CN114303534B - Deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine and sowing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine, which relates to the field of agricultural machinery equipment, and the technical scheme is that the deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine comprises rotary blades, a fertilization unit, a sowing unit and a soil covering unit which are sequentially arranged; the fertilizer applying unit comprises a fertilizer box positioned at the upper part, the fertilizer box is connected with a plurality of fertilizer applying pipes, and the lower ends of the fertilizer applying pipes are provided with fertilizer outlets; a convex block is fixedly arranged on one side of the fertilization tube, which faces the rotary tillage cutter; the seeding unit comprises a seed box positioned at the upper part, and a scattering component and a precision seeding component are respectively arranged at the lower side of the seed box; the earthing unit is including main roller and the vice roller that sets gradually, and main roller includes the roller, and main roller is adjacent to set up with the smart dish of broadcasting, and the scribing hoe is kept away from to vice roller one side connection of main roller. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the device adopts a fertilizing mode of deep fertilization during sowing, effectively avoids the problem of seed burning of chemical fertilizers, realizes the sowing effect of full-width uniform sowing by a mode of combining scattering and precise sowing, and lays a good foundation for intensive planting.

Description

Deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine and sowing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery equipment, in particular to a deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine and a sowing method.

Background

The seeder is a common type of agricultural equipment, and can realize a series of operations such as rotary tillage, seeding, fertilization and the like through mechanized operation. Conventional wheat full-width seeders typically employ a spread work pattern to achieve large-width sowing. However, the conventional spreader has a large spreading area, but it is difficult to avoid the defect of covering the spread seeds at a specific position, and there is room for optimizing the spreading effect.

In addition, although many existing seeders have a fertilizing function, the existing seeders are combined with fertilizing and seeding, and do not have a very good effect on promoting seed growth.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, it has been found through in-field investigation that, in the case of disseminated sowing, it is often necessary to ensure a sufficient space between the components in order to avoid interference problems between the components, because the mechanical mechanism itself is forming the device. In addition, the mechanical implementation forms of scattering are low in self-controllability, and seed scattering is realized through the characteristics of the structure, and in the condition of the intervals of the components, no seed area or few seed areas are difficult to avoid during sowing. For the seeder with fertilization function, through planting experiments, the problem of influencing the germination rate of seeds is found that the position of fertilization and the position of seed sowing are basically consistent when the traditional seeder is used for fertilization, so that the applied granular fertilizer is contacted with the seeds, and the problem of seed burning occurs.

The invention provides a deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine.

The technical scheme is that the rotary tillage machine comprises rotary tillage blades, a fertilizing unit, a seeding unit and a soil covering unit which are sequentially arranged;

the fertilizing unit comprises a fertilizer box positioned at the upper part, a blanking component is arranged in the fertilizer box, the fertilizer box is connected with a plurality of fertilizing pipes through the blanking component, the fertilizing pipes are arranged at the lower side of the fertilizer box, the inside of the fertilizing pipes is hollow, the fertilizing pipes are communicated with the inside of the fertilizer box through the blanking component, and a fertilizer outlet is formed in the lower end of each fertilizing pipe; a convex block is fixedly arranged on one side of the fertilization tube, which faces the rotary tillage cutter;

the sowing unit comprises a seed box positioned at the upper part, a scattering component and a precision sowing component are respectively arranged at the lower side of the seed box, a blanking component is also arranged in the seed box, and the scattering component is positioned at one side close to the fertilizing unit;

the scattering component comprises a plurality of scattering pipes communicated with the interior of the seed box, the lower ends of the scattering pipes are connected with scattering heads, and the scattering heads are in a horn shape;

the precision seeding assembly comprises a plurality of precision seeding discs which are disc-type seeding structures; the specific structures of the precision seeding tray, the seed box and the blanking component in the fertilizer box are not the technical points of the application, and all adopt the prior art, and are not repeated here;

the earthing unit is including main roller and the vice roller that sets gradually, main roller includes the roller, main roller with the smart adjacent setting of sowing the dish, vice roller is kept away from main roller one side is connected and is drawn hoe.

