CN114290905A - Active discharge circuit of motor controller - Google Patents
Active discharge circuit of motor controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN114290905A CN114290905A CN202111674099.XA CN202111674099A CN114290905A CN 114290905 A CN114290905 A CN 114290905A CN 202111674099 A CN202111674099 A CN 202111674099A CN 114290905 A CN114290905 A CN 114290905A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention discloses an active discharge circuit of a motor controller, which is provided with a high-voltage battery, a starting switch, a film capacitor and a switch power supply, wherein the high-voltage battery is connected with the film capacitor through the starting switch, the film capacitor is connected with the switch power supply, the switch power supply comprises a transformer MC1, a switch tube Q1, a capacitor module and a voltage control circuit, the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the film capacitor through a switch tube Q1, the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module, the voltage control circuit is respectively connected with the capacitor module and the switch tube Q1, and the voltage control circuit controls the voltage of the capacitor module by adjusting the pulse duty ratio of a switch tube Q1 so as to realize active discharge. The invention can realize rapid active discharge and avoid the heat dissipation problem of the existing active discharge. On the other hand, the capacitor module can be used as a backup power supply to protect the safety of the controller.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to an active discharge circuit of a motor, and more particularly, to an active discharge circuit of a motor controller capable of discharging quickly and protecting the safety of the controller.
[ background of the invention ]
The new energy automobile adopts high-voltage power supply, uses an inverter driving motor to provide power for the whole automobile, and is provided with other high-voltage power supply equipment. In order to reduce parasitic inductance of the high-voltage loop and stabilize voltage output, the high-voltage loop is provided with a high-voltage energy storage unit. When the high-voltage connection is disconnected or a fault or an accident occurs, in order to ensure the safety of people in the vehicle, the high-voltage energy storage unit needs to be rapidly discharged to below 60V in a short time, and the rapid discharge process is called as active discharge. The existing active discharge schemes mainly have two types: one is that the switch element is controlled to be conducted by the control circuit, the energy storage element is connected with the resistor, and the energy in the energy storage unit is consumed on the resistor in the form of heat. The other method is to change the gate resistance of the IGBT to make the IGBT work in a linear region, and consume the energy in the energy storage unit on the IGBT in the form of heat.
Both methods perform active discharge in the form of converting electric energy into heat, and the problem of heat dissipation needs to be fully considered. In addition, on the background that the safety requirement of the whole vehicle is continuously improved, the protection functions of active short circuit and the like of the motor need to be executed by utilizing residual energy in the high-voltage energy storage unit in part of situations, which is contradictory to the strategy of quickly consuming energy in the form of heat.
[ summary of the invention ]
The present invention is directed to solve the above problems, and provides an active discharge circuit of a motor controller, which can discharge quickly, store active discharge energy, and protect the safety of the controller.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an active discharge circuit of a motor controller, which is provided with a high voltage battery, a start switch, a thin film capacitor and a switching power supply, wherein the high voltage battery is connected with the thin film capacitor through the start switch, the thin film capacitor is connected with the switching power supply, the switching power supply includes a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module and a voltage control circuit, the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the thin film capacitor through the switching tube Q1, the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module, the voltage control circuit is respectively connected with the capacitor module and the switching tube Q1, and the voltage control circuit controls the voltage of the capacitor module by adjusting the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 to realize active discharge.
Further, the switching tube Q1 is an N-channel MOS tube, a drain thereof is connected to the primary side output terminal of the transformer MC1, a gate thereof is connected to the output terminal of the voltage control circuit, and a source thereof is connected to the negative electrode of the thin film capacitor.
Further, the capacitor module comprises at least one second capacitor C2, a plurality of second capacitors C2 are connected in series and/or in parallel, and the second capacitor C2 is a super capacitor.
Furthermore, the second capacitor C2 is a lithium ion capacitor with a withstand voltage of 3.8V and a capacity matching the energy released by the film capacitor.
Further, the voltage control circuit comprises a voltage regulation subcircuit, a feedback subcircuit and a power management chip, wherein the input end of the voltage regulation subcircuit is connected with the capacitor module, the output end of the voltage regulation subcircuit is connected with the input end of the feedback subcircuit, the output end of the feedback subcircuit is connected with the input end of the power management chip, and the output end of the power management chip is connected with the switching tube Q1.
