CN114302663A - 一次性内窥镜装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种内窥镜装置,包括从手柄向远侧延伸的柔性轴,该手柄在使用期间保持在生物身体外部,轴包括从手柄起延伸穿过该手柄的拉线和可旋转地联接到轴的远侧端部的远侧末端,远侧末端包括从远侧末端的远侧面指向远侧的成像器,该成像器包括芯片和透镜,拉线的远侧端部联接到与联接到该拉线的近侧端部的致动机构结合远侧末端,使得致动机构的致动通过轴向近侧拉动拉线,从而使远侧末端相对于轴旋转以改变成像器的视野。
Description
优先权声明
本公开要求2019年8月22日提交的美国临时专利申请序列号No.62/890,166的优先权;其公开内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及内窥镜装置,并且特别是一次性内窥镜。
背景技术
诸如膀胱镜检查、肾镜检查和子宫镜检查等的泌尿外科手术通常使用棒状透镜系统来进行,所述系统使用了刚性、半刚性或柔性可重复使用轴的一系列透镜。这种透镜系统昂贵且难以维护。灭菌不当可能会导致图像质量随着时间的推移而下降、后续检查中的感染以及废弃化学品的增加。棒状透镜系统相对于窥视镜的远侧端部具有固定的相机角度,这通常导致需要在不同角度可用的多个窥视镜。此外,棒状透镜系统的窥视镜内的宝贵空间被棒状透镜本身占据。
发明内容
本公开涉及一种内窥镜装置,其包括从手柄向远侧延伸的柔性轴,手柄在使用期间保持在生物身体外部,轴包括从手柄起穿过该手柄延伸的拉线;可旋转地联接到轴的远侧端部的远侧末端,该远侧末端包括从远侧末端的远侧面指向远侧的成像器,该成像器包括成像器芯片和透镜,该拉线的远侧端部联接到远侧末端;以及联接到拉线的近侧端部的致动机构,使得致动机构的致动将拉线向近侧拉动通过轴,从而使远侧末端相对于轴旋转以改变成像器的视野。
在一个实施例中,透镜是用于广角观察的鱼眼透镜。
在一个实施例中,远侧末端进一步包括近侧铰链,该近侧铰链的尺寸和形状被确定成可旋转地联接在轴的远侧端部处的柱形狭槽内。
在一个实施例中,远侧末端相对于轴的纵向轴线横向移动。
在一个实施例中,远侧端部进一步包括两个倾斜部分,所述两个倾斜部分邻近铰链的柱形部分,并且相对于远侧末端的远侧面成角度。
在一个实施例中,轴进一步包括邻近柱形狭槽的两个倾斜部分,所述倾斜部分相对于垂直于轴的纵向轴线的平面成角度,并对应于远侧末端的倾斜部分,以增加远侧末端的角度范围。
在一个实施例中,拉线经由工作通道延伸出轴的倾斜部分。
在一个实施例中,工作通道还是冲洗通道。
在一个实施例中,该装置进一步包括在远侧末端的远侧面上的光源。
此外,本公开涉及一种内窥镜装置,该内窥镜装置包括从近侧部分向远侧延伸至远侧端部的柔性轴,所述近侧部分在使用期间保持在生物身体外部,所述远侧端部在使用期间被插入到生物身体内的目标部位,近侧部分包括电力连接,轴包括:流体通道,其穿过所述轴从近侧流体端口延伸到轴的远侧端部;以及,成像器,其从轴的远侧端部指向远侧,该成像器包括成像器芯片和透镜,其中,流体通道和成像器被直接模制到轴中。
在一个实施例中,透镜是用于广角观察的鱼眼透镜。
在一个实施例中,轴的远侧端部相对于轴的纵向轴线成角度。
在一个实施例中,轴的远侧端部相对于垂直于纵向轴线的平面呈0度、30度和70度中的一个。
在一个实施例中,该装置进一步包括电池;以及,无线数据发送器。
在一个实施例中,该装置进一步包括位于轴的远侧端部上的光源。
此外,本公开涉及一种方法,该方法包括:将内窥镜装置插入到生物身体内的目标部位,该内窥镜装置包括手柄、从手柄向远侧延伸并包括延伸穿过其中的拉线的柔性轴、可旋转地联接到轴的远侧端部的远侧末端、从远侧末端的远侧面指向远侧并包括成像器芯片和透镜的成像器、联接到拉线的近侧端部的致动机构;以及,致动所述致动机构以将拉线向近侧拉动穿过轴,从而使远侧末端相对于轴旋转以改变成像器的视野。
在一个实施例中,透镜是用于广角观察的鱼眼透镜,进一步包括使用算法来校正由透镜导致的失真。
在一个实施例中,远侧末端具有相对于远侧末端的远侧面成角度的倾斜部分,并且轴具有相对于垂直于轴的纵向轴线的平面成角度的倾斜部分,并且所述倾斜部分对应于远侧末端的倾斜部分以增加远侧末端的角度范围。
