CN219365984U - Fine pressure control drilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a fine pressure control drilling device, which comprises wellhead control equipment and ground equipment; the well killing manifold, the well drilling pump and the well drilling four-way joint are mutually connected in series, an outlet of the well drilling pump is connected with the rotary control head, an outlet of the rotary control head is communicated with the automatic throttling manifold through a first pipeline, and an outlet of the automatic throttling manifold is communicated with the well drilling pump through the liquid-gas separator, the vibrating screen and the circulating tank in sequence; the overhead tank is erected between the rotary control head and the vibrating screen, a second pipeline is arranged between an outlet of the rotary control head and the overhead tank, a third pipeline is arranged between an outlet of the automatic throttle manifold and the overhead tank, a hydraulic valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and a bypass valve is arranged on the second pipeline. When the pressure control drilling or non-pressure control drilling operation is performed, the well-configured slurry returning system can be used for the drilling fluid in the device, and the pipeline disassembly and assembly are not needed. Effectively avoiding engineering risks.

Description

Fine pressure control drilling device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of fine pressure control drilling, in particular to a fine pressure control drilling device.

Background

Fine pressure control drilling is a new technology of drilling developed in recent years. The method is mainly used for solving the underground complex conditions of lost circulation, kick and the like caused by a narrow safety density window, a multi-pressure system and a pressure sensitive stratum in deep well drilling. The risk of leakage and well control is considered in the well drilling of meticulous accuse pressure, utilizes accuse pressure equipment to provide well head pressure effective control annular pressure, and the maximum reduction engineering risk. In particular carbonate formations, where fracture vugs develop, the risk of loss is extremely high, with higher drilling fluid specific gravity being the cause of the greatest loss. In order to protect underground resources such as hydrocarbon reservoirs, prevent lost circulation during drilling, ensure well control safety of drilling and increase drilling speed, fine pressure control drilling is generally adopted. Drilling equipment used in fine pressure control drilling technology generally comprises wellhead control equipment and surface equipment, wherein the surface equipment comprises pressure control drilling pipelines and non-pressure control drilling pipelines. The pressure control well drilling pipeline and the non-pressure control well drilling pipeline are two sets of equipment. When the pressure control well is drilled, the pressure control well drilling pipeline is required to be fixedly connected with the wellhead control equipment, and when the pressure control well is not required to be drilled, the non-pressure control well drilling pipeline is required to be fixedly connected with the wellhead control equipment. In the actual use process, the disassembly and assembly process of the two sets of pipeline equipment are complicated, the construction period is occupied, and leakage accidents are easy to occur in the disassembly and assembly process.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the embodiment of the application is to provide a fine pressure control drilling device, which is characterized in that under the condition that automatic throttle manifold equipment is reasonably configured in ground equipment, when non-pressure control drilling or pressure control drilling operation is carried out, drilling fluid can all follow the configured existing slurry returning system, and pipeline disassembly and assembly are not needed. The bottom hole pressure stability is ensured, the pressure leakage of the pressure wave into the stratum is avoided, and the engineering risk is effectively avoided.

The application provides a fine pressure control drilling device, which comprises wellhead control equipment and ground equipment; the wellhead control equipment comprises a sleeve, a drilling four-way joint, a rotary blowout preventer and a rotary control head which are communicated from bottom to top; the ground equipment comprises a well killing manifold, an automatic throttling manifold, an overhead tank, a liquid-gas separator, a vibrating screen, a circulating tank and a drilling pump; the well killing manifold, the well drilling pump and the well drilling four-way joint are mutually connected in series, an outlet of the well drilling pump is connected with the rotary control head, an outlet of the rotary control head is communicated with the automatic throttling manifold through a first pipeline, and an outlet of the automatic throttling manifold is communicated with the well drilling pump through the liquid-gas separator, the vibrating screen and the circulating tank in sequence; the overhead tank is erected between the rotary control head and the vibrating screen, a second pipeline is arranged between an outlet of the rotary control head and the overhead tank, a third pipeline is arranged between an outlet of the automatic throttle manifold and the overhead tank, a hydraulic valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and a bypass valve is arranged on the second pipeline.