Further, the voltage regulation subcircuit comprises a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9 and a third MOS transistor Q3, wherein one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor module, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of a fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 and the feedback subcircuit, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 are grounded, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the source of the third MOS transistor Q3, and the gate signal of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the external discharge control signal.
Further, the feedback subcircuit comprises a second diode D2 and a linear optocoupler, wherein the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the output end of the voltage regulation subcircuit, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the input end of the linear optocoupler, and the output end of the linear optocoupler is connected with the input end of the power management chip.
Furthermore, the input end of the power management chip is connected with the output end of the feedback branch circuit, and the output end of the power management chip is connected with the gate of the switching tube Q1.
Further, the switching power supply further comprises a current limiting circuit, and the current limiting circuit is respectively connected with the transformer MC1, the capacitor module and the voltage control circuit.
Furthermore, the current limiting circuit includes a first resistor R1, a current sampling circuit and a first diode D1, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the secondary side of the transformer MC1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor module, the current sampling circuit is configured to collect voltages at two ends of the first resistor R1 and calculate a charging current of the capacitor module, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output end of the current sampling circuit, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the voltage control circuit.
The contribution of the invention lies in: when the active discharge circuit is started at high voltage, the high-voltage battery supplies power to the capacitor module. On the other hand, in the discharging process, the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 is increased through the voltage control circuit, so that the energy released by the film capacitor is quickly released to the capacitor module and stored, quick active discharging is realized, and the heat dissipation problem existing in the existing active discharging can be avoided. In addition, the capacitor module can be used as a backup power supply to prevent active short circuit and state monitoring from being executed under the condition of abnormal power failure so as to protect the safety of the controller.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit schematic of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following examples are further illustrative and supplementary to the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Referring to fig. 1, the active discharge circuit of the motor controller of the present invention includes a high voltage battery 10, a start switch 20, a thin film capacitor 30, and a switching power supply 40. The high-voltage battery 10 is connected with the thin film capacitor 30 through the starting switch 20, the thin film capacitor 30 is connected with the switching power supply 40, and the thin film capacitor 30 realizes active discharge through the switching power supply 40. The active discharge circuit is used for high-voltage power supply equipment of the new energy electric automobile, so that the safety of personnel in the automobile is ensured when high-voltage connection is disconnected and a fault or an accident occurs. The high-voltage battery 10, the starting switch 20, and the film capacitor 30 in this embodiment are high-voltage batteries, starting switches, and film capacitors that are conventionally used in an active discharge system of an existing new energy electric vehicle, and are not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 1, a switching power supply 40 is connected to the thin film capacitor 30 for discharging energy of the thin film capacitor and for performing active short circuit and state monitoring as a backup power supply. The switching power supply 40 includes a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module 41, and a voltage control circuit 42. One end of the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the anode of the film capacitor 30, the other end of the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the switching tube Q1, and the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module 41. The switch transistor Q1 is an N-channel MOS transistor, the drain of which is connected to the primary output terminal of the transformer MC1, the gate of which is connected to the output terminal of the voltage control circuit 42, and the source of which is connected to the negative electrode of the thin-film capacitor 30. The capacitor module 41 includes at least one second capacitor C2, and a plurality of second capacitors C2 are connected in series and/or in parallel to improve the voltage resistance of the capacitor module 41. Specifically, the second capacitor C2 may be a super capacitor, and its specific capacity may be calculated according to the energy released by the film capacitor 30. In this embodiment, the second capacitor C2 is a lithium ion capacitor, the withstand voltage thereof is 3.8V, the capacitor module 41 is formed by serially connecting a plurality of second capacitors C2, and the total capacity of the plurality of second capacitors C2 is greater than the energy released by the thin film capacitor 30.