CN114287978A - Accurate channel establishing instrument for unilateral double-channel operation - Google Patents

Abstract

A single-side double-channel surgical channel accurate establishing instrument comprises a supporting structure fixedly arranged on a surgical bed or a practice platform, wherein the supporting structure comprises two parallel channel establishing structure setting rods; the supporting structure also comprises a plurality of supporting legs for supporting the setting rod; each setting rod is provided with a channel building structure; the passageway is established and is realized a body coupling through connection structure between the structure, and two passageways are established and all are set up sleeve pipe guide structure structurally, two sleeve pipe guide structure can be established structurally at the passageway and rotate angle of adjustment, and two sleeve pipe guide structure guide sleeve establish the operation passageway on same passageway establishment plane, the supporting leg bottom sets up the bayonet socket that can lock dead, bayonet socket bottom lock screw, every pole that sets up is divided into two parts, set up the outstanding pole on the first portion, set up the hole that stretches out that supplies the outstanding pole on the second portion, the outstanding pole is unanimous with stretching into the hole size. The scheme can avoid the situation of non-convergence in the process of establishing the channel in the operation process.

Description

Accurate channel establishing instrument for unilateral double-channel operation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an instrument for accurately establishing a unilateral dual-channel surgical channel.

Background

The UBE operation is a unilateral double-channel endoscope technology, which is a vertebral body operation, percutaneous observation and operation channels are respectively established through two small incisions on the posterior unilateral, an endoscope and other endoscope instruments for monitoring the operation visual field are placed in the observation channel, and operation tools are placed in the operation channel and used for the operation of the intraspinal surgery and the extraspinal surgery. Because of its good operation visual field, the operation is beginning to be popularized in clinic at present.

However, before an operation, cannulas with different calibers are required to enter obliquely at two incisions and converge subcutaneously to establish an effective operation space, but at present, most doctors perform the entering of cannulas with different calibers manually according to experience in 4, and one channel are required to be established during the operation, so that the entering angles of the two cannulas during the establishment are easy to deflect, the entering planes of the two channels are easy to intersect, and finally the intercommunicated channels with the operation space cannot be established, and once the phenomenon occurs, the adjustment is very difficult.

In addition, at present, clinicians mostly complete the learning of initial channel establishment through specific surgical exercises, the learning curve is long, the risk is high during surgery, and if instruments can assist the doctors to practice in a non-surgical state and find the instruments for establishing angle feeling of the channel in surgery, the learning curve of the doctors can be greatly reduced.

The prior art therefore lacks a channel-establishing device that can be used during surgery and that can assist a physician in exercising during a non-surgical state.

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an accurate establishing instrument for a unilateral dual-channel surgical channel.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides a single-side double-channel surgical channel accurate establishment instrument.

A single-side double-channel surgical channel accurate establishing instrument comprises a supporting structure fixedly arranged on a surgical bed or a practice platform, wherein the supporting structure comprises two parallel channel establishing structure setting rods; the supporting structure also comprises a plurality of supporting legs for supporting the setting rod; each setting rod is provided with a channel building structure; the channel building structures are connected integrally through the connecting structures, the two channel building structures are provided with the sleeve guide structures, the two sleeve guide structures can rotate on the channel building structures to adjust the angle, the two sleeve guide structures guide the sleeves to build the operation channel on the same channel building plane, and the two sleeve guide structures are arranged on the same channel building plane through the connecting structures. This arrangement secures the support structure to the operating bed or practice platform, since the two cannula guide structures on the access establishing structure are on the same access establishing plane, there is no concern that the access establishing plane will deviate due to angular deviation during access establishing, and the access cannot be established effectively.

Preferably, set up 4 supporting legs, preferably, the supporting leg sets up the pole edge and sets up pole body coupling, and two set up the pole and set up 4 supporting legs, and 4 are more stable with setting up of supporting leg.

Preferably, a supporting chassis with a larger area than the supporting legs is arranged at the bottoms of the supporting legs; the mass of the supporting chassis is larger than the sum of the mass of the supporting legs and the mass of the setting rod, and the supporting structure can be stably placed on an operating table or an exercise platform during use. Or the supporting structure is fixed at the edge of the operating table or the practice platform, and the bottom end of the supporting leg is provided with a bayonet capable of being locked.