Preferably, the horizontal height of the bottom surface of the lug is below the bottom end of the precision seeding disk, and the horizontal height difference between the bottom surface of the lug and the precision seeding disk is 3-5 cm.

Preferably, the scattering heads and the fine sowing disk are arranged in a staggered way;

in the projection of the vertical plane, the projection of the spreading head is positioned between the projections of two adjacent precision seeding discs.

Preferably, the side where the rotary tillage cutter is located is the front side of the device, the hoe comprises a hack lever which is hung on the rear side of the auxiliary pressing machine, the hack lever is -shaped, a plurality of hoe chains are distributed on the hack lever in an array mode, and each hoe chain is of a chain type structure and consists of a plurality of connected chain links.

Preferably, both ends of the hoe chain are connected with the hack lever, and the hoe chain is U-shaped.

Preferably, the spreading pipe is a vertical pipe;

the spreading head is in a flat horn shape, one end of the spreading head, facing the fine sowing disc, is an open end, the other end of the spreading head is communicated with the spreading pipe, the spreading head is obliquely arranged, and the open end of the spreading head is a low-level end;

the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity in the spreading head are both planes.

Preferably, the protruding block is a right trapezoid block, and one end of the protruding block facing the rotary blade is a tip.

Preferably, the main pressing device is hung at the rear part of the seeder shell through a main hanging frame, and the auxiliary pressing device is connected with the main hanging frame through an auxiliary hanging frame;

one end of the main hanging frame is rotationally connected with the seeder shell, the other end of the main hanging frame is rotationally connected with the auxiliary hanging frame, and the middle part of the main hanging frame is rotationally connected with the roller;

an adjusting rod is further arranged between the main hanging frame and the seeder shell, and two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively connected with the seeder shell and the main hanging frame in a rotating mode.

Preferably, the adjusting rod is a screw rod spring combination and comprises connecting pieces at two ends, wherein the upper connecting piece is L-shaped, one side of the upper connecting piece is rotationally connected with the seeder shell, a through hole is formed in the other side of the upper connecting piece, a screw rod is slidably connected in the through hole, a limit nut is arranged on the part, located on the upper side of the through hole, of the screw rod, the lower connecting piece is rotationally connected with the main hanging frame 412, the spring is arranged between the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece, and the outside of the screw rod is sleeved with the spring.

Preferably, the roller is linked with a driving mechanism of the seeder through a chain and sprocket combination.

Preferably, the auxiliary pressing machine comprises a pressing roller, wherein the pressing roller is formed by distributing a plurality of diamond rubber wheels and a disc array, the diamond rubber wheels and the discs are coaxial, and the diamond rubber wheels and the discs are coaxially and alternately arranged.

The disc is a metal disc.

The upper side of the main hanging frame is fixedly provided with an upper supporting rod, and the auxiliary hanging frame is connected with the upper supporting rod of the main hanging frame through a hanging chain.

Preferably, auxiliary rotating parts are symmetrically arranged at the two axial ends of the roller respectively;

the auxiliary rotating piece comprises a plurality of corrugated plates which are arranged along the circumferential array of the roller.

Preferably, each fertilization pipe bottom all sets up the earthing board towards one side of scattering pipe, the earthing board comprises two inclined plate bodies that set up relatively, and the vertical height of earthing board is less than the radius of roller far away.

The simple soil covering of the granular fertilizer after deep fertilization is realized through the smaller soil covering plate, and a small amount of crushed soil is covered on the upper side of the granular fertilizer, so that the direct contact of seeds and chemical fertilizers is further avoided.

Preferably, each chain ring of the hoe chain is a polygonal frame body, and a plurality of pointed rods are distributed on two sides of the frame body of each chain ring.

Preferably, the links are triangular rings.

Preferably, a plurality of motors are distributed on the rod body of the hack lever, and the number of the motors corresponds to the number of the hoe chains;

a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of each motor, and the long axis of the connecting rod is perpendicular to the motor shaft of the motor;

one end of each hoe chain is fixedly connected with the rod body of the hack lever, and the other end of each hoe chain is fixedly connected with the end part of one connecting rod.

The array of motors may also take the form of a single motor driven in combination with a plurality of sprocket chains.

