A kind of production method of heavy caliber thick wall tubing
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of a kind of heavy caliber thick wall tubing.
Background technology
At present, there is Incoloy 825 the full austenite resisto commercially available prod that titanium stabilizedization processes (also
Claim UNS N08825, NS1402, Nicrofer 4221 and Sanicro 41), this alloy is the most also
With the addition of copper and molybdenum.Incoloy 825 is a kind of general engineering alloy, and nickelic composition has made it have
The stress corrosion dehiscence resistant of effect, the corrosion resistance in various media is all fine, such as sulphuric acid, phosphorus
Acid, nitric acid and organic acid, alkali metal such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid solution.
Along with the development of Chinese national economy, oil product demand is grown with each passing day, domestic process into
The quantity of mouth sour crude rises the most year by year, in order to ensure that processing sour crude device has the most anti-
Corrosivity, it is ensured that its device can run by long period safely, to hydrogenation plant high-pressure air cooler system
Selection is more and more higher, in order to resist ammonium salt (NH4HS) corrosion, all selecting Incoloy 825 is pipe
Material, through effort in recent years, internal diameter less than 250mm, external diameter less than the Incoloy 825 of 273mm
The manufacture material of high-pressure air cooler has fully achieved production domesticization.
But, along with the trend of the maximization of pressure vessel product, high parameter is day by day obvious, Incoloy
The performance of 825 alloy pipes and the requirement of specification gradually step up, and internal diameter is more than more than 250mm, external diameter
The demand of 273mm and wall thickness Incoloy 825 tubing more than 60mm has been mentioned in agenda.At present,
The tube-making process of large-sized heavy-wall tube mainly uses the method for hot extrusion+rolling or roll piercing+rolling to enter
OK.But, for Incoloy 825 tubing preparing this kind of specification, if using rolling work
Skill, needs to use big specification cold pilger mill, and owing to nickel material cold work hardening tendency causes greatly rolling
Pressure is big, it is very difficult to rolling, and not only the lumber recovery of product is low, and the quality of product, such as crystal grain
Degree grade is relatively low.Additionally, the maximum specification external diameter of largest domestic cold rolled tube function drawn and rolled tube is
450mm, rolling run is short, and equipment performance is unstable, needs multi-pass deformation molding, extremely inefficient.
Summary of the invention
The big multi-pipe wall of tubing that it is an object of the invention to overcome existing tubing production method to produce relatively thin and
Caliber is less, and the problem that tissue distribution is uneven and grain size is thick, it is provided that a kind of large-sized heavy-wall tube
The production method of material.
The present invention provides the production method of a kind of heavy caliber thick wall tubing, and the method includes:
(1) forging process
The steel ingot of nickel alloy is heated, the steel ingot after heating is carried out jumping-up, punching, expansion successively
Hole, many fire time pullings and cooling, then carry out solid solution to obtain extra heavy pipe base, wherein, pulls out many fire are secondary
In long operation, last two fire heating-up temperatures are 1000-1150 DEG C;
(2) secondary forging process
Carry out described extra heavy pipe base successively heating, forge, cool down and solid solution, wherein, described forging work
In sequence, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 500-800 DEG C.
Use the above-mentioned forging of the present invention and secondary forging process to produce alloy pipe, ensure alloy
On the premise of tubing has preferable performance, it is possible to acquisition fully meets the design of Refining Chemical Industry process pipe and wants
The heavy caliber thick wall tubing asked, the tubing using aforementioned production method of the present invention to obtain has preferable group
Knit distribution, grain size up to more than 4 grades, external diameter up to more than 750mm, wall thickness up to 40mm with
On.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will give specifically in detailed description of the invention part subsequently
Bright.
Detailed description of the invention
Hereinafter the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that this place
The detailed description of the invention described is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
According to the present invention, the production method of described heavy caliber thick wall tubing includes:
(1) forging process
The steel ingot of nickel alloy is heated, the steel ingot after heating is carried out jumping-up, punching, expansion successively
Hole, many fire time pullings and cooling, then carry out solid solution to obtain extra heavy pipe base, wherein, pulls out many fire are secondary
In long operation, last two fire heating-up temperatures are 1000-1150 DEG C;
(2) secondary forging process
Carry out described extra heavy pipe base successively heating, forge, cool down and solid solution, wherein, described forging work
In sequence, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 500-800 DEG C.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of the steel ingot of described nickel alloy can use the side that this area is conventional
Method, as long as the nickel alloy steel ingot needed for the present invention can be obtained.
