CN111403671A - Method for manufacturing lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111403671A CN111403671A CN202010205442.5A CN202010205442A CN111403671A CN 111403671 A CN111403671 A CN 111403671A CN 202010205442 A CN202010205442 A CN 202010205442A CN 111403671 A CN111403671 A CN 111403671A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/528—Fixed electrical connections, i.e. not intended for disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/543—Terminals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps: preparing a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, wherein the parts which are not coated with the slurry are left on one side of the positive electrode current collector and one side of the negative electrode current collector and are used as positive electrode lugs and negative electrode lugs of the lithium ion battery; winding the positive and negative pole pieces and the diaphragm to form a mandrel, forming positive and negative full lugs at two ends of the mandrel respectively, forming positive and negative shaping lug planes through shaping, and welding the positive and negative shaping lug planes with the positive and negative current collecting plates; the positive and negative current collecting plates are connected with leads through nuts, and the other ends of the leads are connected with corresponding positive and negative terminals of the battery; the battery core is arranged in a battery shell, a positive cover plate and a negative cover plate are additionally arranged, and the positive cover plate and the negative cover plate are fixed on a mandrel by nuts; and welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates with the outer wall of the battery shell, and then injecting, sealing, cleaning, forming, aging at high temperature and grading to obtain the lithium ion battery. The manufacturing method can solve the problem of overcurrent of large current of the existing high-capacity single battery, and prolongs the service life of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery.
Background
In recent years, energy storage in China presents a good situation of multivariate development, pumped storage is developed rapidly, the research and development and application of energy storage technologies such as compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, superconducting energy storage, super capacitors, lead storage batteries, lithium ion batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries and flow batteries are accelerated, and heat storage, cold storage and hydrogen storage technologies are advanced to a certain extent.
The electrochemical energy storage technology has the advantages of short response time, high energy density, flexibility, convenience, low maintenance cost and the like, and is the most important energy storage form except water pumping energy storage. According to the prediction, the accumulated loading amount of the electrochemical energy storage in China will rise steadily. By the end of 6 months in 2018, the accumulated installed scale of the globally operated electrochemical energy storage project is 3623.7 megawatts, and the proportion is 2.1%. In the last half of 2018, 697.1 megawatts of installed scale of a global newly-added commissioning electrochemical energy storage project, wherein the maximum installed scale of the lithium ion battery is 690.2 megawatts; the installed scale of an electrochemical energy storage project which is put into operation is newly increased in China to be 100.4 megawatts, wherein the installed scale of a lithium ion battery is the largest and is 94.1 megawatts.
The capacity of the lithium ion battery used in the electrochemical energy storage system commercialized in the market is mostly between 30Ah and 90Ah, and for energy storage power stations with hundreds of MWh or even GWh grades at many regions, the number of required battery cells exceeds millions, for example, the largest cell commercial lithium battery energy storage project in China: the synxin smart energy 10MWh distributed energy storage system is mainly formed by connecting 15 ten thousand 20Ah lithium ion batteries in series and in parallel, and the management of the batteries with large quantity is very difficult. In addition, the excessive number also increases the component cost when the cells are grouped. Therefore, the development of a single battery with large capacity is significant for the development of an energy storage system.
However, too large monomer capacity also brings many problems, for example, polarization of the battery cell increases, cycle life decreases, heat generation due to charging and discharging is serious, the problem of heat dissipation is difficult to solve, the battery cell structure cannot bear large current, and the consistency cannot be guaranteed. At present, under a discharge system of 100% DOD and 1C, the cycle life of a large-capacity lithium ion battery (with the capacity of more than 200Ah) on the market is mostly less than 500 times, and the charge-discharge multiplying power during continuous operation is usually only 0.2C-0.5C.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a positive plate and a negative plate: respectively coating the positive electrode slurry and the negative electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector, and taking the parts of one sides of the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector, which are not coated with the slurry, as positive electrode lugs and negative electrode lugs of the lithium ion battery;
(2) winding the positive and negative pole pieces prepared in the step (1) and the diaphragm to form a mandrel, and respectively forming positive and negative full tabs at two ends of the mandrel;
(3) shaping the positive and negative electrode full tabs to form positive and negative electrode shaping tab planes;
(4) welding the positive and negative electrode shaping lug planes with the positive and negative current collecting plates respectively to form a battery core;
(5) copper or aluminum wires with proper overcurrent capacity are connected to the positive current collecting plate and the negative current collecting plate through nuts and are fixed, and the other ends of the wires are connected with corresponding positive and negative terminals of the battery through studs and nuts;
(6) the battery core is arranged in a battery shell, a positive cover plate and a negative cover plate are additionally arranged, and the positive cover plate and the negative cover plate are fixed on a mandrel by nuts;
(7) and welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates with the outer wall of the battery shell, and then injecting, sealing, cleaning, forming, aging at high temperature and grading to obtain the lithium ion battery.
