CN110199677A - Sawing formula automates maize-straw harvestor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a corn stalk harvester, in particular to a sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester. It includes a frame and a walking tractor installed on the frame, a double carding mechanism, a sawing device, an inclined plate mechanism, a shifting tooth dumping device and a front wheel longitudinal adjustment device; the double carding mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame, The gasoline engine, the inclined plate mechanism and the shifting tooth dumping device are installed above the frame, and the front wheel longitudinal adjustment mechanism is installed below the frame; the walking tractor uses a gasoline engine, and the gasoline engine is connected with the sawing device and the shifting tooth dumping device, The gasoline engine drives the saw blade of the sawing device to rotate through the belt drive, and the saw blade rotates while driving the gear of the gear dumping device to run. Simple structure, reliable performance, flexible and convenient use, high degree of automation, easy maintenance, low energy consumption, and truly integrate the design concept of practicality and low cost throughout, greatly improving the harvesting efficiency of corn stalks in some areas of my country.

Description

Sawing Automatic Corn Stalk Harvester

technical field

The invention relates to a corn stalk harvester, in particular to a sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester.

Background technique

Food is the most important thing for the people, and corn, as an important food crop for human beings, is extremely widely planted in our country. my country's landforms are dominated by hills and mountains, and most of them are distributed in small plots and the terrain is rugged. It is not suitable for large-scale centralized operations of large-scale machinery and equipment, which brings great difficulties to corn harvesting. Maize often encounters strong winds during the mature period, and occasionally it will be blown down in pieces. Due to the design of the large corn harvester, the up and down movement of the tooth separator cannot be realized, so the corn stalks scraped on the ground cannot be harvested, resulting in waste of cutting. For example, in Northwest Liaoning, corn is an important local food crop and economic crop. Because of its adaptability, strong disease resistance, and easy care, local farmers widely plant it. The local terrain is mostly hills and mountains, with ravines and ravines, making it difficult for large machinery to operate. At present, local farmers still generally use the original manual method of cutting with a sickle. First, the corn stalks are cut down, then the corn is peeled off, and then the corn stalks are dried and bundled. This primitive operation method has a large amount of labor, is prone to fatigue, and has extremely low labor productivity. At the same time, strong rural laborers have all gathered in cities and chose to work in developed cities. Empty nests have appeared in many rural areas, with the elderly and children staying behind, unable to bear the heavy corn harvesting work.

201621406814-6 discloses "A Corn Stalk Harvester Tool". Although it has a simple structure, it has no independent power source and needs to be mounted on a large tractor device, which cannot adapt to small plots such as mountains, hills, and slopes. The efficiency is relatively low. At the same time, the equipment cannot adjust the harvesting height, and it cannot do anything about corn stalks growing in complex terrain or straws blown down by wind.

201720019736-2 discloses "Corn Stalk Harvester", which includes a first fixing device, a first drive shaft, a second drive shaft, a connector, a conveying device, a bracket, a cab and a steering wheel, and the left side of the first fixing device passes through the cutter shaft It is fixedly connected with the second fixing device, and a cutter is installed on the cutter shaft, a protective cover is arranged on the left side of the first drive shaft, and a transmission belt is installed on the inside of the protective cover, a transmission belt is installed on the left side of the second drive shaft, and a drive belt is installed on the right side of the second drive shaft. The side is fixedly connected with the driving motor, the lower side of the connector is fixedly connected with the driving motor, and the control box is installed on the upper side of the connector, the feeding device is installed on the lower side of the conveying device, and the hydraulic lifter is installed on the left side of the bracket, which can realize height adjust. Although it has a high degree of automation, the equipment has a complex structure and a large volume, which is not suitable for harvesting corn in small plots, and its ultimate purpose is to cut and break straw into silage for storage, so it is not suitable for harvesting corn in the mature stage of the field .

