CN114285381B - Dual-channel broadband linearizer based on common source structure - Google Patents
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- CN114285381B CN114285381B CN202111558651.9A CN202111558651A CN114285381B CN 114285381 B CN114285381 B CN 114285381B CN 202111558651 A CN202111558651 A CN 202111558651A CN 114285381 B CN114285381 B CN 114285381B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave millimeter wave circuits, and particularly provides a dual-path broadband linearizer based on a common source structure, which is used for solving the problems of poor adjustability, narrow bandwidth and non-adjustable working state of the existing analog predistorter. The invention adopts the triode of the common source connection method to form a predistortion signal generator, and adjusts the grid voltage of the triode through the linearization circuit control module so that the triode works in the pinch-off area; when the input is a small signal, the predistortion signal generator is in an inactive state, and the input signal only passes through the linear branch of the attenuator and the phase shifter; when the input signal is a large signal, the triode is conducted, the predistortion signal generator is in a working state and generates a predistortion signal, and the predistortion signal is input to the output coupler and is output after being synthesized with the linear signal of the linear branch; based on the method, the invention widens the bandwidth and has the advantages of low insertion loss, wider application bandwidth and obvious linearization improvement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave and millimeter wave circuits, and particularly provides a dual-path broadband linearizer based on a common source structure, which is applied to the technical field of millimeter wave power amplifier linearization.
Background
Modern communication systems have higher requirements on the efficiency and linearity of the power amplifier to accommodate the signal amplification requirements of modern communications; in a communication system, the nonlinearity and efficiency of a power amplifier are the main concerns of the system, and when the amplifier works in a nonlinear state, larger adjacent channel interference can be generated, so that the utilization rate of the communication system to a frequency spectrum is not high; meanwhile, the output signal also contains a larger distortion component, which affects the normal communication quality. In order to achieve better spectral utilization and higher power efficiency, linearization of the power amplifier is required.
At present, various linearization techniques have been widely used, among which feedforward, negative feedback and predistortion techniques are dominant; the former two technologies still have limitations in millimeter wave frequency bands, delay is often caused by inconsistent parasitic parameters, so that the amplitude and phase are difficult to keep consistent, the nonlinear elimination precision between main and auxiliary paths is difficult to control, and the additional analog signal processing unit causes the problems of complex structure, high power consumption, limited linearization bandwidth and the like; the predistortion technique is divided into digital predistortion and analog predistortion, most commonly digital predistortion applied in sub-6 frequency bands, but digital predistortion is difficult to realize in high frequency bands, especially K frequency bands and above, and the application bandwidth is also low.
The analog predistortion technology is to generate an output signal opposite to the characteristic curve of the amplifier by using an analog device, so as to cancel the distortion of the amplifier to realize the linearization effect. The predistortion method is a linearization method with low cost and moderate requirements, and has the characteristics of low power consumption and simple circuit compared with a feedforward amplifier; since it is an open loop structure itself, it can provide a wider bandwidth than the feedback amplifier. The conventional analog predistorter uses a diode as an analog device for generating a predistortion signal and a cold-mode triode as a predistortion signal generating device, but basically has the problems of low improvement of linearity performance, narrow frequency band, large insertion loss, difficult adjustment and the like, and the conventional analog predistorter is in an operating state no matter a target amplifier is operated in a small signal state or a large signal state, so that the predistortion signal is input when the predistortion signal is not needed by the amplifier.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a double-path broadband linearizer based on a common source structure, which is used for solving the problems of poor adjustability, narrow bandwidth and non-adjustable working state of the traditional analog predistorter; in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dual-path wideband linearizer based on a common source architecture, comprising: the device comprises an input 90-degree coupler, a linearization circuit control module, a predistortion signal generator, a phase shifter, an attenuator and an output 90-degree coupler; the input signal is divided into two paths of signals at the input 90-degree coupler, one path of signals are sequentially transmitted to the output 90-degree coupler through the attenuator and the phase shifter, the other path of signals are input to the predistortion signal generator, the predistortion signal generated by the predistortion signal generator is input to the output 90-degree coupler, the output 90-degree coupler synthesizes and outputs the two paths of signals, and the linearization circuit control module respectively provides control voltages for the predistortion signal generator, the electric phase shifter and the electric phase attenuator; the predistortion signal generator comprises a triode, a signal input to the grid of the triode, a drain output signal of the triode, a grounded source of the triode, and a control voltage V GG Connected to the gate of the transistor, supply voltage V DD Is connected to the drain of the transistor.
Further, in the predistortion signal generator, the triode adopts a common source connection method and is controlled by a voltage V GG The control works in the pinch-off region.
Further, in the predistortion signal generator, a signal is input to the gate of the triode through a first blocking capacitor, a drain output signal of the triode is output through a second blocking capacitor, the source of the triode is grounded, and the voltage V is controlled GG Connected to the gate of the triode through a first inductor, the supply voltage V DD And the second inductor is connected to the drain electrode of the triode.