In one embodiment, a lower ram blowout preventer, a shear ram blowout preventer and an annular blowout preventer are sequentially arranged between the drilling four-way and the rotary blowout preventer.

In one embodiment, the bearing assembly of the rotary blowout preventer adopts an internal locking mode, and the upper end face of the rotary blowout preventer is provided with a conversion flange connection.

In one embodiment, the upper end of the rotary blowout preventer is provided with a pressure control horn pipe, the pressure control horn pipe is locked by the hydraulic clamp of the base of the rotary blowout preventer, and the upper end of the pressure control horn pipe is fixedly locked by a pneumatic tire.

In one embodiment, the first line, the second line, and the third line each employ a high pressure line.

In one embodiment, the drilling pump is electrically driven.

In one embodiment, a first valve is disposed at the inlet of the liquid-gas separator.

In one embodiment, a second valve is disposed at the outlet of the kill manifold.

The fine pressure control drilling device has the beneficial effects that:

1. an automatic throttling manifold device is added at a reasonable position in the ground device, a bypass valve is opened under the condition of non-pressure control drilling, a hydraulic valve to the automatic throttling manifold is closed, and drilling fluid returns to an overhead tank to a circulating tank through the bypass valve; when the pressure control is used for drilling, the hydraulic valve of the automatic throttle manifold is opened, the bypass valve is closed, drilling fluid is returned to the overhead tank through the automatic throttle manifold special for pressure control, and back pressure is applied to the well to achieve the purpose of pressure control drilling.

2. The internal locking mode is adopted by the rotary blowout preventer bearing assembly in wellhead equipment, the base is not provided with an external hydraulic clamp, the upper end face of the base can be provided with a conversion flange as required, so that the rotary blowout preventer and the telescopic pipe of the platform rotary blowout preventer can be matched and installed, and from the aspect of a circulation flow, when non-pressure control drilling operation is carried out, drilling fluid can follow the existing slurry returning system of the platform without installing other pipelines.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fine pressure control drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

100. a wellhead control device; 110. a sleeve; 120. drilling a four-way joint; 130. lower ram blowout preventer; 140. shear ram blowout preventer; 150. an annular blowout preventer; 160. rotating the blowout preventer; 170. rotating the control head; 200. ground equipment; 210. a kill manifold; 220. a drilling pump; 230. a circulation tank; 240. a vibrating screen; 250. a liquid-gas separator; 260. an automatic throttle manifold; 261. a first pipeline; 262. a hydraulic valve; 270. an overhead trough; 271. a second pipeline; 272. a bypass valve; 273. and a third pipeline.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.

Because the accuracy of the pressure prediction of the carbonate stratum is lower, the risk of well control is high, and the fracture karst cave of the carbonate stratum develops and the risk of leakage is extremely high, wherein the higher specific gravity of drilling fluid is the cause of the greatest leakage, so as to protect underground resources such as a hydrocarbon reservoir, prevent well leakage in drilling, ensure the safety of well control of drilling and increase the drilling speed. Aiming at the carbonate stratum, the fine pressure control drilling is considered, the risk of leakage and well control can be considered, the pressure control equipment is utilized to provide wellhead pressure to effectively control annular pressure, and engineering risk is reduced to the greatest extent. To this end, the present application proposes a fine pressure control device for carbonate formations.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fine pressure control drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the fine pressure control drilling apparatus includes a wellhead control device 100 and a surface device 200. Wellhead control device 100 includes a casing 110, a drilling four-way 120, a rotary blowout preventer 160, and a rotary control head 170 in bottom-up communication; surface equipment 200 includes a kill manifold 210, an automatic choke manifold 260, an overhead tank 270, a liquid-gas separator 250, a shaker 240, a circulation tank 230, and a drill pump 220. The kill manifold 210, the drill pump 220, and the drill four-way 120 are connected in series with one another. An outlet of the drilling pump 220 is connected with the rotary control head 170, an outlet of the rotary control head 170 is communicated with the automatic throttle manifold 260 through a first pipeline 261, and an outlet of the automatic throttle manifold 260 is communicated with the drilling pump 220 through the liquid-gas separator 250, the vibrating screen 240 and the circulating tank 230 in sequence. The overhead tank 270 is erected between the rotary control head 170 and the vibrating screen 240, a second pipeline 271 is arranged between the outlet of the rotary control head 170 and the overhead tank 270, a third pipeline 273 is arranged between the outlet of the automatic throttle manifold 260 and the overhead tank 270, a hydraulic valve 262 is arranged on the first pipeline 261, and a bypass valve 272 is arranged on the second pipeline 271. That is, the slurry return line of the bypass valve 272 is connected to the overhead tank 270, the inlet lines of the automatic throttle manifold 260 are all connected to the overhead tank 270, and the automatic throttle manifold 260 is connected in series with the liquid-gas separator 250.