Preferably, a scraper is arranged on one side of the roller, facing the auxiliary compactor.

A deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width sowing method, which uses the deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width even sowing machine, comprising the steps of,

s1, rotary tillage is carried out on the land through rotary tillage blades;

s2, forming a groove on the ground after rotary tillage by utilizing a lug at the lower end of the fertilizing tube, and enabling fertilizer particles to fall into the groove through the fertilizing tube to finish deep fertilization operation;

s3, seeds in the seed box respectively enter a scattering component and a fine sowing component, and after a fertilizing pipe, seeds are scattered and finely sowed sequentially through a scattering head and a fine sowing disk;

the seed is scattered in a large range by the scattering head;

the precision sowing disc performs seed precision sowing on the area between two adjacent sowing heads;

s4, carrying out primary compacting on the scattered and finely sowed ground through a cylindrical main compacting machine;

s5, secondary compacting is carried out on the ground by using an auxiliary compacting machine, the auxiliary compacting machine is formed by distributing a plurality of diamond rubber wheels and disc arrays, and the hardened surface of the main compacting machine after being compacted on the ground is damaged while the earth surface is compacted;

s6, the ground after the secondary compacting is scratched by the scratching hoe, so that the hardening of the soil surface layer is further broken, and the sowing work is completed.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device adopts a fertilizing mode of deep fertilization during sowing, effectively avoids the problem of seed burning of chemical fertilizers, realizes the sowing effect of full-width uniform sowing by a mode of combining scattering and precise sowing, and lays a good foundation for intensive planting. In addition, this device is through unique secondary suppression and draw hoe subassembly, can destroy the soil surface plywood knot after traditional earthing suppression to reduce because capillary phenomenon leads to the inside moisture loss's of soil condition, to sowing at saline and alkaline land environment, have fine soil moisture conservation effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of B of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the reference numerals are as follows: 1. a rotary tillage cutter; 2. a fertilization unit; 21. a fertilizer box; 22. a fertilization tube; 23. a bump; 24. a soil covering plate; 3. a sowing unit; 31. a seed box; 32. a dissemination assembly; 321. a spreading tube; 322. a spreading head; 33. a precision seeding component; 331. precision sowing discs; 4. a soil covering unit; 41. a main compactor; 411. a roller; 412; a main hanging frame; 413. an adjusting rod; 414. an auxiliary rotating member; 42. an auxiliary compactor; 421. a press roller; 422. an auxiliary hanging rack; 423. hanging a chain; 43. scribing hoe; 431. a hack lever; 432. hoe chain; 433. a motor; 434. and a connecting rod.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.

In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "configured" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed drill, which comprises rotary blades 1, a fertilization unit 2, a seeding unit 3 and a soil covering unit 4 which are sequentially arranged;

the fertilizing unit 2 comprises a fertilizer box 21 positioned at the upper part, a blanking component is arranged in the fertilizer box 21, the fertilizer box 21 is connected with a plurality of fertilizing pipes 22 through the blanking component, the fertilizing pipes 22 are arranged at the lower side of the fertilizer box 21, the inside of each fertilizing pipe 22 is hollow, the fertilizing pipes are communicated with the inside of the fertilizer box 21 through the blanking component, and a fertilizer outlet is formed in the lower end of each fertilizing pipe 22; a convex block 23 is fixedly arranged on one side of the fertilization tube 22 facing the rotary tillage cutter 1;

the seeding unit 3 comprises a seed box 31 positioned at the upper part, a scattering component 32 and a precision seeding component 33 are respectively arranged at the lower side of the seed box 31, a blanking component is also arranged in the seed box 31, and the scattering component 32 is positioned at one side close to the fertilizing unit 2;

the scattering component 32 comprises a plurality of scattering pipes 321 communicated with the inside of the seed box 31, the lower ends of the scattering pipes 321 are connected with scattering heads 322, and the scattering heads 322 are in a horn shape;

the precision seeding component 33 comprises a plurality of precision seeding discs 331, and the precision seeding discs 331 are disc-type seeding structures; the precision seeding tray 331, the seed box 31 and the blanking component in the fertilizer box 21 are not essential to the technology of the application, and all adopt the prior art, and are not described in detail herein;

the earthing unit 4 is including main roller 41 and the vice roller 42 that set gradually, and main roller 41 includes roller 411, and main roller 41 and smart the adjacent setting of sowing dish 331, and the scribing hoe 43 is connected to vice roller 42 one side of keeping away from main roller 41.

