CN114304438A - Prawn larva feed and production method thereof - Google Patents
Prawn larva feed and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114304438A CN114304438A CN202111646108.4A CN202111646108A CN114304438A CN 114304438 A CN114304438 A CN 114304438A CN 202111646108 A CN202111646108 A CN 202111646108A CN 114304438 A CN114304438 A CN 114304438A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(C)N)C=C1 NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000254109 Tenebrio molitor Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- 235000020939 nutritional additive Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N deuterium hydrogen oxide Chemical compound [2H]O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-DYCDLGHISA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and particularly relates to a prawn larva feed and a production method thereof. According to the invention, the animal material powder is prepared from fish meal, krill meal, chicken meal, earthworm meal and tenebrio molitor meal, so that the prawn seedling feed has relatively high protein content at relatively low cost. In addition, the invention also provides a production method of the prawn larva feed by using the combined dehydrator, the combined dehydrator structurally comprises a fixed water receiving frame unit, a heating box unit and a rotating frame unit, and the preparation method ensures that the preparation process of the chicken powder required by the prawn larva feed is more efficient and energy-saving. The invention has the following advantages: firstly, the animal-based powder material comprises chicken powder, so that more protein content can be obtained at the same cost, and the growth requirement of the shrimp larvae is better met; secondly, the combined type dehydrator can be used for defrosting and dehydrating the frozen chicken blocks, so that more labor, energy and high efficiency are ensured in the subsequent crushing operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, and particularly relates to a prawn larva feed and a production method thereof.
Background
The prawn larva feed is special feed for feeding and culturing prawn in prawn larva period. Compared with the common feed for culturing adult shrimps, the shrimp larva feed has higher protein content, so that the shrimp larva can have sufficient immunity and disease resistance.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN112314811A, published as 2021.02.05, discloses a feed for young penaeus vannamei boone, which comprises fish meal, antarctic krill powder, strong flour, yeast powder, cuttlefish powder, fish oil, compound minerals, immune polysaccharides, meat and bone meal, gelatin, compound vitamins, and glutathione-enriched selenium-enriched yeast extract.
However, the total amount of animal protein powder of the shrimp larva feed disclosed by the invention is still insufficient, and the total amount of the provided protein cannot meet the rapid growth requirement of the prawns in the shrimp larva period.
In addition, the cuttlefish powder is relatively expensive.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel formula of prawn larva feed with sufficient protein content and relatively low cost, such as chicken meal.
On the other hand, from the purchased frozen chicken pieces to chicken powder with proper moisture content, the frozen chicken pieces need to be unfrozen, softened and drained to facilitate the crushing operation, and the chicken powder needs to be dried and heated after being prepared, so that an efficient dewatering device is needed.
But current drying equipment, for example the chinese utility model patent that patent publication number is CN215124226U, bulletin day is 2021.12.14 discloses a pig feed's stoving prevents condensing equipment, including the casing, install the feed inlet that is used for throwing the material on the casing roof and install the discharge gate that is used for arranging the material in the casing bottom, the inside stoving blanking subassembly that is provided with of casing.
The utility model discloses a drying device in the patent can not be simultaneously to freezing the chicken piece remove the water, dry accuse water to the chicken powder, consequently is not applicable to the preparation of chicken powder.
Therefore, in order to effectively prepare the chicken powder required by the shrimp larva feed, a combined dehydration device with the functions of defrosting and drying is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a prawn larva feed which can ensure relatively high protein content at relatively low cost by using fish meal, krill meal, chicken meal, earthworm meal and tenebrio molitor meal to prepare animal substance powder.
In addition, the invention also provides a production method of the prawn larva feed by using the combined dehydrator, the combined dehydrator structurally comprises a fixed water receiving frame unit, a heating box unit and a rotating frame unit, and the preparation method ensures that the preparation process of the chicken powder required by the prawn larva feed is more efficient and energy-saving.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the prawn larva feed comprises animal substance powder, plant substance powder, fish oil for spraying, a nutritional additive and an additive for feed, wherein the animal substance powder comprises fish meal, krill meal, chicken meal, earthworm meal and yellow mealworm meal, and the ratio of the adding weight of the animal substance powder to the adding weight of the plant substance powder is 1: (2-4).
