CN114311669A - Six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial - Google Patents

Six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114311669A
CN114311669A CN202210017655.4A CN202210017655A CN114311669A CN 114311669 A CN114311669 A CN 114311669A CN 202210017655 A CN202210017655 A CN 202210017655A CN 114311669 A CN114311669 A CN 114311669A
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steering engine
support
shaped
printer
multifunctional
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CN202210017655.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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王毅泽
张加
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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Priority to CN202210017655.4A priority Critical patent/CN114311669A/en
Publication of CN114311669A publication Critical patent/CN114311669A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial. The B-direction cradle type swinging assembly is fixed on a z-direction moving shaft of the 3D printer, and the rotating shaft of the B-direction cradle type swinging assembly is perpendicular to the installation plane. A U-shaped base is fixed in the middle of the B-direction cradle type swinging assembly, a C-direction steering engine is assembled and driven in the base, a metal main steering wheel is assembled at the output end of the C-direction steering engine, and the rotating shaft of the C-direction steering engine is perpendicular to the upper plane of the U-shaped base. A threaded hole coaxial with the C-direction steering engine is formed in the bottom of the multifunctional support, and the C-direction objective table rotating assembly is connected with the A-direction objective table swinging assembly through threaded connection. A-direction steering gears for driving the objective table to swing are fixed in the multifunctional support, the output ends of the A-direction steering gears are connected with a metal main steering wheel through threads, and the other ends of the A-direction steering gears are connected with bearings. The metal main rudder disk is connected with the transmission of the output motor of the U-shaped bracket through threads.

