CN114284745B - Optical machine structural type frequency selective surface - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical-mechanical structural type frequency selection surface which is applied to the fields of filters and wave absorbing materials and aims at solving the problems of large volume, high cost, low reliability and limited application range of the existing surface selection device; the surface of the invention is a two-dimensional array formed by periodically arranging a plurality of unit structures, the unit structures in the two-dimensional array comprise a first medium layer and a second medium layer which are symmetrically arranged, the first medium layer and the second medium layer are connected through a fixed anchor point support column, metal split resonant rings are printed on the respective outer surfaces of the first medium layer and the second medium layer, and the two metal split resonant rings are vertically symmetrical; and the first medium layer and the second medium layer are made of deformable materials, so that the thickness of a hollow layer between the first medium layer and the second medium layer is changed under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves, and the reconfigurable function of frequency response characteristics is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of filters and wave-absorbing materials, and particularly relates to a reconfigurable tuning type frequency response technology.
Background
The frequency selective surface is constituted by a number of periodic cell structures having distinct bandpass or bandstop characteristics, also known as spatial filters of electromagnetic waves, in terms of processing incident electromagnetic waves having different electromagnetic characteristics (frequency, polarization and angle of incidence). The classical frequency selective surface unit structure comprises a patch type and a slot type, wherein the patch type is formed by labeling the same metal resonant ring on a dielectric layer and is generally used as a band-stop filter; the slot type is a type of slot which is formed by periodically opening slots of a number of metal units in a metal plate and is generally used as a band-pass type frequency selective surface from the viewpoint of frequency characteristic response. By reasonably designing the cell structure of the frequency selective surface, electromagnetic frequency response at the target operating frequency can be achieved. However, the functional curing cannot be changed after the traditional frequency selective surface design is molded, and the electromagnetic regulation has no reconfigurable characteristic, so that the application field is greatly limited. In recent years, researchers have sequentially proposed a reconfigurable function of dynamically adjusting the electromagnetic response characteristics of a frequency selective surface in real time as needed by adjusting the unit structure in an electric, magnetic, optical, mechanical or other manner. Although the above-mentioned frequency selective surface can realize a reconfigurable device, if the unit structure of each frequency selective surface is to be independently controlled to control the wave front of electromagnetic waves, a large-scale and complex active device control circuit is required, so that the frequency selective surface device has large volume, high cost, low reliability and limited application range.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an optical machine structural type frequency selection surface which can realize the function of tunable spatial filtering under the excitation of electromagnetic waves with different intensities.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides an optical machine structural formula frequency selective surface, this surface is the two-dimensional array that comprises a plurality of unit structure periodic arrangement, the unit structure in the two-dimensional array is including being symmetrical first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer that sets up, and first dielectric layer is connected through fixed anchor point support column with the second dielectric layer, has printed the metal split resonance ring on the surface respectively of first dielectric layer and second dielectric layer, two metal split resonance rings bilateral symmetry.
The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are made of deformable dielectric materials.
A hollow layer is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.
The first medium layer and the second medium layer further comprise support arm structures extending towards the hollow layer and are connected with the fixed anchor point support columns through respective support arms.
Initially, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are in the same horizontal plane as the respective support arms.
The distance between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is determined according to the intensity of the incident electromagnetic wave.
The calculation formula of the electromagnetic induction ampere force generated by the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is as follows:
wherein ,
represents the induced electromotive force on the metal resonant ring, B and H 0 Representing the magnetic field and magnetic induction intensity generated by the resonant ring, r 0 Represents the center radius, mu, of the metal resonant ring 0 Represents vacuum permeability omega 0 Representing the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave, +.>
Representing current element->
Position vector to a certain point, F 1 The electromagnetic induction force between the resonant rings is shown, electromagnetic waves with certain specific power are incident, the induced current on the upper and lower mirror symmetry metal resonant rings generates a magnetic field, and finally the upper and lower mirror symmetry metal resonant rings generate mutually attractive ampere force.