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the water content of the fish meal, the krill meal, the chicken meal, the earthworm meal and the tenebrio molitor meal is less than or equal to 12%, the chicken meal is prepared by crushing frozen chicken blocks, the frozen chicken blocks and the chicken meal in different batches are subjected to water content adjustment by a combined dehydrator.
A production method of prawn larva fodder comprises oven drying chicken powder at 70-75 deg.C for 15-25 min.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the structure of the combined dehydrator comprises a fixed water receiving frame unit, an inclined upper surface is arranged on the fixed water receiving frame unit and used for drying chicken powder, and a rotating frame unit is arranged on the inclined upper surface and used for heating frozen chicken blocks and performing spin-drying dehydration operation.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the fixed water receiving frame unit comprises a fixed bottom plate, a water outlet, a water receiving frame body and a chicken powder placing plate, wherein the water outlet is arranged on the fixed bottom plate and used for downwards receiving condensed water and unfrozen water, the water receiving frame body is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed bottom plate and located below the water outlet, and the chicken powder placing plate is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate and located in the heating box unit.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the heating box unit comprises a water body guide plate, two side sealing plates, an inclined top plate, a hinged opening-closing plate and a heating wire heater, wherein the water body guide plate is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate and penetrates through the water outlet, the two side sealing plates are arranged on two sides of the water body guide plate respectively, the inclined top plate is arranged on the upper surface of the water body guide plate and used for installing the rotating frame unit, the hinged opening-closing plate is arranged at the side edge of the upper end of the inclined top plate, and the heating wire heater is arranged on the inner side face of the hinged opening-closing plate.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the rotating frame unit comprises a rectangular water retaining frame arranged on the inclined top plate, a defrosted water falling opening arranged on a plate body below the rectangular water retaining frame, an inward protruding plate arranged on the rectangular water retaining frame, an inverted motor arranged on the inward protruding plate and with a shaft body facing the inclined top plate, a rotating column arranged on the shaft body, and a perforated frame body arranged on the rotating column and used for placing frozen chicken blocks.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the fixed water receiving frame unit further comprises a reinforcing plate which is arranged in the drainage port and used for supporting the water body guide plate.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the area of the drainage port, which is positioned in the heating box unit, is a condensed water discharge area, the area of the drainage port, which is positioned outside the heating box unit, is a defrosted water discharge area, and the area of the condensed water discharge area is smaller than that of the defrosted water discharge area.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the heating box unit further comprises an opening handle arranged on the outer side surface of the hinged opening plate.
The present invention has the following advantages.
Firstly, the animal powder comprises chicken powder, so that more protein content can be obtained at the same cost, and the growth requirement of the shrimp larvae is better met.
Secondly, the combined type dehydrator can be used for defrosting and dehydrating the frozen chicken blocks, so that more labor, energy and high efficiency are ensured in the subsequent crushing operation.
Thirdly, the combined dehydrator can carry out the stoving operation of heating wire heating to chicken powder, guarantees that the moisture content meets the requirements, and then improves final feed quality.
Fourthly, in the combined type dehydrator, the heat of the drying operation can be rapidly thawed, the low temperature of the thawing operation can ensure that the water vapor generated by drying is rapidly liquefied, and the final drying and thawing operation has the advantages of high efficiency and rapidness.
Fifthly, the heating box unit finally has a flow guiding function on the condensed water and the unfreezing water, so that the splashing and the spreading of the water body are avoided.
Sixthly, the chicken powder of the previous batch and the frozen chicken blocks of the next batch can be operated simultaneously, so that the overall preparation process of the chicken powder is faster.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a combined dehydrator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a position structure of the fixed water receiving frame unit in the invention from a top view.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the position structure of the heating box unit of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the position structure of the hinged opening-closing plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the rotating frame unit in the present invention from a top view.