Description

Six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional turntable and the technical field of additive manufacturing based on fused deposition modeling, in particular to a three-dimensional turntable device of a six-axis 3D printer for manufacturing mechanical metamaterials.
Background
The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) -based 3D printing technology is one of the traditional printing technologies in the 3D printing field, and the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) -based 3D printing technology is popular with numerous device developers and users because the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) -based 3D printing technology is simple and easy to implement in the principle of layer-by-layer stacking and molding of printing materials in a molten state, and can be applied to printing of various complex physical models and artware.
This provides a new manufacturing concept for the field of mechanical metamaterials where mass production is being sought. The mechanical metamaterial obtains extraordinary functions and physical properties which natural materials do not have by designing a special artificial structure and determining key physical dimensions of the material. Due to the supernormal physical characteristics, the metamaterial has wide application prospect and covers various aspects of industry, military, life and the like. The complex structure of the mechanics metamaterial is time-consuming, labor-consuming and quite complex when produced and manufactured by using the traditional method. The manufacturing is more rapid and convenient by using additive manufacturing. However, the traditional additive manufacturing method can only show great advantages when processing a plane and a vertical plane, and is still inconvenient when manufacturing a curved surface and a bevel.
The FDM printer in the market at present adopts a two-axis and one-half molding process, namely X-axis and Y-axis linkage, and a vertical axis Z is used for feeding in stages. The forming device and the forming process need to add a large amount of supports except for the workpieces when the complex workpieces are printed, and the removal of the supports not only consumes a large amount of manpower but also affects the quality of the workpieces. When the traditional 3D printer with 3 shafts is used for printing a complex three-dimensional hollow structure, if no support is added, the model needs to be split into a plurality of parts to be printed and assembled respectively, and the printing of the complex structure is greatly limited. There is an urgent need in the market for a device that can be integrally formed and can print more flexibly, thereby creating a multi-axis 3D printer.
Most of existing multi-axis 3D printers utilize multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arms to realize multi-axis control, for example, a spray head is connected to the multi-axis 3D printer on the mechanical arm, and the defect of the device is that when the spray head is not parallel to a vertical axis Z, printing materials easily flow in a molten state to influence the quality of workpieces, and accordingly, the manufacturing precision can also be greatly reduced. In addition, in colleges and universities, the printing workbench is installed on the multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the printing effect of the device is better than that of the former device in terms of liquid material flowing, but the size of the mechanical arm is large, and generally, the precision of a large mechanical arm is lower than that of a small mechanical arm. This disadvantage is particularly pronounced when large workpieces are printed using large 3D printers. On the other hand, the three-dimensional rotary table is higher in precision, higher in reliability and smaller in size than the mechanical arm.
Six axle 3D printers compare in five 3D printers more nimble. The interference problem of shower nozzle and material can greatly be avoided to six axle 3D printers.
The mechanical metamaterial often has a hollow structure with a complex curved surface, and the multi-axis 3D printer can be used without adding a support, so that the printing difficulty is greatly reduced, and the success rate is improved; on the other hand, the 3D printing method of the invention does not need to remove the support because the support is not added, so that the printed product is smoother and more beautiful.
Therefore, the six-axis 3D printer turntable device applied to manufacturing of mechanical metamaterials has wide application prospects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for manufacturing elastic wave metamaterial in an additive mode.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial comprises a cradle base, a U-shaped base, a multifunctional support, a U-shaped support, an object stage, an A-direction steering engine, a B-direction steering engine and a C-direction steering engine, wherein support plates are arranged at the left end and the right end of the cradle base respectively, a first metal main steering wheel is fixed on the outer side of the top end of one support plate and connected with an output shaft of the B-direction steering engine, and a through hole is formed in the top of the other support plate and connected with a 3D printer through the through hole and a bearing;
the two ends of the U-shaped base are provided with extension plates in an extending way, and the U-shaped base is arranged on the upper surface of the cradle base in a reversely buckled way and is fastened through the extension plates and screws; the upper surface of the top of the U-shaped base is provided with a multifunctional bracket, and an A-direction steering engine is arranged in an inner cavity of the multifunctional bracket;
the U-shaped supports are arranged on two sides of the multifunctional support in an inverted buckling mode, the tail ends of the two supports of the U-shaped supports are provided with coaxial holes, and through holes are formed in two sides of the multifunctional support; bolt holes are formed in the periphery of a coaxial hole at the tail end of one of the U-shaped supports, a second metal steering wheel is connected through the bolt holes, and the second metal steering wheel is connected with an output shaft of the steering engine in the direction A; the tail end of the other support of the U-shaped support is provided with a cup-shaped bearing through a coaxial hole; a clamping plate for clamping the steering engine in the direction A is fixed on one side of the multifunctional support; an objective table is fixed on the top flat plate of the U-shaped bracket through a bolt;
a third metal steering engine is arranged between the top of the U-shaped base and the bottom of the multifunctional support, a C-direction steering engine is arranged in a cavity formed between the cradle bases, an output shaft of the C-direction steering engine is connected with the third metal steering engine, and the third metal steering engine is fixedly connected with the multifunctional support through screws;
and the axes of the rotation pairs of the A-direction steering engine, the B-direction steering engine and the C-direction steering engine are mutually vertical.
Furthermore, a ribbed plate for reinforcement is arranged between the support plate and the cradle base.
Furthermore, the objective table is of a circular structure and is parallel to the plane of the cradle base, and an MK3 aluminum substrate hot bed is adopted for the objective table.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the digital steering engine drives the rotation in three directions, and compared with an analog steering engine, the digital steering engine has higher control precision, better linearity and higher response speed, and meanwhile, the output angle of the steering engine can be locked only by once PWM pulse width without continuously sending the PWM pulse width. The steering wheel is connected with the support through the double-ball bearing, so that the durability is higher, and the service life of the three-dimensional turntable can be prolonged.
2. According to the circular object stage, the MK3 aluminum substrate hot bed is adopted, so that the situation that a printed material is separated from a workbench due to shape change caused by rapid cooling and shrinkage of melted high-temperature consumables when the printed material is subjected to printing can be prevented. The hot bed heats the work bench, promotes the temperature, reduces the consumptive material difference in temperature.
3. Six axle 3D printers compare in five axle 3D printers, increase the degree of freedom, and is more nimble, can avoid the interference problem of shower nozzle and material, accomplishes the printing of complicated hollow curved surface structure.
