CN101444792B - Method for producing seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders - Google Patents
Method for producing seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders, which belongs to the field of seamless steel pipe manufacturing and solves the technical problem of meeting the requirements for geometrical dimensional accuracy and inner/outer surface quality of the seamless steel pipe used for the large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinder (the outer diameter Phi ranging from 406mm to 559mm) while reducing the production costs. The technical proposal is as follows: the seamless steel pipe is manufactured by processing a round continuous-cast blank to a pipe blank by using a 340mmMPM multi-stand pipe mill unit and drawing the pipe blank by using a 100-ton drawing-pulling pipe expander unit. The 100-ton drawing-pulling pipe expander unit works in the small-deformation multi-channel deformation mode, with a total expansion rate less than or equal to 36%, and ensures the dimensional accuracy of the steel pipe product. The expansion rate is controlled below 25% per one time of heating the pipe blank. The number of times of diameter-extension and wall thickness reduction is not more than 4. The expansion of diameter is not more than 45mm at each time. The expanding temperature at the last time should be higher than 780 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders, belong to seamless steel pipe and make the field.
Background technology
In recent years, the manufacturing of gas cylinder adopts thin-wall seamless steel pipe to make from adopting steel billet to make to turn to through the punching drawing, and becomes world development trends.Vehicle CNG trailer bottle and gas station roll up with the gas cylinder demand, and the demand to the major diameter gas cylinder tube on the market also increases thereupon.Gas cylinder with seamless steel pipe except the mechanical properties such as intensity that require steel pipe meet the demands, also require in light weight, reduce unnecessary burden, therefore higher to geometric accuracy such as the diameter of gas cylinder tube, wall thickness and surfaces externally and internally quality requirement, the producer that can produce gas cylinder tube at present seldom, cost is higher.The steel pipe of domestic this description is all from the import of Italian Da Er exposed penstock factory.Italy Da Er exposed penstock factory, blank adopts continuous casting garden base, for pipe, adopts advanced plug expander production technology to produce this kind by MPM retained mandrel tandem rolling tube machine again.This advanced process equipment is the best approach of modern production major diameter, middle thin-wall seamless steel pipe.But equipment investment is huge, and cost is too high.
Reporting that Jiangsu Chengde Steelpipe Co., Ltd has developed is used to make gas cylinder hot rolling seamless large-diameter pipes, steel pipe trade mark 4130X, outer diameter of steel pipes (D) φ 599mm, permissible variation ± 1.0%; Thickness of steel pipe (S) 17.0mm, permissible variation 0～+ 25%.Jiangsu Chengde Steelpipe Co., Ltd's blank adopts continuous cast round billets to produce this kind gas cylinder steel pipe through the production technology of secondary punch.The gas cylinder steel pipe that this production technology is produced, poor, the inside and outside surface quality of dimensional accuracy of products is poor, and product quality can not meet the demands, and need reach by the reconditioning of surfaces externally and internally machinery.And yield poorly, the production cost height.
In order to adapt to the demand that develops rapidly of gas cylinder, the Development and Production cost is low, geometric accuracy height, the CNG major diameter that the surfaces externally and internally quality is high, especially external diameter ∮ 406～559mm, wall thickness 9～20mm, the gas cylinder that length reaches 11m has become the task of top priority with the method for seamless steel pipe.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders, seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders geometric accuracy, the surfaces externally and internally quality that this method is produced meet the requirements and cost low.
Technical scheme of the present invention: the present invention adopts round continuous casting billet to supply pipe by 340mmMPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit, expands system through 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set again.
Wherein, control 340mmMPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit is wall thickness tolerance S+10-6% for the dimensional accuracy of pipe, extreme difference≤2.0mm.
When 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set expand system in the inventive method, adopt the mode of texturing of small deformation amount multi-pass, total enlarging rate≤36% is guaranteed the dimensional accuracy of fished pipe; The mode of texturing of described small deformation amount multi-pass is meant the every heating of pipe once: enlarging rate is controlled at below 25%, is not more than 4 hole enlargements and subtracts wall, and each hole enlargement amount is not more than 45mm, and simultaneously last 1 expansion system temperature must be greater than 780 ℃.
