CN114303629A

CN114303629A - Harvester for harvesting vegetables in rows

Info

Publication number: CN114303629A
Application number: CN202210064153.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘有强
Original assignee: Liaocheng Houde Paper Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Liaocheng Houde Paper Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-20
Filing date: 2022-01-20
Publication date: 2022-04-12

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable harvesting, and particularly relates to a harvester for harvesting in-line vegetables, which comprises a walking system, a header system, a storage system, an electric cabinet and a battery box, wherein the header system comprises a divider, a clamping conveyer belt guide wheel, a clamping conveyer belt telescopic wheel, a horizontal cutting blade, a stepping motor, a cutting blade lifting device, a header lifting device, a header lifting stabilizing device, a clamping conveyer belt and a clamping conveyer belt driving device, and the clamping conveyer belt guide wheel is arranged on one side of the clamping conveyer belt telescopic wheel. According to the vegetable harvester, the motor system consisting of the clamping conveyer belt, the horizontal cutting blade, the servo motor and the stepping motor, the cutting knife lifting device and the header lifting device are arranged, so that the vegetable harvester does not damage vegetables during harvesting, the harvesting effect is good, time and labor are saved, the vegetable harvester is suitable for various vegetables such as Chinese chives, celery, spinach, crowndaisy chrysanthemum, swamp cabbage and the like which are in line, the harvesting stability is good, and the practical range is wide.

Description

Harvester for harvesting vegetables in rows

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable harvesting, in particular to a harvester for harvesting vegetables in rows.

Background

The vegetable harvesting machine is a machine for harvesting, picking or digging edible parts of vegetables and carrying out operations such as loading, cleaning, grading, packaging and the like, in recent years, factors such as rural labor cost rise, personnel shortage, aging, low mechanization degree and the like seriously restrict the continuous development of vegetable production, and the realization of mechanization of vegetable production is an urgent task. However, the existing harvester is pushed by manpower, the harvesting speed is not stable enough, a large amount of manpower is consumed, the harvester cannot correspondingly adjust the width of the harvested vegetables according to the row width of the vegetables, the vegetables are crushed during harvesting, the green vegetables are easy to damage, the harvesting difficulty is large, meanwhile, the traditional vegetable harvester also has the problems of asynchronous driving of the vegetable harvester, driving of the clamping conveyer belt and driving of the cutting knife, poor harvesting stability, inclined vegetable stubble when the blade harvests the vegetables, and influence on the growth of the next vegetable due to poor quality of the harvested vegetables, the vegetable harvester has the advantages that vegetables cannot be damaged during harvesting, the harvesting effect is good, time and labor are saved, and the vegetable harvester is suitable for various vegetables such as Chinese chives, celery, spinach, crowndaisy chrysanthemum, water spinach and the like which are planted in rows (drilling or dibbling).

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a harvester for harvesting rows of vegetables that solves the problems set forth in the background above.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a harvester for harvesting in-line vegetables comprises a walking system, a header system, a storage system, an electric cabinet and a battery box, wherein the header system comprises a nearside divider, a clamping conveyer belt guide wheel, a clamping conveyer belt retractable wheel, a horizontal cutting blade, a stepping motor, a cutting knife lifting device, a header lifting device, a header lifting stabilizing device, a clamping conveyer belt and a clamping conveyer belt driving device, a clamping conveyer belt guide wheel is arranged on one side of the clamping conveyer belt retractable wheel, a divider is arranged on one side of the clamping conveyer belt guide wheel far away from the clamping conveyer belt retractable wheel, the below of centre gripping conveyer belt expansion pulley is rotated and is installed horizontal cutting blade, the top of horizontal cutting blade is provided with step motor, step motor keeps away from a side of divider and is provided with cutting knife elevating gear.