In the drawings, the reference numerals denote the following components: chicken powder a, frozen chicken pieces b, condensed water c, unfrozen water d, a fixed water receiving frame unit 1, a heating box unit 2, a rotating frame unit 3, a fixed bottom plate 101, a water outlet 102, a water receiving frame body 103, a chicken powder placing plate 104, a water body guide plate 201, a side sealing plate 202, an inclined top plate 203, a hinged opening plate 204, an electric heating wire heater 205, a rectangular water retaining frame 301, an unfrozen water falling opening 302, an inward protruding plate 303, an inverted motor 304, a rotating column 305, a perforated frame body 306, a reinforcing plate 105 and an opening handle 206.
Detailed Description
The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example (b): as shown in the attached figures 1-5, the prawn larva feed comprises animal powder, plant powder, fish oil for spraying, a nutritional additive and an additive for feed, wherein the animal powder comprises fish meal, krill meal, chicken meal, earthworm meal and tenebrio molitor meal, and the ratio of the adding weight of the animal powder to the adding weight of the plant powder is 1: (2-4).
In this embodiment, the chicken meal, the earthworm meal and the tenebrio molitor meal are all relatively low-cost high-quality protein sources, so that the prawn larva feed can obtain more protein content at the same cost.
The water content of the fish meal, the krill meal, the chicken meal, the earthworm meal and the tenebrio molitor meal is less than or equal to 12%, the chicken meal is prepared by crushing frozen chicken blocks, the frozen chicken blocks and the chicken meal in different batches are subjected to water content adjustment by a combined dehydrator.
In this embodiment, if the water content of the fish meal, the krill meal, the chicken meal, the earthworm meal and the tenebrio molitor meal is higher than 12%, the harmful problem of rapid deterioration of the meal is likely to occur.
A method for producing the feed for young shrimps as claimed in claim 2, wherein the drying temperature of said chicken powder is 70-75 deg.C, and the drying time is 15-25 min.
In this embodiment, the drying temperature refers to the display temperature of the drying device, and finally, the moisture content of the chicken powder can be slowly reduced to below 12% within a proper range of 70-75 ℃.
The structure of the combined dehydrator comprises a fixed water receiving frame unit 1, a heating box unit 2 and a rotating frame unit 3, wherein the fixed water receiving frame unit 1 is provided with an inclined upper surface and used for drying chicken powder a, and the rotating frame unit 3 is arranged on the inclined upper surface and used for heating and dehydrating frozen chicken blocks b.
In the prior art, the chicken pieces are stored and transported in a frozen form, so in this embodiment, if the frozen chicken pieces b are directly put into a grinder, several harmful problems occur as follows: 1. the frozen chicken b is too hard and can crash the shell of the grinder; 2. the cutter body has high crushing difficulty, and the whole crushing efficiency is greatly reduced; 3. the discharging position of the crusher flows a great amount of water, the material receiving operation is difficult, and the environmental sanitation of the operation site is damaged, so in conclusion, before the frozen chicken b is crushed, the frozen chicken b needs to be thawed and dewatered.
Therefore, the general application method and advantages of the combined dehydrator in this embodiment are as follows.
Firstly, prepared chicken powder a is placed in the heating box unit 2, frozen chicken blocks b to be crushed are placed in the rotating frame unit 3, the former is heated and dried by an electric heating wire, and the latter is rotated to remove water.
Secondly, the high temperature condition in the heating box unit 2 is a heat source for accelerating the ice block to be thawed, the ice block at the position of the rotating frame unit 3 is a cold source required by the liquefaction of water vapor generated by drying the chicken powder a, the rapid thawing of the ice block is ensured, the water vapor of the chicken powder a can not return to the chicken powder, and the ice block and the chicken powder are completely separated and cannot mutually influence each other.
Thirdly, the condensed water c flows down from the inner side surface of the heating box unit 2, the unfrozen water d flows down from the outer side surface, and all the water is received by the fixed water receiving frame unit 1, so that the combined dehydration operation of drying and unfreezing is ensured to have the advantages of high efficiency and order, and the environmental sanitation of the operation site is smoothly maintained.
The fixed water receiving frame unit 1 comprises a fixed bottom plate 101, a water outlet 102 arranged on the fixed bottom plate 101 and used for receiving condensed water c and defrosted water d downwards, a water receiving frame body 103 arranged on the lower surface of the fixed bottom plate 101 and positioned below the water outlet 102, and a chicken powder placing plate 104 arranged on the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate 101 and positioned in the heating box unit 2.