The bottom surface of the protruding block 23 is at the lower part of the bottom end of the precision seeding disk 331, and the difference of the bottom surface of the protruding block 23 and the precision seeding disk 331 is 3-5 cm.

The spreading heads 322 are staggered with the fine sowing disk 331;

in the projection of the vertical plane, the projection of the spreader head 322 is located between the projections of the adjacent two precision discs 331.

The side where the rotary tillage cutter 1 is located is the front side of the device, the scratch hoe 43 comprises a hack lever 431 hung on the rear side of the auxiliary pressing machine 42, the hack lever 431 is -shaped, a plurality of hoe chains 432 are distributed on the hack lever 431 in an array manner, and the hoe chains 432 are of a chain type structure and are composed of a plurality of connected chain links.

Both ends of hoe chain 432 are connected to hack lever 431, hoe chain 432 is U-shaped.

The spreading pipe 321 is a vertical pipe;

the spreading head 322 is in a flat horn shape, one end of the spreading head 322 facing the fine sowing disk 331 is an open end, the other end of the spreading head 322 is communicated with the spreading pipe 321, the spreading head 322 is obliquely arranged, and the open end of the spreading head 322 is a low horizontal end;

the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity inside the spreader head 322 are planar.

The side of the roller 411 facing the sub-press 42 is provided with a scraper. The scraper is used to scrape off the crushed soil on the roller 411.

When in use, the device is connected with a traction vehicle, such as a tractor. The soil is cut and rotary tillage is carried out through the rotary blade 1 at the foremost end, the lower end of the fertilizing tube 22 behind the rotary blade 1, namely the convex block 23, is extended downwards to the ground, the groove is pulled out of the ground, in the process, the granular fertilizer falls down from the fertilizer outlet at the rear side of the convex block 23, and the granular fertilizer enters the groove to complete the fertilizing operation. At the same time, the seeding unit 3 at the rear side of the fertilizer application unit 2 performs seeding work, and seeds in the seed box 31 respectively enter the scattering component 32 and the fine seeding component 33 and then fall out from the scattering head 322 and the fine seeding disk 331.

Through this seeding form, the seed gets into the head 322 that spreads through the pipe 321 that spreads, because the pipe 321 that spreads is vertical pipe, therefore the seed can obtain fairly good whereabouts speed, gets into the head 322 that spreads after the pipe 321 that spreads, the seed collides with the downside of the inside cavity of head 322 that spreads, and the head 322 downside is the plane, consequently can play good ejection effect, spreads out the seed through the opening of horn mouth.

Although the above-mentioned spreading mode has a good seed spreading effect, the number of seeds distributed at two sides of the spreading head 322 is still smaller than the number of middle areas, so that the fine sowing is performed in combination with the fine sowing disk 331, and the defects existing in the spreading are complemented, thereby realizing the full-width fine sowing.

And (3) carrying out the working procedures of earthing and breaking the surface layer hardening by using the main and auxiliary rollers and the scribing hoe after sowing.

For the fertilization process, because the fertilization height is 3-5 cm lower than the sowing height, the three effects are achieved, 1, the situation that seeds are burnt because the seeds and the fertilizer are too close to each other can not occur; 2. through deep fertilization, wind erosion loss caused by the contact of fertilizer with air is reduced; 3. the granular fertilizer is arranged below the seeds, so that the downward growth of the root systems of the seeds is promoted, and the establishment of the growth trend of the subsequent root systems is facilitated. In conclusion, the deep fertilization structure can improve the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and promote plant growth.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of example 1, the protruding block 23 is a right trapezoid block, and the end of the protruding block 23 facing the rotary blade 1 is pointed. The lugs 23 of this shape have better stability and are more conducive to ditching.