The specification of the steel ingot of nickel alloy of the present invention can be: steel ingot is a length of
1000-3000mm, a diameter of 550-1000mm of steel ingot.
According to the present invention, the purpose heating described steel ingot is to make steel ingot have enough plasticity,
Reduce the resistance of deformation of a forging process, reduce the energy consumption of a forging process, improve internal group
Knit.For reaching objectives stated above, under preferable case, during a forging, by nickel alloy
Steel ingot carries out heating so that the temperature of steel ingot is 1150-1200 DEG C.
The present invention carries out heating to described steel ingot can be at the device for Heating Steel Ingots of various routines
Carrying out, the device for Heating Steel Ingots can be such as bell type heating furnace.
According to the present invention, for the crystalline structure of the most broken described nickel alloy steel ingot, it is to avoid crystal grain group
Knit uneven and that grain structure is abnormal phenomenon to occur, thus more effectively improve its plasticity, preferable case
Under, during a forging, described jumping-up operation includes carrying out steel ingot successively jumping-up and two
Secondary jumping-up, the 1/3-1/2, the 1/3-1/2 of secondary jumping-up to ingot body length of jumping-up to ingot body length.
The present invention does not has concrete restriction to described jumping-up equipment, can be the conventional selection of this area,
Preferably, described jumping-up equipment is the quick forging machine of 4500KN.
According to the present invention, the steel ingot through twice jumping-up operation is punched out and reaming successively, described punching
The method that hole or reaming operation can use this area conventional is carried out, setting used by described punching or reaming
Standby can be this area routine for punching or the equipment of reaming.
According to the present invention, the method that described many fire time pullings can use this area conventional is carried out, for protecting
The grain size level of card pipe, it is preferable that in many fire time pulling operations, last two fire heating-up temperatures
For 1000-1150 DEG C;It is highly preferred that in many fire time pulling operations, last two fire heating-up temperatures are
1050-1100℃。
The pipe internal diameter that last fire pulling obtains can be the 85-96% of original pipe internal diameter, is preferably
90-96%;The pipe external diameter that last fire pulling obtains can be the 80-90% of original pipe external diameter, excellent
Elect 84-88% as.
According to the present invention, during a forging, the cooling that the product through many fire time pulling is carried out
Operation can use method commonly used in the art to implement, it is preferred to use the embodiment of air cooling
Carry out.
According to the present invention, it is difficult to understand that described solid solution operation refers to that middle pipe after cooling is heated to high temperature
Shi Ti district is incubated, quickly cooling after making the second phase or the most molten phase fully be dissolved in solid solution, with
Obtain oversaturated solid solution.The main purpose of described solid solution operation is the heat of the steel pipe eliminating nickel alloy
Stress, makes alloy generation recrystallization, it is thus achieved that suitable grain size.Preferably, during a forging,
The holding temperature of described solid solution process is 930-980 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 60-240 minute;More preferably
Ground, during a forging, the holding temperature of described solid solution process is 940-950 DEG C, temperature retention time
For 120-180 minute.
During a described forging, if finding, the temperature of pipe is on the low side, and forging has the danger of cracking
Time, pipe need to be carried out reheating in furnace, under preferable case, described in the temperature reburned be
1150-1200 DEG C, the time is 60-100 minute.
According to the present invention, during secondary forging, the extra heavy pipe base obtained through a forging is added
Heat, the method that described heating can use this area conventional is implemented, such as, can use annular even
Continuous formula heating furnace heats.
According to the present invention, during secondary forging, described forging process uses the diameter forging machine of many tups
Forging mode based on compressive stress is carried out, and makes the metal in deformed region take into account under compressive stress state
Transverse compression and axial extension, the vertically and horizontally poor performance opposite sex of pipe is little, effectively overcomes tradition forging
The material brought such as axially extending that the tension that causes of transverse spreading occurred and rolling produce each to
The opposite sex, thus improve the concordance of material vertically and horizontally performance, reduce the differential of tubing grain size.