In this embodiment, the fixed baseplate 101 is provided with a ground support frame, the water receiving frame body 103 is used for receiving condensed water c and defrosted water d simultaneously, the chicken powder placing plate 104 is provided with a chicken powder tray, so that stable drying of multiple batches of chicken powder can be ensured in sequence.
The heating box unit 2 comprises a water body guide plate 201 which is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate 101 and penetrates through the water outlet 102, two side sealing plates 202 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the water body guide plate 201, an inclined top plate 203 which is arranged on the upper surface of the water body guide plate 201 and is used for installing the rotating frame unit 3, a hinged opening-closing plate 204 which is arranged on the side edge of the upper end of the inclined top plate 203, and a heating wire heater 205 which is arranged on the inner side surface of the hinged opening-closing plate 204.
In this embodiment, the water deflector 201 spans across the drain 102, which is important to ensure that there is a space for both the condensed water c and the defrosted water d to fall at the drain 102.
In addition, the inclination angle of the inclined top plate 203 is also necessary, which is a liquefaction part for the condensed water c and a flowing-down part for the unfrozen water d, so that the larger the inclination angle of the inclined top plate 203 is, the better the condensed water c is, the more quickly the unfrozen water d can flow down and be discharged.
The hinged opening-closing plate 204 is a part for taking and placing the chicken powder a, the lower side of the hinged opening-closing plate is rotated upwards to be opened, and the heating wire heater 205 is a conventional common electric heater and comprises a waterproof metal box body easy to conduct heat and an internal heating wire, for example, a common winter heating heater.
Finally, the heating wire heater 205 and the condensed water c are respectively located at both sides, which further ensures that the heating wire heater 205 does not enter water and short circuit.
The rotating frame unit 3 comprises a rectangular water retaining frame 301 arranged on the inclined top plate 203, a defrosted water falling opening 302 arranged on a plate body below the rectangular water retaining frame 301, an inward protruding plate 303 arranged on the rectangular water retaining frame 301, an inverted motor 304 arranged on the inward protruding plate 303 and with a shaft body facing the inclined top plate 203, a rotating column 305 arranged on the shaft body, and a perforated frame body 306 arranged on the rotating column 305 and used for placing the frozen chicken pieces b.
In this embodiment, the protruding height of the rectangular water retaining frame 301 on the inclined top plate 203 needs to be relatively large to avoid the splashing of the rotating splashed water, and the thawing water falling port 302 is located on one side of the water body guide plate 201 to ensure that the thawing water d sequentially passes through the thawing water falling port 302, the water body guide plate 201 and the water outlet 102 and finally enters the water receiving frame body 103.
The perforated frame 306 rotates along with the inclined top plate 203, so that heat generated by drying below can be quickly transferred to the frozen chicken b, and the five side surfaces of the perforated frame 306 are provided with holes, so that unfrozen water d can be quickly and centrifugally thrown away.
The fixed water receiving frame unit 1 further comprises a reinforcing plate 105 which is arranged in the water outlet 102 and used for supporting the water body flow guide plate 201.
In this embodiment, gusset plate 105 with the vertical coincidence of water guide plate 201 guarantees that the action of flowing water on both sides is not influenced, moreover water guide plate 201 has the weight of electrical equipment, the weight of chicken piece after all, consequently sets up gusset plate 105 can further improve the operating stability of combination formula hydroextractor.
The region of the drain port 102 located inside the heating box unit 2 is a condensed water discharge region, the region located outside the heating box unit 2 is a defrosted water discharge region, and the area of the condensed water discharge region is smaller than the defrosted water discharge region.
In the prior art, the moisture content of the frozen chicken b can reach more than 30 percent, so the quantity of unfrozen water d is far larger than that of condensed water c, and the unfrozen water discharge area is wider and narrower, thereby meeting the actual drainage requirement.
The heating box unit 2 further includes an opening handle 206 disposed on an outer side of the hinged opening plate 204.
In this embodiment, the hinged opening plate 204 needs to be relatively frequently rotated to open and close for picking and placing the chicken powder a, so the opening handle 206 is provided to facilitate the operation thereof.
