CN114305668B - Ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring method and system based on demodulation domain parameter imaging - Google Patents
Ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring method and system based on demodulation domain parameter imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring method and system based on demodulation domain parametric imaging, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, performing ultrasonic B-mode scanning on a first preset range, and performing ultrasonic parameter mode scanning on a second preset range to respectively obtain ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data; s2, respectively carrying out weighted synthesis on ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data to obtain ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data; s3, respectively demodulating the ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and the ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data, and S4, calculating to obtain an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parameter mode image based on the demodulated radio frequency data; s5, superposing the ultrasonic B-mode image and the ultrasonic parameter mode image to obtain a superposition image, and displaying the superposition image. The thermal ablation area and the peripheral area can be comprehensively displayed in real time on the premise of ensuring the image quality of the thermal ablation area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic monitoring imaging, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring method and system based on demodulation domain parametric imaging.
Background
The tumor thermal ablation treatment refers to a treatment means for killing tumor cells by increasing the tissue temperature under the guidance of an imaging technology, and has the advantages of minimally invasive, safe, high operability, good repeatability, high postoperative recovery speed and the like. In the ablation process, the accuracy of the positioning of the ablation probe and the judgment of the size of the ablation area are closely related to the quality of the monitoring image. Ultrasonic imaging is widely used in dynamic monitoring of clinical thermal ablation procedures due to its real-time, non-destructive advantages.
In clinic, doctors typically use ultrasonic B-mode imaging to monitor thermal ablation procedures, but traditional B-mode imaging has low contrast and is susceptible to bubble activity generated by the ablation zone, making it difficult to achieve accurate positioning of the thermal ablation zone.
Currently, there are some researches on monitoring a thermal ablation area, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN109480777a discloses a thermo-acoustic imaging system and method for thermal ablation boundary imaging, which uses an additional microwave source to excite a thermo-acoustic effect of the thermal ablation area, and uses an ultrasonic transducer to receive a thermo-acoustic signal, so as to image the thermal damage area. However, the additional microwave source is added to the device, so that the operation is complex, and the microwave may affect the original thermal ablation process, thereby increasing the difficulty of thermal ablation treatment. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN112203590a proposes an apparatus and method for estimating a thermal ablation level by estimating the degree of out-of-plane movement of thermal ablated tissue from surrounding tissue. However, the method needs to obtain three-dimensional echo data of the thermally ablated tissue region, a mechanical fan is needed to scan the three-dimensional ultrasonic probe or the matrix probe, the treatment cost is obviously increased, and if a two-dimensional probe is used, multiple times of multi-section scanning are needed to obtain the three-dimensional echo data, so that the operation complexity is increased.
The ultrasonic parameter imaging uses characteristic parameters extracted from ultrasonic echo signals to image, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise Nakagami parameters, entropy parameters, uncorrelated characteristics, acoustic attenuation characteristics and the like, and the defects of the traditional B-mode ultrasonic imaging in the process of monitoring thermal ablation are overcome to a certain extent.
In clinic, doctors often need to monitor images of a tumor cell thermal ablation region and the surrounding environment thereof, but the data volume required to be acquired by ultrasonic parametric imaging is large, so that if all regions are imaged by ultrasonic parameters, the requirements on the transmission bandwidth and the processing speed of the system are high, the method is difficult to apply to a real-time system, and if all regions are imaged by the traditional B-mode ultrasonic imaging, the monitoring quality of the tumor cell thermal ablation region cannot be ensured.