Preferably, in step (6), before the positive and negative electrode cover plates are installed, the method further includes: and the positive and negative terminals and the battery core are arranged in the battery shell, and the positive and negative terminals are led out of the shell.
Preferably, in step (6), before the positive and negative electrode cover plates are installed, the method further includes: a first insulating sheet is arranged between the positive and negative terminals and the positive and negative cover plates, and a second insulating sheet is arranged on one side of the positive and negative cover plates far away from the positive and negative terminals.
Preferably, step (6) further comprises: an axial limiting ring is arranged between the first insulating sheet and the positive and negative terminals. Preferably, the axial limiting ring is made of an insulating corrosion-resistant material; more preferably, the material of the radial stop collar comprises at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA plastic and polyvinyl chloride plastic.
Preferably, in step (6), before the positive and negative electrode cover plates are attached, the method further includes: and radial limiting rings are respectively arranged on the positive electrode reshaping lug and the positive current collecting plate and on the negative electrode reshaping lug and the negative current collecting plate. Preferably, the radial spacing ring is made of an insulating corrosion-resistant material; more preferably, the material of the radial stop collar comprises at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA plastic and polyvinyl chloride plastic.
Preferably, in step (6), before welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates to the outer wall of the battery case, a sealing ring for sealing the battery case and the positive and negative electrode cover plates is further provided on the battery case.
Preferably, in the step (6), before the positive and negative electrode cover plates are fixed to the mandrel by the nut, a copper or aluminum gasket is disposed between the nut and the cover plate.
Preferably, in the step (7), after the positive and negative electrode cover plates are welded to the outer wall of the battery case, before the liquid injection, an explosion-proof valve is installed at the end of the battery case or the outer wall of the battery is thinned.
Preferably, in the step (1), the positive electrode slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-94% of positive electrode active material, 2-10% of positive electrode conductive agent and 3-10% of positive electrode binder.
Preferably, in the step (1), the negative electrode slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-94% of negative electrode active material, 2-10% of negative electrode conductive agent and 3-10% of negative electrode binder.
Preferably, in step (1), the positive electrode current collector includes aluminum foil and/or nickel foam, but is not limited to the above materials.
Preferably, in the step (1), the negative electrode current collector includes at least one of a copper foil, an aluminum foil, and a nickel foam, but is not limited thereto.
Preferably, the positive active material includes at least one of a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide ternary material, a lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide ternary material, lithium nickelate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium titanate, a lithium-rich manganese-based material, and activated carbon, but is not limited to the above materials.
Preferably, the positive electrode conductive agent includes at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, but is not limited to the above materials.
Preferably, the positive electrode binder includes at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene, but is not limited thereto.
Preferably, the negative active material includes at least one of lithium titanate, activated carbon, and graphite, but is not limited to the above materials.
Preferably, the negative electrode conductive agent includes at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, but is not limited to the above materials.
Preferably, the negative electrode binder includes sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-styrene butadiene rubber, but is not limited to the above materials.
