CN114290905B - Active discharging circuit of motor controller - Google Patents
Active discharging circuit of motor controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN114290905B CN114290905B CN202111674099.XA CN202111674099A CN114290905B CN 114290905 B CN114290905 B CN 114290905B CN 202111674099 A CN202111674099 A CN 202111674099A CN 114290905 B CN114290905 B CN 114290905B
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active discharging circuit of a motor controller, which is provided with a high-voltage battery, a starting switch, a thin film capacitor and a switching power supply, wherein the high-voltage battery is connected with the thin film capacitor through the starting switch, the thin film capacitor is connected with the switching power supply, the switching power supply comprises a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module and a voltage control circuit, the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the thin film capacitor through the switching tube Q1, the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module, and the voltage control circuit is respectively connected with the capacitor module and the switching tube Q1 and controls the voltage of the capacitor module through adjusting the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 so as to realize active discharging. The invention can realize rapid active discharge and can avoid the heat dissipation problem existing in the existing active discharge. On the other hand, the capacitor module can be used as a backup power supply to protect the safety of the controller.
Description
[ Field of technology ]
The invention relates to an active discharge circuit of a motor, in particular to an active discharge circuit of a motor controller, which can rapidly discharge and protect the safety of the controller.
[ Background Art ]
The new energy automobile adopts high-voltage power supply, an inverter driving motor is used for providing power for the whole automobile, and other high-voltage power supply equipment is provided. In order to reduce parasitic inductance of the high-voltage loop and stabilize voltage output, the high-voltage loop is provided with a high-voltage energy storage unit. When the high-voltage connection is disconnected or faults and accidents occur, the rapid discharge in the high-voltage energy storage unit must be reduced to below 60V in a short time in order to ensure the safety of personnel in the vehicle, and the rapid discharge process is called active discharge. The existing active discharge schemes mainly have two kinds: one is to control the switch element to be turned on through the control circuit, the energy storage element is connected with the resistor, and the energy in the energy storage unit is consumed on the resistor in the form of heat. The other is to make the IGBT work in a linear region by changing the gate resistance of the IGBT, so that the energy in the energy storage unit is consumed on the IGBT in the form of heat.
Both methods actively discharge in the form of converting electric energy into heat, and heat dissipation needs to be fully considered. In addition, under the background of continuously improving the safety requirements of the whole vehicle, partial situations need to use the residual energy in the high-voltage energy storage unit to execute the protection functions of active short circuit and the like of the motor, which contradicts with the strategy of rapidly consuming the energy in a heat form.
[ Invention ]
The present invention is directed to solving the above-mentioned problems, and provides an active discharge circuit of a motor controller, which can discharge rapidly and store the energy of active discharge for protecting the safety of the controller.
In order to solve the above problems, the active discharging circuit of the motor controller provided by the invention is provided with a high-voltage battery, a starting switch, a thin film capacitor and a switching power supply, wherein the high-voltage battery is connected with the thin film capacitor through the starting switch, the thin film capacitor is connected with the switching power supply, the switching power supply comprises a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module and a voltage control circuit, the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the thin film capacitor through the switching tube Q1, the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module, and the voltage control circuit is respectively connected with the capacitor module and the switching tube Q1 and controls the voltage of the capacitor module through adjusting the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 so as to realize active discharging.
Further, the switching tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube, a drain electrode thereof is connected to a primary side output end of the transformer MC1, a gate electrode thereof is connected to an output end of the voltage control circuit, and a source electrode thereof is connected to a negative electrode of the thin film capacitor.
Further, the capacitor module includes at least one second capacitor C2, and a plurality of second capacitors C2 are connected in series and/or in parallel, where the second capacitor C2 is a super capacitor.
Further, the second capacitor C2 is a lithium ion capacitor, the withstand voltage of which is 3.8V, and the capacity of which is matched with the energy released by the thin film capacitor.
Further, the voltage control circuit comprises a voltage regulation sub-circuit, a feedback sub-circuit and a power management chip, wherein the input end of the voltage regulation sub-circuit is connected with the capacitor module, the output end of the voltage regulation sub-circuit is connected with the input end of the feedback sub-circuit, the output end of the feedback sub-circuit is connected with the input end of the power management chip, and the output end of the power management chip is connected with the switch tube Q1.