Preferably, the bottom of the bayonet is provided with a threaded hole, and a locking screw is arranged in the threaded hole.

Preferably, each setting rod is divided into two parts, a protruding rod is arranged on the first part, an insertion hole for the protruding rod to extend out is arranged on the second part, and the size of the protruding rod is consistent with that of the insertion hole; the arrangement can ensure that after the first part or the second part is arranged, the part which is not arranged can quickly find a proper arrangement position.

Preferably, the diameter of the protruding rod is smaller than the diameter of the main body of the rod, which facilitates docking.

Preferably, the support legs correspondingly connected with the first parts of the two setting rods are integrally connected through the connecting cross rod. The arrangement can be used for conveniently and quickly arranging the supporting structure beside a bed or a practice platform.

Preferably, 1-2 locking screws are arranged on the buckles correspondingly connected with the first part, and 1-2 locking screws are arranged on the buckles correspondingly connected with the second part, so that the fixation can be well realized.

Preferably, the support legs may be provided as height-adjustable support legs to be height-adjusted according to the patient's fat-thin degree.

Preferably, the channel establishing structure is provided with a moving section with a moving hole, the diameter of the moving section is consistent with that of the setting rod; the channel building structure is sleeved on the setting rod through the moving hole, the first locking structure is arranged on the outer side of the moving section, and locking after the channel building structure reaches a proper position is achieved through the first locking structure.

Preferably, the locking structure is any structure capable of locking the movement of the moving section, and is preferably a locking screw.

Preferably, one side of the moving section extends out of the setting section of the guide structure; set up the rotatory hole that runs through on the section, stretch out the rotary rod on the sleeve pipe guide structure, the rotary rod stretches into in the rotary hole and stretches out through rotatory hole, and the first end of rotary rod is sleeve pipe guide structure, and the rotary rod second end sets up the locking rotary rod pivoted locking structure two.

Preferably, the locking structure II comprises a screw section at the second end of the rotating rod and a locking cap sleeved on the screw section, and locking can be well realized through the arrangement.

Or the second locking structure comprises a soft elastic cap which can extend into the rotating hole through the second end of the rotating rod, and the elastic cap is a cap body with gradually changed size. This arrangement provides more convenient access to the swivel holes.

Preferably, the cannula guiding structure comprises a setting seat connected with the rotating rod and a cylindrical tube with a cannula entering channel at the front end of the setting seat.

Preferably, a rotary dial is arranged on the setting section, a rotary pointer is arranged on the setting seat, and the symmetry axis of the rotary pointer is intersected with the central axis of the rotary rod; the circle center passing through the rotating dial is arranged on the central shaft of the rotating rod, and the arrangement ensures accurate reading of the rotating angle.

Preferably, the setting seat is provided with an extension section which extends out to extend the rotary pointer to the rotary scale; this arrangement ensures the accuracy of the readings.

Preferably, a rotation notch is provided at the setting section to ensure effective rotation of the extension section.

Preferably, the channel establishing structures on the two setting rods are the same, and the distance between the two setting sections is larger than the distance between the two channel establishing starting points on the skin. The arrangement can effectively avoid the interference to X-ray development irradiation imaging in the process of establishing the channel.

Preferably, a first transverse slot for realizing the movement of the rotating rod is arranged on the setting section, and the width of the first transverse slot is consistent with the diameter of the rotating rod, so that the distance between the two channel establishing structures is adjusted.

Preferably, a second transverse long hole for realizing the movement of the rotary dial is arranged above the setting section, a sleeving ring sleeved on the rotary rod extends out of the rotary dial, the sleeving ring is connected with the rotary dial through a connecting rod, the connecting rod and the sleeving ring are arranged through the second transverse long hole, and a rotation prevention structure for realizing the rotation of the rotary dial without rotating along with the rotary rod is arranged.

Preferably, the anti-rotation structure is a bottom edge string of the rotary dial, and the length of the bottom edge string is greater than that of the second transverse long hole. This way it is achieved that rotation with the rotary lever is prevented.

Or the anti-rotation structure is a square anti-rotation section extending out of the rotary dial, the length of the square anti-rotation section is equal to the thickness of the rotary dial, and the width of the square anti-rotation section is larger than that of the transverse slot II.