The main compactor 41 is hung at the rear part of the seeder housing through a main hanging frame 412, and the auxiliary compactor 42 is connected with the main hanging frame 412 through an auxiliary hanging frame 422;

one end of the main hanging rack 412 is rotationally connected with the seeder shell, the other end of the main hanging rack 412 is rotationally connected with the auxiliary hanging rack 422, and the middle part of the main hanging rack 412 is rotationally connected with the roller 411;

an adjusting rod 413 is further arranged between the main hanging frame 412 and the seeder shell, and two ends of the adjusting rod 413 are respectively connected with the seeder shell and the main hanging frame 412 in a rotating mode.

The adjusting rod 413 is a screw rod spring combination, and connecting pieces at two ends are included, and upper connecting piece is L shape, and upper connecting piece one side rotates with the seeder shell to be connected, and the opposite side sets up the through-hole, and sliding connection screw rod in the through-hole, and the part that the screw rod is located the through-hole upside sets up stop nut, and lower part connecting piece rotates with the main stores pylon 412 to be connected, and the spring setting is between upper connecting piece and lower part connecting piece, and the screw rod outside is established to the spring housing.

The roller 411 is hung through the connection mode of the main hanging frame 412 and the adjusting rod 413, so that the height position of the roller 411 can be adjusted, namely, the compaction force during earthing is adjusted, and the roller is prevented from excessively compacting the ground surface.

The roller 411 is linked with the driving mechanism of the planter by a chain sprocket combination.

Example 3

On the basis of the above embodiment, the auxiliary roller 42 includes a roller 421, where the roller 421 is formed by distributing a plurality of diamond rubber wheels and a disc array, the diamond rubber wheels and the disc are coaxial, and the diamond rubber wheels and the disc are coaxially and alternately arranged.

The disc is a metal disc.

An upper supporting rod is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the main hanging rack 412, and the auxiliary hanging rack 422 is connected with the upper supporting rod of the main hanging rack 412 through a hanging chain 423. Unlike the main hanger 412 which is adjusted in height to the roller 411 by the adjusting lever 413. The pressing roller 421 and the auxiliary hanging frame 422 only drop by self weight, because the weight of the pressing roller 421 is far lower than that of the roller 411, an adjusting component is not needed, and the hanging chain 423 has the function of assisting in hanging the auxiliary hanging frame 422 when the device needs to be moved and the tractor lifts the device, so that the pressing roller 421 is prevented from mopping the floor when the device moves daily.

The main compactor 41 is used for carrying out primary earthing, the sowed ground surface is compacted, the auxiliary compactor 42 is combined with a scraping hoe of a chain structure, the diamond rubber wheels are used for sealing cracks on the basis of primary earthing, and the metal disc can break the hardening of the soil surface layer. The hoe chain 432 of the hoe 43 can further finely crush and cover soil on the basis of the metal disc to block the capillary of the soil, so that the evaporation of water is reduced, soil moisture conservation, drought resistance and wheat growth promotion are realized.

Example 4

On the basis of the above-described embodiments,

auxiliary rotating pieces 414 are symmetrically arranged at the two axial ends of the roller 411 respectively;

the auxiliary rotating member 414 includes a plurality of corrugated plates arranged in an array along the circumference of the roller 411.

When the roller 411 moves in contact with the ground, the roller 411 is in a smooth cylinder shape, so that the situation that the roller 411 is not moved rotationally but dragged is difficult to avoid, and the auxiliary rotating piece 414 is arranged to help ensure that the roller 411 rotates and advances when moving, so that the effect of covering soil once is better.

The bottom end of each fertilization pipe 22 faces one side of the spreading pipe 321 and is provided with a soil covering plate 24, the soil covering plate 24 consists of two oppositely arranged inclined plate bodies, and the vertical height of the soil covering plate 24 is far smaller than the radius of the roller 411.

Simple soil covering for the granular fertilizer after deep fertilization is realized through the smaller soil covering plate 24, and a small amount of crushed soil is covered on the upper side of the granular fertilizer, so that direct contact between seeds and chemical fertilizers is further avoided.

Example 5

Referring to fig. 3, on the basis of the above embodiment, each link of hoe chain 432 is a polygonal frame, and a plurality of pointed rods are distributed on both sides of the frame of each link.