In one embodiment, a lower ram blowout preventer 130, a shear ram blowout preventer 140, and an annular blowout preventer 150 are disposed in sequence between the drilling four-way 120 and the rotary blowout preventer 160.

In one embodiment, the bearing assembly of the rotary blowout preventer 160 is internally locked, and the upper end surface of the rotary blowout preventer 160 is provided with a conversion flange connection.

In one embodiment, the upper end of the rotary blowout preventer 160 is provided with a pressure control horn, the pressure control horn is locked by a hydraulic clamp of the base of the rotary blowout preventer 160, and the upper end of the pressure control horn is fixedly locked by a pneumatic tire.

In one embodiment, to meet the pressure requirements of the in-out slurry line, the first line 261, the second line 271, and the third line 273 each employ high pressure lines.

In one embodiment, to meet the pressure accuracy requirements of fine pressure control, the hydraulic drive of the drilling pump 220 is changed to electric drive in the present application.

In one embodiment, a first valve is disposed at the inlet of the liquid-gas separator 250.

In one embodiment, a second valve is disposed at the outlet of the kill manifold 210.

The specific use process of the fine pressure control drilling device provided by the application is as follows:

when the drilling fluid density is capable of balancing formation pressure, the rotary control head 170 may not be used to control the pressure operation when the drilling cycle and tripping process are normal. I.e., the bypass valve 272 in the device is opened, the hydraulic valve 262 to the automatic choke 260 is closed, and drilling fluid is returned to the overhead tank 270 by the bypass valve 272. The drilling fluid circulation flow is sequentially from the drilling pump 220, the vertical pipe, the drill string, the annulus, the rotary control head 170, the bypass valve 272, the overhead tank 270, the vibrating screen 240 and the circulation tank 230 to the drilling pump 220, and drilling is performed according to the non-pressure control drilling circulation flow. And (4) drilling according to the designed drilling fluid density during drilling. The circulation tank 230 level changes are closely monitored during drilling. When overflow occurs, the well is immediately closed, guan Jingli pressure and casing pressure are recorded, and the stratum pressure is obtained. And meanwhile, the flow is poured to one path of the automatic choke 260, namely, the flow is processed according to the pressure control well drilling. If well leakage occurs in the drilling process, stopping drilling, lifting the drill bit off the bottom of the well, and circulating drilling fluid to a reasonable density. Wherein drilling fluid flows along a drilling pump 220, riser, drilling tool, annulus, rotary control head 170, bypass valve 272, second line 271, overhead tank 270, shaker 240 to circulation tank 230.

When the pressure control drilling is performed, the hydraulic valve 262 reaching the automatic throttle manifold 260 is opened, the bypass valve 272 is closed, and the throttle valve is regulated through the special automatic throttle manifold 260 for fine pressure control, so that the back pressure is applied to the well, and the purpose of the pressure control drilling is achieved. Drilling fluid flows along the borehole pump 220, riser, tool interior, annulus, drilling four-way 120, rotary control head 170, auto choke manifold 260, third line 273, overhead tank 270, shaker 240, circulation tank 230 to the borehole pump 220. If the gas measurement value is large or gas invasion occurs, the drilling fluid circulation flow is sequentially drilling pump 220, vertical pipe, drilling tool inner part, annulus, rotary control head 170, automatic choke manifold 260 and liquid-gas separator 250, liquid phase and solid phase return to overhead tank 270 and then to vibrating screen 240, and gas phase is released and combusted through the exhaust pipeline.