The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer deform under the drive of ampere force, the metal resonant ring printed on the dielectric layer and the dielectric layer form a mechanical vibration structure, and an elasticity calculation formula generated by the structural deformation is as follows:
F 2 ＝k eff ×x＝m eff ×Ω eff 2 ×x
wherein ,F2 For the elastic force, k, of the mechanical vibrating structure eff Is equivalent to the elastic coefficient of a mechanical vibration structure, m eff The effective mass of the mechanical vibration structure comprises the mass of the dielectric layer and the metal resonant ring, and omega eff The effective mechanical vibration frequency of the mechanical vibration structure is given, and x is the deformation generated by the mechanical vibration structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the optical-mechanical structural frequency selective surface designed by the invention generates the same-direction induced current between the metal split resonant rings under the excitation of the incident electromagnetic waves with different intensities so as to generate the electromagnetic induction force which is mutually attracted, the deformable medium supporting arm at the fixed anchor point enables the mechanical vibration structure formed by the deformable medium layer and the metal split resonant rings to deform, the resonance state of the unit structure is changed, and the electromagnetic frequency response characteristic is changed, so that the tunable filtering is realized; the frequency selective surface of the invention takes the intensity of the incident electromagnetic wave as a variable to regulate and control the frequency selective surface, and compared with an active device, the frequency selective surface has simpler reconfigurable function; the design of the invention is based on the electromagnetic wave-mechanical energy coupling mechanism for analysis, provides a new thought for realizing a reconfigurable frequency selective surface, and regulates and controls the electromagnetic response characteristic by changing the light intensity more quickly and flexibly, and has lower cost and easy preparation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of induced current on a metallic split ring resonator on an optomechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the transmission characteristic curve and the reflection characteristic curve of the ground state (the thickness of the hollow layer is 1 mm) of the frequency selective surface unit structure and the frequency change of the reflection characteristic curve under the condition that the incident electromagnetic wave is polarized in the y direction;
wherein, (a) is the induced current of the upper surface metal split ring resonator and (b) is the induced current of the lower surface metal split ring resonator;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the transmission characteristic S of the optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface provided by the invention when the thickness of the hollow layer is 0.1mm, 0.5mm and 1mm 21 A change relation with frequency;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between electromagnetic induction force and elastic force of the optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves with different intensities;
FIG. 6 is a mechanical frequency of a mechanically oscillating structure of an opto-mechanical structural frequency selective surface unit structure provided by the present invention at a particular support arm size;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the mechanical frequencies of the mechanical vibration structure of the opto-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure and the dimensions of different support arms provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical-mechanical structural type frequency selective surface composed of 10×10 unit structures provided by the invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the drawings in order to facilitate understanding of technical contents of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides an optical machine structural formula frequency selective surface unit structure specifically includes first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer that is the symmetry setting, and first dielectric layer is connected through fixed anchor point support column with the second dielectric layer, has printed the metal split resonance ring on the surface of each of first dielectric layer and second dielectric layer, two metal split resonance rings bilateral symmetry.
The first medium layer and the second medium layer extend out of the support arm structures with the width of 0.2mm and the length of 0.8mm, and the symmetrical first medium layer and second medium layer are connected with the fixed anchor point support through the support arm structures respectively, and an air gap with a certain thickness is formed in the middle to serve as a hollow layer.
The upper and lower metal split resonant rings are made of copper, the thickness is 0.035mm, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are made of deformable dielectric materials, and in the embodiment, a flexible circuit board material FPC is specifically adopted, and the thickness is 0.045mm. In the embodiment, the unit structure period is 4mm, the metal split resonant ring period is 3mm, the opening angle they is 30 degrees, the outer diameter of the metal split resonant ring is 1.4mm, the inner diameter is 1mm, the center radius r is 1.2mm, the resonant ring width n is 0.4mm, the support arm width is 0.2mm, and the length is 0.8mm.
By changing the thickness of the hollow layer, the resonance state of the unit structure is regulated, the electromagnetic frequency response characteristic of the unit structure is equivalently regulated, and the amplitude and the phase of the transmitted electromagnetic wave are changed. The length of the designed supporting arm is 0.8mm, the width of the designed supporting arm is 0.2mm, the designed supporting arm is fixed on the anchor point supporting column, and under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves with different intensities, the supporting arm enables the dielectric layer to deform with different degrees, and the dielectric layer is equivalent to a hollow layer with different thickness, so that the dynamic tuning of the electromagnetic characteristic response of the frequency selection surface is realized. The size of the supporting arm influences the deformation size which can be generated by the unit structure under the irradiation of the incident electromagnetic wave, wherein the longer and the narrower the supporting arm are, the smaller the k value of the elastic coefficient of the mechanical vibration structure is, and the unit structure can jump to different stable states from the ground state according to ampere force and elastic force analysis, so that the tunable filter characteristic which can be realized by the unit structure is further influenced.