Further, the production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A, the satisfactory round continuous casting billet of preparation;
B, cold centering: during rolling wall thickness 〉=20mm, mechanical cold centering is adopted, its internal point centre deviation requirement≤5mm in circle continuous casting billet rear and front end;
Round continuous casting billet after c, the centering heats at rotary heating furnace, and burner hearth keeps little reducing atmosphere, is not less than 1230～1270 ℃ of the steel temperature of coming out of the stove heat time heating time 5.5 hours;
Round continuous casting billet after d, the heating prepares hollow billet with the cone type piercer perforation, and the hollow billet after requiring to bore a hole is visual straight, total length external diameter size one;
E, hollow billet is sent into 340mm MPM retained mandrel tandem rolling tube machine tube rolling produce pipe.
F, pipe go to 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set after taking off pipe, adopt 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set, with the mode of texturing expansion system of small deformation amount multi-pass, total enlarging rate≤36%, guarantee the dimensional accuracy of fished pipe; The mode of texturing of described small deformation amount multi-pass is meant the every heating of pipe once: enlarging rate is controlled at below 25%, is not more than 4 hole enlargements and subtracts wall, and each hole enlargement amount is not more than 45mm, and simultaneously last 1 expansion system temperature must be made production tube greater than 780 ℃ of expansions.
The inventive method is especially to external diameter tolerance D ± 1%, wall thickness tolerance S ± 12.5% (or 0～+ 25%S), external diameter is ∮ 406～559mm, and wall thickness is 9～20mm, and the preparation superiority of the seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders of length 11m is outstanding.
Particularly, the production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders of the present invention is to be finished by following steps:
A, circle continuous casting in order to guarantee the degree of purity of steel, must adopt the round continuous casting billet of smelting through the concise stove of LF+VD application of vacuum.
B, cold centering, mechanical cold centering is adopted, its internal point centre deviation requirement≤5mm in circle continuous casting billet rear and front end;
C, heating, the round continuous casting billet heating after the centering is to finish in rotary heating furnace.In order to reduce round continuous casting billet oxide layer, the circle continuous casting billet is when annular furnace heats, and burner hearth keeps little reducing atmosphere, and male and female face, not saturating, the overheated or burn-off phenomenon of heating must not appear in heating.
In order to guarantee steel billet homogeneous heating in annular furnace, be in best plastic region during distortion, heat time heating time 〉=5.5 hour, 1230～1270 ℃ of the steel temperature of coming out of the stove.
The perforation of d, cone type piercer according to different production specifications, is selected corresponding perforating head size, and capillary outer diameter is controlled at 428～430mm, and (look straight, total length external diameter size is consistent to require hollow billet after the perforation;
E, with hollow billet with 340mm MPM tandem rolling tube machine tube rolling, hollow forging (referring to that rough machined product is the product before the finished product) wall thickness extreme difference is controlled at≤2.0mm, the hollow forging geometric accuracy that this unit provides directly has influence on the geometric accuracy of fished pipe.
F, the online pipe that takes off, entrance velocity and Mill Exit speed are complementary automatically, online hollow forging are deviate from cooling from plug.
G, the pipe that provided by 340mm MPM tandem rolling tube machine tube rolling unit heat in walking-beam furnace after the hydraulic pressure pipe-expanding machine expands into horn mouth with pipe end, expand through drawing formula pipe expanding set and make production tube;
H, production tube are through vertical pressure straightener aligning → finishing → ultrasonic examination → packing warehouse-in.
Wherein, the selection of tube blank size: because the main feature of drawing formula pipe expander flow of metal is that the pipe diameter increases, wall thickness reduction, and tube wall is when changing, according to the mobile law of minimum resistance of plastic deformation, the trend that the tube wall radial thickness changes is " thin point is thin more ", so according to the unit capacity for pipe, should provide large-sized pipe as far as possible, to reduce the enlarging rate of 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set, the enlarging rate that is distributed in 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set answers≤36%.
Enlarging rate computing formula: E=(D
2-D
1)/D
1* 100%
D in the formula
1, D
2Be respectively the external diameter of expander front and back.
During expander, pipe heats in walking-beam furnace, and burner hearth keeps little reducing atmosphere, and male and female face, overheated or burn-off phenomenon must not appear in heating, 45～80 minutes heat time heating times, goes out 1000～1080 ℃ of boiler tube temperature;
The distribution principle of drawing formula pipe expanding set enlarging rate: the every heating of pipe once: enlarging rate is controlled at below 25%, is not more than 4 hole enlargements and subtracts wall, and each hole enlargement amount is not more than 45mm, last expand the system temperature must be greater than 780 ℃.Determine the heating number of times according to the tube blank size that is provided, production tube size and mentioned above principle.
