CN114293944B - Associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process - Google Patents
Associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114293944B CN114293944B CN202210004007.5A CN202210004007A CN114293944B CN 114293944 B CN114293944 B CN 114293944B CN 202210004007 A CN202210004007 A CN 202210004007A CN 114293944 B CN114293944 B CN 114293944B
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- well
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- limiter
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- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a control process for a cement sheath failure wellhead of an associated gas type bittern well, which comprises the following steps: setting a square well at a bittern well head, and exposing a casing pipe and a cement sheath of the bittern well; and (3) well killing treatment: injecting well killing liquid into the well to prevent the associated gas in the well from channeling upwards; pouring concrete in the square well and reserving the to-be-cut positions of the sleeve and the wellhead; cutting and dismantling a wellhead before concrete is solidified, and arranging a limiter to enable the limiter to be vertically centered and matched with a shaft in an aligning manner; a new wellhead is arranged above the limiter in a connecting way, and the joint of the new wellhead and the limiter is subjected to sealing treatment; and (5) performing sealing pressure test, and performing sealing repair if the sealing performance does not reach the standard. The process can be used for plugging the fluid in the original shaft, avoiding channeling under the action of the pressure of the ground, safely dismantling the wellhead, avoiding accidents such as explosion and the like, cleaning undissolved substances, collapsed substances, damaged casing pipes and the like at the bottom of the shaft, and providing favorable conditions for sealing or repairing the whole well section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine well control treatment, in particular to a well head control process for a cement sheath failure of a associated gas type bittern well.
Background
The bittern well comprises a well with brine and a well containing associated gas, part of associated gas well even contains toxic and harmful gas such as hydrogen sulfide, aiming at the failure condition of a well-fixing cement sheath, a new well head is installed after the well head is cut off by adopting a dynamic fire cutting or hydraulic cutting mode in the past, and then the well is sealed or repaired.
Therefore, the control well treatment of the existing bittern well after the cement sheath is invalid still needs to be improved, the potential safety hazards in the well control mode and the process of the bittern well should be controlled to be eliminated, meanwhile, the efficiency should be improved in the well control process, and the wellhead control treatment is more efficient and quicker. Therefore, a more reasonable technical scheme should be provided to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a control process for the failure wellhead of the cement sheath of the associated gas type bittern well, which aims at the situation that the cement sheath of the associated gas type bittern well fails, fluid in the well flows upwards along annular cracks to pollute the surface and underground water and damage the ecological environment, adopts a novel wellhead control process, a special process, safely controls the wellhead, prevents the fluid in the well from overflowing, reduces construction risks and creates conditions for the next well sealing or well repairing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a control process for a cement sheath failure wellhead of an associated gas type bittern well comprises the following steps:
setting a square well at a bittern wellhead, wherein the square well exposes a casing pipe and a cement sheath of the bittern well;
and (3) performing well killing treatment: injecting well-killing liquid into the original Guan Xianxiang well of the bittern well to prevent the associated gas in the well from channeling upwards;
pouring concrete in the square well, pouring a wellhead with the height lower than that of the bittern well, and reserving the to-be-cut positions of the sleeve and the wellhead;
before the concrete is solidified, cutting a sleeve and a cement ring of the bittern well to detach a wellhead, arranging a limiter at a reserved shaft, enabling the limiter to be vertically centered and matched with the shaft in an aligned manner, and fixing the limiter;
a new wellhead is arranged above the limiter in a connecting way, and the joint of the new wellhead and the limiter is subjected to sealing treatment;
and (3) performing sealing pressure test according to the set pressure value, and performing sealing repair if the tightness does not reach the standard, so that the pressure drop of the new wellhead within 30min is smaller than the set value of 0.5MPa.