4. The invention effectively overcomes the defects of excessive support, difficult processing of support materials, incapability of integrally forming a complex hollow curved surface structure and the like of the traditional 3D printer, and has the advantages of high precision, strong reliability, flexible printing and the like. In the printing process of complicated curved surface, traditional 3D printer needs the artificial design to support, and the degree of difficulty is high and consuming time for a long time, and the processing of making after printing the completion is not only consuming time, also probably destroys the work piece in the removal process, reduces precision and production efficiency. The six-axis 3D printer assembled by the workbench can print mechanical metamaterials with complex structures without adopting supports, and the application range of the 3D printer in the field of manufacturing the mechanical metamaterials is greatly widened. Meanwhile, the process steps of traditional printing design and removing of supporting materials are reduced, the printing difficulty is reduced, and compared with a five-axis 3D printer and a three-axis 3D printer, the three-axis printing method improves the reliability, greatly improves the production efficiency and improves the economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional turntable device of a six-axis 3D printer for manufacturing mechanical metamaterials according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom view of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic right-view structural diagram of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of a three-dimensional turntable device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-objective table, 2-support plate, 3-support plate, 4-bolt, 5-U-shaped support, 6-multifunctional support, 7-cup-shaped bearing, 8-A directional steering engine, 9-C directional steering engine, 10-metal main steering wheel, 11-metal main steering wheel, 12-U-shaped base, 13-cradle base, 14-B directional steering engine, 15-metal main steering wheel and 16-bolt
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a three-dimensional turntable device of a six-axis 3D printer for manufacturing an elastic wave metamaterial, a print is on the plane of a stage 1. The objective table is fixed on the upper mounting surface of the U-shaped bracket 5 through three bolts 4.
The A-direction steering engine 8 is installed in the inner cavity of the multifunctional support 6, a metal main steering wheel 10 is sleeved at the output end of the A-direction steering engine 8, and the A-direction steering engine 8 is connected with the metal main steering wheel 10 through internal and external threads. Particularly, two support ends of the U-shaped support 5 are provided with coaxial holes, four equal-size thread through holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the coaxial holes, four thread through holes uniformly distributed on the metal main rudder disk 10 are aligned with the four thread through holes at one end of the U-shaped support 5 through screws, and the four thread through holes are fixed through the screws. A cup bearing 7 is arranged in the other coaxial hole of the U-shaped bracket 5 and the hole of the multifunctional bracket 6 coaxial with the same, and a bolt penetrates through the cup bearing 7 to serve as a shaft to fix the axial position of the bearing. And four bolts are fixed on the other side of the multifunctional support 6 and used for clamping the steering engine in the direction A and ensuring that the steering engine in the direction A does not shift. By the mechanism, the motion energy of the steering engine 8 from direction A is transmitted to the U-shaped bracket 5 and then transmitted to the objective table 1, and the assembly of the rotation pair from direction A is completed.
The C-direction steering engine 9 is fixed in a lower cavity of the U-shaped base 12 through 4 screws, and the output end of the C-direction steering engine upwards penetrates through a through hole in the middle of the U-shaped base 12 and coaxial with the C-direction revolute pair and then is sleeved into the metal main steering wheel 11, so that the lower end face of the metal main steering wheel 11 is coplanar with the outer upper end face of the U-shaped base 12. The transmission shaft of the C-direction steering engine 9 is a hollow shaft, splines are arranged on the outer portion of the transmission shaft, and threads are arranged on the inner portion of the transmission shaft. The metal main rudder disk 11 is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and can accurately transmit the rotation motion through the matching of the splines. Then screws are screwed into the hollow transmission shaft, and the screw head fixes the position of the metal main rudder disk 11 in the axial direction, so that the phenomenon that the metal main rudder disk does not move and is separated is ensured. The multifunctional support 6 and the output end of the C-direction steering engine 9 are provided with a coaxial hole, and four equal-size threaded holes are uniformly distributed around the coaxial hole. Four threaded through holes of the multifunctional support 6 are aligned with four threaded holes uniformly distributed on the metal main steering wheel 11 through screws, and the movement of the steering wheel can be transmitted to the multifunctional support through the screw fixation, so that the assembly of the C-direction revolute pair is completed. The axis of the C-direction revolute pair is vertical to the axis of the A-direction revolute pair.
The four lower through holes of the U-shaped base 12 are connected with the four through holes in the middle of the cradle base 13 through M3X 8 bolts 16 and fixed on the upper plane of the cradle base 13. The two sides of the cradle base are respectively provided with a supporting plate 2 and a supporting plate 3 which are the same. The two support plates are vertically connected with the upper plane of the cradle base 13 and are provided with reinforcing rib plates. Four equal-size threaded holes are uniformly distributed around the through hole on the right side of the coaxial through hole on the upper part of each support plate. The circumferential relative position of the hollow shaft at the output end of the B-direction steering engine 14 and the metal main steering wheel 15 is determined through an external spline, threads are arranged in the hollow shaft, a screw is screwed in the hollow shaft, and the axial position of the metal main steering wheel is fixed. The metal main rudder plate 15 is fixedly connected with the four holes of the support plate 2 through screws. The B-direction steering engine 14 is arranged on the outer side of the cradle mechanism and is conveniently arranged on the z axis of the common 3D printer. The through hole on the extension board 3 passes through the bearing and links to each other with 3D printer z axle. And finishing the assembly of the B-direction rotating pair. The axis of the B-direction rotating pair is vertical to the axis of the C-direction rotating pair.
The B-direction cradle type swinging component, the C-direction objective table rotating component and the A-direction objective table swinging component are formed together; the B-direction cradle type swinging assembly is fixed on a z-direction moving shaft of the 3D printer, and the rotating shaft of the B-direction cradle type swinging assembly is perpendicular to the installation plane. C all sets up on B to the cradle base of cradle formula swing subassembly to objective table rotating assembly and A to objective table swing subassembly, and C links to each other with A to objective table swing subassembly to objective table rotating assembly, realizes the A, B, C triaxial rotary motion of objective table.
In conclusion, the device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be assembled on a conventional 3D printer, the application range of the conventional printer is widened, the flexibility of the 3D printer is greatly improved by adding three revolute pairs, the device is beneficial to processing more mechanical metamaterials with complex shapes, such as a hollow structure with a complex curved surface, the mechanical metamaterials do not need to be supported and are integrally formed, the printing difficulty is greatly reduced, the step of removing workpiece support is reduced, the working time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved. Greatly reduces the surface roughness of the workpiece and increases the precision of the workpiece. The stability and the reliability are strong. The configuration of the device of the invention can be suitable for 3D printers in various forms, and is easy to assemble. The device has simple structure and small volume, mainly adopts standard parts, is easy to purchase and assemble, and has lower cost than an electric control device.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Claims (3)

