CN114284649A - Winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery and production process thereof - Google Patents
Winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery and a production process thereof, wherein the production process comprises the following steps: rolling the diaphragm, the positive plate, the diaphragm and the negative plate into a roll core, wherein two ends of the roll core are provided with blank areas, and uniformly spraying solid powder which can be converted into gas phase on the surface of the inner-layer plate in the winding process; kneading and flattening the white areas; kneading the flat area and welding the busbar; sequentially baking under negative pressure, wrapping by an insulating film and putting into a shell; welding the negative electrode bus bar of the coiled core after the core is placed into the shell with a negative electrode cover plate, welding the negative electrode cover plate with the shell in a sealing way, welding the positive electrode bus bar with the shell, and welding the positive electrode cover plate with the shell to obtain a sealed battery; and after the packaging, the battery is sequentially injected, formed, aged and subjected to capacity grading to obtain the lithium ion battery. According to the production process, the pre-buried solid particles are introduced in the winding process, and are removed after the winding and the sizing, so that expansion spaces can be reserved between the positive and negative pole pieces in the winding core, the internal stress release of the pole pieces is facilitated, the infiltration of electrolyte is facilitated, and the liquid retaining capacity of the pole pieces and the diaphragm is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery and a production process thereof.
Background
The lithium battery has unique advantages and can be widely applied to the field of new energy, and the lithium battery can be divided into a square lithium battery, a soft package lithium battery and a cylindrical lithium battery in appearance. The cylindrical lithium battery is a battery which is earlier in application, and is mature in technology, high in production efficiency, good in product consistency and wide in application range, so that the cylindrical lithium battery is particularly applied to the fields of electric two-wheeled vehicles, mobile power supplies, portable energy storage, electric tools, light vehicles and the like; however, the PACK structure is complex due to the small capacity of the cylindrical battery, and the energy density of the PACK product is low, so that the volume of the cylindrical battery for the new energy automobile is continuously increased. However, due to the structure, after the roll core of the cylindrical lithium battery is formed, the stress of the pole piece is difficult to release, so that the electrolyte is difficult to infiltrate, the liquid retention rate of the battery core is low, and along with the operation of charging and discharging, the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece expand to extrude the diaphragm, so that the liquid retention rate of the diaphragm is low, the distribution density of the electrode liquid of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece is smaller, the polarization is increased, and the like, so that the cylindrical lithium battery has a lower cycle life, and the cycle life is shorter when the diameter is larger. For example, the cycle life of a lithium iron phosphate square battery core can reach more than 4000 times, but the cycle life of a cylindrical lithium iron phosphate battery with the capacity of more than 20Ah reaches 2000 times.
Aiming at the defect of poor cycle life of a cylindrical lithium battery, the method generally adopts the following steps: (1) a multiple winding needle winding method, which can increase the space inside the winding core, but the winding equipment is complicated and inefficient; (2) the pre-formation method can improve the infiltration speed of the electrolyte, but the liquid retention rate of the diaphragm and the pole piece is not obviously improved; (3) the solution retention agent is added into the negative plate, which can improve the solution retention amount of the negative plate, but the added solution retention agent can increase the stress in the negative plate, aggravate the extrusion on the diaphragm, possibly cause the diaphragm to be compressed, and cause the solution retention rate to be low, and the improvement of the cycle life by the solution of adding the solution retention agent is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production process of a winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery, which can reserve expansion space between a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece in a winding core, is convenient for releasing the internal stress of the pole pieces, is also beneficial to the infiltration of electrolyte and improves the liquid retaining capacity of the pole pieces and a diaphragm.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a production process of a winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of sequentially rolling a diaphragm, a positive plate, a diaphragm, a negative plate or the order of the diaphragm, the negative plate, the diaphragm and the positive plate into a cylindrical roll core from outside to inside, wherein the two ends of the roll core are respectively a positive electrode blank area and a negative electrode blank area;
(2) kneading and flattening the anode white-remaining area and the cathode white-remaining area of the roll core in the step (1) to respectively form an anode kneading and flattening area and a cathode kneading and flattening area;
(3) welding the anode flattening area and the anode bus bar together in a laser welding mode, and welding the cathode flattening area and the cathode bus bar together;
(4) sequentially carrying out negative pressure baking, insulating film wrapping and casing on the winding core in the step (3);
(5) welding the cathode bus bar of the roll core after the shell is placed with a cathode cover plate or welding the anode bus bar of the roll core after the shell is placed with an anode cover plate, sealing and welding the cathode cover plate or the anode cover plate with the shell, welding the other unwelded bus bar with the shell, and sealing and welding the other unwelded cover plate with the shell to obtain a battery after the shell is sealed;
(6) and (5) sequentially carrying out liquid injection, formation, aging and capacity grading on the battery subjected to the encapsulation in the step (5) to obtain the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, the pre-buried solid powder is solid powder which can be converted into gas phase at the temperature of 25-110 ℃ or under the atmospheric pressure of not more than 1 standard atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, the pre-buried solid powder is ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate.