The thickness of the initial hollow layer is 1mm, and the frequency response characteristic of the unit structure is about 23.9 GHz; when the thickness of the equivalent hollow layer is 0.5mm, the frequency response characteristic of the unit structure is about 23.57 GHz; when the equivalent hollow layer thickness is 0.1mm, the frequency response characteristic of the unit structure is about 23.25 GHz. The two-dimensional periodic array optomechanical structure type frequency selective surface is formed according to a 10 multiplied by 10 unit structure.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical-mechanical structural frequency selective surface unit structure, in which fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a unit structure, upper and lower metal split resonant rings, a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer are kept symmetrical, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are printed with metal split resonant rings, and the metal split resonant rings are fixed on a support column through a support arm, so that an air gap with a certain thickness is filled between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer, the unit structure is a typical optical-mechanical structural unit structure, the metal split resonant rings generate strong electromagnetic resonance effect under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves with a certain intensity, the upper and lower split resonant rings generate same-direction induced currents and generate mutually attractive electromagnetic induction forces, the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are mutually close under the action of the mutual attractive electromagnetic induction, the unit structure generates deformation, the equivalent hollow layer thickness is changed, and the deformation of the unit structure depends on the intensity characteristics of the incident electromagnetic waves; the deformed unit reaches a new steady state (electromagnetic resonance state), namely the reconfigurable characteristic of electromagnetic response characteristic is realized. The fixed support points in fig. 1 are used for placement of support posts.
Referring to fig. 2, according to the optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure, when the thickness of a hollow layer is 1mm, the relation between a transmission characteristic curve and a reflection characteristic (namely, the ordinate transmission & reflection in fig. 2) curve and frequency is changed, the resonance state frequency response of the hollow layer thickness regulating unit structure is modified, the unit structure of the hollow layer with the thickness of 1mm is simulated by utilizing finite element electromagnetic simulation software Ansys HFSS, the upper surface of the unit structure is stimulated by applying y polarization direction Floque, and the periphery is set to be master-slave boundary conditions, wherein obvious filtering characteristics at about 23.9GHz can be seen.
Referring to fig. 3, in the optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure of the present invention, when the thickness of a hollow layer is 1mm, induced currents on upper and lower metal resonance rings are excited by electromagnetic waves, fig. 3 (a) is an induced current of an upper surface metal split resonance ring, fig. 3 (b) is an induced current of a lower surface metal split resonance ring, and both the induced currents of the upper and lower resonance rings are in the anticlockwise direction.
Referring to fig. 4, an optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure of the present invention has electromagnetic response characteristic curves under hollow air gaps of different sizes. Under the excitation of incident electromagnetic waves with different intensities, the electromagnetic induction force which is mutually attracted between the split resonant rings causes the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer to deform, the resonance state jumps from an initial ground state (the thickness of an air gap layer is 1 mm) to another steady-state point, the excitation of the incident waves with different intensities under the specific support arm size causes the deformation with different magnitudes, and when the ground state, namely the air gap is 1mm, the S of the unit structure 21 The characteristic curve shows that a significant filter characteristic appears around 23.9 GHz; at an equivalent air gap of 0.5mm, the transmission characteristic curve shows that a significant filter characteristic appears near 23.57 GHz; when the equivalent air gap is 0.26mm, the resonance point of the transmission characteristic curve shifts to 23.25GHz, the filtering characteristic is realized near 23.25GHz, and the transmission type unit structure realizes a point resistance filter with smaller stop band range. The equivalent air gap is understood here to be the air gap after deformation of the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.
Referring to fig. 5, the relation between electromagnetic induction force and elastic force of the optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface unit structure is that the elastic coefficient of the mechanical vibration structure is k, under the excitation of the incident electromagnetic waves with different intensities, the upper and lower mirror-symmetrical resonant rings and the dielectric layer are driven by the electromagnetic induction force with different magnitudes to generate deformation with different magnitudes, when the magnetic field intensity is 1A/m, the initial ground state, namely the air gap, is 1mm, the symmetrical air gap is 0.5mm, and when the magnetic field intensity is loaded to 30A/m and 50A/m, the equivalent air gap respectively reaches about 0.25mm and 0.13mm, and at the moment, the frequency selective surface unit structure realizes different electromagnetic response characteristics, namely the tunable filtering performance can be realized.
