CN114309550A - Device and method for casting integral fine grains based on local area temperature adjustable system - Google Patents
Device and method for casting integral fine grains based on local area temperature adjustable system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309550A CN114309550A CN202111677487.3A CN202111677487A CN114309550A CN 114309550 A CN114309550 A CN 114309550A CN 202111677487 A CN202111677487 A CN 202111677487A CN 114309550 A CN114309550 A CN 114309550A
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for casting integral fine grains based on a local area temperature adjustable system, wherein an alloy smelting coil is arranged on the periphery of a crucible, a mould shell is arranged on a rotary platform, a heating device is arranged above the mould shell, an induction coil is arranged on the outer side of the heating device, an alloy ingot is remelted into an alloy melt in the crucible, the mould shell is lifted into the heating device through the rotary platform, the remelted alloy melt is poured into the mould shell, and the upper part of the mould shell is heated through a riser heating component. The invention completes the solidification of the casting under the conditions of heating atmosphere and external power stirring, can ensure that fine and uniform crystal grains are formed in the hub, the wheel rim and partial blade area of the casting, and realizes the purpose of integral fine-grain casting; according to the invention, by arranging the riser heating assembly, the time for keeping the alloy melt in the riser area in the refractory material mould shell in a liquid state can be effectively prolonged, the riser feeding function is enhanced, a smaller riser size can be selected during process design, and the casting yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to and belongs to the fine grain casting vacuum precision casting field, mainly applied to the production of fine grain castings for aerospace engines, gas turbines and locomotive internal combustion engines; in particular to a device and a method for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature adjustable system.
Background
The severe working conditions of aerospace engines, gas turbines and locomotive internal combustion engines are easy to cause the turbines to have low-cycle fatigue under the comprehensive action of high-temperature thermal stress and mechanical stress. The hub area of the turbine is relatively thick and large, coarse grains (about 5-18 mm) are easily generated, and the blades form fine isometric crystals. Such a grain structure is liable to cause the impeller to crack in a high stress region, the cracks being caused by the action of low cycle fatigue caused by thermal and mechanical stresses, the sensitive zone of cracks being fatigue cracks in the central region of the disk and in the root of the blade and in the hub region where it is sensitive to stresses; in order to improve the low cycle fatigue life of the cast integral turbine, in recent years, a fine grain casting technology is widely adopted abroad to ensure that fine and uniform equiaxial grains are obtained in a hub area; fine grain casting processes generally fall into three broad categories: thermal, mechanical and chemical methods; in the several fine-grain casting technique methods, the chemical method is easy to cause casting inclusion; the electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic methods are complex and expensive in equipment for realizing the method in a vacuum furnace, the thermal control method has strict requirements on the control of the shell temperature and the casting temperature, and impurities are easily involved in the casting process, so that the mechanical method is most widely applied. The earliest developed and most applied mechanical method is the GX method of Howmet company in America, which is to make molten metal in a mold generate strong stirring in the solidification process to break solidified dendritic crystals to refine grains by rotating the mold at high speed; the method is particularly suitable for casting bodies of revolution, the U.S. Howmet company successfully manufactures the integral turbine of high-temperature alloy such as MAR-M247, IN718 and the like by using the method, the low-cycle fatigue life of the turbine is prolonged by 2-3 times, and Germany and France also adopt fine-grain cast integral turbines IN novel aircraft engines.
The paper published in the journal of material engineering by Tangxin and the like indicates that the crystal grains of the turbine disc castings produced by the dynamic method can be far finer than those of the common casting method and even the thermal control method, but the blade and the rim areas of the castings produced by the dynamic method and the thermal control method are not obviously thinned, and typical columnar crystals appear; the US3614976 patent proposes that the rotating dynamic method can effectively refine the crystal grains in the hub area of the turbine disc casting, but cannot effectively refine the crystal grains in the blade and rim areas, and even can grow a large number of coarse columnar crystals, so that the conventional fine grain casting method can effectively refine the crystal grains in extremely thick and large casting areas, but cannot refine the crystal grains in non-thick and large areas.
With the continuous improvement of the use requirement, the whole wheel disc is required to have uniform and fine grain structure, and the conventional grain refining method cannot meet the requirement at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a device and a method for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature adjustable system so as to obtain a precision casting turbine disc casting with high yield and integral uniform fine grains; the method comprises the steps of firstly keeping a ceramic mould shell at a surrounding preheating temperature in an induction heating mode, then carrying out pouring, starting a riser heating assembly after the pouring is finished, driving the mould shell to integrally rotate through a rotating platform, then reducing the temperature of a heating body according to a set speed, controlling a casting to gradually solidify, and finally closing a riser heating device to finish the casting.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for bulk fine grain casting based on a local area temperature tunable system, wherein: the alloy smelting device comprises a crucible, an alloy smelting coil, a riser heating assembly, a mould shell, a rotary platform, an induction coil and a heating device, wherein the alloy smelting coil is arranged on the periphery of the crucible, the mould shell is arranged on the rotary platform, the heating device is arranged above the mould shell, the induction coil is arranged on the outer side of the heating device, an alloy ingot is remelted into an alloy melt in the crucible, the mould shell is lifted into the heating device through the rotary platform, the remelted alloy melt is poured into the mould shell, and the riser heating assembly is used for heating right above the mould shell.