Preferably, the material of the first insulation sheet and the second insulation sheet includes at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA plastic, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride plastic, but is not limited thereto.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery, which connects a positive current collecting plate with a positive terminal, a negative current collecting plate with the positive terminal through a lead, and can realize the adjustment of the current by adjusting the wire diameter of the lead and the diameter of a terminal post, thereby avoiding the damage of the battery caused by overcurrent and further prolonging the service life of the battery. In addition, the invention also integrates the positive electrode reshaping lug with the positive current collecting plate and integrates the negative electrode reshaping lug with the negative current collecting plate, so that the positive electrode reshaping lug and the positive current collecting plate are well contacted, and the stability of the structure of the lithium ion battery is improved while the negative electrode reshaping lug and the negative current collecting plate are well contacted. The structure of the full tab and the large-size current leading-out terminal can well solve the overcurrent problem of large current and can pass the current larger than 500A, so that the battery or the super capacitor adopting the structure can be manufactured into a larger size.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a cell and a battery of a lithium ion battery provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a charge-discharge curve and an accelerated aging cycle life curve of a cell of a lithium ion battery described in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lithium ion battery provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a radial stop collar provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rubber seal ring provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an axial stop collar provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a positive current collector provided in the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a positive electrode terminal provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating sheet provided by the present invention;
wherein, the reference numbers of the specification are as follows:
1. an electric core; 2. shaping the tab; 3. a radial spacing collar; 4. a collector plate; 401. a first rib plate; 402. a support frame; 403. a second groove; 404. a screw hole; 405. a second disc; 406. a second rib plate; 407. a first disc; 5. a rubber seal ring; 6. an axial spacing ring; 7. positive and negative terminals; 8. a first insulating sheet; 9. positive and negative electrode cover plates; 10. a screw; 11. a second insulating sheet; 12. a terminal fastening nut; 13. an explosion-proof valve; 14. a battery case.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the lithium ion battery of the present invention, the lithium ion battery of this embodiment is a cylindrical lithium cobaltate/graphite battery, and the manufacturing method includes the following steps:
(1) preparing anode slurry and cathode slurry:
weighing 100g of PVDF, adding the PVDF into a planetary mixer filled with 2kg of NMP, gluing, stirring uniformly at a dispersion speed of revolution of 15r/min and rotation of 1200r/min until the solid is completely dissolved and the solution is colorless and transparent, then adding conductive carbon black Super P in batches like the solution, and continuing stirring for 30min for dispersion after the addition. Weighing 1.8kg of lithium cobaltate, adding the lithium cobaltate into the mixture in batches, continuously stirring the mixture for 2 hours, and removing bubbles in vacuum to obtain slurry for later use;
weighing 100g of PVDF, homogenizing according to the same method as the positive electrode, weighing 100g of conductive carbon black Super P, adding into the conductive carbon black Super P for dispersion, finally adding 1.8kg of artificial graphite in batches, stirring for 2 hours, and preparing slurry after vacuum defoaming, wherein the designed solid content of the slurry is 40%;
(2) preparing a positive plate and a negative plate: the positive and negative electrode slurry is respectively coated on a positive current collector (aluminum foil) and a negative current collector (copper foil) by using a transfer type coating machine or an extrusion type coating machine, and the design capacity of the unit area of the positive electrode is controlled during coating: negative electrode capacity per unit area of 1: 1.05; reserving 10-30mm of empty foil on one side of the positive and negative pole pieces as positive and negative pole tabs, drying the pole pieces, and rolling by a roller press to obtain the positive pole pieces and the negative pole pieces;
(3) winding the positive and negative pole pieces and the diaphragm to form a cylindrical battery cell, and baking at 100 ℃, wherein positive and negative full lugs are respectively formed at two ends of the mandrel;
(4) after the battery cell is dried in vacuum (the thermal weight loss is less than 5%), putting the battery cell into a mandrel with a proper size, and shaping the electrode lug to obtain a battery cell with a shaped electrode lug;
(5) copper or aluminum wires with proper overcurrent capacity are connected to the positive current collecting plate and the negative current collecting plate through nuts and are fixed, and the other ends of the wires are connected with corresponding positive and negative terminals of the battery through studs and nuts;
(6) adding current collectors at two ends of the battery core, fixing the current collectors on a mandrel by nuts, welding tabs of the prepared battery core by welding means such as laser welding, shaping and packaging the positive and negative terminals and the battery core into a battery shell, and leading the positive and negative terminals out of the shell; installing a first insulating sheet between the positive and negative terminals and the positive and negative cover plates, installing a second insulating sheet on one side of the positive and negative cover plates far away from the positive and negative terminals, respectively arranging radial spacing rings on the positive reshaping tab and the positive current collecting plate, and the negative reshaping tab and the negative current collecting plate, arranging axial spacing rings between the first insulating sheet and the positive and negative terminals, additionally installing the positive and negative cover plates, and fixing the positive and negative cover plates on the mandrel by nuts;
(7) a sealing rubber ring for sealing the battery shell with the positive and negative electrode cover plates is arranged on the battery shell, and the material of the sealing rubber ring comprises but is not limited to silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and the like; welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates with the outer wall of the battery shell;
(8) and (3) installing an explosion-proof valve at the end part of the battery shell or thinning the outer wall of the battery, and then carrying out liquid injection, sealing, cleaning, formation, high-temperature aging and capacity grading to obtain the cylindrical lithium cobaltate/graphite battery, wherein the high-temperature aging temperature is 50 ℃.