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester. The structure is simple, easy to use, adopts the only power source, strong adaptability, low cost, greatly improves the efficiency of corn stalk harvesting, can liberate laborers from heavy physical labor, and is beneficial to promote the modernization of agricultural production in our country.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:

A sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester, comprising a frame and a walking tractor mounted on the frame, a double carding mechanism, a sawing device, a tilting plate mechanism, a tooth dumping device and a front wheel longitudinal adjustment device; The double carding mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame, the gasoline engine, the inclined plate mechanism and the shifting tooth dumping device are installed above the frame, and the front wheel longitudinal adjustment mechanism is installed below the frame; the walking tractor adopts a gasoline engine, and the gasoline engine Connected with the sawing device and the shifting tooth dumping device, the gasoline engine drives the saw blade of the sawing device to rotate through a belt drive, and the saw blade rotates while driving the shifting tooth of the shifting tooth dumping device to run.

The front wheel longitudinal adjustment device includes a wheel frame, a wheel fork, a positioning pin and a wheel; the wheel is installed on the wheel fork, and the wheel fork is installed on the bottom of the wheel frame through the positioning pin.

The sawing device includes a saw blade, a bracket and a power steering device; a plurality of disc saw blades are horizontally installed side by side at the bottom of the bracket, the input end of the power steering device is connected with the gasoline engine, and the output end drives a plurality of discs through a belt drive The saw blades rotate synchronously.

The power steering device includes a box body and a pair of vertically meshing bevel gears with a transmission ratio of 1:1.

The double carding mechanism includes an upper carding device and a lower carding device; the lower carding device is a triangular plate, and multiple lower carding devices are fixed side by side on the bracket of the sawing device, and the upper carding device is located on the lower carding device. Above the carding device, the upper and lower carding devices correspond to the upper and lower positions of the lower carding device.

The upper carding device includes an upper carding plate and a support tube, the head of the upper carding plate is a triangular plate corresponding to the lower carding device, the tail is a sleeve, and the upper carding plate and the support tube are tubular sockets. The pin is fixed.

The gear shifting device includes a front reducer, a drive frame, an upper conveyor belt, a lower drive belt and a gear shifter; the input shaft of the front reducer is the same shaft as the shaft of the leftmost saw blade of the sawing device, and the length of the front reducer is The output shaft is installed on the top of the transmission frame, the long output shaft drives the upper transmission belt to run, the short output shaft of the front reducer is installed at the bottom of the transmission frame, and the short output shaft drives the lower transmission belt to run; the shifting teeth are installed on the upper transmission belt and the lower transmission belt.

The shifting teeth are fixed on the transition rubber seat, and the transition rubber seat is fixed on the upper transmission belt and the lower transmission belt.

The tilting plate mechanism includes a tilting plate, a nut, and a screw; the bottom of the tilting plate is hinged to the transmission frame of the shifting tooth dumping device, the nut is hinged to the upper part of the transmission frame of the shifting tooth dumping device, one end of the screw rod is hinged on the tilting plate, and the other end Installed on the nut, the inclination angle of the inclined plate can be adjusted by rotating the screw rod.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) The present invention comprises a frame and a walking tractor installed on the frame, a double carding mechanism, a sawing device, an inclined plate mechanism, and a front wheel longitudinal adjustment device; the walking tractor drives the harvester to walk, and the carding device The direction of the cut corn stalks is dredged, so that each ridge of corn stalks enters the corresponding upper and lower combs in sequence, and the roots are cut off instantly by the corresponding cutting saws, and the corn stalks whose roots are cut due to inertia will be turned upside down in turn On the inclined plate, the corn stalks dumped on the inclined plate will be instantly moved to the right side of the cutting machine by the upper and lower gear teeth, and dumped to the side in order to facilitate subsequent drying and binding operations. The invention automatically completes the corn stalk harvesting operation, liberates laborers from heavy physical labor, improves harvesting operation efficiency, and is beneficial to promoting the modernization of agricultural production in my country.

(2) The present invention performs power transmission through the power steering device and the front reducer; the power transmission distance is short, the power transmission efficiency is high, no high-strength parts are used, and the performance is reliable.

(3) The present invention adopts a walking tractor as a walking device; it is small in size, convenient and flexible to use, and is suitable for rugged mountainous areas and hills.

