface of the top of the U-shaped base is installed with a multifunctional bracket , an A-direction steering gear is installed in the inner cavity of the multi-function bracket;

The U-shaped bracket is inverted on both sides of the multi-functional bracket, the ends of the two brackets of the U-shaped bracket are provided with coaxial holes, and the two sides of the multi-functional bracket are provided with through holes; There are bolt holes around the shaft hole, through which a second metal rudder plate is connected, and the second metal rudder plate is connected with the output shaft of the A-direction steering gear; the end of the other bracket of the U-shaped bracket is connected by a coaxial A cup-type bearing is installed in the hole; one side of the multi-function bracket is fixed with a card plate for clamping the A-direction steering gear; the top plate of the U-shaped bracket is fixed with a stage by bolts;

A third metal steering gear is arranged between the top of the U-shaped base and the bottom of the multifunctional support, the C-direction steering gear is arranged in the cavity formed between the cradle bases, and the output shaft of the C-direction steering gear is connected to the third metal steering gear. The metal steering gear is connected, and the third metal steering gear is fixedly connected with the multi-function bracket by screws;

The rotation axes of the A-direction steering gear, the B-direction steering gear, and the C-direction steering gear are perpendicular to each other.

Further, a rib plate for reinforcement is provided between the support plate and the cradle base.

Further, the stage is a circular structure, which is parallel to the plane of the cradle base, and the stage adopts an MK3 aluminum substrate heat bed.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects brought by the technical solution of the present invention are:

1. The present invention drives rotation in three directions through a digital steering gear. Compared with the analog steering gear, the control precision is higher, the linearity is better, and the response speed is faster. At the same time, the output angle of the steering gear can be locked with only one PWM pulse width. , no need to continuously send PWM pulse width. The steering gear is connected to the bracket through double ball bearings, which has higher durability and is beneficial to prolong the service life of the three-dimensional turntable.

2. The circular stage of the present invention adopts the MK3 aluminum substrate hot bed, which can prevent the printed parts from being separated from the workbench because the melted high-temperature consumables encounter the rapid cooling and shrinkage of the workbench during the printing process. The hot bed heats the workbench to increase the temperature and reduce the temperature difference of consumables.

3. Compared with the five-axis 3D printer, the six-axis 3D printer increases the degree of freedom and is more flexible. It can avoid the interference between the nozzle and the material, and complete the printing of complex hollow curved structures.

4. The present invention effectively solves the shortcomings of traditional 3D printers, such as excessive support, difficult to handle supporting materials, and inability to integrally form complex hollow curved structures, and has the advantages of high precision, strong reliability, and flexible printing. In the process of printing complex curved surfaces, traditional 3D printers require artificial design support, which is difficult and time-consuming. The processing after printing is not only time-consuming, but also likely to damage the workpiece during the dismantling process, reducing accuracy and production efficiency. . The six-axis 3D printer assembled on the workbench in this example can print mechanical metamaterials with complex structures without support, which greatly broadens the application range of 3D printers in the field of manufacturing mechanical metamaterials. At the same time, the process steps of traditional printing design and removal of supporting materials are reduced, and the printing difficulty is reduced. Compared with the five-axis 3D printer and the three-axis 3D printer, the present invention improves reliability, greatly improves production efficiency, and improves economic benefits.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for manufacturing mechanical metamaterials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bottom-view structure of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a structure of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a right side view of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-stage, 2-support plate, 3-support plate, 4-bolt, 5-U-type bracket, 6-multi-function bracket, 7-cup bearing, 8-A direction steering gear, 9 -C steering gear, 10-metal main steering wheel, 11-metal main steering wheel, 12-U-shaped base, 13-cradle base, 14-B steering gear, 15-metal main steering wheel, 16-bolt

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" as used herein can include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise. It should be further understood that the word "comprising" used in the description of the present invention refers to the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, Integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when we refer to an element as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Furthermore, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in the general dictionary should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and, unless defined as herein, are not to be taken in an idealized or overly formal sense. explain.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will take several specific embodiments as examples for further explanation and description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and each embodiment does not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for manufacturing elastic wave metamaterials, the printed part is on the plane of the stage 1. The stage is fixed on the upper mounting surface of the U-shaped bracket 5 through three bolts 4 .