In addition, in the current ultrasonic parametric imaging technology, only the change of each position of the thermal injury area at each moment is quantitatively calculated, and the difference of different positions of the thermal injury area at the same moment or the difference of the same position of the thermal injury area at different moments cannot be quantitatively and intuitively displayed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring method and the ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system based on demodulation domain parametric imaging, which can comprehensively display the thermal ablation area and the peripheral area on the premise of ensuring the image quality of the thermal ablation area, have lower requirements on the transmission bandwidth and the processing speed of the system, improve the monitoring instantaneity, and provide more comprehensive data in an ultrasonic parametric mode image, thereby being convenient for doctors to evaluate the thermal ablation process in multiple angles.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring method based on demodulation domain parameter imaging comprises the following steps:
s1, performing ultrasonic B-mode scanning on a first preset range, and performing ultrasonic parameter mode scanning on a second preset range to obtain ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data respectively;
s2, respectively carrying out weighted synthesis on ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and ultrasonic parametric mode channel sampling data to obtain ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and ultrasonic parametric mode radio frequency data;
s3, demodulating the ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and the ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data respectively to obtain ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
s4, respectively calculating to obtain an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parameter mode image based on ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data, wherein the ultrasonic parameter mode image comprises ultrasonic original parameter image data, time difference parameter image data, time integration parameter image data, space difference parameter image data and parameter change rate image data;
s5, superposing the ultrasonic B-mode image and the ultrasonic parameter mode image to obtain a superposed image, and displaying the superposed image.
Preferably, in step S1, the first preset range is an imaging depth and width set by a user, and the second preset range is a depth and width where the thermal ablation region is located.
Preferably, step S4 includes the steps of:
s4.1, respectively carrying out downsampling on the ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data to obtain downsampled ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
s4.2, calculating to obtain an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parametric mode image based on the downsampled ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parametric mode demodulation data.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the time difference parameter image data, the time integration parameter image data, the space difference parameter image data, and the parameter change rate image data are all calculated according to the ultrasound original parametric image data.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the time difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
wherein ,the parameter value representing the ith row and jth column of the kth frame.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the time integration parameter image data is as follows:
，
where N represents the total number of frames during thermal ablation monitoring.
Preferably, the spatial differential parameter image data includes lateral spatial differential parameter image data, longitudinal spatial differential parameter image data and overall spatial differential parameter image data;
the calculation formula of the transverse space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
the calculation formula of the longitudinal space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
the calculation formula of the total space difference parameter image data is as follows:
。
preferably, the calculation formula of the parameter change rate image data is as follows:
，
where dt represents the time interval between two frames.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S5, an ultrasound B-mode image and an ultrasound parametric mode image are also displayed separately.
Correspondingly, the ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system based on demodulation domain parameter imaging is also provided, and based on the monitoring method, the ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system comprises an ultrasonic scanning module, a weighted synthesis module, a demodulation module, an image calculation module, an image superposition module and a display module which are sequentially connected, wherein the ultrasonic scanning module comprises a first scanning unit and a second scanning unit which are respectively connected with the weighted synthesis module;
the first scanning unit is used for carrying out ultrasonic B-mode scanning on a first preset range so as to obtain ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data;
the second scanning unit is used for scanning the ultrasonic parameter mode in a second preset range to obtain ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data;
the weighting synthesis module is used for respectively carrying out weighting synthesis on the ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and the ultrasonic parametric mode channel sampling data so as to obtain ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and ultrasonic parametric mode radio frequency data;
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and the ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data respectively to obtain ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
the image calculation module is used for calculating an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parameter mode image based on the ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data respectively, wherein the ultrasonic parameter mode image comprises ultrasonic original parameter image data, time difference parameter image data, time integration parameter image data, space difference parameter image data and parameter change rate image data;
the image superposition module is used for superposing the ultrasonic B-mode image and the ultrasonic parameter mode image to obtain a superposition image;
and the display module is used for displaying the superimposed image.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
an ultrasonic B-mode image is formed aiming at a first preset range, an ultrasonic parameter mode image is formed aiming at a second preset range, and the two images are overlapped and displayed, so that the thermal ablation area and the peripheral area can be comprehensively displayed on the premise of ensuring the image quality of the thermal ablation area, the requirements on the transmission bandwidth and the processing speed of the system are lower, and the real-time monitoring performance is improved.
The data provided in the ultrasonic parametric mode image is more comprehensive, so that a doctor can evaluate the thermal ablation process in multiple angles conveniently.
The nondestructive and non-radiative ultrasonic parametric image is obtained by calculating according to ultrasonic echo of thermally ablated tissue, so that the ultrasonic parametric image has the advantages of nondestructive and non-radiative traditional ultrasonic imaging.