The forging frequency of described forging machine mainly relies on the speed of rotation of two chucks of diameter forging machine and stretches
Speed is controlled, it is preferable that the forging frequency of described diameter forging machine is 100-240 beat/min, more excellent
Selection of land, the forging frequency of described diameter forging machine is 160-200 beat/min.
The present invention does not has concrete restriction to the diameter forging machine of described many tups, can be the routine of this area
Select, it is preferable that the diameter forging machine that diameter forging machine is 1800KN of described many tups.
According to the present invention, in order to more effectively improve the grain size of described extra heavy pipe base, it is preferable that two
During secondary forging, in described forging process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 500-800 DEG C, more preferably
Ground, secondary forging during, in described forging process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is
550-650℃。
According to the present invention, after using the condition of the cooling identical with forging process and solid solution to forging
Extra heavy pipe base successively carry out cooling and solid solution operation, in order to avoid repeat, do not repeating at this.
According to the present invention, on the premise of the external diameter of the pipe obtained through secondary forging is more than 600mm,
Preferably, the method also includes that the pipe obtained through secondary forging carries out heat successively expands molding with solid
Molten, described heat expands molding procedure and the method for this area routine can be used to carry out, the temperature that the most described heat expands
Degree is for 800-900 DEG C, and the condition of described solid solution preferably employs the solid solution bar identical with forging process
Part, in order to avoid repeating, is not repeating at this.
In the case of in the present invention, it is preferred to, in described heavy caliber thick wall tubing, with heavy caliber thick wall
On the basis of the gross weight of tubing, the content of described nickel is 38-46 weight %, and the content of described chromium is
19.5-23.5 weight %, the content of described molybdenum is 2.5-3.5 weight %, and the content of described copper is 1.5-3.0
Weight %, the content of described titanium is 0.6-1.2 weight %, and the content of described carbon is less than or equal to 0.05 weight
Amount %;In the case of Jin Yibuyouxuan, described heavy caliber thick wall tubing is Incoloy825 tubing.
The invention will be further described by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
The production method of the heavy caliber thick wall tubing that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described
By a diameter of 550mm, the steel ingot of a length of 1000mm is put in bell type heating furnace and is added
Heat, the parameter controlling bell type heating furnace makes the temperature of steel ingot control, at 1150 DEG C, then to use
The quick forging machine of 4500KN carries out twice jumping-up to the steel ingot after heating, controls the steel ingot upsetting after a jumping-up
Thick to the 1/2 of ingot body length, the steel ingot jumping-up after secondary jumping-up, to the 1/3 of ingot body length, is then carried out
Punching, reaming and many fire time pullings, the last two fire heating-up temperatures controlling many fire time pulling operations are
1050 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature, then carries out solid solution, and solid solubility temperature is 940 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 120
Minute.
Extra heavy pipe base through a forging is put in annular continuous-type furnace and again heat, will be thick
Heating of pipe blank, to 600 DEG C (this temperature is the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base in forging process), then uses
Extra heavy pipe base after heating is forged by the diameter forging machine of the many tups of the 1800KN forging mode based on compressive stress
Make, and the forging frequency controlling diameter forging machine be 160 beats/min, then carries out air cooling, then carries out solid solution,
The holding temperature of solid solution process is 940 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 120 minutes.
Tubing again outside interior boring the concerned process steps such as mill obtain the finished product tubing A1 of required size specification.
A1 carries out composition, specification and the test of various performance, and result is as shown in table 1-3.
Embodiment 2
The production method of the heavy caliber thick wall tubing that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described
By a diameter of 1000mm, the steel ingot of a length of 3000mm is put in bell type heating furnace and is added
Heat, the parameter controlling bell type heating furnace makes the temperature of steel ingot control, at 1200 DEG C, then to use
The quick forging machine of 4500KN carries out twice jumping-up to the steel ingot after heating, controls the steel ingot upsetting after a jumping-up
Thick to the 1/3 of ingot body length, the steel ingot jumping-up after secondary jumping-up, to the 1/3 of ingot body length, is then carried out
Punching, reaming and many fire time pullings, the last two fire heating-up temperatures controlling many fire time pulling operations are
1100 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature, then carries out solid solution, and the holding temperature of solid solution process is 950 DEG C, protects
The temperature time is 180 minutes.