(4) The present invention adopts a gasoline engine as the only power source. The gasoline engine not only drives the harvester to walk, but also the gasoline engine drives the saw blade of the sawing device to rotate through a belt drive, and the gasoline engine drives the teeth of the tooth dumper through a belt transmission. Operation; the structure is simplified, the space occupied is small, the gasoline combustion efficiency is high, and the power is sufficient.

(5) The present invention adopts multiple adjustment mechanisms: it can realize the height adjustment of the upper carding device, the distance adjustment between the upper carding device and the inclined plate, the longitudinal adjustment of the front wheel, and the adjustment of the inclination angle of the inclined plate; Uncontrollable factors such as different terrain, different plant spacing, and different corn varieties.

(6) The present invention adopts belt transmission instead of gear transmission in many places, and the parts with low strength requirements are replaced by plastic or rubber, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front wheel longitudinal adjustment device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sawing device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the double carding mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tooth shifting device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the shifting tooth and the transition rubber seat of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-manual brake mechanism 2-gasoline engine 3-long conveyor drive shaft 4-lead screw 5-upper gear 6-upper transition rubber 7-inclined plate 8-transmission frame 9-upper comber 10-downward dial Tooth 11-lower transition rubber 12-front reducer 13-support pipe 14-driven front wheel I 15-locating pin I 16-wheel fork I 17-wheel frame 18-saw blade 19-saw blade drive belt 20-driving wheel 21 -rear reducer 22-shift lever 23-clutch handle 24-armrest 25-brake handle 26-throttle handle 27-power steering device 28-threaded screw adjustment handle 29-lower comber 30-conveyor belt 31-frame 32-short conveyor belt shaft 33-input shaft of front reducer 34-cutting saw blade bracket 35-driven front wheel II 36-locating pin II 37-wheel fork II

Detailed ways

The specific embodiment of the present invention will be further described below, but it is not used to limit the scope of the present invention:

As shown in Figures 1-4, a sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester includes a frame 31 and a walking tractor mounted on the frame 31, a double carding mechanism, a sawing device, an inclined plate mechanism, and a pulling tooth Dumping device and front wheel longitudinal adjustment device.

The walking system of the present invention is a walking tractor, which is an existing product, and the walking tractor is powered by a hand-drawn recoil-starting gasoline engine 2, and the engine is positioned on the frame 31 directly above the drive wheel 20, and is driven by a belt transmission. The power is transmitted to the rear speed reducer 21 . The rear reducer 21 is located at the rear of the frame 31 , and the power is transmitted to the driving wheels 20 after being decelerated by the reducer 21 . After the harvester is started, adjust the throttle size of the gasoline engine through the throttle handle arranged on the armrest to realize the speed adjustment. The clutch handle 23 arranged on the armrest cooperates with the gear lever 22 to complete the replacement and adjustment of different gears. The brake action is to realize the braking of the cutting machine in an emergency. At the same time, a manual brake mechanism 1 is provided on the handle to realize the highest braking command and prevent the car from slipping after braking.

As shown in Figure 5, the front wheel longitudinal adjustment device comprises wheel frame 17, wheel fork I16, alignment pin I15, driven wheel I14, driven front wheel II35, alignment pin II36, wheel fork II. The wheel is installed on the wheel fork, and the wheel fork is installed on the bottom of the wheel frame through positioning pins. Both the wheel frame and the wheel fork are provided with positioning holes adapted to the positioning pins, and the height of the front wheel longitudinal adjustment device is adjusted by inserting the positioning pins into different positioning holes. Height adjustment, in order to increase the stability of the car body, set 2 sets of wheels to adapt to the sawing work of corn stalks of different heights.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, the harvester frame 31 leaves enough space to install the gasoline engine 2, the rear speed reducer 21, the power steering device 27 and the sawing transmission device. The harvester frame 31 is the basis of each mechanism and runs through the harvester as a whole.