Example 2
In an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the lithium ion battery of the present invention, the lithium ion battery is a cylindrical nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary/lithium titanate battery, and the manufacturing method includes the following steps:
(1) preparing anode slurry and cathode slurry:
weighing 100g of PVDF, adding the PVDF into a planetary mixer filled with 2kg of NMP, gluing, stirring uniformly at a dispersion speed of revolution of 15r/min and rotation of 1200r/min until the solid is completely dissolved and the solution is colorless and transparent, then adding conductive carbon black Super P in batches, and continuing stirring for 30min for dispersion after the addition is finished. Weighing 1.8kg of nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material, adding the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material in batches, continuously stirring for 2h, and removing bubbles in vacuum to obtain slurry for later use;
weighing 120g of PVDF, homogenizing according to the same method as the positive electrode, weighing 80g of conductive carbon black Super P, adding into the PVDF for dispersion, finally adding 1.8kg of nano lithium titanate in batches, stirring for 2 hours, and preparing slurry after vacuum defoaming, wherein the designed solid content of the slurry is 40%;
(2) preparing a positive plate and a negative plate:
the positive and negative electrode slurry is respectively coated on a positive current collector (aluminum foil) and a negative current collector (aluminum foil) by using a transfer type coating machine or an extrusion type coating machine, and the design capacity of the unit area of the positive electrode is controlled during coating: negative electrode capacity per unit area of 1: 1, reserving 10-30mm of empty foil on one side of the positive and negative pole pieces as positive and negative pole tabs, drying the pole pieces, and rolling the dried pole pieces by a roller press to obtain the positive and negative pole pieces;
(3) winding the positive and negative pole pieces and the diaphragm to form a cylindrical battery cell, and baking at 100 ℃, wherein positive and negative full lugs are respectively formed at two ends of the mandrel;
(4) after the battery cell is dried in vacuum (the thermal weight loss is less than 5%), putting the battery cell into a mandrel with a proper size, and shaping the electrode lug to obtain a battery cell with a shaped electrode lug;
(5) copper or aluminum wires with proper overcurrent capacity are connected to the positive current collecting plate and the negative current collecting plate through nuts and are fixed, and the other ends of the wires are connected with corresponding positive and negative terminals of the battery through studs and nuts;
(6) adding current collectors at two ends of the battery core, fixing the current collectors on a mandrel by nuts, welding tabs of the prepared battery core by welding means such as laser welding, shaping and packaging the positive and negative terminals and the battery core into a battery shell, and leading the positive and negative terminals out of the shell; installing a first insulating sheet between the positive and negative terminals and the positive and negative cover plates, installing a second insulating sheet on one side of the positive and negative cover plates far away from the positive and negative terminals, respectively arranging radial spacing rings on the positive reshaping tab and the positive current collecting plate, and the negative reshaping tab and the negative current collecting plate, arranging axial spacing rings between the first insulating sheet and the positive and negative terminals, additionally installing the positive and negative cover plates, and fixing the positive and negative cover plates on the mandrel by nuts;
(7) a sealing rubber ring for sealing the battery shell with the positive and negative electrode cover plates is arranged on the battery shell, and the material of the sealing rubber ring comprises but is not limited to silicon rubber, fluorine rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and the like; welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates with the outer wall of the battery shell;
(8) and (3) installing an explosion-proof valve at the end part of the battery shell or thinning the outer wall of the battery, and then carrying out liquid injection, sealing, cleaning, formation, high-temperature aging and capacity grading to obtain the cylindrical nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary/lithium titanate battery, wherein the high-temperature aging temperature is 50 ℃.