Extra heavy pipe base through a forging is put in annular continuous-type furnace and again heat, will be thick
Heating of pipe blank, to 650 DEG C (this temperature is the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base in forging process), then uses
Extra heavy pipe base after heating is forged by the diameter forging machine of the many tups of the 1800KN forging mode based on compressive stress
Making, and the forging frequency controlling diameter forging machine is 200 beats/min, then air cooling is to room temperature, then carries out solid
Molten, solid solubility temperature is 950 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 180 minutes.
Then expanding the size needed for tubing is diffused into finally by technique through once heat, the most again carrying out
Solid solution, the holding temperature of solid solution process is 945 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 150 minutes.
Tubing again outside interior boring the concerned process steps such as mill obtain the finished product tubing A2 of required size specification.
A2 carries out composition, specification and the test of various performance, and result is as shown in table 1-3.
Embodiment 3
The production method of the heavy caliber thick wall tubing that the present embodiment provides for the present invention is described
By a diameter of 760mm, the steel ingot of a length of 2300mm is put in bell type heating furnace and is added
Heat, the parameter controlling bell type heating furnace makes the temperature of steel ingot control, at 1170 DEG C, then to use
The quick forging machine of 4500KN carries out twice jumping-up to the steel ingot after heating, controls the steel ingot upsetting after a jumping-up
Thick to the 1/2 of ingot body length, the steel ingot jumping-up after secondary jumping-up, to the 1/3 of ingot body length, is then carried out
Punching, reaming and many fire time pullings, the last two fire heating-up temperatures controlling many fire time pulling operations are
1050 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature, then carries out solid solution, and solid solubility temperature is 945 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 150
Minute.
Extra heavy pipe base through a forging is put in annular continuous-type furnace and again heat, will be thick
Heating of pipe blank, to 600 DEG C (this temperature is the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base in forging process), then uses
Extra heavy pipe base after heating is forged by the diameter forging machine of the many tups of the 1800KN forging mode based on compressive stress
Making, and the forging frequency controlling precise forging machine is 180 beats/min, then air cooling is to room temperature, then carries out solid
Molten, the holding temperature of solid solution process is 945 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 150 minutes.
Tubing again outside interior boring the concerned process steps such as mill obtain the finished product tubing A3 of required size specification.
A3 carries out composition, specification and the test of various performance, and result is as shown in table 1-3.
Comparative example 1
Heavy caliber thick wall tubing is produced according to the method for embodiment 3, except that, a forging
In many fire of process time pulling operation, last two fire heating-up temperatures are 1180 DEG C, obtain required size specification
Finished product tubing D1.
D1 carries out composition, specification and the test of various performance, and result is as shown in table 1-3.
Comparative example 2
Heavy caliber thick wall tubing is produced according to the method for embodiment 3, except that, in secondary forging
In the forging process of process, the deformation temperature of extra heavy pipe base is 1000 DEG C, obtains the production tube of required size specification
Material D2.
D2 carries out composition, specification and the test of various performance, and result is as shown in table 1-3.
Table 1 (chemical composition wt (%))
Table 2 (non-metallic inclusion)
|
A is thick |
A is thin |
B is thick |
B is thin |
C is thick |
C is thin |
D is thick |
D is thin |
Ds |
A1 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
A2 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
A3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
D1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
D2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.5 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Standard |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤1.5 |
≤2.0 |
≤1.0 |
Table 3
Result according to embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 is it can be seen that use the above-mentioned production of the present invention
The tubing that method obtains has preferable tissue distribution, grain size up to more than 4 grades, external diameter up to
More than 750mm, wall thickness up to 40mm with first-class, it is possible to fully meet the process pipe of Refining Chemical Industry
Design requirement.