Preferably, the connecting structure is a two-section connecting structure arranged at the upper end of the moving section, and the two-section connecting structure is intersected on the central line of the setting rod; the direction of the connecting structure does not influence X-ray development irradiation imaging.

Preferably the plane in which the connection structure lies is perpendicular to the plane of the channel creation, this arrangement placing the interference.

Preferably, a cylindrical pipe with different sleeve inlet channels is arranged, and the use of sleeves with different diameters is realized by replacing the cylindrical pipe.

Or a sleeve gasket suitable for sleeves with different pipe diameters is arranged in the sleeve inlet channel, the inner diameter of the sleeve gasket is the same as that of the sleeves with different pipe diameters, and the outer diameter of the sleeve gasket is the same as that of the sleeve inlet channel.

Preferably, the length of the sleeve gasket is the same as the cylindrical tube.

Preferably, the upper end of the sleeve gasket is provided with an annular protrusion which is larger than the sleeve gasket in size, and the sleeve gasket is placed to be pulled out of the cylindrical pipe by the annular protrusion.

Preferably, the sleeve pad is a hard pad to accommodate angular misalignment during operation.

Preferably, the apparatus further comprises a back phantom secured to the practice platform for practice by the practitioner.

During the use, set up bearing structure earlier on operation bed or contact platform, the angle of back adjustment sleeve pipe guide structure, the dead angle of back locking is adjusted, in setting up the sleeve pipe pad of minimum internal diameter to sleeve pipe admission passage, change sleeve pipe pad from small to big in proper order and realize the use to different pipe diameter sheathed tubes.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the angle of the channel building structure is locked and adjustable, so that a doctor can search for feelings by adjusting different angles, continuously practice and find a learning curve of the doctor during the practice. In addition, the use difficulty can be reduced through the arrangement of the sleeve gasket, and the difficulty in replacing the whole channel to establish a structure is reduced. And because the setting of removal section can be as required with the passageway set up the structure setting in needs operation side, convenient adjustment. Through the arrangement of the setting rod which is divided into two parts, the setting difficulty of the scheme with the bayonet can be reduced. But also has simple integral structure, convenient use and repeated use,

drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention integrally installed on a bed body;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment with a bayonet according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a support leg and a setting bar of the present invention including one side;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a channel establishment structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a casing guide structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile section, the setting section and the connecting structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rotary dial of the present invention without the square anti-rotation segment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the rotary dial of the present invention with a square anti-rotation segment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure for establishing a side channel with a rotation notch according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the combination of the sleeve guide structure and the rotary dial according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of one side of the moving section and the setting section with the first transverse slot and the second transverse slot according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the sleeve gasket and the sleeve gasket in the cylindrical tube according to the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a rod is arranged; 11. a protruding rod; 12. an access hole; 2. supporting legs; 21. a bayonet; 22. locking the screw; 23. connecting the cross bars; 31. a moving section; 311. moving the hole; 312. a first locking structure; 32. setting a section; 321. rotating the hole; 322. rotating the notch; 333. a first transverse long hole; 334. a second transverse long hole; 4. a cannula guide structure; 41. rotating the rod; 42. locking the cap; 43. a cylindrical tube; 44. arranging a seat; 441. rotating the pointer; 442. an extension section; 5. rotating the dial; 51. a connecting rod; 52. a sleeving connection ring; 53. a square anti-rotation segment; 6. a connecting structure; 7. a sleeve gasket; 71. and the ring is protruded.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below by specific embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and the features in the following embodiments and embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A single-side double-channel surgical channel accurate establishing instrument is disclosed, and referring to fig. 1, the instrument comprises a support structure fixedly arranged on an operating bed or a practice platform, wherein the support structure comprises two parallel channel establishing structure setting rods 1; the supporting structure also comprises a plurality of supporting legs 2 for supporting the setting rod 1; each setting rod 1 is provided with a channel building structure; the channel building structures are integrally connected through the connecting structure 6, the two channel building structures are provided with the sleeve guide structures 4, the two sleeve guide structures 4 can be rotated on the channel building structures to adjust the angle, the two sleeve guide structures 4 guide the sleeves to build the operation channel on the same channel building plane, and the two sleeve guide structures 4 are arranged on the same channel building plane through the connecting structure 6. This arrangement secures the support structure to the operating bed or practice platform, since the two cannula guide structures 4 on the channel establishing structure are on the same channel establishing plane, it is possible to avoid the fear that the channel establishing channel plane will deviate due to angular deviation during the channel establishing process, and the channel cannot be established efficiently.