Further, the voltage regulation sub-circuit comprises a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9 and a third MOS tube Q3, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor module, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain electrode of the third MOS tube Q3 and the feedback sub-circuit, one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 are grounded, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the source electrode of the third MOS tube Q3, and the gate electrode signal of the third MOS tube Q3 is connected with an external discharge control signal.
Further, the feedback sub-circuit comprises a second diode D2 and a linear optocoupler, an anode of the second diode D2 is connected with an output end of the voltage regulation sub-circuit, a cathode of the second diode D is connected with an input end of the linear optocoupler, and an output end of the linear optocoupler is connected with an input end of the power management chip.
Further, the input end of the power management chip is connected with the output end of the feedback sub-circuit, and the output end of the power management chip is connected with the gate electrode of the switching tube Q1.
Further, the switching power supply further comprises a current limiting circuit, and the current limiting circuit is respectively connected with the transformer MC1, the capacitor module and the voltage control circuit.
Further, the current limiting circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a current sampling circuit and a first diode D1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of the secondary side of the transformer MC1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor module, the current sampling circuit is used for collecting voltages at two ends of the first resistor R1 and calculating charging current of the capacitor module, the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with the output end of the current sampling circuit, and the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with the voltage control circuit.
The contribution of the invention is as follows: when the active discharging circuit is started at high voltage, the high-voltage battery supplies power to the capacitor module. On the other hand, in the discharging process, the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 is increased through the voltage control circuit, so that the energy released by the film capacitor is quickly released to the capacitor module and stored, quick active discharging is realized, and the heat dissipation problem existing in the existing active discharging can be avoided. In addition, the capacitor module is used as a backup power supply to prevent the active short circuit and state monitoring from being executed under the condition of abnormal power failure so as to protect the safety of the controller.
[ Description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.
[ Detailed description ] of the invention
The following examples are further illustrative and supplementary of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Referring to fig. 1, the active discharging circuit of the motor controller of the present invention includes a high voltage battery 10, a start switch 20, a thin film capacitor 30 and a switching power supply 40. The high-voltage battery 10 is connected with the thin film capacitor 30 through the starting switch 20, the thin film capacitor 30 is connected with the switching power supply 40, and the thin film capacitor 30 realizes active discharge through the switching power supply 40. The active discharging circuit is used for high-voltage power supply equipment of the new energy electric automobile to ensure the safety of personnel in the automobile when the high-voltage connection is disconnected and a fault or an accident occurs. The high-voltage battery 10, the start switch 20 and the thin film capacitor 30 in this embodiment are selected from the high-voltage battery, the start switch and the thin film capacitor conventionally used in the active discharging system of the existing new energy electric vehicle, which are not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 1, a switching power supply 40 is connected to the thin film capacitor 30 for discharging energy of the thin film capacitor and for performing active short circuit and state monitoring as a backup power supply. The switching power supply 40 includes a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module 41, and a voltage control circuit 42. One end of the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected to the positive electrode of the thin film capacitor 30, the other end of the primary side is connected to the switching tube Q1, and the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected to the capacitor module 41. The switching tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube, its drain is connected to the primary side output terminal of the transformer MC1, its gate is connected to the output terminal of the voltage control circuit 42, and its source is connected to the negative electrode of the thin film capacitor 30. The capacitor module 41 includes at least one second capacitor C2, and a plurality of second capacitors C2 are connected in series and/or in parallel to improve the voltage resistance of the capacitor module 41. Specifically, the second capacitor C2 may be a super capacitor, and its specific capacity may be calculated according to the energy released by the thin film capacitor 30. In this embodiment, the second capacitor C2 is a lithium ion capacitor with a withstand voltage of 3.8V, and the capacitor module 41 is formed by connecting a plurality of second capacitors C2 in series, wherein the total capacity of the plurality of second capacitors C2 is greater than the energy released by the thin film capacitor 30.