According to the control process disclosed by the above, well killing treatment is carried out in a shaft of a bittern well so as to maintain pressure balance between the shaft and a stratum, blowout and associated gas channeling are avoided, and the pressure of the stratum below the shaft is counteracted by utilizing the liquid column pressure of well killing liquid, so that construction and repair of a damaged wellhead above are allowed; after the replacement of the wellhead is carried out, the new wellhead can be well connected with the original shaft and has an airtight effect, so that the efficient restoration of the failed wellhead of the bittern well is realized, the risk existing in the traditional wellhead restoration control process is avoided, and the stability and reliability of wellhead control are improved.
Further, in the present invention, the retainer functions to cooperate with the reserved wellbore to define the new wellhead location and angle, the configuration of the retainer is not limited only and it may be constructed in a variety of possible configurations, optimized and one of which is possible: the limiter comprises a barrel part sleeved on the reserved shaft, and a limiting part in tight connection with the reserved shaft is arranged in the barrel part; the limiting part is abutted against the reserved upper port of the shaft, and the limiting part is provided with a communication port. When the scheme is adopted, the communicating port of the limiting part is communicated up and down, the communicating port is communicated with the reserved shaft and the shaft part, and after a new well head is arranged, the communicating port is communicated with a communicating channel serving as the new well head and the shaft.
Further, for convenience in setting the new wellhead, when there is a deviation between the new wellhead and the size of the barrel, adjustment may be performed to ensure stable and reliable communication, and optimization is performed herein and one of possible choices is given: the cylinder part is connected with a new wellhead through a reducing flange. When the scheme is adopted, the connection parts of the reducing flange and the new wellhead and the barrel part are all subjected to sealing treatment.
Further, in the present invention, the axis of the barrel portion coincides with the axis of the reserved shaft, and in order to ensure that the direction of the barrel portion can be kept stable and unchanged during bearing, the following possible choices are optimized and listed here: the cylinder part extends downwards and is connected with the supporting and pressing ring, and the poured concrete fixes the supporting and pressing plate in the square well.
Further, in the invention, the main function of the pressure supporting ring is to keep the stability of the cylinder part by force, the size of the force bearing surface is positively correlated with the stability of the cylinder part, meanwhile, the pressure in the concrete is all-directional, and in order to make the force bearing direction of the pressure supporting ring single stable, optimization is carried out and one of the feasible choices is given out: the backing ring is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder part, and is attached to the bottom of the square well and is sealed on the attaching surface. When the scheme is adopted, the supporting ring and the cylinder part are integrally formed, and the pressure of the concrete is totally downward, so that the supporting ring is tightly attached to the bottom of the square well, and the cylinder part is kept in a stable direction.
Still further, in the invention, the well control liquid adopted in the well control treatment is clean water by fully considering the liquid column plugging effect of the well control. When the scheme is adopted, fresh water of dissolved salt in the well can be injected into the mining area, liquid column pressure can be formed in the well and is larger than stratum pressure, fluid is prevented from flowing upwards, and the system is safe, pollution-free, wide in source and economical.
Further, to facilitate setting of the stop, the casting depth is defined when casting concrete, where the optimization is performed and the following one of the possible choices is given: when concrete is poured into the square well, the distance between the molding surface of the concrete and the upper port of the reserved shaft is more than or equal to 10cm.
Still further, the concrete density was 1.85g/cm at the time of casting the concrete 3 The initial setting time is more than 20min. When the scheme is adopted, the original wellhead is required to be cut and removed after the concrete is poured, and the locating device of the limiter is required to be connected with a new wellhead, so that the initial setting time of the concrete is required to be lessShort, otherwise insufficient time for subsequent operations.
Further, in the invention, in order to improve the efficiency of overall well control and reduce uncontrollability of the whole operation process, the time for cutting the casing and the cement sheath of the bittern well to disassemble the wellhead is defined as less than or equal to 10min.
In the invention, the excavation engineering of the square well is needed to meet the well control requirement, the side length of the square well is 1.8-2.2 m, and the depth is 4.5-5.5 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the control process adopted by the invention can be used for plugging the fluid in the original shaft, avoiding channeling under the action of the ground pressure, realizing safe dismantling of the well head, avoiding accidents such as explosion and the like, cleaning undissolved substances, collapsed substances, damaged casing pipes and the like at the bottom of the well, and providing favorable conditions for sealing or repairing the whole well section.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process schematic diagram of a control process.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure after wellhead replacement.