As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the walking system includes: chassis, direction part and drive part, the direction part includes: steering wheel, steering gear, direction wheel and seat, one side that step motor was kept away from to cutting knife elevating gear is rotated and is installed the steering wheel, the below of steering wheel is provided with the steering gear, one side that horizontal cutting blade was kept away from to the steering gear is provided with the direction wheel, the medial surface of direction wheel is provided with header lift stabilising arrangement, one side that the steering wheel was kept away from to header lift stabilising arrangement is provided with the seat, the below of seat is provided with the chassis, header elevating gear is installed to the below screw thread on chassis, one side that the steering gear was kept away from to header elevating gear is provided with the electric cabinet, one side that header elevating gear was kept away from to the electric cabinet is provided with the battery box.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the driving part comprises a driving wheel and a rear axle, the driving wheel is arranged on the outer surface of the chassis, the clamping conveying belt driving device is rotatably installed on the inner side surface of the clamping conveying belt, the rear axle is welded on one side of the chassis far away from the grain divider, and the containing system is movably installed on the upper end surface of the rear axle.

According to a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one side of the clamping conveyer belt driving device is rotatably connected with a clamping conveyer belt, and a cutting table is arranged on the outer side of the clamping conveyer belt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a harvester for harvesting vegetables in rows, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. the harvester for harvesting the vegetables in rows is characterized in that a guide wheel and a telescopic wheel for clamping a conveying belt are arranged at the front end of a header; the clamping conveyer belt consists of a guide belt and a base belt attached closed-cell antibacterial sponge; every line of vegetables are carried by two centre gripping conveyer belt centre gripping, and the centre gripping can be accomplished by the elasticity of the antibiotic sponge of obturator under the normal condition, if vegetables are wider than sponge elasticity centre gripping scope, then the expansion pulley can be adjusted according to the width of vegetables is automatic to the width of adaptation vegetables, guarantee the clamping function of vegetable harvester and avoid vegetables to be blocked.

2. This a harvester for in-line vegetables results through setting up horizontal cutting blade, can paste ground and cut, compares traditional blade and can effectively avoid the vegetables stubble slope of reaping, has both guaranteed the quality of reaping vegetables and can not influence the growth of next stubble vegetables again.

3. This a harvester for in line vegetables results, motor system through setting up servo motor and step motor and constitute, servo motor provides power for the operation of vegetables harvester and centre gripping conveyer belt, it is more accurate to fix a position, it is accurate, horizontal cutting blade then provides power by step motor, step motor makes the horizontal cutting blade's of vegetables harvester easier control rotational speed, make horizontal cutting blade reliability higher, the motor system is mutually supported, the vegetables harvester drive has been guaranteed, centre gripping conveyer belt drive, the uniformity of cutting knife driving speed, the stability of reaping has been increased.

4. This a harvester for in-line vegetables results, through setting up cutting knife elevating gear and header elevating gear, header elevating gear can upwards lift the header when meetting the higher vegetable field of relief, can be with header downstream when the relief is lower, be equipped with header lift stabilising arrangement simultaneously, make header elevating gear more steady when adjusting the header height from top to bottom, prevent that the header from trembling, cutting knife elevating gear adjusts to suitable position after according to the relief at the header elevating gear, do further slight adjustment again, make vegetable harvester's cutting knife carry out more accurate the control to leaving the stubble height, vegetable harvester can adapt to different topography, strengthen harvester vegetable harvester's practicality.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a crop divider; 2. clamping a guide wheel of the conveying belt; 3. clamping a conveyer belt telescopic wheel; 4. a horizontal cutting blade; 5. a stepping motor; 6. a cutter lifting device; 7. a steering wheel; 8. a steering machine; 9. A steering wheel; 10. a seat; 11. a header; 12. a header lifting device; 13. a header lifting and stabilizing device; 14. an electric cabinet; 15. a battery box; 16. a drive wheel; 17. a storage system; 18. clamping the conveyor belt; 19. a clamping conveyor belt drive; 20. a chassis; 21. a rear axle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: vegetable harvester