The lithium ion battery monomer prepared according to the steps has the nominal capacity of 600Ah and the storage capacity of 1.2KWh, and the 500A large-current charging and discharging cycle is realized; through tests, the battery cell is subjected to an accelerated aging test under a charge-discharge system of 500A, 100% DOD and 50 ℃, the cycle life (80% SOH) exceeds 1000 times, and the battery cell has stable performance and good safety; the lithium ion battery is a lithium ion battery monomer with the largest capacity and capable of carrying out large-current charging and discharging at home at present, and is expected to be used for power grid peak regulation, frequency modulation and standby power supply. The material object diagram of the battery cell is shown in fig. 1, and the charge-discharge curve and the aging-accelerated cycle life curve of the battery cell are shown in fig. 2.
Example 3
An embodiment of the lithium ion battery of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the lithium ion battery provided by the present invention. The battery comprises a shell 14, a battery cell 1, a positive electrode component and a negative electrode component, wherein the battery cell 1 is positioned in an inner cavity of the shell 14, and the positive electrode component and the negative electrode component are positioned at two ends of the shell 14;
one end of the battery core 1 is provided with a positive pole piece, the positive pole piece comprises a positive shaping lug 2 and a positive current collecting plate 4, and the positive shaping lug 2 and one end of the positive current collecting plate 4 are welded into a whole; the other end of the battery cell 1 is provided with a negative pole piece; the negative pole piece comprises a negative pole shaping lug 2 and a negative current collecting plate 4, and the negative pole shaping lug 2 and one end of the negative current collecting plate 4 are welded into a whole;
the positive component comprises a positive terminal 7 and a positive cover plate 9 for sealing one port of the shell 14, the other end of the positive current collecting plate 4 is connected with one end of the positive terminal 7 through a lead, and the other end of the positive terminal 7 is connected with one end of the positive cover plate 9;
the negative electrode member includes a negative electrode terminal 7 and a negative electrode cover plate 9 for sealing one end opening of the case 14, the other end of the negative current collecting plate 4 is connected to one end of the negative electrode terminal 7 through a lead, and the other end of the negative electrode terminal 7 is connected to one end of the negative electrode cover plate 9.
Therefore, the lithium ion battery provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a shell, a battery cell positioned in an inner cavity of the shell, and a positive electrode component and a negative electrode component positioned at two ends of the shell; one end of the battery cell is provided with a positive electrode reshaping lug and a positive current collecting plate, and the positive electrode reshaping lug and one end of the positive current collecting plate are welded into a whole; the other end of the battery cell is provided with a negative shaping lug and a negative current collecting plate, and the negative shaping lug and one end of the negative current collecting plate are welded into a whole; the positive part comprises a positive terminal and a positive cover plate for sealing one port of the shell, the other end of the positive current collecting plate is connected with one end of the positive terminal through a lead, and the other end of the positive terminal is connected with the positive cover plate; the negative electrode component comprises a negative electrode terminal and a negative electrode cover plate for sealing one port of the shell, the other end of the negative current collecting plate is connected with one end of the negative electrode terminal through a lead, and the other end of the negative electrode terminal is connected with the negative electrode cover plate. The positive current collecting plate and the positive terminal, and the negative current collecting plate and the positive terminal are connected through the wires, and the current can be adjusted by adjusting the wire diameter of the wires and the diameter of the terminal post, so that the damage of the battery caused by overcurrent is avoided, and the service life of the battery is prolonged. The invention also integrates the positive electrode reshaping lug with the positive current collecting plate and integrates the negative electrode reshaping lug with the negative current collecting plate, so that the positive electrode reshaping lug and the positive current collecting plate are well contacted, and the stability of the structure of the lithium ion battery is improved while the negative electrode reshaping lug and the negative current collecting plate are well contacted.