Preferably, in the step (1), one side of the positive electrode sheet is continuously whitened to obtain a positive electrode whitening region, and one side of the negative electrode sheet is continuously whitened to obtain a negative electrode whitening region.
Preferably, the preparation of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate in the step (1) includes but is not limited to dry pulping and wet pulping, including but not limited to wet coating and dry coating.
Preferably, the negative pressure baking in the step (4) is carried out at the temperature of 40-110 ℃ and under the pressure of not more than-50 Kpa.
Preferably, the step (5) is specifically: welding a negative bus bar of the roll core after the roll core is placed into the shell with a negative cover plate, insulating the negative bus bar with an aluminum shell by adopting an insulating bracket, hermetically welding the negative cover plate with the aluminum shell, and then welding a positive bus bar of the roll core with the inner wall of the aluminum shell; or welding the positive busbar of the roll core after the roll core is placed into the shell with the positive cover plate, insulating the positive busbar with the steel shell by adopting the insulating bracket, hermetically welding the positive cover plate with the steel shell, and then welding the negative busbar of the roll core with the inner wall of the steel shell.
Preferably, in the step (5), the welding between the negative electrode bus bar and the negative electrode cover plate is laser welding or ultrasonic welding, and the welding between the positive electrode bus bar and the positive electrode cover plate is laser welding or ultrasonic welding.
Preferably, the welding in the step (5) of sealing the cover plate and the shell is laser welding.
The invention also aims to provide a winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery which is prepared by the production process of the winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the production process of the cylindrical lithium battery, in the winding process, the embedded solid powder is introduced (the embedded solid powder is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the negative plate or the positive plate of the inner layer), and after winding and shaping, the embedded solid powder is converted into gas through heating and negative pressure pumping, and the gas is discharged.
(2) According to the cylindrical lithium battery, the positive bus bar or the negative bus bar is directly welded on the metal shell in a fusion mode, so that the heat inside the battery can be quickly released from inside to outside, the temperature inside the lithium battery can be controlled, potential safety hazards are reduced, and the service life of the lithium battery is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a roll core in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound cylindrical aluminum-shell lithium ion battery in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wound cylindrical steel-shell lithium ion battery in example 2 of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 is the first diaphragm, 2 is positive plate, 3 is the second diaphragm, 4 is the negative plate, 5 is spraying equipment, 6 is pre-buried solid powder, 7 is the book core, 8 is the anodal busbar, 9 is the book core of example 1, 10 is the aluminium shell, 11 is the negative pole post, 12 is the negative pole busbar, 13 is the book core of example 2, 14 is the steel shell, 15 is the anodal post.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the structure of the winding core in this embodiment is schematically illustrated.
Example 1
A production process of a winding type cylindrical aluminum shell lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) rolling a diaphragm, a positive plate, a diaphragm and a negative plate in sequence from outside to inside into a cylindrical roll core (the two diaphragms are respectively named as a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm to show different positions, namely the first diaphragm, the positive plate, the second diaphragm and the negative plate are sequentially rolled into the cylindrical roll core from outside to inside), wherein a positive pole blank area and a negative pole blank area are respectively arranged at two ends of the roll core, and pre-buried solid ammonium bicarbonate powder is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the negative plate of an inner layer in the winding process;
(2) kneading and flattening the anode white-remaining area and the cathode white-remaining area of the roll core in the step (1) to respectively form an anode kneading and flattening area and a cathode kneading and flattening area;
(3) welding the anode flattening area and the anode bus bar together in a laser welding mode, and welding the cathode flattening area and the cathode bus bar together;
(4) sequentially carrying out negative pressure baking, insulating film wrapping and casing on the winding core in the step (3), wherein the temperature of the negative pressure baking is 100 ℃, and the pressure is-50 Kpa;
(5) welding the negative bus bar of the rolled core with the negative cover plate by laser after entering the shell, insulating the negative bus bar with the aluminum shell by adopting an insulating bracket, welding the negative cover plate with the aluminum shell by laser in a sealing manner, then welding the positive bus bar of the rolled core with the inner wall of the aluminum shell by laser, and then welding the positive cover plate with the aluminum shell by sealing manner to obtain a battery after being sealed;
(6) and (5) sequentially carrying out liquid injection, formation, aging and capacity grading on the battery subjected to the encapsulation in the step (5) to obtain the lithium ion battery.
And (2) continuously whitening one side of the positive plate in the step (1) to obtain a positive electrode blank region, and continuously whitening one side of the negative plate to obtain a negative electrode blank region.
A winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery is prepared by the production process of the winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery.