In the above figures, the meaning of each label is: 1. square wells; 2. a limit part; 3. a reducing flange; 4. a new wellhead; 5. concrete; 6. a support ring; 7. a sleeve; 8. a barrel portion.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Examples
Aiming at the current situation that the explosion safety hidden danger exists in the bittern well control process in the prior art, the repairing of a shaft is not facilitated, and the well control effect is poor, the embodiment is optimized to solve the problems in the prior art.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a control process for a failure wellhead of a cement sheath of a associated gas type bittern well, which comprises the following steps:
s1: arranging a square well 1 at a bittern wellhead, wherein the square well 1 exposes a casing 7 and a cement sheath of the bittern well;
s2: and (3) performing well killing treatment: injecting well-killing liquid into the original Guan Xianxiang well of the bittern well to prevent the associated gas in the well from channeling upwards;
s3: pouring concrete 5 in the square well 1, pouring a wellhead with the height lower than that of the bittern well, and reserving the sleeve 7 and the to-be-cut position of the wellhead;
s4: before the concrete 5 is solidified, cutting a sleeve 7 and a cement ring of the bittern well to detach a wellhead, arranging a limiter at a reserved shaft, enabling the limiter to be vertically centered and matched with the shaft in an aligned manner, and fixing the limiter;
s5: a new wellhead 4 is arranged above the limiter in a connecting way, and the joint of the new wellhead 4 and the limiter is subjected to sealing treatment;
s6: and (3) performing sealing pressure test according to the set pressure value, and performing sealing repair if the tightness does not reach the standard, so that the pressure drop of the new wellhead 4 in 30min is smaller than the set value of 0.5MPa.
According to the control process disclosed by the above, well killing treatment is carried out in a shaft of a bittern well so as to maintain pressure balance between the shaft and a stratum, blowout and associated gas channeling are avoided, and the pressure of the stratum below the shaft is counteracted by utilizing the liquid column pressure of well killing liquid, so that construction and repair of a damaged wellhead above are allowed; after the replacement of the wellhead is carried out, the new wellhead 4 can be well connected with the original shaft and has an airtight effect, so that the efficient restoration of the failed wellhead of the bittern well is realized, the risk existing in the traditional wellhead restoration control process is avoided, and the stability and reliability of wellhead control are improved.
In this embodiment, the retainer functions to cooperate with the reserved wellbore to define the position and angle of the new wellhead 4, and the configuration of the retainer is not limited to only one, and may be configured in a variety of possible configurations, optimized and selected from the following: the limiter comprises a barrel part 8 sleeved on the reserved shaft, and a limiting part 2 in tight connection with the reserved shaft is arranged in the barrel part 8; the limiting part 2 is abutted against the reserved upper port of the shaft, and the limiting part 2 is provided with a communication port. When adopting this scheme, the intercommunication mouth of spacing portion 2 link up from top to bottom, and this intercommunication mouth has linked together reserved pit shaft and section of thick bamboo 8, when setting up new well head 4 back, through this intercommunication mouth with regard to the intercommunication passageway of new well head 4 and pit shaft.
Preferably, the structure of the limiting part 2 can be a cylindrical structure with a concave middle part, and the communication port is arranged at the middle position of the limiting part 2; the bore of the communication port is smaller than the inner bore of the reserved shaft, and the outer diameter of the limiter is larger than the outer diameter of the reserved shaft, so that the alignment connection of the limiter and the reserved shaft is facilitated, and the directional stability of the connection of the shaft part 8 is improved. When setting the limiter, the limiter should be fixed by rope or tripod to prevent deflection.
In order to facilitate the setting of the new wellhead 4, when there is a deviation in the dimensions of the new wellhead 4 and the barrel 8, adjustments can be made to ensure a stable and reliable communication, here optimized and one of the possible choices adopted: the cylinder part 8 is connected with the new wellhead 4 through the reducing flange 3. When the scheme is adopted, the joints of the reducing flange 3, the new wellhead 4 and the barrel 8 are all subjected to sealing treatment.