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the voltage control circuit 42 is connected to the capacitor module 41 and the switching tube Q1, and is used for adjusting the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 to control the voltage of the capacitor module 41, thereby realizing active discharge. Specifically, the voltage control circuit 42 includes a voltage adjustment sub-circuit 421, a feedback sub-circuit 422, and a power management chip 423, wherein the voltage adjustment sub-circuit 421 is used for adjusting the voltage across the capacitor module 41, the input end of the voltage adjustment sub-circuit is connected to the capacitor module 41, and the output end of the voltage adjustment sub-circuit is connected to the feedback sub-circuit 422. The voltage adjusting sub-circuit 421 includes a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9, and a third MOS transistor Q3, wherein one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor module 41, the other end is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3, and the feedback sub-circuit 422, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 are grounded, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the source of the third MOS transistor Q3, and the gate signal of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to an external control discharge control signal. The feedback sub-circuit 422 has an input connected to the output of the voltage regulator sub-circuit 421 and an output connected to the power management chip 423. Specifically, the feedback current 422 includes a second diode D2 and a linear optocoupler, wherein an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the third MOS transistor Q3, the fourth resistor R4, and the seventh resistor R7 of the voltage adjusting sub-circuit 421, respectively, a cathode thereof is connected to an input terminal of the linear optocoupler, and an output terminal of the linear optocoupler is connected to an input terminal of the power management chip 423. The input end of the power management chip 423 is connected to the output end of the feedback sub-circuit 422, and the output end thereof is connected to the gate electrode of the switching transistor Q1. The power management chip 423 controls the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 according to the output signal of the linear optocoupler to control the voltage of the capacitor module 41, so as to realize active discharge. In this embodiment, the model of the linear optocoupler is PC817, and the model of the power management chip 423 is UC2844.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the switching power supply 40 further includes a current limiting circuit 43, where the current limiting circuit 43 is respectively connected to the transformer MC1, the capacitor module 41 and the voltage control circuit 42, and is used to limit the charging current of the capacitor module 41 so as to prevent the capacitor module 41 from flowing excessively. Specifically, the current limiting circuit 43 includes a first resistor R1, a current sampling circuit and a first diode D1, wherein one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of the secondary side of the transformer MC1, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor module 41, the current sampling circuit is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1 and is used for collecting voltages at two ends of the first resistor R1, an output end of the current sampling circuit is connected with an anode of the first diode D1, and a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with an input end of the linear optocoupler of the feedback sub-circuit 422.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the active discharge circuit of the present invention has the following working principle: when the high voltage is started, the high voltage battery 10 charges the thin film capacitor 30 through the start switch 20, the power management chip 423 outputs a pulse control signal to control the switch of the switching tube Q1, so that the transformer MC1 couples the electric energy from the primary side to the secondary side, and the capacitor module 41 generates a stable dc voltage, which is used as a backup power source, and at this time, the third MOS Q3 in the voltage adjusting circuit 421 is in an off state, and the voltages at the two ends of the capacitor module 41 can be stabilized to a preset value, for example, 5V, by reasonably setting the resistances of the second resistor R2, the fourth resistor R4 and the seventh resistor R7.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when a discharge command is received, the start switch 20 is turned off, and at the same time, the control signal of the third MOS transistor is at a high level, at this time, the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, and since the seventh resistor R7 is connected in parallel with the ninth resistor R9, the output voltage of the voltage adjusting subcircuit 421 decreases, and the linear optocoupler output current in the feedback subcircuit 422 decreases, at this time, the duty ratio of the output pulse of the power management chip 423 increases, so that the voltage across the capacitor module 41 increases and tends to be stable, and therefore, the voltage across the capacitor module 41 can be adjusted by reasonably setting the resistance value of the ninth resistor R9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the charging current of the capacitor module 41 is too large, the voltage at both ends of the first resistor R1 increases, the output signal of the current sampling circuit 431 is processed by the feedback sub-circuit 422 and then sent to the power management chip 423, and the power management chip 423 reduces the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 according to the received signal, thereby preventing the capacitor module 41 from being over-flowed.