In one preferred embodiment, the battery cell 1 is formed by winding a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm through a winding machine, a mandrel is reserved or not reserved in the middle of the battery cell 1, the main material of the mandrel is a hollow or solid corrosion-resistant material and plays a supporting role, and the shell of the battery cell 1 is a cylindrical aluminum shell or a stainless steel shell, so that the heat dissipation of the battery cell 1 is facilitated; preferably, the battery core 1 casing is of a structure with or without a plurality of axial metal fins.
In one preferred embodiment, a radial spacing ring 3 is arranged between the positive electrode reshaping lug 2 and one end of the positive current collecting plate 4; referring to fig. 4, the radial limiting ring 3 is a circular ring or a semicircular ring structure, and a first groove is formed on the outer edge of the radial limiting ring 3. The radial limiting ring 3 is made of a material with good insulation and corrosion resistance, and the material comprises but is not limited to Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PFA plastic and polyvinyl chloride plastic; it should be noted that the first groove is disposed on the outer edge of the radial limiting ring 3 to facilitate electrolyte injection, and the shape of the first groove includes, but is not limited to, a circle, a triangle, and a semicircle.
In one preferred embodiment, a rubber sealing ring 5 and an axial limiting ring 6 are sequentially arranged between one end of the positive terminal 7 and the other end of the positive current collecting plate 4.
Referring to fig. 5, the rubber sealing ring 5 is a first cylindrical structure with a first square groove; the center of the first square groove and the center of the first cylinder are positioned in the same vertical direction, and the first square groove penetrates through the first cylinder.
Referring to fig. 6, the axial limiting ring 6 includes a first annular body and a second annular body, one end of the first annular body is connected with the rubber seal ring 5, the other end of the first annular body is provided with the second annular body, the diameter of the outer wall of the first annular body is larger than that of the outer wall of the second annular body, and the diameter of the inner wall of the first annular body is smaller than or equal to that of the outer wall of the second annular body; the first annular body and the second annular body are welded into a whole.
In this embodiment, the axial spacing ring 6 is matched with the torus grooves of the positive cover plate 9 and the negative cover plate 9; the axial limiting ring 6 is made of a material with good insulation and corrosion resistance, the material includes but is not limited to Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PFA plastic, and polyvinyl chloride plastic, and the battery cell 1 added with the axial limiting ring 6 has the same height as the casing 14 in the axial direction.
In one of the preferred embodiments, as can be seen in fig. 7, the positive current collector 4 comprises a first disc 407, a second disc 405 provided with screw holes 404, the second disc 405 being arranged coaxially with the first disc 407 and the second disc 405 being arranged above the first disc 407; the first disc 407 comprises a third ring body, a central disc and a plurality of support frames 402; the third circular ring body, the central disc and the second disc 405 are coaxially arranged, and the second disc 405 is arranged above the central disc; the support frames 402 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the third circular ring body, and two ends of each support frame 402 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the third circular ring body and the outer wall of the central disc; a first rib plate 401 is arranged between each support frame 402 and the inner wall of the third circular body; a second rib plate 406 is arranged between each support frame 402 and the outer wall of the central disc.
In the present embodiment, the second disc 405 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 404, the screw holes 404 are used for fixing a metal wire to lead out current, wherein the size of the screw holes 404 is between M3 and M10; the material of the whole current collecting plate 4 is selected from metals such as copper or aluminum or alloys, and it should be noted that the first disc 407 structure of the current collecting plate 4 makes the middle part of the current collecting plate 4 a hollow structure, which is beneficial to the permeation of electrolyte.
In this embodiment, the first rib plate 401 and the second rib plate 406 are beneficial to improving the strength between the third ring body and the support frame 402, so as to improve the stability and reliability of the lithium ion battery structure. Preferably, the third circular ring body, the central disc, the support frame 402, the first rib plate 401 and the second rib plate 406 are formed into a whole by welding.
In one preferred embodiment, the supporting frame 402 is provided with a second groove 403, and the second groove 403 is communicated with the gap on the inner wall of the third ring body; it should be noted that the second groove 403 is formed in the supporting frame 402, and has a thinning structure, which facilitates welding, and the welding manner includes, but is not limited to, laser welding, ultrasonic welding, and argon arc welding.