Example 2

On the basis of example 1, reference is made to FIGS. 1-3; carry out concrete setting to supporting leg 2 and the connected mode and the figure that set up pole 1, specifically do: supporting leg 2 sets up 1 edge of pole and sets up 1 body coupling of pole, and two set up that pole 1 sets up 4 supporting legs 2, and 4 are more stable with setting up of supporting leg 2.

The structure of the fixed supporting leg 2 is added, and one mode is as follows: the bottom of the supporting leg 2 is provided with a supporting chassis with larger area than the supporting leg 2; the mass of the supporting chassis is larger than the sum of the mass of the supporting leg 2 and the mass of the setting rod 1, and the supporting structure can be stably placed on an operating table or an exercise platform during use.

The second way is: the supporting structure is fixed at the edge of an operating table or an exercise platform, and the bottom end of the supporting leg 2 is provided with a bayonet 21 which can be locked. The bottom of the bayonet 21 is provided with a threaded hole in which a locking screw 22 is arranged.

Increase the embodiment of adjustment expenditure leg height, set up supporting leg 2 into height-adjustable's supporting leg 2 to carry out height control according to patient's fat thin degree.

Example 3

On the basis of the bayonet 21 scheme of the embodiment 2, the setting rod 1 is specifically set as follows: refer to fig. 3; each setting rod 1 is divided into two parts, a first part is provided with a protruding rod 11, a second part is provided with an extending hole 12 for extending the protruding rod 11, and the protruding rod 11 and the extending hole 12 are consistent in size; the arrangement can ensure that after the first part or the second part is arranged, the part which is not arranged can quickly find a proper arrangement position. The diameter of the projecting rod 11 is smaller than that of the main body of the setting rod 1, and the setting is more convenient for butt joint.

And the way of improving the operation simplicity is added: the supporting legs 2 connected along the first parts of the two setting rods 1 are integrally connected through a connecting cross rod 23. The arrangement can be used for conveniently and quickly arranging the supporting structure beside a bed or a practice platform.

On the basis of the scheme, the arrangement mode of the locking screws 22 is set, 1 or 2 locking screws 22 are arranged on the buckles correspondingly connected with the first part, 1 or 2 locking screws 22 are arranged on the buckles correspondingly connected with the second part, and the arrangement can be well realized and fixed.

Example 4

Setting a specific structure of the channel establishing structure, specifically: referring to fig. 4, the passage establishing structure includes a moving section 31 with a moving hole 311 in conformity with the diameter of the setting rod 1; the channel building structure is sleeved on the setting rod 1 through the moving hole 311, a first locking structure 312 is arranged outside the moving section 31, and locking after the channel building structure reaches a proper position is achieved through the first locking structure. The first deadlocking structure 312 is the deadlocking screw 22.

One side of the moving section 31 extends out of the setting section 32 of the guide structure; the setting section 32 is provided with a through rotating hole 321, the sleeve guiding structure 4 extends out of the rotating rod 41, the rotating rod 41 extends into the rotating hole 321 and extends out of the rotating hole 321, the first end of the rotating rod 41 is the sleeve guiding structure 4, and the second end of the rotating rod 41 is provided with a second locking structure for locking the rotating rod 41.

The first embodiment of the second deadlocking structure is as follows: refer to fig. 4, 6; the second locking structure comprises a screw section at the second end of the rotating rod 41 and a locking cap 42 sleeved on the screw section, and locking can be well realized through the arrangement.

The first embodiment of the second deadlocking structure is as follows: the second locking structure includes a soft elastic cap that can extend into the rotation hole 321 through the second end of the rotation rod 41, and the elastic cap is a cap body with gradually changed size. This arrangement provides more convenient access to the rotation hole 321.

The cannula guide 4 is embodied in the following manner: refer to fig. 5, 10; the cannula guide 4 comprises a setting base 44 connected to the rotary rod 41 and a cylindrical tube 43 with a cannula entry channel at the front end of the setting base 44.