Specifically, the traveling system includes: chassis 20, direction part and drive part, the direction part includes: steering wheel 7, steering wheel 8, steering wheel 9 and seat 10, one side that step motor 5 was kept away from to cutting knife elevating gear 6 is rotated and is installed steering wheel 7, the below of steering wheel 7 is provided with steering wheel 8, one side that steering wheel 8 kept away from horizontal cutting blade 4 is provided with steering wheel 9, the medial surface of steering wheel 9 is provided with header lift stabilising arrangement 13, one side that steering wheel 7 was kept away from to header lift stabilising arrangement 13 is provided with seat 10, the below of seat 10 is provided with chassis 20, header elevating gear 12 is installed to chassis 20's below screw thread, one side that steering wheel 8 was kept away from to header elevating gear 12 is provided with electric cabinet 14, one side that header elevating gear 12 was kept away from to electric cabinet 14 is provided with battery box 15.

Specifically, the driving part comprises a driving wheel 16 and a rear axle 21, the driving wheel 16 is arranged on the outer surface of the chassis 20, the clamping conveyer belt driving device 19 is rotatably installed on the inner side surface of the clamping conveyer belt 18, the rear axle 21 is welded on one side, away from the divider 1, of the chassis 20, and the containing system 17 is movably installed on the upper end surface of the rear axle 21.

Specifically, one side of the clamping conveyer belt driving device 19 is rotatably connected with a clamping conveyer belt 18, and a cutting table 11 is arranged outside the clamping conveyer belt 18.

In the embodiment, the harvester adopts a battery as a power source, so that pollution possibly caused by fuel power is avoided, the standing branches and leaves of vegetables are lifted by the grain divider 1, the vegetables are clamped by the clamping conveyer belt 18, the vegetable harvester can be cut by adhering the horizontal cutting blade 4 to the ground, compared with the traditional blade, the inclination of the harvested vegetable stubble openings can be effectively avoided, the quality of the harvested vegetables is ensured, and the growth of the next batch of vegetables cannot be influenced, the stepping motor 5 provides power for the rotation of the horizontal cutting blade 4, the height of the horizontal cutting blade 4 is adjusted by the cutting blade lifting device 6, the moving direction of the vegetable harvester is adjusted by the steering wheel 7, the header lifting and stabilizing device 13 enables the header lifting device 12 to be more stable when the height of the header 11 is adjusted up and down, the header 11 is prevented from shaking, and the electric cabinet 14 is provided with a circuit breaker; a leakage protector; a PLC controller; an inverter; a relay; servo and stepper motor drivers; a signal conversion module; the storage system 17 is composed of a rack, a plastic basket and a vegetable gathering device, and all motors and electric actuators are controlled to work through a PLC program in the electric cabinet 14, so that various actions and protection are realized.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the harvester adopts a battery as a power source, and various actions and protection are realized by controlling the work of each motor and each electric actuator through a program of a PLC in the electric cabinet 14.

The right hand side of the vegetable harvester is provided with an operating panel, and the operating panel is provided with a knob and a jog button which are respectively used for controlling the switching of the walking/working modes, adjusting the walking speed, the integral lifting of the header 11 and the lifting of the horizontal cutting blade 4.

Rear wheel servo motor rotates during the mode of operation, and the drive vegetables harvester operation, fixes a position more accurately, accurate, gives 18 servo motor of centre gripping conveyer belt and step motor 5 through PLC output signal simultaneously, makes the functioning speed of centre gripping conveyer belt 18 and vegetables harvester walking speed keep unanimous, and 4 functioning speeds of horizontal cutting blade and the speed of centre gripping conveyer belt 18 are in a certain proportion. At the moment, the seedling divider 1 lifts branches and leaves of vegetables falling down along with the walking of the vegetable harvester, the clamping conveyer belt 18 clamps the vegetables, the horizontal cutting blade 4 rotates to cut the vegetables from the roots, the clamping conveyer belt 18 conveys the cut vegetables to the vegetable gathering device behind the vegetable harvester, the vegetables are gathered and then fall into the containing box, and the process is repeated.