Although the present invention has been disclosed by the above embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications, substitutions, etc. made to the above components will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An active discharging circuit of a motor controller is characterized in that the circuit is provided with a high-voltage battery (10), a starting switch (20), a film capacitor (30) and a switching power supply (40), the high-voltage battery (10) is connected with the film capacitor (30) through the starting switch (20), the film capacitor (30) is connected with the switching power supply (40), the switching power supply (40) comprises a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module (41) and a voltage control circuit (42), the voltage control circuit (42) comprises a voltage regulation sub-circuit (421), a feedback sub-circuit (422) and a power supply management chip (423), the input end of the voltage regulation sub-circuit (421) is connected with the capacitor module (41), the output end of the voltage regulation subcircuit (421) comprises a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9 and a third MOS tube Q3, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor module (41), the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain electrode of the third MOS tube Q3 and the feedback subcircuit (422), the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 are grounded, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with a source electrode of the third MOS tube Q3, a gate electrode signal of the third MOS tube Q3 is connected with an external discharge control signal, a primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the thin film capacitor (30) through the switch tube Q1, a secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module (41), and the voltage control circuit (42) is respectively connected with the capacitor module (41) and the switch tube Q1 and controls the voltage of the capacitor module (41) through adjusting the pulse duty ratio of the switch tube Q1 so as to realize active discharge.
2. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the switching tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube, a drain electrode thereof is connected to a primary side output terminal of the transformer MC1, a gate electrode thereof is connected to an output terminal of the voltage control circuit (42), and a source electrode thereof is connected to a negative electrode of the thin film capacitor (30).
3. Active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor module (41) comprises at least one second capacitor C2, a plurality of the second capacitors C2 being connected in series and/or in parallel, the second capacitors C2 being super capacitors.
4. An active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 3, wherein the second capacitor C2 is a lithium ion capacitor having a withstand voltage of 3.8V and a capacity matching the energy released by the thin film capacitor (30).
5. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the feedback sub-circuit (422) comprises a second diode D2 and a linear optocoupler, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulation sub-circuit (421), the cathode thereof is connected to the input terminal of the linear optocoupler, and the output terminal of the linear optocoupler is connected to the input terminal of the power management chip (423).
6. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, wherein an input terminal of the power management chip (423) is connected to an output terminal of the feedback sub-circuit (422), and an output terminal thereof is connected to a gate electrode of the switching transistor Q1.
7. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply (40) further comprises a current limiting circuit (43), the current limiting circuit (43) being connected to the transformer MC1, the capacitor module (41) and the voltage control circuit (42), respectively.
8. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 7, wherein the current limiting circuit (43) comprises a first resistor R1, a current sampling circuit and a first diode D1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with one end of a secondary side of the transformer MC1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with an anode of the capacitor module (41), the current sampling circuit is used for collecting voltages at two ends of the first resistor R1 and calculating a charging current of the capacitor module (41), and an anode of the first diode D1 is connected with an output end of the current sampling circuit, and a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the voltage control circuit (42).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111674099.XA CN114290905B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Active discharging circuit of motor controller |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111674099.XA CN114290905B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Active discharging circuit of motor controller |
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| CN114290905A CN114290905A (en) | 2022-04-08 |
| CN114290905B true CN114290905B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116015039B (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2024-03-15 | 蜂巢传动科技邳州有限公司 | Discharging circuit, motor controller and discharging method |
| CN116780879B (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江奥思伟尔电动科技有限公司 | Active discharging circuit of high-voltage driving controller of electric automobile, controller and automobile |
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| CN101562398A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2009-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Input series connection push-pull forward converter |
| CN204103530U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-01-14 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of electric capacity leadage circuit and electric machine controller |
| CN108199590A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 河南北瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high frequency switch power |
| CN208156170U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-27 | 大山科技有限公司 | A kind of initiative alarming circuit of bus power source |
| CN210297549U (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2020-04-10 | 海宁祁连山电子有限公司 | Switching power supply based on flyback transformer |
| CN212289514U (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-01-05 | 浙江吉利新能源商用车集团有限公司 | Be used for supplementary bleeder circuit, high-voltage discharge module and electric automobile |
-
2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111674099.XA patent/CN114290905B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101562398A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2009-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Input series connection push-pull forward converter |
| CN204103530U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2015-01-14 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of electric capacity leadage circuit and electric machine controller |
| CN108199590A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 河南北瑞电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high frequency switch power |
| CN208156170U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-27 | 大山科技有限公司 | A kind of initiative alarming circuit of bus power source |
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