Preferably, when setting the new wellhead 4, the new wellhead 4 is mounted on the barrel 8 by adopting a tripod or other modes, so that the wellhead is ensured not to deviate from vertical centering, the connection part is welded, and sealing is ensured to be free of sand holes.
In this embodiment, the axis of the barrel 8 coincides with the axis of the reserved shaft, and in order to ensure that the barrel 8 can keep the direction stable and unchanged during bearing, the following possible choices are optimized and adopted: the cylinder part 8 extends downwards and is connected with the supporting and pressing ring 6, and the poured concrete 5 fixes the supporting and pressing plate in the square well 1.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the inner edge of the supporting ring 6 is welded to the barrel 8, and the outer edge of the supporting ring 6 is provided with an upturned edge structure. In some embodiments, the backing ring 6 may also be integrally formed with the barrel 8.
In other embodiments, the structure of the supporting ring 6 may be configured in other forms, for example, the supporting ring 6 is configured as a plurality of supporting plates radially spaced along the radial direction of the lower end of the barrel 8.
In this embodiment, the main function of the backing ring 6 is to maintain the stability of the barrel 8 by force, the size of the force-bearing surface is positively correlated with the stability of the barrel 8, meanwhile, the pressure inside the concrete 5 is all-directional, and in order to stabilize the force-bearing direction of the backing ring 6 singly, one of the possible choices is optimized and adopted here: the pressure supporting ring 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder part 8, and the pressure supporting ring 6 is attached to the bottom of the square well 1 and is sealed on the attaching surface. When the scheme is adopted, the pressure supporting ring 6 and the cylinder part 8 are integrally formed, and the pressure of the concrete 5 is totally downward, so that the pressure supporting ring 6 is tightly attached to the bottom of the square well 1, and the cylinder part 8 is kept in a stable direction.
In the embodiment, the well killing liquid adopted in the well killing treatment fully considers the liquid column blocking effect of the well killing, and the well killing liquid comprises clean water. When the scheme is adopted, fresh water of dissolved salt in the well can be injected into the mining area, liquid column pressure can be formed in the well and is larger than stratum pressure, fluid is prevented from flowing upwards, and the system is safe, pollution-free, wide in source and economical.
To facilitate setting of the stop, the casting depth is defined by casting the concrete 5, where the optimization is performed and one possible choice is as follows: when the concrete 5 is poured into the square well 1, the distance between the molding surface of the concrete 5 and the upper port of the reserved shaft is more than or equal to 10cm.
In this embodiment, when the concrete 5 is poured, the density of the concrete 5 is 1.85g/cm3, and the initial setting time is more than 20min. When the scheme is adopted, the original wellhead is required to be cut and removed after the concrete 5 is poured, the locating device of the limiter is used, the new wellhead 4 is required to be connected subsequently, the initial setting time of the concrete 5 is required to be not too short, and otherwise, the time of subsequent operation is insufficient.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the efficiency of the overall well control and reduce the uncontrollability of the whole operation process, the time for cutting the casing 7 and the cement sheath of the bittern well to disassemble the wellhead is defined to be less than or equal to 10min.
Still further, in this embodiment, the excavation engineering of the square well 1 is required to meet the well control requirement, and the side length of the square well 1 is 1.8-2.2 m, and the depth is 4.5-5.5 m.
Preferably, the side length of the square well 1 is set to be 2m and the depth is set to be 5m.
