CN114309388A - Forging process of steel ring forging with ultrahigh-strength structure - Google Patents
Forging process of steel ring forging with ultrahigh-strength structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309388A CN114309388A CN202111662419.XA CN202111662419A CN114309388A CN 114309388 A CN114309388 A CN 114309388A CN 202111662419 A CN202111662419 A CN 202111662419A CN 114309388 A CN114309388 A CN 114309388A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a forging process of a steel ring forging with an ultrahigh-strength structure. According to the invention, the first fire forging, the second fire forging and the third fire forging increase the forging temperature and increase the reversing forging, so that the deformation of blank forging is further increased, the coarse grains in the internal structure of the early steel ingot are crushed after each forging, and the deformed grains in the forging are dynamically recovered and recrystallized after heating, so that the structure of the forging is further uniformly refined, and each forging is performed along three directions, so that the uniformity of the grains in each direction of the forging is realized, and the stability and the consistency of the quality of the raw material are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of structural steel forging, in particular to a forging process for an ultrahigh-strength D406 structural steel ring forging.
Background
With the development of the aviation and aerospace fields, new materials are increasingly widely applied. Advanced aircraft, engines, and the like rely on improvements in material properties to achieve. The D406A steel is an excellent low-alloy ultrahigh-strength steel developed in recent years in China, has excellent strength and toughness matching, becomes a preferred material of a spinning technology, is generally suitable for metal shells of aerospace aircrafts, and has been successfully used for shells of east wind and billow series missiles.
However, at present, with the continuous improvement of the model requirement of the aerospace project, the size of a product is continuously increased, the feeding weight of a corresponding forge piece is also increased, the cast ingot of the maximum single smelting furnace of the D406A material at the present stage is 10T, the specification is phi 1000mm, and because a steel mill does not have the forging change capability, the internal structure of a steel ingot is coarse grains at the early stage, the grain size of the product is unqualified after forging forming, so that the product cannot pass the acceptance, and further the final use requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a forging process for an ultra-high strength structural steel ring forging, which solves one or more problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a forging process of an ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging comprises the following steps:
blanking, wherein the ingot is used as a blank;
heating, namely heating the blank to heat the blank to 1230-1280 ℃;
forging, namely performing multiple times of forging change on the heated blank;
upsetting, namely upsetting and rounding the forged blank to form a disc;
punching, namely punching the disc to enable the disc to form a ring blank with an inner hole;
reaming, namely reaming the ring blank by adopting a free forging trestle to prepare a rolled ring blank;
and finally, rolling the ring blank of the ring rolling to the required size.
Further, the forging-modifying comprises first fire forging-modifying, second fire forging-modifying and third fire forging-modifying.
Further, the first fire forging comprises the following steps:
and upsetting the blank along the axial direction, wherein the deformation of the upsetting is 65-75%.
Further, the second fire forging comprises the following steps:
heating the blank subjected to the first fire re-forging to 1210-1260 ℃;
and (3) upsetting the blank after the first fire re-forging heating along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, wherein the deformation of upsetting of the blank along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction is 45-60%.
Further, the third fire forging comprises the following steps:
heating the blank subjected to the second fire re-forging to 1150-1180 ℃;
and (3) upsetting the heated blank by the second fire forging along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, wherein the deformation of the blank along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction is 45-60%.
Further, the deformation is the height of the blank after the upsetting is divided by the height of the blank before the upsetting.
Further, the blank is heated and then is subjected to heat preservation, and the heat preservation time is the product of the heat penetration coefficient and the wall thickness.
A structural steel ring forging forged according to the forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: c:0.27 to 0.32%, Mn: 0.7-1%, S is not more than 0010%, Si: 1.4-1.7%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, Ni:0.25, Cr: 1.00-1.30%, Mo: 0.4-0.55%, V: 0.08-0.15%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.25 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the first fire forging, the second fire forging and the third fire forging increase the forging temperature and increase the reversing forging, so that the deformation of blank forging is further increased, the coarse grains in the internal structure of the early steel ingot are crushed after each forging, and the deformed grains in the forging are dynamically recovered and recrystallized after heating, so that the structure of the forging is further uniformly refined, and each forging is performed along three directions, so that the uniformity of the grains in each direction of the forging is realized, and the stability and the consistency of the quality of the raw material are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of a forging process of an ultra-high strength structural steel ring forging in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of one forging modification in the forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic flow chart of secondary forging modification in the forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow chart of three times of forging changing in the forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the forging process of the ultra-high strength structural steel ring forging according to the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. To make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, reference is made to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging comprises the following steps of:
s1: the ingot was used as a charge, the diameter of the ingot being 1000mm, the height 1664mm and the total weight being 10250 kg. The raw material of the ingot needs to be processed by EF + AOD/VOD + ESR, and the ingot contains 0.27-0.32 wt% of C, and Mn: 0.7-1%, S is not more than 0010%, Si: 1.4-1.7%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, Ni is 0.25%, Cr: 1.00-1.30%, Mo: 0.4-0.55%, V: 0.08-0.15%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.25 percent.