The sawing device includes a circular saw blade 18 , a cutting saw blade bracket 34 and a power steering device 27 . The input end of the power steering device 27 is connected to the gasoline engine 2 to provide power, and the output end is connected to the shaft where the cutting saw of the sawing device is located. The power steering device 27 is located in front of the engine 2 and the driving wheel 20. Composed of gears, it plays the role of power steering through bevel gear transmission. Here, in order to ensure the high-speed rotation of the harvesting knife, a transmission ratio of 1:1 is adopted without reducing the speed.

The output shaft at the lower end of the power steering device 27 is perpendicular to the ground, and the cutting saw blade bracket 34 is placed perpendicular to the running direction of the cutting machine and parallel to the ground. Place parallel to the ground. The output shaft at the lower end of the power steering device 27 is fixedly connected to the four-groove belt pulley, and the power is distributed to the four saw blades 18 by 4 belt transmissions. The cutting saw blade bracket 34 and the wheel frame 17 are connected as a whole by bolts at both ends, and 5 rectangular holes are evenly distributed on the bottom of the wheel frame 17. It is fixed in a rectangular hole and can be adjusted by moving back and forth.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the double carding mechanism includes an upper carding device 9 and a lower carding device 29 . The upper carding device includes an upper carding plate and a support tube 13, the head of the upper carding plate is a triangular plate corresponding to the lower carding device, the tail is a sleeve, and the upper carding plate and the support tube 13 are tubular sockets. The pin shaft is fixed and can be adjusted by moving up and down. There are 5 groups of similar structures arranged side by side.

The following combing device 29 is a triangular structure corresponding to the upper and lower positions of the upper combing device 9 , and the same structure of the lower combing device 29 has 5 groups, which are welded on the cutting saw blade bracket 34 in parallel. The distance adjustment of the upper and lower combs can be adapted to cutting corn stalks of different plant heights, making the designed equipment more suitable for working conditions. The purpose of the triangular structure design of the comber is to guide the cut corn stalks in the direction, one time corresponds to 4 ridges, so that each ridge of corn stalks enters the corresponding upper and lower combers in turn, and the root is cut off instantly by the corresponding cutting saw. The corn stalk that is cut off because of inertia effect root will be inverted on the inclined plate 7 successively.

The inclined plate mechanism comprises an inclined plate 7, a nut and a screw mandrel 4. The bottom of the tilting plate 7 is hinged with the drive frame 8 of the shifting tooth dumping device, and the nut is hinged at the top of the transmission frame 8 of the shifting tooth dumping device. Adjust the inclination angle of the inclined plate 7. Through the rotation adjustment of the lead screw 4, the angle adjustment of the inclined plate 7 can be realized, so as to adapt to different working conditions: 1. The corn stalks are carried on the corn stalks, and the center of gravity of the corn stalks will change randomly due to the position and weight of the corn stalks. The angle of 7 can increase the stability of its support. 2. When the equipment is operating, it may encounter operating environments with different slopes, so adjust the angle to increase its operating stability and adaptability.

As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, two sets of transmission belts 30 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the transmission frame 8. The gasoline engine outputs the power to the power steering device 27 through the belt transmission, and the power steering device 27 outputs the power to the front reducer input shaft 33 through the saw blade driving belt 19, and then outputs the power to the long conveyor belt drive shaft 3 and the short conveyor belt drive shaft 32 after deceleration.

The long conveyor belt drive shaft 3 and the short conveyor belt drive shaft 32 output the power to the upper and lower transmission belts 30 respectively, and 14 groups of shifting teeth are respectively arranged on the upper and lower conveyor belts 30, which are respectively the upper shifting teeth 5 and the lower shifting teeth 10, and the shifting teeth and The transmission belts 30 are connected through the upper transition rubber 6 and the lower transition rubber 11 respectively, so that the transmission belt 30 can realize the flexible transmission of the bending parts. The corn stalks dumped onto the inclined plate 7 will be instantly moved to one side of the cutting machine by the upper gear 5 and the lower gear 10, and then dumped to the side in order to facilitate subsequent drying and binding operations.