The angle adjustment and reading of the cannula guiding structure 4 are realized by the following embodiments: refer to FIGS. 4-7; a rotary dial 5 is provided on the setting section 32, and a rotary pointer 441 is provided on the setting seat 44, the axis of symmetry of the rotary pointer 441 intersecting the central axis of the rotary rod 41; this arrangement ensures accurate reading of the rotation angle passing through the center of the rotary dial 5 on the center axis of the rotary rod 41.

An extension 442 may also be added where rotating pointer 441 abuts rotating dial 5; specifically, refer to fig. 9, 10; the setting base 44 is provided with an extension 442 extending to extend the rotary pointer 441 to the rotary dial 5. The rotation notch 322 for ensuring the effective rotation of the extension 442 is provided at the setting section 32.

A scheme for realizing the specific adjustment of the two sleeve guide structures 4 is further added, and specifically comprises the following steps: refer to fig. 11; a first transverse slot 333 for moving the rotary rod 41 is provided in the setting section 32, and the width of the first transverse slot 333 is identical to the diameter of the rotary rod 41, so that the distance between the two channel-establishing structures can be adjusted.

A second transverse long hole 334 for realizing the movement of the rotary dial 5 is arranged above the setting section 32, the rotary dial 5 extends out of the sleeving ring 52 sleeved on the rotary rod 41, the sleeving ring 52 is connected with the rotary dial 5 through a connecting rod 51, the connecting rod 51 and the sleeving ring 52 are both arranged through the second transverse long hole 334, and a rotation prevention structure for realizing the rotation of the rotary dial 5 along with the rotation of the rotary rod 41 is arranged.

One embodiment of the anti-rotation structure is as follows: refer to fig. 8, 10; and the bottom edge chord of the rotary dial 5 is longer than the second transverse long hole 334. This way, it is possible to achieve prevention of rotation with the rotating rod 41.

In another embodiment, the rotation-preventing structure is a square rotation-preventing section 53 protruding from the bottom of the rotary scale 5, and the length of the square rotation-preventing section 53, the thickness of the rotary scale 5 and the width of the square rotation-preventing section are greater than the width of the transverse slot 334, so that rotation prevention can be effectively achieved.

Example 5

Increase the setting mode that makes things convenient for X ray to shine, specifically do: facilitating the setting of vertical illumination, see fig. 4, 6; the channel establishment structures on the two setting rods 1 are the same, and the distance between the two setting sections 32 is larger than the distance between the two channel establishment starting points on the skin. The arrangement can effectively avoid the interference to X-ray development irradiation imaging in the process of establishing the channel.

The convenient side irradiation mode is: refer to fig. 4, 6; the connecting structure 6 is a two-section connecting structure arranged at the upper end of the moving section 31, and the two-section connecting structure is intersected on the central line of the setting rod 1; the direction of the connecting structure 6 does not influence X-ray development irradiation imaging. The plane in which the connection structure 6 is situated is perpendicular to the plane of the channel creation, which arrangement places the interference.

Example 6

Increase the scheme of changing different pipe diameter sleeve pipe convenient to use degree, a mode is: the cylindrical pipe 43 with different sleeve inlet channels is arranged, and the use of sleeves with different pipe diameters is realized by replacing the cylindrical pipe 43.

In a second manner, refer to fig. 12; the sleeve gasket 7 suitable for sleeves with different pipe diameters is arranged in the sleeve inlet channel, the inner diameter of the sleeve gasket 7 is the same as that of the sleeves with different pipe diameters, and the outer diameter of the sleeve gasket 7 is the same as that of the sleeve inlet channel. The length of the sleeve gasket 7 is the same as that of the cylindrical tube 43. An annular protrusion 71 having a size larger than that of the sleeve gasket 7 may be further provided at the upper end of the sleeve gasket 7, and the sleeve gasket 7 is placed to be released from the cylindrical pipe 43 by the provision of the annular protrusion 71. The sleeve gasket 7 is a hard gasket for accommodating angular deviation in the operation process.

Example 7

In order to ensure the continuous function of the apparatus, the apparatus is also arranged on a human back model fixed on the practice platform.

The above description of the embodiments is only for the understanding of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications could be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, which would also fall within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An accurate channel establishing instrument for a unilateral double-channel operation comprises a supporting structure fixedly arranged on an operating table or an exercise platform, and is characterized in that the supporting structure comprises two parallel setting rods of a channel establishing structure; the supporting structure also comprises a plurality of supporting legs for supporting the setting rod; each setting rod is provided with a channel building structure; the channel building structures are connected integrally through the connecting structures, the two channel building structures are provided with the sleeve guide structures, the two sleeve guide structures can rotate on the channel building structures to adjust the angle, the two sleeve guide structures guide the sleeves to build the operation channel on the same channel building plane, and the two sleeve guide structures are arranged on the same channel building plane through the connecting structures.