In one preferred embodiment, copper or aluminum wires with proper overcurrent capacity are connected to the positive and negative current collecting plates 4 through nuts, one ends of the wires are fixed, the other ends of the wires are connected with the corresponding positive and negative terminals 7 through studs and nuts, and the two ends of the wires can be stably fixed to the current collecting plates 4 and the terminals through the nuts and the studs, so that the stability of the structure of the lithium ion battery is improved.
In one of the preferred embodiments, referring to fig. 8, the positive terminal 7 includes a second cylinder provided with a screw hole 404, a square body, and a positive pole post; the square body is matched with the first square groove, and external threads are arranged on the outer side wall of the positive pole column; the second cylinder, the square body and the anode pole are coaxially arranged, and the anode pole is arranged above the second cylinder through the square body.
In this embodiment, the second cylinder has a plurality of screw holes 404 for facilitating the connection of the lead, the size of the screw hole 404 is between M3 and M10, the size of the pole can be designed according to the required overcurrent capacity, preferably, the positive terminal 7 and the negative terminal 7 are made of copper or aluminum, and it should be noted that the positive terminal 7 and the negative terminal 7 are led out of the housing 14.
In one preferred embodiment, an insulating sheet is arranged between the other end of the positive terminal 7 and the positive cover plate 9; referring to fig. 9, the insulating sheet is a third cylinder structure with a second square groove, the center of the second square groove and the center of the third cylinder are located in the same vertical direction, the second square groove penetrates through the third cylinder, and the second square groove is matched with the square body on the positive terminal 7 and is matched with the first square groove of the rubber sealing ring 5.
In this embodiment, the insulating sheets are disposed inside the positive and negative electrode cover plates 9 by injection molding or machining process, and the insulating sheets are preferably made of corrosion-resistant Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), PFA plastic, polyethylene, or polyvinyl chloride plastic.
In one preferred embodiment, a second insulation sheet 11 is provided at the other end of the positive electrode cover plate 9, wherein the first insulation sheet 8 and the second insulation sheet 11 have the same structure.
In one preferred embodiment, the positive cover plate 9 includes a fourth cylinder, and a torus groove is formed on the fourth cylinder, and the torus groove matches with the second torus of the axial limiting ring 6.
In one preferred embodiment, a third groove is formed in the center of the fourth cylinder, the third groove penetrates through the fourth cylinder, and the width of the third groove is greater than or equal to the diameter of the positive electrode post and smaller than the width of the square body of the positive electrode terminal, so that the positive electrode post of the positive electrode terminal 7 can be exposed out of the positive electrode cover plate 9.
In one preferred embodiment, the positive electrode cover plate 9, the negative electrode cover plate 9 and the shell 14 are welded into a whole, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the lithium ion battery structure.
In one preferred embodiment, the positive and negative terminals 7 are fixed to the corresponding cover plates by nuts, and a gasket made of copper or aluminum is added between the nuts and the cover plates.
In one preferred embodiment, the negative electrode part and the positive electrode part are in the same structure, and the negative electrode pole piece and the positive electrode pole piece are in the same structure.
In one of the preferred embodiments, the outer wall of the housing 14 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 13.
In one preferred embodiment, the materials of the positive and negative current collecting plates 4, the shell 14, the positive and negative cover plates 9, the positive and negative terminals 7, the explosion-proof valve 13 and the sleeve are preferably 1-8 series aluminum materials, pure copper and alloys thereof and stainless steel.