The A-direction steering gear 8 is installed in the inner cavity of the multi-function bracket 6, and a metal main steering wheel 10 is sleeved at the output end of the A-direction steering gear 8, and the A-direction steering gear 8 and the metal main steering wheel 10 are connected by internal and external threads. Specifically, the ends of the two brackets of the U-shaped bracket 5 are provided with coaxial holes, and four threaded through holes of equal size are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the coaxial holes. The four threaded through holes at one end of the bracket 5 are aligned and fixed by screws. A cup bearing 7 is installed in another coaxial hole of the U-shaped bracket 5 and the hole of the multifunctional bracket 6 coaxial with it, and the bolt passes through the cup bearing 7 to act as a shaft to fix the axial position of the bearing. Four bolts are fixed on the other side of the multi-function bracket 6 to clamp the A-direction steering gear to ensure that the A-direction steering gear 8 does not shift. With this mechanism, the motion energy of the steering gear 8 in the direction A is transmitted to the U-shaped bracket 5, and then transmitted to the stage 1 to complete the assembly of the rotation pair in the direction A direction.

The C-direction steering gear 9 is fixed in the lower cavity of the U-shaped base 12 by 4 screws, and the output end of the C-direction steering gear passes upward through the through hole in the middle of the U-shaped base 12 that is coaxial with the C-direction rotating pair, and then is inserted into the The metal main rudder plate 11 is made so that the lower end surface of the metal main rudder plate 11 and the outer upper end surface of the U-shaped base 12 are coplanar. The drive shaft of the C-direction steering gear 9 is a hollow shaft with splines on the outside and threads on the inside. The metal main rudder plate 11 is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and through the cooperation of the splines, the rotational motion can be accurately transmitted. Then screw the screw into the hollow transmission shaft, and the screw head fixes the position of the metal main rudder plate 11 in the axial direction, so as to ensure that the metal main rudder plate does not move away from the phenomenon. The multi-function bracket 6 and the output end of the C-direction steering gear 9 have a coaxial hole, and four equal-sized threaded holes are evenly distributed around the hole. Use screws to align the four threaded through holes of the multi-function bracket 6 with the four threaded holes evenly distributed on the metal main rudder plate 11. By fixing the screws, the motion of the steering gear can be transmitted to the multi-function bracket, and the C direction can be completed. Assembly of the rotating pair. The secondary axis of rotation of C direction is perpendicular to the secondary axis of rotation of A direction.

The four lower through holes of the U-shaped base 12 are connected with the four through holes in the middle of the cradle base 13 through M3×8 bolts 16 , and are fixed on the upper plane of the cradle base 13 . The same support plates 2 and 3 are respectively installed on both sides of the cradle base. The two support plates are vertically connected with the upper plane of the cradle base 13, and are provided with reinforcing ribs. The upper part of each support plate is provided with a coaxial through hole, and four equal-sized threaded holes are evenly distributed around the right through hole. The relative position in the circumferential direction of the hollow shaft at the output end of the steering gear 14 and the metal main rudder disc 15 is determined by external splines. The hollow shaft has threads inside, and a screw is screwed in to fix the axial position of the metal main rudder disc. The metal main rudder plate 15 and the four holes of the support plate 2 are connected and fixed by screws. The B-direction steering gear 14 is installed on the outside of the cradle mechanism, which is convenient to install on the z-axis of an ordinary 3D printer. The through hole on the support plate 3 is connected to the z-axis of the 3D printer through a bearing. Complete the assembly of the B-direction rotating pair. The axis of the B-direction rotating pair is perpendicular to the C-direction rotating pair axis.