此外,本公开涉及一种方法,该方法包括将内窥镜装置插入到生物身体内的目标部位中,该装置包括从电力连接部向远侧延伸的柔性轴、穿过所述轴从近侧流体端口延伸到轴的远侧端部的流体通道、以及从轴的远侧端部指向远侧的包括成像器芯片和透镜的成像器,其中流体通道和成像器被直接模制到轴中;致动该装置以使成像器成角度为所需取向;以及通过电力连接传输由成像器收集的数据。
在一个实施例中,该方法进一步包括通过流体通道将流体从流体端口转移到目标部位。
附图说明
图1示出了根据本公开的各种示例性实施例的具有铰接远侧末端的内窥镜装置。
图2示出了图1的装置的铰接远侧末端。
图3a-3b示出了处于不同角度的图1的装置的铰接远侧末端。
图4示出了图1的装置的手柄。
图5示出了根据本公开的各种示例性实施例的内窥镜装置。
图6示出了图5的装置的远侧端部。
图7示出了根据本公开的各种示例性实施例的具有冲洗通道的包覆成型的内窥镜装置。
图8示出了图7的装置的远侧末端。
具体实施方式
参考以下描述和附图,可进一步理解本公开,其中相同的元件用相同的附图标记表示。示例性实施例描述了内窥镜,该内窥镜包括位于窥视镜的远侧末端处的小型基于晶片的相机芯片,与典型的棒状透镜系统相比,其允许在其他部件和/或通道(用于例如冲洗)的窥视镜内在更小的窥视镜直径和/或增加的空间的情况下进行更高分辨率的成像。设置在窥视镜的末端处的组合透镜和芯片允许使用可变角度控制,从而免除对不同角度的多个窥视镜的需要。所述内窥镜可以是一次性的或可重复使用的。
一次性窥视镜可经由在各种相机和/或冲洗部件上进行的塑料包覆成型来制造。在包覆成型过程中,有各种可以用来保护芯片和透镜的方法。一种常见的方法是制造远侧末端,然后将芯片附接到该模制的或机械加工的远侧末端上。在这种情况下,诸如例如相机和光源之类的窥视镜元件可直接模制到窥视镜的主体中。挤出塑料或注射成型塑料也可用于窥视镜的主体。可以使用其他机械、粘合和焊接方法来联结窥视镜元件和窥视镜的主体。在另一个实施例中,可重复使用的窥视镜可由不锈钢海波管制成。
图1-4示出了根据本公开的各种示例性实施例的具有铰接远侧末端106的内窥镜装置100。装置100包括近侧手柄102,其具有从该近侧手柄起延伸至远侧末端106的细长轴104。轴104可以是柔性的、半柔性的或刚性的。轴104具有至少一个纵向工作通道114,所述纵向工作通道延伸穿过其长度,用于穿过其中进给至少一根拉线118。在本实施例中,轴104具有两个工作通道114和两根拉线118,然而,如下文更详细解释的,也可使用其他构造。手柄102中用于拉动线118的致动机构也将在下文更详细地说明。如图3A和图3B所示,拉线118的远侧端部连接到远侧末端106,并且可被致动以使远侧末端106旋转通过一系列角度。
如图2所示,远侧末端106容纳相机组件108和光源110,该光源面向平坦远侧面128的远侧。在本实施例中,远侧末端106具有近侧铰链112,该近侧铰链具有柱形部分,该柱形部分的尺寸被确定成可旋转地联接在轴104的远侧端部处的柱形狭槽116内。远侧末端106具有两个邻近铰链112的柱形部分的倾斜部分120,并且轴104具有邻近柱形狭槽116的两个倾斜部分122。拉线118经由工作通道114延伸出轴的倾斜部分122,每根拉线118连接到远侧末端106的倾斜部分120之一。
远侧末端106的倾斜部分120和轴104的倾斜部分122的尺寸和角度被确定成使得远侧末端106可在允许的旋转范围内铰接,而不受轴104的干扰。本领域技术人员将确定可使用多种方式将线118联结到远侧末端106。尽管在上述实施例中,工作通道114各自包含拉线,但是在另一个实施例中,工作通道114也可用作冲洗通道。在另一个实施例中,装置100具有铰接远侧末端106和工作通道114,其中工作通道114中的每一个都是冲洗通道并且具有穿过其中延行的拉线118。
该实施例的相机组件108包括上述小型基于晶片的芯片或具有相当分辨率和尺寸的任何其他相机芯片。例如,该芯片可具有400×400像素的分辨率,横截面面积小于1mm2。光源110可以是单个LED、LED阵列或任何其他合适的光源。光源110可以是光纤,并且能够产生不同光谱和/或光强度。相机组件108和光源110都可以具有穿过窥视镜延行的线材,以在手柄102处控制机构。可选地,相机组件108和/或光源110可包括位于远侧末端106的无线收发器。无线收发器需要从芯片延伸到手柄102的线材和发送器。