2. The apparatus for accurately establishing the channel of the unilateral dual channel surgery according to claim 1, wherein 4 supporting legs are provided, preferably, the edges of the setting rods of the supporting legs are integrally connected with the setting rods, and 4 supporting legs are provided for two setting rods.

3. The apparatus for accurately establishing the channel of the unilateral double-channel surgery according to claim 1, wherein a supporting chassis with a larger area than that of the supporting leg is arranged at the bottom of the supporting leg; the mass of the supporting chassis is greater than the sum of the masses of the supporting legs and the setting rods; or the supporting structure is fixed at the edge of the operating table or the practice platform, and the bottom end of the supporting leg is provided with a bayonet capable of being locked; preferably, the bottom of the bayonet is provided with a threaded hole, and a locking screw is arranged in the threaded hole.

4. The channel accurate establishing instrument for the unilateral channel surgery according to claim 3, wherein each setting rod is divided into two parts, a first part is provided with a protruding rod, a second part is provided with an extending hole for extending the protruding rod, and the protruding rod and the extending hole are consistent in size; preferably, the diameter of the protruding rod is smaller than the diameter of the setting rod body; preferably, the support legs correspondingly connected with the first parts of the two setting rods are integrally connected through the connecting cross rod.

5. The channel accurate establishing instrument for the unilateral dual-channel surgery according to claim 4, wherein 1-2 locking screws are arranged on the corresponding connected buckles of the first part, and 1-2 locking screws are arranged on the corresponding connected buckles of the second part.

6. The channel accurate establishing instrument for the unilateral two-channel surgery according to claim 4, wherein the channel establishing structure is provided with a moving section with a moving hole, the diameter of the moving section is consistent with that of the setting rod; the channel building structure is sleeved on the setting rod through the moving hole, and a first locking structure is arranged on the outer side of the moving section.

7. The channel accurate establishing instrument for the unilateral dual channel surgery according to claim 6, wherein one side of the moving section extends out of the setting section of the guide structure; the setting section is provided with a through rotating hole, the sleeve guiding structure extends out of the rotating rod, the rotating rod extends into the rotating hole and extends out of the rotating hole, the first end of the rotating rod is of a sleeve guiding structure, and the second end of the rotating rod is provided with a locking structure II for locking the rotating of the rotating rod; preferably, the locking structure II comprises a screw section at the second end of the rotating rod and a locking cap sleeved on the screw section; or the second locking structure comprises a soft elastic cap which can extend into the rotating hole through the second end of the rotating rod, and the elastic cap is a cap body with gradually changed size.

8. The channel establishing instrument for the unilateral channel surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cannula guiding structure comprises a setting seat connected with the rotating rod and a cylindrical tube with a cannula entering the channel at the front end of the setting seat.

9. The channel accurate establishing instrument for the unilateral two-channel surgery according to claim 7, wherein a rotary dial is arranged on the setting section, and a rotary pointer is arranged on the setting seat, and the symmetry axis of the rotary pointer intersects with the central axis of the rotary rod; the rotary scale is arranged on the central shaft of the rotary rod through the circle center of the rotary scale disc, and preferably, the setting seat is provided with an extension section which extends out to extend the rotary pointer to the rotary scale; the setting section is provided with a rotary notch for ensuring the effective rotation of the extension section.

10. The channel accurate establishing instrument for the unilateral dual-channel surgery according to claim 7, wherein a first transverse long hole for realizing the movement of the rotating rod is arranged on the setting section, and the width of the first transverse long hole is consistent with the diameter of the rotating rod; preferably, a second transverse long hole for realizing the movement of the rotary dial is arranged above the setting section, a sleeving ring sleeved on the rotary rod extends out of the rotary dial, the sleeving ring is connected with the rotary dial through a connecting rod, the connecting rod and the sleeving ring are arranged through the second transverse long hole, and a rotation prevention structure for realizing the rotation of the rotary dial without rotating along with the rotary rod is arranged.

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