Further, the input end of the input 90 DEG coupler is used as the input end of a device, the through end is connected with the input end of the electric tuning attenuator, the coupling end is connected with the input end of the predistortion signal generator, the isolation end is grounded,the output end of the electric tuning attenuator is connected with the input end of the electric tuning phase shifter, the output end of the electric tuning phase shifter is connected with the through end of the output 90-degree coupler, the output end of the predistortion signal generator is connected with the coupling end of the output 90-degree coupler, and the isolation end of the output 90-degree coupler is grounded and the input end is used as the output end of the device; the linearization circuit control module is respectively connected with the predistortion signal generator, the electric modulation phase shifter and the electric modulation attenuator and is used for providing a control voltage V for the predistortion signal generator GG The method comprises the steps of providing a control voltage to the electrically tunable phase shifter to control the phase shift bit number, and providing a control voltage to the electrically tunable attenuator to control the attenuation bit number.
Further, the distribution ratio of the input 90 DEG coupler is 1:1.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a double-path broadband linearizer based on a common source structure, which adopts a triode with a common source connection method to form a predistortion signal generator, and adjusts the grid voltage of the triode through a linearization circuit control module so that the triode works in a pinch-off region; based on this, when the input is a small signal, the signal amplitude is insufficient to turn on the triode, and the predistortion signal generator is in an inactive state, and the input signal reaches the output coupler only through the linear branch of the attenuator and the phase shifter; when the input signal is a large signal, the triode is conducted by the amplitude of the input signal, and the predistortion signal generator is in a working state to generate a predistortion signal, and the predistortion signal is input to the output coupler and is synthesized with the linear signal of the linear branch to form one output; meanwhile, the linearization circuit control module is used for controlling the phase shift bit number of the phase shifter and the attenuation bit number of the attenuator so as to maximize the efficiency of synthesizing two paths of signals, thereby improving port standing waves, improving the linearity improvement degree, reducing the insertion loss and expanding the bandwidth; in addition, the amplitude of the triode gate voltage is regulated by the linearization circuit control module, so that the size of an input signal required for enabling the predistortion signal generator to start working can be changed, and different requirements can be met.
In conclusion, compared with the prior art, the invention widens the bandwidth, has the advantages of low insertion loss, wider application bandwidth and obvious linearization improvement, can also be matched with the amplifier of the final stage to automatically adjust the working state, and has wide application prospect in the future.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a dual-path broadband linearizer based on a common source structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a predistortion signal generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) is a graph of gain expansion and phase compression results at 12GHz for a linearizer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (b) is a graph of gain expansion and phase compression results at 15GHz for a linearizer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (c) is a graph of gain expansion and phase compression results at 18GHz for a linearizer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 (d) is a graph showing gain expansion and phase compression results when VGG is 0V at 15GHz in the linear polarizer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 (e) is a graph showing gain expansion and phase compression results when VGG is-0.5V at 15GHz for a linearizer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 (f) is a graph showing gain expansion and phase compression results when VGG is-1V at 15GHz in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The embodiment provides a dual-path broadband linearizer based on a common source structure, the specific structure is shown in fig. 1, and the dual-path broadband linearizer comprises: the device comprises an input 90-degree coupler, a linearization circuit control module, a predistortion signal generator, an electrically-controlled phase shifter, an electrically-controlled attenuator and an output 90-degree coupler; wherein,
the input end of the input 90 DEG coupler is used as the input end of a device (connected with an input signal), the through end is connected with the input end of an electric tuning attenuator, the coupling end is connected with the input end of a predistortion signal generator, the isolation end is grounded (the isolation end plays the role of isolating signals), the output end of the electric tuning attenuator is connected with the input end of an electric tuning phase shifter, and the output end of the electric tuning attenuator is connected with the output end of the electric tuning phase shifterThe output end of the electric phase shifter is connected with the through end of the output 90-degree coupler, the output end of the predistortion signal generator is connected with the coupling end of the output 90-degree coupler, and the isolation end of the output 90-degree coupler is grounded and the input end is used as the device output end (output signal); the linearization circuit control module is respectively connected with the predistortion signal generator, the electric modulation phase shifter and the electric modulation attenuator and is used for providing a control voltage V for the predistortion signal generator GG Controlling the gate voltage during the FET to adjust the magnitude of the linearization signal generation, providing a control voltage to the electrically tunable phase shifter to control the number of bits phase shifted, and providing a control voltage to the electrically tunable attenuator to control the number of bits attenuated; the linearization circuit control module provides power supply voltages for the predistortion signal generator, the electric modulation phase shifter and the electric modulation attenuator;
the predistortion signal generator comprises a triode which adopts a common source connection method and is biased in a pinch-off region and is equivalent to a C-type amplifier, as shown in figure 2, an input signal is input to the grid electrode of the triode through a first blocking capacitor, a drain electrode output signal of the triode is output through a second blocking capacitor, the source electrode of the triode is grounded, and the voltage V is controlled GG Connected to the gate of the triode through a first inductor, the supply voltage V DD And the second inductor is connected to the drain electrode of the triode.