S2: and heating, namely heating the blank to 1230 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is 800min, and the heat preservation time is obtained according to the product of the heat transmission coefficient and the wall thickness of the blank.
S3: and performing multiple times of forging modification on the heated blank, wherein the forging modification specifically comprises the following steps:
s30: the first fire forging is carried out, wherein the purpose of the first fire forging is high temperature large deformation and primary breaking of crystal grains;
s31: second fire forging: the purpose of the second fire forging is to refine and homogenize the grain size in three directions;
s32: and (3) forging by using a third fire: the purpose of the third fire forging is to refine and homogenize grain sizes in three directions.
Further, the first fire forging comprises the following steps:
s300: and (3) upsetting H, which is 500-550 mm, the blank heated to 1230 ℃ along the axial direction, wherein the height of the blank is reduced after upsetting, but the cross section of the blank is increased, and the deformation amount of the upsetting is controlled to be 65%.
Further, after the first fire re-forging, a second fire re-forging is performed, wherein the second fire re-forging comprises the following steps:
s310: heating the first fire re-forged blank to 1210 ℃;
s311: and (3) performing first upsetting on the heated blank along the Z direction, wherein the upsetting deformation is 45%, and the size of the blank after upsetting along the Z direction is H-1200 mm.
S312: and (3) performing secondary upsetting on the blank subjected to the primary upsetting along the X direction, wherein the size H of the blank before upsetting is 1200mm, the deformation amount of the upsetting is 45%, and the size H of the blank after upsetting along the X direction is 550 mm.
S313: and (3) performing third upsetting on the blank subjected to the second upsetting along the Y direction, wherein the size H of the blank before upsetting is 1200mm, the deformation amount of the upsetting is 45%, and the size H of the blank after upsetting along the Y direction is 550 mm.
Further, after the second fire re-forging, a third fire re-forging is performed, wherein the third fire re-forging comprises the following steps:
s320: heating the second fire re-forged blank to 1150 ℃;
s321: and (3) performing primary upsetting on the blank subjected to the secondary upsetting along the Z direction, wherein the size H of the blank before the upsetting is 1200mm, and the deformation amount of the upsetting is 45%.
S322: and (3) performing secondary upsetting on the blank subjected to secondary upsetting along the X direction, wherein the size H of the blank before upsetting is 1200mm, the deformation amount of the upsetting is 45%, and the size H of the blank after upsetting along the X direction is 550 mm.
S323: and (3) performing third upsetting on the blank subjected to the second upsetting along the X direction, wherein the size H of the blank before upsetting is 1200mm, the deformation amount of the upsetting is 45%, and the size H of the blank after upsetting along the X direction is 550 mm.
S4: upsetting, namely upsetting the blank after the third fire re-forging, and then rounding to form a disc, wherein the diameter of the disc is 1140mm, and the height of the disc is 1230 mm.
S5: and punching, namely punching the disc to form a ring blank with an inner hole, specifically punching a counter bore with the depth of 20mm by using a punch, then coating a lubricant on the inner wall of the counter bore, and finally continuously punching the counter bore by using the punch to form a through hole with the diameter of phi 350. The diameter of the counter bore is smaller than that of the through hole, and the counter bore is punched out first to effectively prevent the inner hole from being damaged by pulling when punching.
S6: and (3) reaming, namely reaming the ring blank by adopting a free forging mill to prepare a ring rolling ring blank, wherein when the ring blank is reamed, firstly, a mandrel with the size of phi 320 is used for reaming a saddle, when the saddle is moved to phi 600, the mandrel with the size of phi 450 is replaced, and the saddle is reamed again to prevent the inner wall of the ring blank from having deep hammer marks, thus being greatly helpful for the stability of subsequent ring rolling. The size of the ring rolling blank after the reaming of the saddle is phi 1640 +/-10 phi 1200 +/-10 phi 1260 +/-10.
S7: finish rolling, namely rolling the ring rolling blank to the required size of phi 2250 +/-5 phi 1951 +/-5 phi 1265 +/-10
Example two:
the second example was the same as the first example in most of the same manner and the ingot size was the same, except that the charge was heated to 1280 ℃ in step S2.
Further, in step S300, the billet heated to 1230 ℃ is subjected to upsetting in the axial direction, the deformation amount of the upsetting is controlled to be 75%, and the size of the billet after the upsetting is H400 mm to 450 mm;
further, in step S311, the heated billet is first drawn in the Z direction with a drawing deformation of 60%, and the dimension of the billet after drawing in the Z direction is H1200 mm.