1. A six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial is characterized by comprising a cradle base, a U-shaped base, a multifunctional support, a U-shaped support, an object stage, an A-direction steering engine, a B-direction steering engine and a C-direction steering engine, wherein support plates are arranged at the left end and the right end of the cradle base respectively, a first metal main steering wheel is fixed on the outer side of the top end of one support plate and connected with an output shaft of the B-direction steering engine, and a through hole is formed in the top of the other support plate and connected with a 3D printer through the through hole and a bearing;
the two ends of the U-shaped base are provided with extension plates in an extending way, and the U-shaped base is arranged on the upper surface of the cradle base in a reversely buckled way and is fastened through the extension plates and screws; the upper surface of the top of the U-shaped base is provided with a multifunctional bracket, and an A-direction steering engine is arranged in an inner cavity of the multifunctional bracket;
the U-shaped supports are arranged on two sides of the multifunctional support in an inverted buckling mode, the tail ends of the two supports of the U-shaped supports are provided with coaxial holes, and through holes are formed in two sides of the multifunctional support; bolt holes are formed in the periphery of a coaxial hole at the tail end of one of the U-shaped supports, a second metal steering wheel is connected through the bolt holes, and the second metal steering wheel is connected with an output shaft of the steering engine in the direction A; the tail end of the other support of the U-shaped support is provided with a cup-shaped bearing through a coaxial hole; a clamping plate for clamping the steering engine in the direction A is fixed on one side of the multifunctional support; an objective table is fixed on the top flat plate of the U-shaped bracket through a bolt;
a third metal steering engine is arranged between the top of the U-shaped base and the bottom of the multifunctional support, the C-direction steering engine is arranged in a cavity formed between the cradle bases, the U-shaped base and an output shaft of the C-direction steering engine are connected with the third metal steering engine, and the third metal steering engine is fixedly connected with the multifunctional support through screws;
and the axes of the rotation pairs of the A-direction steering engine, the B-direction steering engine and the C-direction steering engine are mutually vertical.
2. The six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for the additive manufacturing of the elastic wave metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein a rib plate for reinforcement is arranged between the support plate and the cradle base.
3. The six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for the additive manufacturing of the elastic wave metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the object stage is of a circular structure and is parallel to the plane of the cradle base, and the object stage is made of an MK3 aluminum substrate hot bed.
CN202210017655.4A 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial Pending CN114311669A (en)

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CN202210017655.4A CN114311669A (en) 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210017655.4A CN114311669A (en) 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Six-axis 3D printer three-dimensional turntable device for additive manufacturing of elastic wave metamaterial

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105388839A (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-03-09 上海纬而视科技股份有限公司 Reserve type full-electric machinery six-axis adjusting platform
CN208853704U (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-05-14 广东华领智能制造有限公司 A kind of five axis hott bed of cradle-type for increasing material manufacturing
CN208992665U (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-06-18 贵州精工利鹏科技有限公司 A kind of complete three-dimensional automatic rotation fitter's bench
CN209063569U (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-07-05 东莞职业技术学院 A kind of 3D printer dual-axis swing formula workbench

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105388839A (en) * 2015-12-07 2016-03-09 上海纬而视科技股份有限公司 Reserve type full-electric machinery six-axis adjusting platform
CN209063569U (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-07-05 东莞职业技术学院 A kind of 3D printer dual-axis swing formula workbench
CN208992665U (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-06-18 贵州精工利鹏科技有限公司 A kind of complete three-dimensional automatic rotation fitter's bench
CN208853704U (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-05-14 广东华领智能制造有限公司 A kind of five axis hott bed of cradle-type for increasing material manufacturing

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