手柄102的形状被确定为便于在内窥镜手术中进行抓握,并且在其远侧端部处具有致动器124,用于实施手柄102内部的致动机构,如图4所示。在本实施例中,致动器124是简单的推/拉环,其可围绕手柄102的弯曲远侧端部的一部分旋转。致动器124在两个初始方向中的第一个方向(例如远侧)上的旋转导致致动机构向近侧拉动两个拉绳118中的第一个,例如顶部绳,导致远侧末端106向上旋转,如图3A所示。
以类似的方式,致动器124在两个方向中的第二个方向(例如近侧)上的旋转导致致动机构向近侧拉动两个拉绳118中的第二个,例如底部绳,导致远侧末端106向下旋转,如图3B所示。远侧末端106的旋转程度可用键合到末端角度指示件126,其表示为沿手柄102的弯曲远侧端部的一系列距离。例如,致动器124到达末端角度指示件126中的第一个的旋转可反映远侧末端106向上5度的旋转。当远侧末端106达到特定角度增量时,角度指示件126可向用户提供触觉反馈。如本领域技术人员所理解的,产生触觉反馈的末端角度的值可以是预设的或可定制的。
致动器124和致动机构的当前描述仅用于示例性目的。拉绳118的致动可以是基于齿轮的、基于弹簧的或电气的。如果拉绳118的致动是电气的,手柄102可能没有内置致动器。相反,手柄102可替代地具有用于外部致动器的电气端口,该电气端口可通过触摸显示器手动操纵或以其他方式触发致动机构并拉动拉绳118。此外,两个拉绳118的当前描述仅用于示例性目的。在另一个实施例中,可使用一根拉绳118并将其连接到两个倾斜表面120中的一个,同时在相对侧使用弹簧机构或将其内置在铰链机构中。
图5-6示出了根据本公开的各种示例性实施例的内窥镜装置200。装置200包括细长的包覆成型的轴202和连接器204,该连接器被配置为附接到窥视镜手柄或其他合适的设备,以便在其间传输数据和/或电力。连接器204可以是例如USB连接器或任何定制连接器。在替代实施例中,可使用电池和/或无线数据发送器,而不需要连接器。本实施例示出了电缆206。在替代实施例中,连接器204可位于轴202的近侧端部处,而不需要电缆。
相机组件208、光源210和任何相关的线材被模制到轴202的远侧端部中。换句话说,在以包覆成型工艺制造轴202的期间,轴202被围绕上述元件模制。轴的远侧端部的形状可以是相对于轴202的纵向轴线成一定角度。例如,该角度可以是0度、30度或70度。轴202可由例如刚性或半刚性生物相容性塑料制成。类似于内窥镜装置100的相机组件108,相机组件208可包括小型基于晶片的芯片。光源210可以是单个LED、LED阵列或任何其他合适的光源,包括具有可调光谱和/或光强度的光纤光源,类似于内窥镜装置100的光源110。在本实施例中,相机组件208和光源210设置在轴202的远侧端部处。然而,如果轴202的模制材料是透明的或半透明的,则光源210可以进一步在近侧嵌入到轴202中。
图7-8示出了根据本公开的各种示例性实施例的包覆成型的内窥镜装置300。装置300类似于装置200,其中在轴302的制造期间各种元件被模制到装置中,包括相机组件308和光源310。类似于装置200,装置300还可具有连接器304和电缆306。然而,装置300还包括结合到轴302中的一个或更多个冲洗通道312。
本实施例示出了两个冲洗通道312,然而,可根据用户需求来实现一个冲洗通道或两个以上的冲洗通道。在轴302的制造期间,冲洗通道312可直接模制到轴302中。在替代实施例中,冲洗通道312可由例如钢构成,并且轴302可模制在通道312上。冲洗通道312终止于轴302的近侧端部处的端口314,该端口314具有与冲洗通道312的数量成比例的多个管状连接件,所述管状连接件在本实施例中为两个。
装置300具有容纳相机组件308和光源310的远侧末端316。在本实施例中,末端316与轴302分开制造,并随后与其连接。部件的这种安排允许可重复使用的轴302由例如钢制成,而末端316由上文讨论的包覆成型工艺制成。然而,轴302和末端316可制造为一体件,在这种情况下,末端316将是轴316的远侧端部,而不是与其连接。
本领域技术人员将会理解,在不脱离本发明概念的情况下,可以对上述实施例进行改变。还应当理解,与一个实施例相关联的结构特征和方法可以结合到其他实施例中。因此,应当理解,本发明不限于所公开的特定实施例,而是修改也涵盖在由所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围内。
Claims (15)
1.一种内窥镜装置,包括:
柔性轴,该轴从手柄向远侧延伸,所述手柄在使用期间保持在生物身体外部,所述轴包括从所述手柄起延伸穿过该手柄的拉线;