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the voltage control circuit 42 is respectively connected to the capacitor module 41 and the switching tube Q1, and is configured to adjust a pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 to control a voltage of the capacitor module 41, so as to implement active discharge. Specifically, the voltage control circuit 42 includes a voltage adjusting subcircuit 421, a feedback subcircuit 422 and a power management chip 423, wherein the voltage adjusting subcircuit 421 is used for adjusting the voltages at two ends of the capacitor module 41, an input end of the voltage adjusting subcircuit is connected with the capacitor module 41, and an output end of the voltage adjusting subcircuit is connected with the feedback subcircuit 422. The voltage regulation subcircuit 421 includes a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9 and a third MOS transistor Q3, wherein one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor module 41, the other end of the second resistor R3538 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 and the feedback subcircuit 422, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 are grounded, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the source of the third MOS transistor Q3, and the gate signal of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the external control discharge control signal. The input end of the feedback sub-circuit 422 is connected to the output end of the voltage regulating sub-circuit 421, and the output end thereof is connected to the power management chip 423. Specifically, the feedback current 422 includes a second diode D2 and a linear optical coupler, wherein an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the third MOS transistor Q3, the fourth resistor R4 and the seventh resistor R7 of the voltage regulator sub-circuit 421, a cathode thereof is connected to an input terminal of the linear optical coupler, and an output terminal of the linear optical coupler is connected to an input terminal of the power management chip 423. The input terminal of the power management chip 423 is connected to the output terminal of the feedback sub-circuit 422, and the output terminal thereof is connected to the gate of the switching transistor Q1. The power management chip 423 controls the pulse duty ratio of the switching tube Q1 according to the output signal of the linear optocoupler, so as to control the voltage of the capacitor module 41, thereby implementing active discharge. In this embodiment, the model of the linear optocoupler is PC817, and the model of the power management chip 423 is UC 2844.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in some embodiments, the switching power supply 40 further includes a current limiting circuit 43, and the current limiting circuit 43 is respectively connected to the transformer MC1, the capacitor module 41, and the voltage control circuit 42, and is configured to limit the charging current of the capacitor module 41 to prevent the capacitor module 41 from overcurrent. Specifically, the current limiting circuit 43 includes a first resistor R1, a current sampling circuit and a first diode D1, wherein one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the secondary side of the transformer MC1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor module 41, the current sampling circuit is connected in parallel to the first resistor R1 and is configured to collect the voltage across the first resistor R1, the output end of the current sampling circuit is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the input end of the linear optocoupler of the feedback sub-circuit 422.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the active discharge circuit of the present invention has the following operating principle: when the high-voltage power supply is started at a high voltage, the high-voltage battery 10 charges the thin-film capacitor 30 through the starting switch 20, the power management chip 423 outputs a pulse control signal to control the switching of the switching tube Q1, so that the transformer MC1 couples electric energy from the primary side to the secondary side, and the capacitor module 41 generates a stable dc voltage as a backup power supply, at this time, the third MOS tube Q3 in the voltage regulating circuit 421 is in an off state, and the voltages at the two ends of the capacitor module 41 can be stabilized to a preset value, for example, 5V, by reasonably setting the resistances of the second resistor R2, the fourth resistor R4 and the seventh resistor R7.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, when a discharge command is received, the start switch 20 is turned off, and meanwhile, the control signal of the third MOS transistor is at a high level, at this time, the third MOS transistor Q3 is turned on, because the seventh resistor R7 is connected in parallel with the ninth resistor R9, the output voltage of the voltage regulation sub-circuit 421 decreases, the output current of the linear optocoupler in the feedback sub-circuit 422 decreases, and at this time, the duty ratio of the output pulse of the power management chip 423 increases, so that the voltages at the two ends of the capacitor module 41 increase and tend to be stable, and therefore, the voltages at the two ends of the capacitor module 41 can be adjusted by reasonably setting the resistance value of the ninth resistor R9.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, when the charging current of the capacitor module 41 is too large, the voltage across the first resistor R1 rises, the output signal of the current sampling circuit 431 is processed by the feedback sub-circuit 422 and then sent to the power management chip 423, and the power management chip 423 reduces the pulse duty cycle of the switching tube Q1 according to the received signal, thereby preventing the capacitor module 41 from overcurrent.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and modifications, substitutions and the like of the above members are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An active discharge circuit of a motor controller is characterized in that the circuit is provided with a high-voltage battery (10), a starting switch (20), a film capacitor (30) and a switching power supply (40), the high-voltage battery (10) is connected with the film capacitor (30) through the starting switch (20), the film capacitor (30) is connected with the switching power supply (40), the switching power supply (40) comprises a transformer MC1, a switching tube Q1, a capacitor module (41) and a voltage control circuit (42), the primary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the film capacitor (30) through the switching tube Q1, the secondary side of the transformer MC1 is connected with the capacitor module (41), the voltage control circuit (42) is respectively connected with the capacitor module (41) and the switching tube Q1, and the voltage of the capacitor module (41) is controlled by adjusting the pulse duty ratio of a switching tube Q1, to achieve active discharge.