Prepare pipe by 340mmMPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit behind the inventive method employing circle continuous casting billet once perforated, make finished product through the expander technology expansion of special 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set optimizing again.Can obtain geometric accuracy, the satisfactory seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders of surfaces externally and internally quality.Method is simple, cost is low, and output is big, is fit to big industrial production.
The specific embodiment
1, production requirement specification and steel grade, i.e. the steel pipe kind that embodiment of the invention requirement prepares, specific targets see Table 1.
Table 1
Annotate: grade of steel is to adopt 4130 in the ASTM A519 standard.
Nominal wall thickness: it is other with actual wall thickness phase region specifying and being used to design, this use, and actual wall thickness can be in the fluctuation up and down of nominal.
Minimum wall thickness (MINI W.): specify the minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) that is used to design, this use is other with actual wall thickness phase region, and actual wall thickness can fluctuate more than minimum wall thickness (MINI W.).
Usually the user can adopt a kind of form in nominal wall thickness or two kinds of forms of minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) to order goods.
2, production technology:
(1) the round continuous casting billet survey of smelting through the concise stove of LF+VD application of vacuum grow, weigh, sawing; See Table 2.
Table 2
| Numbering | Continuous casting billet size (diameter mm/ ton/length m) |
| 1 | ∮390/4.0/4.37 |
| 2 | ∮250/3.3/4.40 |
| 3 | ∮250/2.5/3.31 |
(2) cold centering: during rolling wall thickness 〉=20mm, mechanical cold centering is adopted, its internal point centre deviation requirement≤5mm in circle continuous casting billet rear and front end;
(3) the round continuous casting billet heating after the centering: heating is to finish in rotary heating furnace, and burner hearth keeps little reducing atmosphere, and male and female face, not saturating, the overheated or burn-off phenomenon of heating must not appear in heating.Heating parameters sees Table 3.
Table 3
| Numbering | Heating-up temperature | Heat time heating time (hour) |
| 1 | 1250℃±20 | ≥6.5 |
| 2 | 1250℃±20 | ≥5.5 |
| 3 | 1250℃±20 | ≥5.5 |
(4) cone type piercer perforation: according to different production specifications, select corresponding perforating head size, capillary outer diameter is controlled at 428～430mm, and the hollow billet after requiring to bore a hole is visual straight, and total length external diameter size is consistent, sees Table 4.
Table 4
| Numbering | Capillary outer diameter mm | The hollow billet length m |
| 1 | ∮428～430 | 8.5 |
| 2 | ∮428～430 | 8.7 |
| 3 | ∮428～430 | 8.0 |
(5) 340mm MPM retained mandrel tandem rolling tube machine tube rolling: 5 frames are 90 ° of angle arranged crosswise each other horizontal by 45, and waste thickness of pipe extreme difference is controlled at≤2.0mm.
340mm MPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit is produced the pipe production requirement and is seen Table 5, and the tube-rolling technique parameter sees Table 6.
Table 5
| Numbering | Specification mm | Wall thickness mm | Length m | Wall thickness tolerance | Extreme difference mm |
| 1 | ∮362 | 29.5 | 14.5～14.8 | S -6 +10％ | ≤2.0 |
| 2 | ∮362 | 24.2 | 14.5～14.8 | S -6 +10％ | ≤2.0 |
| 3 | ∮362 | 17.6 | 14.5～14.8 | S -6 +10％ | ≤2.0 |
Table 6
| Numbering | Rolling groove mm | Plug specification mm | Rolling hollow forging length m |
| 1 | ∮382 | ∮319.2 | 16.1～16.3 |
| 2 | ∮382 | ∮334.7 | 16.1～16.3 |
| 3 | ∮382 | ∮346 | 16.1～16.3 |
(6) the online pipe that takes off: the online pipe that takes off of 3 frame winding arbor extraction presses, entrance velocity and Mill Exit speed are complementary automatically, online hollow forging are deviate from from plug.Change drawing formula pipe expanding set after cooling, finishing, the inspection.Tandem rolling tube machine sizing mill technological parameter sees Table 7.
Table 7
| Numbering | Take off pipe back external diameter mm | Take off pipe back length m |
| 1 | ∮366 | 16.4～16.6 |
| 2 | ∮366 | 16.4～16.6 |
| 3 | ∮366 | 16.4～16.6 |
(8) hollow forging that drawing formula pipe expanding set is produced continuous rolling-tube unit expands makes the final finished pipe.