The specific drilling process is as follows: when the drill is started, the drill bit is placed at a certain position above the casing shoe, the displacement liquid is injected, the heavy mud is injected to displace the primary slurry above the drill bit, a mud cap is formed, and the formation pressure can be balanced only by means of hydrostatic column pressure after the drill is started. When the drill bit is driven down, the drill bit is firstly driven down to the bottom of the mud cap, the high-density mud cap is displaced, the bottom hole pressure in the process of driving down is ensured to be within a safe range by controlling the back pressure of the wellhead, and the drill bit is driven down to the bottom hole after the mud cap is displaced. When heavy slurry is replaced, the deviation between the density of the returned slurry and the density of the designed heavy slurry is required to be 0.01g/cm < 3 >, and then the wellhead is observed for 30 minutes, so that no overflow occurs and the drilling can be started. When the heavy slurry cap is replaced by drilling to a certain depth, the deviation between the density of the returned slurry and the density of the drilling slurry is required to be up and down 0.01g/cm ³ And then proceeds to the next job program. And after the heavy mud cap is replaced, the drilling is carried out conventionally, continuous grouting is required to be maintained, and the bottom hole pressure can be kept to balance the formation pressure. Drilling fluid is filled into the drilling tool once every 10 columns of the drill are drilled in the drilling process. The well drilling fluid is fully circulated, the density performance is stable and uniform, and the display condition of the bottom oil and gas is observed by a short-range tripping method.

The short-range tripping tool body comprises the following steps: under normal conditions, the conventional tripping operation is generally performed by taking up 10-15 column drilling tools, and then tripping the drilling tools into the well bottom for a circle, if the underground conditions are normal, the drilling tools can be formally tripped, otherwise, the gas is recycled, and the density of drilling fluid is adjusted. In special cases (needing to stop circulation for a long time or processing underground complex conditions), a drilling tool is lifted into a casing shoe or a safe well section, the time of one-time tripping or needing to stop circulation is observed, and then the drilling tool is tripped to the bottom of the well for one week to observe underground oil and gas display conditions. The pumping pressure is reduced when the drill is started, and the exciting pressure is reduced when the drill is started. When the drill bit is above the ram blowout preventer, the ram is closed. The rubber core is used for lifting the drill, so that the sealing rubber in the sealing bearing is worn, the sealing bearing is detached when the drill is lifted to a shoe under the normal condition of the underground, the pressure control horn pipe is arranged, and continuous grouting is realized.

When the overflow exhaust circulation is needed, namely overflow occurs during drilling, the overflow amount is within 0.5 square, the drilling is stopped, and the circulation tank 230 is kept to resume drilling after the liquid level is basically stable. Specifically, the pressure-controlled drilling engineer first increases the wellhead pressure by 2MPa and reads the fluid level at 5 minute intervals. If the liquid level is kept unchanged, continuing drilling; if the liquid level continues to rise, the wellhead pressure should be increased continuously with 1MPa as the base, 5 minutes apart, until the overflow stops. If the wellhead pressure is greater than 7MPa, wellhead pressure control can be reduced by increasing the drilling fluid density. The overflow amount is between 0.5 and 2 square, and the pressure control drilling engineer should continuously apply wellhead pressure with 2MPa as the base and interval time of 5 minutes until overflow is stopped. If the wellhead pressure is greater than 7MPa, the wellhead back pressure can be reduced by increasing the mud density. The overflow quantity exceeds 2, the well head is controlled directly by the well team by adopting conventional well control equipment, and well closing operation is implemented according to well control requirements. Specifically, when an overflow occurs during tripping, the overflow occurs during pressure-controlled tripping, which is usually caused by pumping, and the increased value is converted by increasing the liquid level of the circulation tank 230 by the method of compensating the reduction of the hydrostatic column pressure in the well by increasing the pressure of the automatic throttling manifold 260, so as to keep the bottom hole pressure balanced with the formation pressure. Overflow and kick are very easy to occur during tripping, and the kick is caused by the suction effect of the tripping and the slippage and rising of oil gas entering a shaft due to long-time non-circulating drilling fluid. The change in the drilling fluid increment of the circulation tank 230 should be strictly monitored during the tripping process to determine whether overflow occurs. The increase in the well hydrostatic column pressure is compensated for by increasing the choke pressure, which translates to increasing the height of the circulation tank 230 in the annulus, maintaining the bottom hole pressure balanced with the formation pressure. And after the well is drilled down, the density of the drilling fluid is adjusted according to the requirement, and the well is recovered to be drilled after the well is washed circularly at a low pump speed. Wherein drilling fluid circulates sequentially along the borehole pump 220, riser, tool interior, annulus, drilling four-way 120, rotary control head 170, automatic choke manifold 260, liquid-gas separator 250, overhead tank 270, shaker 240, and circulation tank 230.