2. The active discharge circuit of claim 1, wherein said switching transistor Q1 is an N-channel MOS transistor having a drain connected to the primary output terminal of said transformer MC1, a gate connected to the output terminal of said voltage control circuit (42), and a source connected to the negative terminal of said thin film capacitor (30).
3. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, characterized in that said capacitor module (41) comprises at least one second capacitor C2, a plurality of said second capacitors C2 being connected in series and/or in parallel, said second capacitor C2 being a super capacitor.
4. The active discharge circuit of the motor controller according to claim 3, wherein the second capacitor C2 is a lithium ion capacitor with a withstand voltage of 3.8V and a capacity matching the energy released by the film capacitor (30).
5. The active discharge circuit of the motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the voltage control circuit (42) comprises a voltage regulation subcircuit (421), a feedback subcircuit (422) and a power management chip (423), an input terminal of the voltage regulation subcircuit (421) is connected to the capacitor module (41), an output terminal of the voltage regulation subcircuit is connected to an input terminal of the feedback subcircuit (422), an output terminal of the feedback subcircuit (422) is connected to an input terminal of the power management chip (423), and an output terminal of the power management chip (423) is connected to a switching tube Q1.
6. The active discharge circuit of motor controller according to claim 5, wherein said voltage regulation subcircuit (421) comprises a second resistor R2, a fourth resistor R4, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9 and a third MOS transistor Q3, one end of said second resistor R2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor module (41), the other end thereof is connected to one end of a fourth resistor R4, the other end of said fourth resistor R4 is respectively connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7, the drain of the third MOS transistor Q3 and the feedback subcircuit (422), the other end of said seventh resistor R7 and one end of the ninth resistor R9 are grounded, the other end of said ninth resistor R9 is connected to the source of the third MOS transistor Q3, and the gate signal of said third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the external discharge control signal.
7. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 5, characterized in that the feedback subcircuit (422) comprises a second diode D2 and a linear optocoupler, wherein the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the output of the voltage regulation subcircuit (421) and the cathode thereof is connected to the input of the linear optocoupler, and the output of the linear optocoupler is connected to the input of the power management chip (423).
8. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 5, characterized in that the input terminal of the power management chip (423) is connected to the output terminal of the feedback subcircuit (422), and the output terminal thereof is connected to the gate of the switching transistor Q1.
9. The active discharge circuit of a motor controller according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply (40) further comprises a current limiting circuit (43), and the current limiting circuit (43) is connected to the transformer MC1, the capacitor module (41), and the voltage control circuit (42), respectively.
10. The active discharge circuit of motor controller according to claim 9, wherein said current limiting circuit (43) comprises a first resistor R1, a current sampling circuit and a first diode D1, wherein one end of said first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the secondary side of said transformer MC1, and the other end thereof is connected to the positive pole of the capacitor module (41), said current sampling circuit is used to collect the voltage across said first resistor R1 and calculate the charging current of the capacitor module (41), the anode of said first diode D1 is connected to the output end of said current sampling circuit, and the cathode thereof is connected to said voltage control circuit (42).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111674099.XA CN114290905A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Active discharge circuit of motor controller |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111674099.XA CN114290905A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Active discharge circuit of motor controller |
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| CN114290905A true CN114290905A (en) | 2022-04-08 |
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| CN202111674099.XA Pending CN114290905A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Active discharge circuit of motor controller |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116015039A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-04-25 | 蜂巢传动科技邳州有限公司 | Discharging circuit, motor controller and discharging method |
| CN116780879A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江奥思伟尔电动科技有限公司 | Active discharging circuit of high-voltage driving controller of electric automobile, controller and automobile |
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| CN101562398A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2009-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Input series connection push-pull forward converter |
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| CN208156170U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-27 | 大山科技有限公司 | A kind of initiative alarming circuit of bus power source |
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| CN101562398A (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2009-10-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Input series connection push-pull forward converter |
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