The device is simple and convenient to operate, and the invention is thermal ablation monitoring realized in the traditional ultrasonic device, and has no additional auxiliary accessories and complicated operation steps;
the demodulation data is adopted to calculate the ultrasonic parameters, so that the calculated amount can be reduced, the requirement of ultrasonic parameter imaging on the transmission bandwidth of the system is effectively reduced, the system is simpler and more efficient to realize, and the real-time performance of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic thermal ablation multiparameter monitoring method based on demodulation domain parametric imaging according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an image obtained by ultrasound B-mode scanning;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an image obtained by ultrasound parametric mode scanning;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of superimposed images;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system based on demodulation domain parameter imaging according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following specific examples are presented to illustrate the present invention, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the additional advantages and capabilities of the present invention as disclosed herein. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an ultrasonic thermal ablation multiparameter monitoring method based on demodulation domain parametric imaging, including the steps of:
s1, performing ultrasonic B-mode scanning on a first preset range, and performing ultrasonic parameter mode scanning on a second preset range to obtain ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data respectively;
s2, respectively carrying out weighted synthesis on ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and ultrasonic parametric mode channel sampling data to obtain ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and ultrasonic parametric mode radio frequency data;
s3, demodulating the ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and the ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data respectively to obtain ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
s4, respectively calculating to obtain an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parameter mode image based on ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data, wherein the ultrasonic parameter mode image comprises ultrasonic original parameter image data, time difference parameter image data, time integration parameter image data, space difference parameter image data and parameter change rate image data;
s5, superposing the ultrasonic B-mode image and the ultrasonic parameter mode image to obtain a superposed image, and displaying the superposed image.
It can be seen that, in this embodiment, an ultrasound B-mode image is formed for the first preset range, an ultrasound parametric mode image is formed for the second preset range, and the two images are displayed in a superimposed manner, so that the thermal ablation area and the peripheral area can be comprehensively displayed on the premise of ensuring the image quality of the thermal ablation area, the requirements on the transmission bandwidth and the processing speed of the system are low, and the real-time performance of monitoring is improved, and the specific ultrasound image can be shown with reference to fig. 2-4. The first preset range is imaging depth and width set by a user, and the second preset range is depth and width of the thermal ablation region.
The transparency of the ultrasonic parameter mode image can be increased firstly, then the ultrasonic parameter mode image is overlapped on the ultrasonic B mode image for display, and the transparency parameter of the ultrasonic parameter mode image can be opened to support the adjustability of a user.
The ultrasonic parametric image is obtained by calculating according to ultrasonic echo of thermally ablated tissue, so that the ultrasonic parametric image has the advantages of no damage, no radiation and the like of the traditional ultrasonic imaging.
The thermal ablation monitoring realized in the traditional ultrasonic equipment is simple in equipment and convenient to operate without additional auxiliary accessories and complicated operation steps.
The demodulation data is adopted to calculate the ultrasonic parameters, so that the calculated amount can be reduced, the requirement of ultrasonic parameter imaging on the transmission bandwidth of the system is effectively reduced, the system is simpler and more efficient to realize, and the real-time performance of the system is improved. The calculation of the demodulation data may be performed by setting all depths to a fixed demodulation frequency, or may be performed by setting different demodulation frequencies at different depths.
In this embodiment, the ultrasound parametric mode image includes not only ultrasound original parametric image data, but also time difference parameter image data, time integral parameter image data, space difference parameter image data, and parameter change rate image data. The spatial differential parametric image data includes lateral spatial differential parametric image data, longitudinal spatial differential parametric image data, and global spatial differential parametric image data.
Wherein, the ultrasonic original parametric image data comprises: the Nakagami parameter, entropy parameter, uncorrelated characteristic, sound attenuation characteristic and the like are a series of data directly calculated according to the ultrasonic echo data, and it is to be noted that the ultrasonic original parameter image data are not limited to the above parameters. The time difference parameter image data, the time integration parameter image data, the space difference parameter image data and the parameter change rate image data are all obtained by calculation according to the ultrasonic original parameter image data.