Therefore, the lithium ion battery has a stable structure, the lug, the current collecting plate and the current leading-out terminal are well fixed, the reliability is high, the lithium ion battery is not easy to damage in the transportation and carrying processes, the structure of the full lug and the large-size current leading-out terminal can well solve the overcurrent problem of large current and can pass the current larger than 500A, therefore, the battery or the super capacitor adopting the structure can be manufactured into a larger size, the discharge capacity of the battery or the super capacitor is preferably 10Ah-2000 Ah, and the one-way exhaust valve is arranged on the end cover aiming at the gas generation problem of a large-size battery cell, so that the use safety of the battery or.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a positive plate and a negative plate: respectively coating the positive electrode slurry and the negative electrode slurry on a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector, and taking the parts of one sides of the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector, which are not coated with the slurry, as positive electrode lugs and negative electrode lugs of the lithium ion battery;
(2) winding the positive and negative pole pieces prepared in the step (1) and the diaphragm to form a mandrel, and respectively forming positive and negative full tabs at two ends of the mandrel;
(3) shaping the positive and negative electrode full tabs to form positive and negative electrode shaping tab planes;
(4) welding the positive and negative electrode shaping lug planes with the positive and negative current collecting plates respectively to form a battery core;
(5) copper or aluminum wires with proper overcurrent capacity are connected to the positive current collecting plate and the negative current collecting plate through nuts and are fixed, and the other ends of the wires are connected with corresponding positive and negative terminals of the battery through studs and nuts;
(6) the battery core is arranged in a battery shell, a positive cover plate and a negative cover plate are additionally arranged, and the positive cover plate and the negative cover plate are fixed on a mandrel by nuts;
(7) and welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates with the outer wall of the battery shell, and then injecting, sealing, cleaning, forming, aging at high temperature and grading to obtain the lithium ion battery.
2. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), before the step of adding the positive and negative electrode cover plates, the method further comprises: and the positive and negative terminals and the battery core are arranged in the battery shell, and the positive and negative terminals are led out of the shell.
3. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 2, wherein in the step (6), before the step of installing the positive and negative electrode cover plates, the method further comprises: a first insulating sheet is arranged between the positive and negative terminals and the positive and negative cover plates, and a second insulating sheet is arranged on one side of the positive and negative cover plates far away from the positive and negative terminals.
4. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 3, wherein the step (6) further comprises: an axial limiting ring is arranged between the first insulating sheet and the positive and negative terminals; preferably, the axial limiting ring is made of an insulating corrosion-resistant material; more preferably, the material of the radial stop collar comprises at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA plastic and polyvinyl chloride plastic.
5. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), before the step of installing the positive and negative electrode cover plates, the method further comprises: radial limiting rings are respectively arranged on the positive electrode reshaping lug and the positive current collecting plate, and the negative electrode reshaping lug and the negative current collecting plate; preferably, the radial spacing ring is made of an insulating corrosion-resistant material; more preferably, the material of the radial stop collar comprises at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA plastic and polyvinyl chloride plastic.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), before welding the positive and negative electrode cover plates to the outer wall of the battery case, a sealing ring for sealing the battery case and the positive and negative electrode cover plates is disposed on the battery case.
7. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in the step (7), after the positive and negative electrode cover plates are welded to the outer wall of the battery case, and before the liquid injection, the method further comprises a step of installing an explosion-proof valve at the end of the battery case or thinning the outer wall of the battery.
8. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the following (a) to (d):
(a) in the step (1), the positive electrode slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-94% of positive electrode active material, 2-10% of positive electrode conductive agent and 3-10% of positive electrode binder;
(b) in the step (1), the negative electrode slurry comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-94% of a negative electrode active material, 2-10% of a negative electrode conductive agent and 3-10% of a negative electrode binder;
(c) in the step (1), the positive current collector comprises an aluminum foil and/or a foamed nickel;
(d) in the step (1), the negative current collector includes at least one of copper foil, aluminum foil and nickel foam.
9. The method for manufacturing a lithium ion battery according to claim 8, wherein at least one of the following (e) to (k) is:
(e) the positive active substance comprises at least one of a nickel cobalt lithium manganate ternary material, a nickel cobalt lithium aluminate ternary material, lithium nickelate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, lithium titanate, a lithium-rich manganese-based material and active carbon;
(f) the positive electrode conductive agent comprises at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotubes and graphene;
(g) the positive electrode binder includes at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene;
(h) the negative active material comprises at least one of lithium titanate, activated carbon and graphite;
(i) the negative electrode conductive agent comprises at least one of conductive carbon black, acetylene black, carbon nanotubes and graphene;
(k) the negative electrode binder comprises sodium carboxymethylcellulose-styrene butadiene rubber.
10. The method of claim 3, wherein the insulating sheet is made of a material including at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA plastic, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride plastic.
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| CN111403671B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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