The above together constitute the B-direction cradle-type swing component, the C-direction stage rotation component and the A-direction stage swing component; the B-direction cradle-type swing component is fixed on the z-direction motion axis of the 3D printer, and the B-direction cradle-type swing component The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the mounting plane. Both the C-direction stage rotation assembly and the A-direction stage swing assembly are arranged on the cradle base of the B-direction cradle-type swing assembly, and the C-direction stage rotation assembly is connected with the A-direction stage swing assembly to realize the stage The A, B, C three-axis rotary motion.

To sum up, the device of the embodiment of the present invention can be assembled on a conventional 3D printer, which broadens the application range of the conventional printer. By adding three rotating pairs, the flexibility of the 3D printer is greatly improved, which is conducive to processing more complex shapes. The mechanical metamaterials, such as hollow structures with complex curved surfaces, do not require support and are integrally formed, which greatly reduces the difficulty of printing, reduces the step of removing the workpiece support, saves work time and improves work efficiency. It greatly reduces the surface roughness of the workpiece and increases the accuracy of the workpiece. Strong stability and reliability. The configuration of the device of the present invention is applicable to various forms of 3D printers and is easy to assemble. The device is simple in structure and small in size, mainly adopts standard parts, is easy to purchase and assemble, and the cost is obviously lower than that of the electronic control device.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the accompanying drawing is only a schematic diagram of an embodiment, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawing are not necessarily necessary to implement the present invention.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the various embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiments for related parts. The device and system embodiments described above are only illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, It can be located in one place, or it can be distributed over multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative effort.

Claims (3)

1. A three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterials, characterized in that it comprises a cradle base, a U-shaped base, a multifunctional support, a U-shaped support, a stage, and an A-direction steering gear , B-direction steering gear and C-direction steering gear, support plates are installed on the left and right ends of the cradle base, and a first metal main rudder plate is fixed on the outer side of the top of one of the support plates, and the first metal main rudder plate and B is connected to the output shaft of the steering gear, and the top of the other support plate is provided with a through hole, which is connected to the 3D printer through the through hole and the bearing; The two ends of the U-shaped base are extended with extension plates, and the U-shaped base is buckled on the upper surface of the cradle base and fastened by the extension plates and screws; the upper surface of the top of the U-shaped base is installed with a multifunctional bracket , an A-direction steering gear is installed in the inner cavity of the multi-function bracket; The U-shaped bracket is inverted on both sides of the multi-functional bracket, the ends of the two brackets of the U-shaped bracket are provided with coaxial holes, and the two sides of the multi-functional bracket are provided with through holes; There are bolt holes around the shaft hole, through which a second metal rudder plate is connected, and the second metal rudder plate is connected with the output shaft of the A-direction steering gear; the end of the other bracket of the U-shaped bracket is connected by a coaxial A cup-type bearing is installed in the hole; one side of the multi-function bracket is fixed with a card plate for clamping the A-direction steering gear; the top plate of the U-shaped bracket is fixed with a stage by bolts; A third metal steering gear is arranged between the top of the U-shaped base and the bottom of the multifunctional support, the C-direction steering gear is arranged in the cavity formed between the cradle bases, and the output of the U-shaped base and the C-direction steering gear The shaft is connected with the third metal steering gear, and the third metal steering gear is fixedly connected with the multi-function bracket by screws; The rotation axes of the A-direction steering gear, the B-direction steering gear, and the C-direction steering gear are perpendicular to each other. 2 . The three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterials according to claim 1 , wherein a rib for reinforcement is provided between the support plate and the cradle base. 3 . 3. The three-dimensional turntable device for a six-axis 3D printer for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterials according to claim 1, wherein the stage is a circular structure, parallel to the plane of the cradle base, and the stage Using MK3 aluminum substrate hot bed.

Images