Preferably, the apparatus for integral fine-grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system, wherein: the riser heating assembly comprises a furnace body, a sealing piece arranged on the furnace body and a telescopic shaft arranged in the furnace body, wherein a coaxial cable is arranged in the telescopic shaft, one end of the telescopic shaft is connected with a driving piece, the other end of the telescopic shaft is provided with a riser heating coil, and the riser heating coil is electrically connected with the coaxial cable.
A method for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature adjustable system, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an alloy ingot into a crucible to be remelted into an alloy melt, and preserving heat;
s2, preheating the mould shell to 1200 ℃ of temperature of 900-;
and S3, driving the mold shell to rotate through the rotating platform, translating the dead head heating assembly to a position right above the mold shell, heating the casting, controlling the temperature of the heating device to be less than or equal to 1300 ℃, after the rotation is finished, descending the rotating platform and the mold shell and moving out of the heating device, and stopping heating the dead head heating assembly to finish casting.
Preferably, the method for integral fine-grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system comprises the following steps: in step S1, the remelting temperature is 1420-.
Preferably, the method for integral fine-grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system comprises the following steps: in step S2, the speed of raising the mold shell into the heating device (8) is 5-20 mm/min.
Preferably, the method for integral fine-grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system comprises the following steps: the pouring time in step S2 is 2 to 15 seconds.
Preferably, the method for integral fine-grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system comprises the following steps: in step S3, the rotating platform drives the mold shell to rotate at a rotating speed of 50-200rpm for 5-18 min.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the device and the method for integral fine grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system, the casting is solidified under the conditions of heating atmosphere and external power stirring, so that fine and uniform grains can be formed in a casting hub, a casting wheel rim and a part of blade areas, and the aim of integral fine grain casting is fulfilled; according to the invention, by arranging the riser heating assembly, the time for keeping the alloy melt in the riser area in the refractory material mould shell in a liquid state can be effectively prolonged, the riser feeding function is enhanced, a smaller riser size can be selected during process design, and the casting yield is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature adjustable system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the riser heating assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature tunable system, wherein: coil 2, rising head heating element, mould shell 4, rotary platform 6, induction coil 7 and the device 8 that generates heat are smelted to including crucible 1, alloy, 1 periphery of crucible sets up alloy and smelts coil 2, set up mould shell 4 on the rotary platform 6, mould shell 4 top sets up the device 8 that generates heat, the device 8 outside that generates heat sets up induction coil 7, and the alloy ingot is the alloy fuse-element 5 for remelting in crucible 1, and mould shell 4 rises to the device 8 that generates heat in through rotary platform 6, and the pouring of the alloy fuse-element 5 after the remelting gets into mould shell 4, heats through rising head heating element directly over mould shell 4.
Wherein: the feeder heating assembly comprises a furnace body 31, a sealing piece 33 arranged on the furnace body 31 and a telescopic shaft 32 arranged in the furnace body 31, wherein a coaxial cable 34 is arranged in the telescopic shaft 32, one end of the telescopic shaft 32 is connected with a driving piece, the other end of the telescopic shaft 32 is provided with a feeder heating coil 3, and the feeder heating coil 3 is electrically connected with the coaxial cable 34.
The riser heating assembly has the main functions that the riser heating coil 3 can horizontally stretch and retract to heat the position right above the formwork 4, the telescopic shaft 32 is connected with the manual gear, the horizontal stretching function is mainly realized by enabling the telescopic shaft 32 and the coaxial cable 34 to synchronously move horizontally in the inner cavity of the furnace body 31 in the sealing element 33 under the driving of the manual gear, and the sealing element 33 is used for ensuring the vacuum degree of the furnace under the condition that the telescopic shaft 32 and the coaxial cable 34 synchronously move.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a method for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature tunable system, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an alloy ingot into a crucible 1 to be remelted into an alloy melt 5, and preserving heat, wherein the remelting temperature is 1420-;
s2, preheating the mould shell 4 to 1200 ℃ of 900-;
s3, driving the mold shell 4 to rotate through the rotating platform 6, translating the riser heating assembly to a position right above the mold shell 4, heating the casting, controlling the temperature of the heating device 8 to be not more than 1300 ℃, controlling the rotating speed of the rotating platform 6 for driving the mold shell 4 to rotate to be 50-200rpm, rotating for 5-18 min, after the rotation is finished, descending the rotating platform 6 and the mold shell 4, moving out of the heating device 8, and stopping heating the riser heating assembly to finish casting.
The heating device 8 and the induction coil 7 are used for preserving heat of the mould shell 4, so that the solidification speed of a non-thick area of the casting is reduced, and more sufficient time is provided for fine crystallization of the casting; the riser heating assembly is used for slowing down the solidification of a riser area of the formwork, so that a sufficient feeding static head is ensured in the casting solidification process, and the precision casting yield is improved; the casting produced by the method of the invention has the characteristics of high process yield and small and uniform integral grain size.