The chain ring is a triangular ring body.

The triangular chain links are combined with the pointed rod, so that the effect of breaking and thinning the surface soil after covering soil can be better achieved compared with a chain formed by the traditional elliptic chain links.

A plurality of motors 433 are distributed on the rod body of the hack lever 431, and the number of the motors 433 corresponds to the number of hoe chains 432;

a connecting rod 434 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of each motor 433, and the long axis of the connecting rod 434 is perpendicular to the motor shaft of the motor 433;

one end of each hoe chain 432 is fixedly connected with the rod body of the hack lever 431, and the other end is fixedly connected with the end of one connecting rod 434.

The effect of this structure lies in, can be when the device removes the motion of initiative drive hoe chain 432 one end continuous motion through motor 433 and connecting rod 434, to simple drag hoe chain 432 and move forward, this structure is better to blocking soil capillary effect, to the soil characteristic in saline and alkaline land, can play better soil moisture conservation effect.

The array of motors 433 may also take the form of a single motor driven in combination with a plurality of sprocket chains.

Example 6

A deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width sowing method, which uses the deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width even sowing machine, comprising the steps of,

s1, rotary tillage is carried out on the land through rotary tillage blades 1;

s2, forming a groove on the ground after rotary tillage by utilizing a lug 23 at the lower end of the fertilization tube 22, and simultaneously enabling fertilizer particles to fall into the groove through the fertilization tube 22 to finish deep fertilization operation;

s3, seeds in the seed box 31 enter the scattering component 32 and the fine sowing component 33 respectively, and after the fertilization tube 22, the seeds are scattered and finely sown sequentially through the scattering head 322 and the fine sowing disk 331;

the spreading head 322 spreads seeds in a large range;

the precision seeding disk 331 performs seed precision seeding for the area between two adjacent spreading heads 322;

s4, carrying out primary compacting on the scattered and finely sown ground through a cylindrical main compactor 41;

s5, secondary compaction is carried out on the ground by using the auxiliary compactor 42, the auxiliary compactor 42 is formed by distributing a plurality of diamond rubber wheels and disc arrays, and the surface compaction is carried out while the main compactor 41 is damaged on the hardened surface after the main compactor 41 is compacted on the ground;

s6, the ground after secondary compacting is scratched by the scratching hoe 43, so that the hardening of the soil surface layer is further broken, and the sowing work is completed.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine is characterized by comprising rotary blades (1), a fertilization unit (2), a sowing unit (3) and a soil covering unit (4) which are sequentially arranged;

the fertilizing unit (2) comprises a fertilizer box (21) positioned at the upper part, the fertilizer box (21) is connected with a plurality of fertilizing pipes (22), the fertilizing pipes (22) are arranged at the lower side of the fertilizer box (21), the inside of each fertilizing pipe (22) is hollow, the fertilizing pipes are communicated with the inside of the fertilizer box (21), and a fertilizer outlet is formed in the lower end of each fertilizing pipe (22); a convex block (23) is fixedly arranged on one side of the fertilization tube (22) facing the rotary tillage cutter (1);

the sowing unit (3) comprises a seed box (31) positioned at the upper part, a scattering component (32) and a precision sowing component (33) are respectively arranged at the lower side of the seed box (31), and the scattering component (32) is positioned at one side close to the fertilizing unit (2);

the scattering component (32) comprises a plurality of scattering pipes (321) communicated with the inside of the seed box (31), the lower ends of the scattering pipes (321) are connected with scattering heads (322), and the scattering heads (322) are in a horn shape;

the precision seeding assembly (33) comprises a plurality of precision seeding discs (331), and the precision seeding discs (331) are disc-type seeding structures;

the earthing unit (4) comprises a main compactor (41) and an auxiliary compactor (42) which are sequentially arranged, the main compactor (41) comprises a roller (411), the main compactor (41) is arranged adjacent to the precision sowing disc (331), and one side, away from the main compactor (41), of the auxiliary compactor (42) is connected with a scribing hoe (43);

the side where the rotary tillage cutter (1) is located is taken as the front side of the device, the scribing hoe (43) comprises a hack lever (431) which is hung on the rear side of the auxiliary pressing machine (42), a plurality of hoe chains (432) are distributed on the hack lever (431) in an array manner, and the hoe chains (432) are of a chain type structure and are composed of a plurality of connected chain links;

a plurality of motors (433) are distributed on the rod body of the hack lever (431), and the number of the motors (433) corresponds to the number of hoe chains (432);

a connecting rod (434) is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of each motor (433);

one end of each hoe chain (432) is fixedly connected with the rod body of the hack lever (431), and the other end is fixedly connected with the end part of one connecting rod (434).