远侧末端,所述远侧末端可旋转地联接到所述轴的远侧端部,所述远侧末端包括从所述远侧末端的远侧面指向远侧的成像器,所述成像器包括成像器芯片和透镜,所述拉线的远侧端部联接到所述远侧末端;
以及
致动机构,所述致动机构联接到所述拉线的近侧端部,使得所述致动机构的致动将所述拉线向近侧拉动通过所述轴,从而使所述远侧末端相对于所述轴旋转以改变所述成像器的视野。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述透镜是用于广角观察的鱼眼透镜。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的装置,其中,所述远侧末端进一步包括近侧铰链,该近侧铰链的尺寸和形状被确定成可旋转地联接在所述轴的远侧端部处的柱形狭槽内。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的装置,其中,所述远侧末端相对于所述轴的纵向轴线横向地移动。
5.根据权利要求3所述的装置,其中,所述远侧末端还包括两个倾斜部分,所述两个倾斜部分邻近所述铰链的柱形部分并且相对于所述远侧末端的远侧面成角度。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其中,所述轴进一步包括邻近所述柱形狭槽的两个倾斜部分,所述倾斜部分相对于垂直于所述轴的纵向轴线的平面成角度并且对应于所述远侧末端的倾斜部分,以增加所述远侧末端的角度范围。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置,其中,所述拉线经由工作通道延伸出所述轴的倾斜部分。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述工作通道还是冲洗通道。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的装置,进一步包括:
光源,所述光源在所述远侧末端的远侧面上。
10.一种内窥镜装置,包括:
柔性轴,所述柔性轴从近侧部分向远侧延伸至远侧端部,所述近侧部分在使用期间保持在生物身体外部,所述远侧端部在使用期间被插入到所述生物身体内的目标部位,所述近侧部分包括电力连接,所述轴包括:
流体通道,所述流体通道穿过所述轴从近侧流体端口延伸到所述轴的远侧端部;以及
成像器,所述成像器从所述轴的远侧端部指向远侧,所述成像器包括成像器芯片和透镜,其中,所述流体通道和所述成像器直接被模制到所述轴中。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置,其中,所述透镜是用于广角观察的鱼眼透镜。
12.根据权利要求10-11中任一项所述的装置,其中,所述轴的远侧端部相对于所述轴的纵向轴线成角度。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装置,其中,所述轴的远侧端部相对于垂直于所述纵向轴线的平面呈0度、30度和70度中的一个。
14.根据权利要求10-13中任一项所述的装置,进一步包括:
电池;以及
无线数据发送器。
15.根据权利要求10-14中任一项所述的装置,进一步包括:
光源,所述光源在所述轴的远侧端部。
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US10517470B2 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2019-12-31 | Karl Storz Endovision, Inc. | Optical instrument and articulating image sensing apparatus therefor |
US9942452B2 (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-04-10 | NINGBO WISE OptoMech Technology Corporation | Optoelectronic module and an imaging apparatus comprising the same |
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