Moreover, the hinge plate 204 does not require a fixing structure, and it is naturally hung down to sufficiently close the entire heating box unit 2, and the sealing property is sufficient.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. These are non-inventive modifications, which are intended to be protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A prawn larva feed comprises animal powder, plant powder, fish oil for spraying, a nutritional additive and an additive for feed, and is characterized in that: the animal powder comprises fish meal, krill meal, chicken meal, earthworm meal and tenebrio molitor meal, and the ratio of the adding weight of the animal powder to the adding weight of the plant powder is 1: (2-4).
2. The prawn larva feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water content of the fish meal, the krill meal, the chicken meal, the earthworm meal and the tenebrio molitor meal is less than or equal to 12%, the chicken meal is prepared by crushing frozen chicken blocks, the frozen chicken blocks and the chicken meal in different batches are subjected to water content adjustment by a combined dehydrator.
3. A method for producing a prawn larva feed according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drying temperature of the chicken powder is 70-75 ℃, and the drying time is 15-25 min.
4. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the structure of combination formula hydroextractor is in including fixed water receiving frame unit (1), set up fixed water receiving frame unit (1) is gone up and has the upper surface that inclines to heating cabinet unit (2) of stoving chicken powder (a), and set up on the upper surface that inclines and be used for heating, spin-dry rotatory frame unit (3) of dewatering operation freezing chicken piece (b).
5. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the fixed water receiving frame unit (1) comprises a fixed bottom plate (101), a water outlet (102) arranged on the fixed bottom plate (101) and used for downwards receiving condensed water (c) and unfrozen water (d), a water receiving frame body (103) arranged on the lower surface of the fixed bottom plate (101) and located below the water outlet (102), and a chicken powder placing plate (104) arranged on the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate (101) and located in the heating box unit (2).
6. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the heating box unit (2) comprises a water body guide plate (201) which is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed bottom plate (101) and penetrates through the water outlet (102), two side sealing plates (202) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the water body guide plate (201), an inclined top plate (203) which is arranged on the upper surface of the water body guide plate (201) and used for installing the rotating frame unit (3), a hinged opening-closing plate (204) which is arranged at the side edge of the upper end of the inclined top plate (203), and an electric heating wire heater (205) which is arranged on the inner side surface of the hinged opening-closing plate (204).
7. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the rotating frame unit (3) comprises a rectangular water retaining frame (301) arranged on the inclined top plate (203), a defrosted water falling opening (302) arranged on a plate body below the rectangular water retaining frame (301), an inward protruding plate (303) arranged on the rectangular water retaining frame (301), an inverted motor (304) arranged on the inward protruding plate (303) and with a shaft body facing the inclined top plate (203), a rotating column (305) arranged on the shaft body, and a perforated frame body (306) arranged on the rotating column (305) and used for placing the frozen chicken blocks (b).
8. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the fixed water receiving frame unit (1) further comprises a reinforcing plate (105) which is arranged in the water outlet (102) and used for supporting the water body guide plate (201).
9. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the area of the water outlet (102) in the heating box unit (2) is a condensed water discharge area, the area outside the heating box unit (2) is a defrosted water discharge area, and the area of the condensed water discharge area is smaller than that of the defrosted water discharge area.
10. The production method of the prawn larva feed according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the heating box unit (2) further comprises an opening handle (206) arranged on the outer side surface of the hinged opening plate (204).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111646108.4A CN114304438A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Prawn larva feed and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111646108.4A CN114304438A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Prawn larva feed and production method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114304438A true CN114304438A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111646108.4A Pending CN114304438A (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Prawn larva feed and production method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106260745A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 集美大学 | A kind of low-carbon type Litopenaeus vannamei ecological feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN214283094U (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-09-28 | 山东鼎科检测技术有限公司 | Meat detects dewatering device that unfreezes fast |
-
2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202111646108.4A patent/CN114304438A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106260745A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2017-01-04 | 集美大学 | A kind of low-carbon type Litopenaeus vannamei ecological feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN214283094U (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-09-28 | 山东鼎科检测技术有限公司 | Meat detects dewatering device that unfreezes fast |
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Application publication date: 20220412 |