2. The deep fertilization secondary pressing full-width seeder according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the protruding block (23) is horizontally arranged below the bottom end of the precision seeding disk (331), and the difference between the bottom surface of the protruding block (23) and the precision seeding disk (331) is 3-5 cm.

3. The deep-fertilization secondary pressing full-width seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that the spreading head (322) is staggered with the precision seeding disk (331);

in the projection of the vertical plane, the projection of the spreading head (322) is positioned between the projections of two adjacent precision seeding discs (331).

4. The deep-fertilization secondary pressing full-width seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that the spreading pipe (321) is a vertical pipe;

the spreading head (322) is in a flat horn shape, one end of the spreading head (322) facing the precision sowing disk (331) is an open end, the other end of the spreading head (322) is communicated with the spreading pipe (321), the spreading head (322) is obliquely arranged, and the open end of the spreading head (322) is a low-level end;

the upper and lower surfaces of the cavity inside the spreading head (322) are both planes.

5. The deep-fertilization secondary pressing full-width seeder according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the protruding block (23) is a right trapezoid block, and one end of the protruding block (23) facing the rotary blade (1) is a tip.

6. The deep-fertilization secondary compression full-width seeder according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the main compression machine (41) is suspended at the rear part of the seeder shell through a main hanging frame (412), and the auxiliary compression machine (42) is connected with the main hanging frame (412) through an auxiliary hanging frame (422);

one end of the main hanging frame (412) is rotationally connected with the seeder shell, the other end of the main hanging frame is rotationally connected with the auxiliary hanging frame (422), and the middle part of the main hanging frame (412) is rotationally connected with the roller (411);

an adjusting rod (413) is further arranged between the main hanging frame (412) and the seeder shell, and two ends of the adjusting rod (413) are respectively connected with the seeder shell and the main hanging frame (412) in a rotating mode.

7. The deep-fertilization secondary pressing full-width seeder according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the auxiliary pressing machine (42) comprises a pressing roller (421), the pressing roller (421) is formed by distributing a plurality of diamond-shaped rubber wheels and a disc array, the diamond-shaped rubber wheels and the discs are coaxial, and the diamond-shaped rubber wheels and the discs are coaxially and alternately arranged.

8. A deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width sowing method is characterized in that the deep fertilization secondary compacting full-width seed-sowing machine in any one of claims 1-7 is used, and comprises the steps of,

s1, rotary tillage is carried out on the land through rotary tillage blades (1);

s2, forming a groove on the ground after rotary tillage by utilizing a lug (23) at the lower end of the fertilizing tube (22), and enabling fertilizer particles to fall into the groove through the fertilizing tube (22) to finish deep fertilization operation;

s3, seeds in the seed box 31 enter the scattering component 32 and the fine sowing component 33 respectively, and after the fertilization pipe (22) are sequentially subjected to seed scattering and fine sowing through the scattering head (322) and the fine sowing disk (331);

a spreading head (322) spreads seeds in a large range;

the precision seeding disk (331) performs seed precision seeding for the area between two adjacent scattering heads (322);

s4, carrying out primary compacting on the scattered and finely sowed ground through a cylindrical main compacting machine (41);

s5, secondary compaction is carried out on the ground by using an auxiliary compactor (42), the auxiliary compactor (42) is formed by distributing a plurality of diamond rubber wheels and disc arrays, and the hardened surface of the main compactor (41) after being compacted on the ground is damaged while the earth surface is compacted;

s6, the ground after secondary compacting is scratched by the scratching hoe (43), so that the hardening of the soil surface layer is further broken, and the sowing work is completed.

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