When the vegetable harvester needs to turn around, the walking/working knob is turned to the middle position to stop, the vegetable harvester stops, meanwhile, the PLC program controls the clamping conveyer belt 18 and the horizontal cutting blade 4 to operate at a certain speed for a set time (generally set for 1-3 seconds), so that cut vegetables can be conveyed to the containing box, the vegetables are prevented from being stopped on the clamping conveyer belt 18, the vegetables which are not cut yet are prevented from being clamped by the front end, and the clamping conveyer belt 18 and the horizontal cutting blade 4 are protected. In addition, for safety consideration, the working mode can only move forward and cannot move backward; the mode can be switched to a walking mode when backing is needed. In the travel mode, neither the clamp conveyor 18 nor the horizontal cutting blade 4 is actuated.

The header 11 is lifted to the right position by inching the header 11 lifting button, and the header 11 can move forward or backward to turn around when being switched to the walking mode (the header 11 cannot be lifted to the right position, and the header cannot move even if being switched to the walking mode due to program protection).

The invention has the following use process:

closing a circuit breaker outside the electric control box 14, electrifying the electric control box 14, then enabling a worker to sit on the seat 10, turning the walking/working knob of the right-hand operating panel from the middle position to the left walking mode, and flashing a signal lamp yellow; the vegetable harvester is driven to a place where vegetables need to be harvested, the vegetable harvester does not need to be manually pushed, labor is saved, if backing is needed, a forward and backward gear lever on the right hand side below the steering wheel 7 is pulled backwards to a proper position (the gear lever is a forward gear in front and a backward gear in back), and the vegetable harvester starts backing; the right foot steps down the brake, and the vegetable harvester stops; if the vegetable harvester needs to move forward, the forward and backward gear rod is pushed forward one grid from the backward gear, then the speed knob in the middle of the right hand operating disc is slowly rotated clockwise from zero (the speed is adjusted to be proper) and the vegetable harvester starts to move forward; when the vegetable harvester is stopped, the speed knob is rotated to zero against the hour hand, and the brake is simultaneously stepped on, so that the vegetable harvester is stopped; if emergency happens, the brake can be directly stepped down and then the speed knob is reset to zero, after the vegetable is harvested to a place where the vegetable is needed, the walking/working knob of the right hand operating disc is turned to the right side working mode from the middle position, and the red light of the signal lamp is flashed; the left rear high-low lever of the seat 10 is pulled forward to a low gear (low gear forward, high gear backward); the blue button on the left of the inching operation panel is used for descending the header 11, the red button is used for ascending the header 11, and the header 11 is descended to a position suitable for working or descended to the bottom; clicking the button on the right side of the operating panel red for the horizontal cutting blade 4 to rise and blue for the horizontal cutting blade 4 to fall, to adjust the horizontal cutting blade 4 in position (typically 3-5 mm from the ground); the forward and backward shift lever is placed at a forward shift, a speed knob in the middle of a right-hand operating panel is slowly rotated clockwise from zero (the speed can be fixed by adjusting to a proper speed and loosening), the vegetable harvester starts to advance, the clamping conveyer belts 18 run synchronously along with the vegetable harvester, the nearside leaves of the vegetables are lifted by the nearside divider 1, the clamping conveyer belts 18 clamp the vegetables, each row of the vegetables are clamped and conveyed by the two clamping conveyer belts 18 (the horizontal cutting blade 4 is clamped firstly and simultaneously cut and conveyed), the clamping can be completed by the elasticity of the antibacterial closed-cell sponge under normal conditions, if the vegetables are wider than the elastic clamping range of the sponge, the expansion wheels can be automatically adjusted according to the width of the vegetables to adapt to the width of the vegetables, the clamping function of the vegetable harvester is ensured and the vegetables are prevented from being clamped, the clamping conveyer belts 18 are compounded by the closed-cell antibacterial sponge, the horizontal cutting blade 4 rotates at the same time to harvest vegetables and can be attached to the ground for cutting, compared with the traditional blade, the horizontal cutting blade can effectively avoid the inclination of the stubble of the harvested vegetables, not only the quality of the harvested vegetables is ensured, but also the growth of the next batch of vegetables is not influenced, the power of the horizontal cutting blade 4 is provided by the stepping motor 5, the stepping motor 5 enables the vegetable harvester to more easily control the rotating speed of the horizontal cutting blade 4, the reliability of the horizontal cutting blade 4 is higher, the motor systems are mutually matched, the consistency of the driving speed of the horizontal cutting blade 4, the driving speed of the vegetable harvester, the driving speed of the clamping conveyer belt 18 and the driving speed of the horizontal cutting blade 4 are ensured, the harvesting stability is improved, the cut vegetables are conveyed to a vegetable gathering device behind the vegetable harvester, and fall into the containing box after being gathered, by the circulation, the header lifting device 12 can lift the header 11 upwards when meeting the vegetable field with higher terrain, can move the header 11 downwards when the terrain is lower, meanwhile, the header lifting stabilizing device 13 is arranged, so that the header lifting device 12 is more stable when the height of the header 11 is adjusted up and down, the header 11 is prevented from shaking, after the cutting knife lifting device 6 is adjusted to a proper position according to the terrain by the header lifting device 12, further fine adjustment is carried out, so that the horizontal cutting blade 4 of the vegetable harvester can accurately control the stubble height (the precision can reach 0.5-1mm), the vegetable harvester can adapt to different terrains, the practicability of the vegetable harvester is enhanced, the harvester can harvest two rows of vegetables simultaneously, one person can drive the harvester (replace 20-30 persons for work), the efficiency is improved, and the labor force is liberated.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harvester for in line vegetables results, includes traveling system, header system, storage system (17), electric cabinet (14) and battery box (15) five parts and constitutes its characterized in that: the cutting table system comprises a nearside divider (1), a clamping conveyer belt guide wheel (2), a clamping conveyer belt telescopic wheel (3), a horizontal cutting blade (4), a stepping motor (5), a cutting knife lifting device (6), a cutting table (11), a cutting table lifting device (12), a cutting table lifting stabilizing device (13), a clamping conveyer belt (18) and a clamping conveyer belt driving device (19), one side of the clamping conveyer belt telescopic wheel (3) is provided with a clamping conveyer belt guide wheel (2), a divider (1) is arranged on one side of the clamping conveyer belt guide wheel (2) far away from the clamping conveyer belt telescopic wheel (3), a horizontal cutting blade (4) is rotatably arranged below the clamping conveyer belt telescopic wheel (3), a stepping motor (5) is arranged above the horizontal cutting blade (4), a cutting knife lifting device (6) is arranged on one side of the stepping motor (5) far away from the divider (1).