When the pressure is stopped, namely the flow of controlling the pressure drilling to connect the upright post, the well fixing pump is started, the bypass valve 272 is closed, and the hydraulic valve 262 is opened for circulation. The drilling fluid circulation flow circulates along the fixed well pump, the kill manifold 210, the rotary control head 170, the auto choke manifold 260, the overhead tank 270, the shaker 240, and the circulation tank 230. The single joint is carried out according to the pressure control well drilling displacement circulation by the single joint position. Before stopping the pump, the pressure-controlled drilling engineer records the circulating vertical pressure, wellhead pressure, bottom hole pressure and throttle opening. And the pressure control drilling engineer calculates a wellhead pressure value to be increased after the pump is stopped, and slowly reduces the pump displacement to 0 after the opening degree of the throttle valve is matched.

The utility model provides a meticulous accuse pressure drilling equipment through the automatic choke manifold of rational configuration, makes automatic choke manifold can accomplish to get into the pit shaft discharge capacity and change gradually in accuse pressure drilling for automatic choke manifold has abundant time to carry out the switch pump, plays the pressure fluctuation that causes during the drilling down compensates, has ensured bottom hole pressure stable, has avoided pressure wave dynamic pressure to leak the stratum, effectively avoids engineering risk.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The fine pressure control drilling device is characterized by comprising wellhead control equipment and surface equipment; the wellhead control equipment comprises a sleeve, a drilling four-way joint, a rotary blowout preventer and a rotary control head which are communicated from bottom to top; the ground equipment comprises a well killing manifold, an automatic throttling manifold, an overhead tank, a liquid-gas separator, a vibrating screen, a circulating tank and a drilling pump; the well killing manifold, the well drilling pump and the well drilling four-way joint are mutually connected in series, an outlet of the well drilling pump is connected with the rotary control head, an outlet of the rotary control head is communicated with the automatic throttling manifold through a first pipeline, and an outlet of the automatic throttling manifold is communicated with the well drilling pump through the liquid-gas separator, the vibrating screen and the circulating tank in sequence; the overhead tank is erected between the rotary control head and the vibrating screen, a second pipeline is arranged between an outlet of the rotary control head and the overhead tank, a third pipeline is arranged between an outlet of the automatic throttle manifold and the overhead tank, a hydraulic valve is arranged on the first pipeline, and a bypass valve is arranged on the second pipeline.

2. The fine pressure control drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein a lower ram blowout preventer, a shear ram blowout preventer, and an annular blowout preventer are sequentially disposed between the drilling four-way and the rotary blowout preventer.

3. The fine pressure control drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the bearing assembly of the rotary blowout preventer is internally locked, and wherein the upper end surface of the rotary blowout preventer is provided with a conversion flange connection.

4. The fine pressure control drilling device of claim 1, wherein a pressure control horn is arranged at the upper end of the rotary blowout preventer, the pressure control horn is locked by a hydraulic clamp of a base of the rotary blowout preventer, and the upper end of the pressure control horn is fixedly locked by a pneumatic tire.

5. The fine pressure control drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third lines each employ a high pressure line.

6. The fine pressure control drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drilling pump is electrically driven.

7. The fine pressure control drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein a first valve is disposed at an inlet of the liquid-gas separator.

8. The fine pressure control drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein a second valve is disposed at an outlet of the kill manifold.