According to the device and the method for integral fine grain casting based on the local area temperature adjustable system, the casting is solidified under the conditions of heating atmosphere and external power stirring, so that fine and uniform grains can be formed in a casting hub, a casting wheel rim and a part of blade areas, and the aim of integral fine grain casting is fulfilled; according to the invention, by arranging the riser heating assembly, the time for keeping the alloy melt in the riser area in the refractory material mould shell in a liquid state can be effectively prolonged, the riser feeding function is enhanced, a smaller riser size can be selected during process design, and the casting yield is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a cast device of whole fine grain based on adjustable system of local area temperature which characterized in that: coil (2), rising head heating element, mould shell (4), rotary platform (6), induction coil (7) and generate heat device (8) are smelted including crucible (1), alloy, crucible (1) periphery sets up alloy and smelts coil (2), set up mould shell (4) on rotary platform (6), mould shell (4) top sets up device (8) that generates heat, device (8) outside that generates heat sets up induction coil (7), and the alloy ingot is alloy melt (5) in crucible (1) remelting, and mould shell (4) rise to device (8) that generates heat in through rotary platform (6), and alloy melt (5) pouring after the remelting get into mould shell (4), heats through rising head heating element directly over mould shell (4).
2. The apparatus for integral fine grain casting based on a local area temperature tunable system of claim 1 wherein: the feeder head heating assembly comprises a furnace body (31), a sealing piece (33) arranged on the furnace body (31) and a telescopic shaft (32) arranged in the furnace body (31), wherein a coaxial cable (34) is arranged in the telescopic shaft (32), one end of the telescopic shaft (32) is connected with a driving piece, the other end of the telescopic shaft (32) is provided with a feeder head heating coil (3), and the feeder head heating coil (3) is electrically connected with the coaxial cable (34).
3. A method for casting integral fine grains based on a local area temperature adjustable system is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adding an alloy ingot into a crucible (1) to be remelted into an alloy melt (5), and preserving heat;
s2, preheating the mould shell (4) to 900-;
s3, driving the mold shell (4) to rotate through the rotary platform (6), translating the riser heating assembly to a position right above the mold shell (4), heating the casting, controlling the temperature of the heating device (8) to be less than or equal to 1300 ℃, after the rotation is finished, descending the rotary platform (6) and the mold shell (4) and moving out of the heating device (8), and stopping heating of the riser heating assembly to finish casting.
4. The method for integral fine grain casting based on the local area temperature tunable system of claim 3 wherein: the remelting temperature in the step S1 is 1420-.
5. The method for integral fine grain casting based on the local area temperature tunable system of claim 3 wherein: in the step S2, the speed of the mold shell (4) rising into the heating device (8) is 5-20 mm/min.
6. The method for integral fine grain casting based on the local area temperature tunable system of claim 3 wherein: the pouring time in step S2 is 2 to 15 seconds.
7. The method for integral fine grain casting based on the local area temperature tunable system of claim 3 wherein: in the step S3, the rotating platform (6) drives the formwork (4) to rotate at a rotating speed of 50-200rpm for 5-18 min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111677487.3A CN114309550A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Device and method for casting integral fine grains based on local area temperature adjustable system |
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| CN202111677487.3A CN114309550A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Device and method for casting integral fine grains based on local area temperature adjustable system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700466A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-05 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Synchronous heating casting method of alloy casting and alloy casting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19639514C1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1997-12-18 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Production of high-precision centrifugal castings with controlled solidification |
| US5931214A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-08-03 | Howmet Research Corporation | Mold heating vacuum casting furnace |
| CN102581245A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Multifunctional vacuum centrifugal oscillating fine grain melting and casting furnace |
| CN104826997A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Casting riser induction heating device, and casting riser induction heating method |
| CN107138696A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of consecutive solidification process unit being used in vacuum smelting equipment and method |
| CN109719278A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-07 | 沈阳真空技术研究所有限公司 | Agitating type vacuum fine grain foundry furnace and its application method |
| CN112059151A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-11 | 西北工业大学 | Method and device for realizing shell heating and heat preservation in vacuum casting equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111677487.3A patent/CN114309550A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19639514C1 (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1997-12-18 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Production of high-precision centrifugal castings with controlled solidification |
| US5931214A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-08-03 | Howmet Research Corporation | Mold heating vacuum casting furnace |
| CN102581245A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Multifunctional vacuum centrifugal oscillating fine grain melting and casting furnace |
| CN104826997A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Casting riser induction heating device, and casting riser induction heating method |
| CN107138696A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of consecutive solidification process unit being used in vacuum smelting equipment and method |
| CN109719278A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-07 | 沈阳真空技术研究所有限公司 | Agitating type vacuum fine grain foundry furnace and its application method |
| CN112059151A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-12-11 | 西北工业大学 | Method and device for realizing shell heating and heat preservation in vacuum casting equipment |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700466A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-05 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Synchronous heating casting method of alloy casting and alloy casting |
| CN114700466B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-01-26 | 北京钢研高纳科技股份有限公司 | Synchronous heating casting method of alloy casting and alloy casting |
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