Referring to FIG. 6, the mechanical vibration frequency of the optical-mechanical structural frequency selective surface unit structure under a certain size supporting arm is simulated by utilizing the comsol multi-physical-field simulation software, wherein a dielectric layer and an open resonance ring of the unit structure are used as an integral mechanical vibration structure, and the mechanical vibration formula k is used as a reference eff ＝m eff ×Ω eff 2 The elastic modulus of the mechanical vibrating structure was calculated, and when the support arm shown in FIG. 6 was 0.8mm long and 0.2mm wide, the elastic modulus of the vibrating structure was calculated to be 2.6N/m.
Referring to fig. 7, the relation between the eigenfrequency of the single mechanical vibration structure of the optical-mechanical structure type frequency selection surface and the length (i.e. the abscissa length in fig. 7) and the width of the supporting arm is shown, wherein the longer the supporting arm is, the narrower the supporting arm is, the eigenfrequency of the mechanical vibration structure is about small, the smaller the value of the elastic coefficient k calculated according to a theoretical formula is, and the deformation generated by the mechanical vibration of the structure of the ampere force and the elastic force analysis unit is different, so that the tunable filtering is finally completed.
Referring to fig. 8, the two-dimensional array of the optical-mechanical structural frequency selective surface of the invention respectively comprises 10×10 unit structures in two axial directions, an initial ground state air gap is 1mm, and the intensity of an incident electromagnetic wave is regulated to regulate the size of an equivalent air gap, so that the reconfigurable characteristic of electromagnetic characteristic response is realized.
The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention provide an optical-mechanical structure type frequency selective surface that is a space filter technology that achieves simple, low-cost, and rapid response nonlinear characteristics using electromagnetic wave energy-structural potential energy coupling. It should be noted that: the present invention can be modified and color-modified appropriately by those skilled in the art on the basis of the principle of the present invention. Any modification, substitution, etc. of the present invention within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The optical machine structural type frequency selection surface is characterized in that the surface is a two-dimensional array formed by periodically arranging a plurality of unit structures, the unit structures in the two-dimensional array comprise a first medium layer and a second medium layer which are symmetrically arranged, the first medium layer is connected with the second medium layer through a fixed anchor support column, metal open resonance rings are printed on the outer surfaces of the first medium layer and the second medium layer respectively, and the two metal open resonance rings are vertically symmetrical;
the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are made of deformable dielectric materials;
a hollow layer is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer;
the first medium layer and the second medium layer further comprise support arm structures extending towards the hollow layer and are connected with the fixed anchor point support columns through respective support arms.
2. An optomechanical structured frequency selective surface of claim 1 wherein initially the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer are in the same horizontal plane as the respective support arms.
3. An optomechanical structured frequency selective surface of claim 2 wherein the distance between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is determined based on the intensity of the incident electromagnetic wave.
4. An optomechanical structured frequency selective surface of claim 3 wherein the electromagnetic induction amperometric calculation formula generated by the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is:
wherein ,
represents the induced electromotive force on the metal resonant ring, B and H 0 Representing the magnetic field and magnetic induction intensity generated by the resonant ring, r 0 Represents the center radius, mu, of the metal resonant ring 0 Represents vacuum permeability omega 0 Representing the frequency of the incident electromagnetic wave, +.>
Representing current element->
Position vector to a certain point, F 1 The electromagnetic induction force between the resonant rings is shown, electromagnetic waves with certain specific power are incident, the induced current on the upper and lower mirror symmetry metal resonant rings generates a magnetic field, and finally the upper and lower mirror symmetry metal resonant rings generate mutually attractive ampere force.
5. The optical-mechanical structural type frequency selective surface according to claim 4, wherein the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer deform under the driving of ampere force, the metal resonant ring printed on the dielectric layer and the dielectric layer form a mechanical vibration structure, and the elasticity calculation formula generated by the structural deformation is as follows:
F 2 ＝k eff ×x＝m eff ×Ω eff 2 ×x
wherein ,F2 For the elastic force, k, of the mechanical vibrating structure eff Is equivalent to the elastic coefficient of a mechanical vibration structure, m eff The effective mass of the mechanical vibration structure comprises the mass of the dielectric layer and the metal resonant ring, and omega eff The effective mechanical vibration frequency of the mechanical vibration structure is given, and x is the deformation generated by the mechanical vibration structure.
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