After the hydraulic pressure pipe-expanding machine expanded into horn mouth with pipe end, in the whole heating of step heating-furnace, the pipe after the heating (having had horn mouth) was delivered to and is expanded system on the 100t drawing formula pipe expander.Expansion system, heating process parameter see Table 8.
Table 8
| Numbering | Pipe external diameter mm | Pipe wall thickness mm | Production tube external diameter mm | Production tube wall thickness mm | Heating-up temperature ℃ | Heat time heating time (minute) | Heating number of times (inferior) | Rolling pass (inferior) | Total deformation | Hot external diameter mm |
| 1 | ?∮362 | 29.5 | ∮559 | 19.5 | 1050～1080 | 70～80 | 2 | 7～8 | 41.8％ | 564～566 |
| 2 | ?∮362 | 24.2 | ∮559 | 14.1 | 1030～1060 | 60～70 | 2 | 7～8 | 41.6％ | 564～566 |
| 3 | ?∮362 | 17.7 | ∮559 | 10.3 | 1000～1040 | 45～60 | 2 | 7～8 | 40.2％ | 564～566 |
(9) vertical pressure straightener aligning → finishing → ultrasonic examination → packing warehouse-in.
The production tube physical dimension sees Table 9.The sample heat treatment performance sees Table 10.
Table 9
Table 10
Above result shows: the present invention adopts round continuous casting billet to supply pipe by 340mmMPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit, expands system through 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set again.Can obtain geometric accuracy, the satisfactory seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders of surfaces externally and internally quality. the simple cost of method is low, and output is big, is fit to big industrial production.
Claims (4)
1. the production method of a seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders, it is characterized in that it is that the circle continuous casting billet is prepared into pipe by 340mmMPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit, expanding system through 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set again forms, wherein, control 340mmMPM retained mandrel continuous rolling-tube unit is wall thickness tolerance S for the dimensional accuracy of pipe
-6 -10%, extreme difference≤2.0mm.
2. the production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
When 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set expand system, adopt the mode of texturing of small deformation amount multi-pass, total enlarging rate≤36% is guaranteed the dimensional accuracy of fished pipe; The mode of texturing of described small deformation amount multi-pass is meant the every heating of pipe once: enlarging rate is controlled at below 25%, is not more than 4 hole enlargements and subtracts wall, and each hole enlargement amount is not more than 45mm, and simultaneously last 1 expansion system temperature must be greater than 780 ℃.
3. the production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders according to claim 2 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
A, the satisfactory round continuous casting billet of preparation;
B, cold centering: during rolling wall thickness 〉=20mm, mechanical cold centering is adopted, its internal point centre deviation requirement≤5mm in circle continuous casting billet rear and front end;
Round continuous casting billet after c, the centering heats at rotary heating furnace, and burner hearth keeps little reducing atmosphere, is not less than 1230～1270 ℃ of the steel temperature of coming out of the stove heat time heating time 5.5 hours;
Round continuous casting billet after d, the heating prepares hollow billet with the cone type piercer perforation, and the hollow billet after requiring to bore a hole is visual straight, and total length external diameter size is consistent;
E, hollow billet is sent into 340mm MPM retained mandrel tandem rolling tube machine tube rolling produce pipe;
F, pipe go to 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set after taking off pipe, adopt 100 tons of drawing formula pipe expanding set, with the mode of texturing expansion system of small deformation amount multi-pass, total enlarging rate≤36%, guarantee the dimensional accuracy of fished pipe; The mode of texturing of described small deformation amount multi-pass is meant the every heating of pipe once: enlarging rate is controlled at below 25%, be not more than 4 hole enlargements and subtract wall, each hole enlargement amount is not more than 45mm, and simultaneously last 1 expansion system temperature must be made the final finished pipe greater than 780 ℃ of expansions.
4. the production method of seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seamless steel pipes used for large-diameter high-pressure gas cylinders external diameter tolerance D ± 1%, wall thickness tolerance S ± 12.5%, external diameter are ∮ 406～559mm, wall thickness is 9～20mm, length 11m.
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| CN101444792B true CN101444792B (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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| CN101823080A (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2010-09-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Cold machining process for 1Cr13 thick-wall tube |
| CN102039313B (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2013-11-06 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Method for producing large-diameter seamless steel pipe for gas cylinder |
| CN104624915B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-09-14 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | A kind of production method of heavy caliber thick wall tubing |
| CN113909305B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2024-09-06 | 江苏天淮钢管有限公司 | Hot continuous rolling production method for 530 mm large-caliber seamless steel tube |
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