The above is an embodiment exemplified in this example, but this example is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and a person skilled in the art may obtain various other embodiments by any combination of the above-described embodiments, and any person may obtain various other embodiments in the light of this example. The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present embodiments, which is defined in the claims and the description may be used to interpret the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The associated gas type brine well cement sheath failure wellhead control process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
setting a square well (1) at a bittern wellhead, wherein the square well (1) exposes a casing (7) and a cement sheath of the bittern well;
and (3) performing well killing treatment: injecting well-killing liquid into the original Guan Xianxiang well of the bittern well to form a liquid column in the well shaft;
pouring concrete (5) in the square well (1), pouring a wellhead with the height lower than that of the bittern well, and reserving the sleeve (7) and the to-be-cut position of the wellhead;
cutting a sleeve (7) and a cement ring of a bittern well to detach a wellhead before the concrete (5) is solidified, arranging a limiter at a reserved shaft, enabling the limiter to be vertically centered and matched with the shaft in an aligned manner, and fixing the limiter;
a new wellhead (4) is arranged above the limiter in a connecting way, and the joint of the new wellhead (4) and the limiter is subjected to sealing treatment;
performing sealing pressure test according to the set pressure value, and performing sealing repair if the tightness does not reach the standard, so that the pressure drop of the new wellhead (4) in 30min is smaller than the set value of 0.5MPa;
the limiter comprises a barrel part (8) sleeved on the reserved shaft, and a limiting part (2) in tight connection with the reserved shaft is arranged in the barrel part (8); the limiting part (2) is abutted against the reserved upper port of the shaft, and the limiting part (2) is provided with a communication port;
the cylinder part (8) extends downwards and is connected with the supporting and pressing ring (6), and the poured concrete (5) fixes the supporting and pressing plate in the square well (1);
the pressure supporting ring (6) is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder part (8), and the pressure supporting ring (6) is attached to the bottom of the square well (1) and is sealed on the attaching surface.
2. The associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process according to claim 1, wherein the barrel part (8) is connected with the new wellhead (4) through the reducing flange (3).
3. The associated gas type brine well cement sheath failure wellhead control process according to claim 1, wherein the well control fluid used in the well control treatment comprises clean water.
4. The associated gas type bittern well cement collar failure wellhead control process according to claim 1, wherein when the concrete (5) is poured into the square well (1), the distance between the molding surface of the concrete (5) and the upper port of the reserved shaft is greater than or equal to 10cm.
5. Associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control worker as claimed in claim 1The process is characterized in that the density of the concrete (5) is 1.85g/cm 3 The initial setting time is more than 20min.
6. The associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process according to claim 1, wherein the time for cutting the bittern well outer casing (7) and the cement sheath to disassemble the wellhead is less than or equal to 10min.
7. The associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process according to claim 1, wherein the side length of the square well (1) is 1.8-2.2 m, and the depth is 4.5-5.5 m.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210004007.5A CN114293944B (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210004007.5A CN114293944B (en) | 2022-01-04 | 2022-01-04 | Associated gas type bittern well cement sheath failure wellhead control process |
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| CN114293944A CN114293944A (en) | 2022-04-08 |
| CN114293944B true CN114293944B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4844164A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-07-04 | Union Oil Company Of California | Process and composition for treating underground formations penetrated by a well borehole |
| AU2012227287A1 (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2013-04-18 | National Oilwell Varco Uk Limited | Valve and Method of operating a valve |
| WO2019140336A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Coiled Tubing Specialties, Llc | Ported casing collar for downhole operations, and method for accessing a formation |
| CN112318376A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 宝鸡市石油矿山机械配件厂 | Construction method and device for cutting steel pipe and casing cement sheath |
-
2022
- 2022-01-04 CN CN202210004007.5A patent/CN114293944B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4844164A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-07-04 | Union Oil Company Of California | Process and composition for treating underground formations penetrated by a well borehole |
| AU2012227287A1 (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2013-04-18 | National Oilwell Varco Uk Limited | Valve and Method of operating a valve |
| WO2019140336A1 (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-07-18 | Coiled Tubing Specialties, Llc | Ported casing collar for downhole operations, and method for accessing a formation |
| CN112318376A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-05 | 宝鸡市石油矿山机械配件厂 | Construction method and device for cutting steel pipe and casing cement sheath |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 复杂地质盐卤井定向对接连通开采盐卤水新技术;张振国;《中国井矿盐》;20161231;第47卷(第1期);第16-18页 * |
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