The present invention performs power transmission through the power steering device 27 and the front reducer 12; the power transmission distance is short, the power transmission efficiency is high, no high-strength parts are used, and the performance is reliable. The invention adopts a walking tractor as a walking device; the body is small, convenient and flexible to use, and is suitable for rugged mountainous areas and hills. The present invention adopts the gasoline engine 2 as the only power source. The gasoline engine not only drives the harvester to walk, but also drives the saw blade of the sawing device to rotate through the belt drive, and the gasoline engine drives the gear shifting operation of the gear dumper through the belt drive; The structure is simplified, the space occupied is small, the gasoline combustion efficiency is high, and the power is sufficient. The present invention adopts multiple adjustment mechanisms: it can realize the height adjustment of the upper carding device 9, the distance adjustment between the upper carding device 9 and the inclined plate 7, the longitudinal adjustment of the front wheel, and the adjustment of the inclination angle of the inclined plate 7; Adapt to uncontrollable factors such as different terrain, different plant spacing, and different corn varieties. The invention adopts belt transmission instead of gear transmission in many places, and replaces parts with low strength requirements with plastic or rubber, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, reliable performance, flexible and convenient use, high degree of automation, easy maintenance, low energy consumption, and the practical and low-cost design concept throughout, greatly improving the harvesting efficiency of corn stalks in some areas of my country, and can It liberates laborers from heavy physical labor and is beneficial to the modernization of agricultural production in our country.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester is characterized in that: it includes a frame and a walking tractor installed on the frame, a double carding mechanism, a sawing device, an inclined plate mechanism, a tooth shifting device and a longitudinal front wheel. Adjusting device; the double carding mechanism is installed at the front end of the frame, the gasoline engine, the inclined plate mechanism and the shifting tooth dumping device are installed above the frame, and the front wheel longitudinal adjustment mechanism is installed below the frame; the walking tractor adopts gasoline The engine, the gasoline engine is connected with the sawing device and the shifting tooth dumping device, and the gasoline engine drives the saw blade of the sawing device to rotate through a belt transmission, and drives the shifting teeth of the shifting tooth dumping device to run while the saw blade rotates. 2. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front wheel longitudinal adjustment device comprises a wheel frame, a wheel fork, a positioning pin and a wheel; the wheel is installed on the wheel fork, and the wheel fork Installed on the bottom of the wheel frame through the positioning pin. 3. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sawing device comprises a saw blade, a bracket and a power steering device; a plurality of circular saw blades are horizontally mounted side by side on the bracket At the bottom, the input end of the power steering device is connected to the gasoline engine, and the output end drives multiple circular saw blades to rotate synchronously through a belt drive. 4. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: the power steering device comprises a box body and a pair of vertically meshing bevel gears with a transmission ratio of 1:1. 5. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double combing mechanism includes an upper combing device and a lower combing device; the lower combing device is a triangular plate, and a plurality of lower combing devices The combs are fixed side by side on the bracket of the sawing device, the upper combs are located above the lower combs, and the upper and lower positions of the upper combs correspond to the lower combs one by one. 6. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper combing device includes an upper combing plate and a support tube, and the head of the upper combing plate is corresponding to the lower combing device The triangular plate, the tail is a sleeve, the upper carding plate and the support tube are tubular sockets, and are fixed by pin shafts. 7. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear shifting device includes a front reducer, a drive frame, an upper conveyor belt, a lower drive belt, and a gear; the input of the front reducer The shaft is the same as the shaft of the saw blade on the leftmost side of the sawing device. The long output shaft of the front reducer is installed on the top of the transmission frame, and the long output shaft drives the upper transmission belt to run. The short output shaft of the front reducer is installed at the bottom of the transmission frame. , the short output shaft drives the lower transmission belt to run; the shifting teeth are installed on the upper transmission belt and the lower transmission belt. 8. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: the shifting teeth are fixed on the transition rubber seat, and the transition rubber seat is fixed on the upper transmission belt and the lower transmission belt. 9. The sawing type automatic corn stalk harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inclined plate mechanism includes an inclined plate, a nut, and a screw; It is hinged on the upper part of the transmission frame of the shifting tooth dumping device, one end of the screw rod is hinged on the inclined plate, and the other end is installed on the nut, and the inclination angle of the inclined plate is adjusted by rotating the screw rod.