Specifically:
the calculation formula of the time difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
wherein ,the parameter values representing the ith row and the jth column of the kth frame, and the time difference parameter image data represent parameter differences at the same position at different moments.
The calculation formula of the time integral parameter image data is as follows:
，
wherein N represents the total frame number in the thermal ablation monitoring process, and the time integral parameter image data represents the parameter accumulation effect of the same position at all moments.
The calculation formula of the transverse space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
and the transverse space difference parameter image data embody the transverse parameter differences of different positions at the same moment.
The calculation formula of the longitudinal space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
longitudinal space difference parameter image data embody longitudinal parameter differences at different positions at the same moment.
The calculation formula of the total space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
the total space difference parameter image data embody the total parameter difference of different positions at the same moment.
The calculation formula of the parameter change rate image data is as follows:
，
wherein dt represents the time interval between two frames, and the parameter change rate image data represents the instantaneous change speed of parameters at the same position.
In this embodiment, the data provided by the ultrasound parametric mode image is more comprehensive, so that a doctor can evaluate the thermal ablation process in multiple angles conveniently.
More specifically:
the scanning of the conventional ultrasound and the ultrasound parametric image can be performed in a frame-to-frame crossing manner or in an interleaving manner, namely, the scanning of the imaging range of the conventional ultrasound and the ultrasound parametric image is finished firstly, and then the scanning of the imaging range of the other part is finished until the scanning of all the imaging ranges is finished. The former can ensure the continuity of each frame of conventional ultrasound and ultrasound parametric image frames, and the latter can improve the following performance of the conventional ultrasound and ultrasound parametric image frames.
The step S4 includes the steps of:
s4.1, respectively carrying out downsampling on the ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data to obtain downsampled ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
s4.2, calculating to obtain an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parametric mode image based on the downsampled ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parametric mode demodulation data.
The down-sampling multiple is generally set to 2-8 times.
In step S5, in addition to displaying the superimposed image, an ultrasound B-mode image and an ultrasound parametric mode image may be displayed separately, respectively, to provide more choices for the doctor to observe.
In this embodiment, the contents described in the steps S1, S2, and S3 and the downsampled content in the step S4 are processed in the hardware end, and the steps S4 (except for the downsampled content) and S5 are processed in the software end, so that the data volume required to be processed by the software end can be effectively reduced by adopting the design, the complexity of the system design is reduced, and the real-time performance of the system is improved. A buffer area is arranged between the hardware processing and the software processing, the hardware end stores the downsampled data into the buffer area, the software end accesses the buffer area at fixed time intervals, and the data is taken for subsequent processing of the software end.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment provides an ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system based on demodulation domain parametric imaging, and the monitoring method according to the first embodiment includes an ultrasonic scanning module, a weighted synthesis module, a demodulation module, an image calculation module, an image superposition module, and a display module, which are sequentially connected, where the ultrasonic scanning module includes a first scanning unit and a second scanning unit that are respectively connected with the weighted synthesis module;
the first scanning unit is used for carrying out ultrasonic B-mode scanning on a first preset range so as to obtain ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data;
the second scanning unit is used for scanning the ultrasonic parameter mode in a second preset range to obtain ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data;
the weighting synthesis module is used for respectively carrying out weighting synthesis on the ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and the ultrasonic parametric mode channel sampling data so as to obtain ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and ultrasonic parametric mode radio frequency data;
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and the ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data respectively to obtain ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
the image calculation module is used for calculating an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parameter mode image based on the ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data respectively, wherein the ultrasonic parameter mode image comprises ultrasonic original parameter image data, time difference parameter image data, time integration parameter image data, space difference parameter image data and parameter change rate image data;
the image superposition module is used for superposing the ultrasonic B-mode image and the ultrasonic parameter mode image to obtain a superposition image;
and the display module is used for displaying the superimposed image.