An input signal input to the linearizer is equally divided into two paths of signals at the input of the 90-degree coupler, wherein one path is a linear branch: the other signal is a nonlinear branch circuit which is transmitted to an output 90-degree coupler through an attenuator and a phase shifter: the predistortion signal generator receives signals from the input 90-degree coupler and then generates predistortion signals, the predistortion signals are input to the output 90-degree coupler, the predistortion signals are used for counteracting nonlinearity of the power amplifier, the output 90-degree coupler synthesizes output signals of the linear branch and the nonlinear branch and outputs the output signals, and predistortion linearization signals are obtained and transmitted to the amplifier of the final stage. When the input signal power is smaller, the magnitude of the signal amplitude and the bias voltage are insufficient to enable the transistor (triode) to be conducted, so that the small signal only passes through the linear branch; when the input signal is gradually increased, the magnitude of the signal amplitude and the bias voltage are increased to turn on the transistor, and the transistor (triode) device starts to work; on the one hand, the FET device is a C-type amplifier by adopting a common source connection method, so that the gain of the whole linearizer circuit is increased; on the other hand, since the input signal of the FET device is generally a periodic signal, only a part of the time is on in one period, and thus the output signal is incomplete, i.e., a distorted signal is generated, and thus the output signal is a predistortion signal required by the present invention, and the output signal contains a third-order intermodulation signal opposite to the target power amplifier. In addition, the power level of the input signal of the predistorter which starts to work can be changed by adjusting the grid voltage, and the compensation signal can be more gentle or sharp.
In order to verify the effect of the invention, the embodiment designs a linearization device of Ku frequency band (12 GHz-18 GHz) by using software ADS simulation software, and simulates each frequency point and each grid voltage to obtain the results shown in figures 3 (a) to 3 (f), wherein figures (a), (b) and (c) are simulation results when the grid control voltage at the positions of 12GHz, 15GHz and 18GHz is 0V respectively, and figures (d) and (e) and (f) are simulation results when the grid control voltage at the position of 15GHz is 0V, -0.5V and-1V respectively; as can be seen from the graph, the linearizer of the embodiment has a gain expansion of about 3dB and a phase compression of about 15 degrees within a bandwidth of 12-18 GHz (the relative bandwidth reaches 40 percent); and, at three gate voltages of 0, -0.5, -1V, as the gate voltage decreases, the input signal power at which the linearizer starts to operate gradually increases from 0dBm to 15dBm, and the curve becomes steeper and steeper, i.e., the input signal level at which the linearizer starts to operate can be adjusted by changing the gate voltage.
In summary, the invention can improve the bandwidth of 6GHz, the relative bandwidth reaches 40%, and the bandwidth of application is obviously expanded.
While the invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the features disclosed, or all of the steps in a method or process, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined in any manner.
Claims (2)
1. A dual-path wideband linearizer based on a common source architecture, comprising: the device comprises an input 90-degree coupler, a linearization circuit control module, a predistortion signal generator, a phase shifter, an attenuator and an output 90-degree coupler; the input signal is divided into two paths of signals at the input 90-degree coupler, one path of signals are sequentially transmitted to the output 90-degree coupler through the attenuator and the phase shifter, the other path of signals are input to the predistortion signal generator, the predistortion signal generated by the predistortion signal generator is input to the output 90-degree coupler, the output 90-degree coupler synthesizes and outputs the two paths of signals, and the linearization circuit control module respectively provides control voltages for the predistortion signal generator, the electric phase shifter and the electric phase attenuator; the predistortion signal generator comprises a triode, a signal input to the grid of the triode, a drain output signal of the triode, a grounded source of the triode, and a control voltage V GG Connected to the gate of the transistor, supply voltage V DD A drain connected to the transistor;
in the predistortion signal generator, the triode adopts a common source connection method and is controlled by a voltage V GG Controlling the work in the pinch-off area;
in the predistortion signal generator, a signal is input to the grid electrode of a triode through a first blocking capacitor, a drain electrode output signal of the triode is output through a second blocking capacitor, the source electrode of the triode is grounded, and the voltage V is controlled GG Connected to the gate of the triode through a first inductor, the supply voltage V DD The second inductor is connected to the drain electrode of the triode;
the input end of the input 90 DEG coupler is used as the input end of a device, the through end is connected with the input end of the electric tuning attenuator, the coupling end is connected with the input end of the predistortion signal generator, the isolation end is grounded, the output end of the electric tuning attenuator is connected with the input end of the electric tuning phase shifter, the output end of the electric tuning phase shifter is connected with the through end of the output 90 DEG coupler, the output end of the predistortion signal generator is connected with the coupling end of the output 90 DEG coupler, and the isolation end of the output 90 DEG coupler is grounded, and the input end is used as a deviceA piece output end; the linearization circuit control module is respectively connected with the predistortion signal generator, the electric modulation phase shifter and the electric modulation attenuator and is used for providing a control voltage V for the predistortion signal generator GG The method comprises the steps of providing a control voltage to the electrically tunable phase shifter to control the phase shift bit number, and providing a control voltage to the electrically tunable attenuator to control the attenuation bit number.
2. The dual broadband linearizer based on a common source architecture of claim 1, wherein the split ratio of the input 90 ° coupler is 1:1.
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