Further, in step S312, the blank after the first upsetting is subjected to a second upsetting in the X direction, and the blank size H before the upsetting is 1200, the amount of deformation of the upsetting is 60%, and the blank size H after the upsetting in the X direction is 700 mm.
Further, in step S313, the blank after the second upsetting is subjected to a third upsetting in the Y direction, and the blank size H before the upsetting is 1200mm, the deformation amount of the upsetting is 60%, and the blank size H after the upsetting in the Y direction is 700 mm.
Further, after the second fire re-forging, a third fire re-forging is performed, wherein the third fire re-forging comprises the following steps:
further, in step S320, the second hot re-forged blank is heated to 1150 ℃;
further, in step S321, the blank after the second upsetting is subjected to the first upsetting in the Z direction, the blank size H before the upsetting is 1200mm, and the deformation amount of the upsetting is 60%.
Further, in step S322, the billet after the second upsetting is subjected to second upsetting in the X direction, and the billet size before upsetting is H1200mm, the amount of deformation of the upsetting is 60%, and the billet size after the upsetting in the X direction is H700 mm.
Further, in step S323, the billet after the second upsetting is subjected to third upsetting in the X direction, and the billet size H before upsetting is 1200, the deformation amount of the upsetting is 60%, and the billet size H after the upsetting in the X direction is 700 mm.
S4: upsetting, namely upsetting the blank subjected to the third hot forging, and then rounding to form a disc, wherein the diameter of the disc is phi 1140mm, and the height of the disc is H-1230 mm.
S5: and punching, namely punching the disc to form a ring blank with an inner hole, specifically punching a counter bore with the depth of 20mm by using a punch, then coating a lubricant on the inner wall of the counter bore, and finally continuously punching the counter bore by using the punch to form a through hole with the diameter of phi 350. The diameter of the counter bore is smaller than that of the through hole, and the counter bore is punched out first to effectively prevent the inner hole from being damaged by pulling when punching.
S6: and (3) reaming, namely reaming the ring blank by adopting a free forging mill to prepare a ring rolling ring blank, wherein when the ring blank is reamed, firstly, a mandrel with the size of phi 350 is used for reaming a trestle, when the trestle is moved to phi 600, the mandrel with the size of phi 450 is replaced to ream the trestle again so as to prevent the inner wall of the ring blank from having deep hammer marks, and the stability of a subsequent ring rolling is greatly facilitated. The size of the ring blank of the ring after reaming the trestle is phi 1500 +/-10 phi 1000 +/-10 phi 1260 +/-10.
S7: and finally rolling the ring rolling blank to the required size of phi 2250 +/-5 phi 1951 +/-5 phi 1265 +/-10.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A forging process of an ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
blanking, wherein the ingot is used as a blank;
heating, namely heating the blank to heat the blank to 1230-1280 ℃;
forging, namely performing multiple times of forging change on the heated blank;
upsetting, namely upsetting and rounding the forged blank to form a disc;
punching, namely punching the disc to enable the disc to form a ring blank with an inner hole;
reaming, namely reaming the ring blank by adopting a free forging trestle to prepare a rolled ring blank;
and finally, rolling the ring blank of the ring rolling to the required size.
2. The forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging according to claim 1, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: the forging-modifying comprises first fire forging-modifying, second fire forging-modifying and third fire forging-modifying.
3. The forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging as claimed in claim 2, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: the first fire re-forging comprises the following steps:
and upsetting the blank along the axial direction, wherein the deformation of the upsetting is 65-75%.
4. The forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging piece according to claim 3, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: the second fire re-forging comprises the following steps:
heating the blank subjected to the first fire re-forging to 1210-1260 ℃;
and (3) upsetting the blank after the first fire re-forging heating along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, wherein the deformation of upsetting of the blank along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction is 45-60%.
5. The forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging piece according to claim 4, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: the third fire re-forging comprises the following steps:
heating the blank subjected to the second fire re-forging to 1150-1180 ℃;
and (3) upsetting the heated blank by the second fire forging along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, wherein the deformation of the blank along the first direction, the second direction and the third direction is 45-60%.
6. The forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging piece according to claim 5, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: the deformation is the height of the blank after upsetting divided by the height of the blank before upsetting.
7. The forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging according to claim 1, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: and heating the blank and then carrying out heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is the product of the heat transmission coefficient and the wall thickness.
8. A structural steel ring forging forged by the forging process of the ultrahigh-strength structural steel ring forging according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.27-0.32% of C, Mn: 0.7-1%, S is not more than 0010%, Si: 1.4-1.7%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, Ni is 0.25%, Cr: 1.00-1.30%, Mo: 0.4-0.55%, V: 0.08-0.15%, Cu: less than or equal to 0.25 percent.
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