In this embodiment, the first scanning unit may adopt different transmitting/receiving modes, may transmit/receive a single pulse sequence, may transmit/receive a plurality of pulse sequences, may transmit/receive an ultrasonic pulse at a fixed time interval, may continuously transmit/receive an ultrasonic pulse, and may be the same or different in transmitting and receiving array elements, and the second scanning unit may also be the same or different in transmitting/receiving array elements, and the first scanning unit and the second scanning unit are mutually independent modules, and may be the same or different in transmitting/receiving modes.
It should be noted that, the first scanning unit may emit ultrasonic waves in B mode, or may emit ultrasonic waves in other conventional modes of ultrasound, such as C mode and D mode, and generate ultrasonic images in other conventional modes after subsequent processing.
The ultrasonic scanning module comprises an ultrasonic probe, a transmitting/receiving circuit and an interference screen device. The ultrasonic probe comprises a plurality of array elements, the array elements can emit ultrasonic waves after being excited by the electric signals, and the received ultrasonic waves can be converted into the electric signals for processing by a subsequent module. The transmitting/receiving circuit is used for controlling the transmission and the reception of the array elements in the ultrasonic probe. The interference shielding means is to reduce or eliminate the adverse effect of external interference on the ultrasound imaging device during thermal ablation.
The display module can be a liquid crystal display commonly used by ultrasonic imaging equipment, can also be the display screen of other televisions and mobile equipment, can be used for non-touch display, can also be used for supporting touch display, and can be one or a plurality of displays. When the display module displays the image, a user can adjust the size and the position of a first preset range and a second preset range at any time, wherein the interior of the first preset range is a display area of an ultrasonic B-mode image, and the second preset range is a display area of an ultrasonic parameter image.
It should be noted that, in the ultrasound thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system based on demodulation domain parametric imaging provided in this embodiment, similar to the embodiment, a description is omitted here.
The above examples are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The ultrasonic thermal ablation multi-parameter monitoring system based on demodulation domain parameter imaging is characterized by comprising an ultrasonic scanning module, a weighted synthesis module, a demodulation module, an image calculation module, an image superposition module and a display module which are connected in sequence, wherein the ultrasonic scanning module comprises a first scanning unit and a second scanning unit which are respectively connected with the weighted synthesis module;
the first scanning unit is used for carrying out ultrasonic B-mode scanning on a first preset range so as to obtain ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data;
the second scanning unit is used for scanning the ultrasonic parameter mode in a second preset range to obtain ultrasonic parameter mode channel sampling data;
the weighting synthesis module is used for respectively carrying out weighting synthesis on the ultrasonic B-mode channel sampling data and the ultrasonic parametric mode channel sampling data so as to obtain ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and ultrasonic parametric mode radio frequency data;
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the ultrasonic B-mode radio frequency data and the ultrasonic parameter mode radio frequency data respectively to obtain ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data;
the image calculation module is used for calculating an ultrasonic B-mode image and an ultrasonic parameter mode image based on the ultrasonic B-mode demodulation data and the ultrasonic parameter mode demodulation data respectively, wherein the ultrasonic parameter mode image comprises ultrasonic original parameter image data, time difference parameter image data, time integration parameter image data, space difference parameter image data and parameter change rate image data;
the image superposition module is used for superposing the ultrasonic B-mode image and the ultrasonic parameter mode image to obtain a superposition image;
the display module is used for displaying the superimposed image;
the image calculation module is used for calculating time difference parameter image data, time integral parameter image data, space difference parameter image data and parameter change rate image data according to ultrasonic original parameter image data;
the calculation formula of the time difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
wherein ,a parameter value indicating the ith row and the jth column of the kth frame;
the spatial differential parameter image data comprises transverse spatial differential parameter image data, longitudinal spatial differential parameter image data and overall spatial differential parameter image data;
the calculation formula of the transverse space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
the calculation formula of the longitudinal space difference parameter image data is as follows:
，
the calculation formula of the total space difference parameter image data is as follows:
；
the calculation formula of the parameter change rate image data is as follows:
，
where dt represents the time interval between two frames.
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| CN109567929A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-04-05 | 云南大学 | The microwave ablation monitoring of parameter Difference Imaging is levied in a kind of ultrasound harmonic wave weighting surely |
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