2. A harvester for harvesting rows of vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the walking system comprises: a chassis (20), a direction section and a drive section, the direction section comprising: a steering wheel (7), a steering machine (8), a steering wheel (9) and a seat (10), a steering wheel (7) is rotatably arranged on one side of the cutting knife lifting device (6) far away from the stepping motor (5), a steering machine (8) is arranged below the steering wheel (7), a steering wheel (9) is arranged on one side of the steering machine (8) far away from the horizontal cutting blade (4), a header lifting stabilizing device (13) is arranged on the inner side surface of the direction wheel (9), a seat (10) is arranged on one side of the header lifting stabilizing device (13) far away from the steering wheel (7), a chassis (20) is arranged below the seat (10), a header lifting device (12) is installed below the chassis (20) in a threaded manner, an electric cabinet (14) is arranged on one side of the header lifting device (12) far away from the steering machine (8), and a battery box (15) is arranged on one side of the electric cabinet (14) far away from the header lifting device (12).

3. A harvester for harvesting rows of vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving part comprises a driving wheel (16) and a rear axle (21), the driving wheel (16) is arranged on the outer surface of the chassis (20), a clamping conveyer belt driving device (19) is installed on the inner side surface of the clamping conveyer belt (18) in a rotating mode, the rear axle (21) is welded on one side, away from the divider (1), of the chassis (20), and a storage system (17) is movably installed on the upper end face of the rear axle (21).

4. A harvester for harvesting rows of vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the clamping conveyer belt driving device (19) is rotatably connected with a clamping conveyer belt (18), and a cutting table (11) is arranged on the outer side of the clamping conveyer belt (18).