Example 2
A production process of a wound cylindrical steel shell lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of sequentially rolling a diaphragm, a negative plate, a diaphragm and a positive plate from outside to inside into a cylindrical roll core, wherein a positive electrode whitening area and a negative electrode whitening area are respectively arranged at two ends of the roll core, and pre-buried solid powder ammonium carbonate is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the inner-layer positive plate in the winding process;
(2) kneading and flattening the anode white-remaining area and the cathode white-remaining area of the roll core in the step (1) to respectively form an anode kneading and flattening area and a cathode kneading and flattening area;
(3) welding the anode flattening area and the anode bus bar together in a laser welding mode, and welding the cathode flattening area and the cathode bus bar together;
(4) sequentially carrying out negative pressure baking, insulating film wrapping and casing on the winding core in the step (3), wherein the temperature of the negative pressure baking is 100 ℃, and the pressure is-50 Kpa;
(5) welding the positive busbar of the rolled core with the positive cover plate by laser after entering the shell, insulating the positive busbar with the steel shell by adopting an insulating bracket, welding the positive cover plate with the steel shell by laser in a sealing manner, then welding the negative busbar of the rolled core with the inner wall of the steel shell by laser in a sealing manner, and then welding the positive cover plate with the steel shell by laser in a sealing manner to obtain a sealed battery;
(6) and (5) sequentially carrying out liquid injection, formation, aging and capacity grading on the battery subjected to the encapsulation in the step (5) to obtain the lithium ion battery.
And (2) continuously whitening one side of the positive plate in the step (1) to obtain a positive electrode blank region, and continuously whitening one side of the negative plate to obtain a negative electrode blank region.
Comparative example
The difference from example 1 is that: the pre-buried solid powder ammonium bicarbonate is not uniformly sprayed on the surface of the negative plate of the inner layer.
The liquid absorption amount of the winding cores in examples 1-2 and comparative example was measured, and the prepared wound cylindrical aluminum-shell lithium battery was subjected to cycle life and temperature rise performance tests, the test results are shown in table 1, and the specific method was as follows:
liquid absorption amount: and (4) soaking the baked roll cores in electrolyte for 24 hours, and weighing the mass difference of the roll cores before and after soaking.
Cycle life: the battery was tested for charge and discharge, with 1 charge and 1 discharge for 1 cycle, i.e. 1 week.
Temperature rise: the method is characterized in that a temperature sensing probe is used for collecting the temperature of the surface of the battery in the charging and discharging process of the battery, and the temperature rise is the change of the highest temperature of the surface of the battery from before testing to during testing.
TABLE 1
Note: where 1C represents the magnitude of the charge and discharge current and 100% DOD represents full charge and discharge per charge and discharge cycle. Ret, which indicates how many weeks of cycling the remaining charge is a percentage of the original charge.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A production process of a winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of sequentially rolling a diaphragm, a positive plate, a diaphragm, a negative plate or the order of the diaphragm, the negative plate, the diaphragm and the positive plate into a cylindrical roll core from outside to inside, wherein the two ends of the roll core are respectively a positive electrode blank area and a negative electrode blank area;
(2) kneading and flattening the anode white-remaining area and the cathode white-remaining area of the roll core in the step (1) to respectively form an anode kneading and flattening area and a cathode kneading and flattening area;
(3) welding the anode flattening area and the anode bus bar together in a laser welding mode, and welding the cathode flattening area and the cathode bus bar together;
(4) sequentially carrying out negative pressure baking, insulating film wrapping and casing on the winding core in the step (3);
(5) welding the cathode bus bar of the roll core after the shell is placed with a cathode cover plate or welding the anode bus bar of the roll core after the shell is placed with an anode cover plate, sealing and welding the cathode cover plate or the anode cover plate with the shell, welding the other unwelded bus bar with the shell, and sealing and welding the other unwelded cover plate with the shell to obtain a battery after the shell is sealed;
(6) and (5) sequentially carrying out liquid injection, formation, aging and capacity grading on the battery subjected to the encapsulation in the step (5) to obtain the lithium ion battery.
2. The production process of the wound cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein: the pre-buried solid powder is solid powder which can be converted into a gas phase at the temperature of 25-110 ℃ or under the atmospheric pressure of not more than 1 standard atmospheric pressure.
3. The production process of the wound cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 2, wherein: the pre-buried solid powder is ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate.
4. The production process of the wound cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) continuously whitening one side of the positive plate in the step (1) to obtain a positive electrode blank region, and continuously whitening one side of the negative plate to obtain a negative electrode blank region.
5. The production process of the wound cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the negative pressure baking in the step (4) is 40-110 ℃, and the pressure is not more than-50 Kpa.
6. The production process of the wound cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) welding the negative busbar and the negative cover plate in the step (5) is laser welding or ultrasonic welding, and welding the positive busbar and the positive cover plate in the step (5) is laser welding or ultrasonic welding.
7. The production process of the wound cylindrical lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) in the step (5), the welding is laser welding in the sealing welding of the cover plate and the shell.
8. A coiling type cylindrical lithium ion battery is characterized in that: the lithium ion battery is prepared by the production process of the winding type cylindrical lithium ion battery of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114744380A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-12 | 东莞凯德新能源有限公司 | Full-tab battery preparation process and full-tab battery |
| CN114824505A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-29 | 苏州时代华景新能源有限公司 | Manufacturing process and production line system for zero deformation of winding type battery |
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