CN114279945B - Test cabin for simulating winter climate erosion full-scale sample - Google Patents
Test cabin for simulating winter climate erosion full-scale sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN114279945B CN114279945B CN202111616521.6A CN202111616521A CN114279945B CN 114279945 B CN114279945 B CN 114279945B CN 202111616521 A CN202111616521 A CN 202111616521A CN 114279945 B CN114279945 B CN 114279945B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test cabin body for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale sample, an air conditioning system adjusts the temperature in the winter cabin to a preset temperature under the control of an electric control power distribution system, a humidifying system adjusts the humidity in the winter cabin to a preset humidity under the control of the electric control power distribution system, a sunlight simulation system adjusts the illumination intensity in the winter cabin to the preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system, a snowfall system is used for simulating the preset snowfall intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system, and can simulate the large-scale environmental conditions of low temperature, snowfall, sunshine and snow melting in winter, so that the full-scale sample or the large-scale sample simulates different occurrence winter environmental conditions in the cabin body, the winter climate conditions are simulated or reduced to the greatest extent by using equipment more accurately, the erosion action mechanism of the sample in different winter condition environments is comprehensively disclosed, and the whole process of sample erosion disease development and material aging failure is quantitatively captured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental test and cultural relic protection, in particular to a test cabin for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale sample.
Background
The variety and quantity of the immovable cultural relics such as the grotto temple and the earthen site in China are rich, the development history of the China civilization is vividly reproduced, and the immovable cultural relics are very important physical data and artistic magnificent in the cultural heritage of Chinese matters.
Along with scientific research investment and scientific management of research institutions, part of sites are gradually changed from a rescue protection stage to a preventive protection stage, and a plurality of research results are obtained. However, due to the limitation of test conditions, full-scale and multi-factor coupled environment simulation test of a real environment cannot be realized, and the promotion and application of cultural relic disease mechanism, material aging and measure effective evaluation research and protection technology are hindered.
In recent years, the academic circles pay more attention to researches on the occurrence environment, the development process of the ruins, the ageing of materials and the effectiveness evaluation of reinforcement measures, particularly, the influence of the climate environment in winter on the ruins is more obvious, more researches are in freeze-thawing cycle simulation experiments on small experiments, the influence of multi-factor coupling and size effects such as low temperature, snowfall, freeze thawing and sunlight on outdoor cultural relics in winter cannot be realized, indoor small experiment results and actual conditions are greatly different, full-scale simulation physical simulation experiments are just started, and related works such as a full life cycle damage state test method, model construction and quantitative characterization are not carried out, so that the lack of scientific cultural relics disease experimental model research is a main reason that the mechanism research cannot be deep. Therefore, a device capable of simulating the occurrence and development processes of sample diseases and the aging and failure processes of materials under the climate change condition of winter in full-scale test is urgently needed, and the device has important significance for further researching the relationship between disease characteristics and occurrence environment, site degradation mechanism under the freeze thawing cycle effect and protecting materials, process applicability and durability research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test cabin for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale sample, which can simulate large-scale environmental conditions of low temperature, snowfall, sunlight and snow melting in winter, and realize that full-scale patterns or large-scale patterns simulate different occurrence winter environmental conditions in the cabin, so that the winter climate conditions can be simulated or restored more accurately by using equipment to the greatest extent.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
a test pod for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale specimen, the test pod comprising: winter cabin, air conditioning system, humidification system, sunshine simulation system, snowfall system and electric control distribution system;
the winter cabin is a closed cavity;
the air conditioning system, the humidifying system, the sunlight simulating system and the snowfall system are all connected with the electric control power distribution system;
the air conditioning system is used for adjusting the temperature inside the winter cabin to a preset temperature under the control of the electric control power distribution system;
the humidifying system is used for adjusting the humidity inside the winter cabin to a preset humidity under the control of the electric control power distribution system;
the sunlight simulation system is used for adjusting the illumination intensity in the winter cabin to a preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system;
the snowfall system is used for simulating preset snowfall intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system.
Optionally, the test winter tank further comprises: a fresh air system;
the fresh air system is connected with the electric control power distribution system and is used for maintaining circulation of gas in the cabin and keeping pressure in the cabin slightly positive pressure in winter under control of the electric control power distribution system.
Optionally, the fresh air system includes: an in-cabin air inlet, an inter-equipment air inlet, a front cooling section, a rotating wheel dehumidifying section, a rear cooling section and an in-cabin air outlet;
the cabin air inlet and the equipment air inlet are connected with a front cooling section, and the front cooling section is used for dehumidifying air extracted from the cabin interior by the cabin air inlet and air extracted from the equipment by the equipment air inlet;
the front cooling section is connected with the rotating wheel dehumidification section, and the rotating wheel dehumidification section is used for rotating wheel dehumidification of the air dehumidified by the front cooling section to obtain high-temperature low-humidity air;
the rotating wheel dehumidifying section is connected with the rear cooling section, the rear cooling section is connected with an air outlet in the cabin, and the rear cooling section is used for cooling high-temperature low-humidity air and blowing the cooled high-temperature low-humidity air into the winter cabin through the air outlet in the cabin.
Optionally, the snowfall system includes: raw water tank, raw water pump, mechanical filter, active carbon filter, water softener, ion exchange membrane, pure water tank, temperature controller, pure water pump, electronic flowmeter and snowfall nozzle;
the raw water tank, the raw water pump, the mechanical filter, the activated carbon filter, the water softener, the ion exchange membrane, the pure water tank, the pure water pump, the electronic flowmeter and the snowing nozzle are sequentially connected according to the water flow direction;
the temperature controller is connected with the pure water tank and is used for controlling the temperature of the pure water in the pure water tank;
the control end of the electronic flowmeter is connected with the electric control power distribution system, and the electronic flowmeter is used for transmitting pure water in the pure water tank to the snowfall nozzle according to the preset flow and the preset flow rate of the electric control power distribution system and generating snowflakes to be sprayed into the winter cabin by using the snowfall nozzle.
Optionally, the snowfall system further includes: the device comprises two linear slide rail units, a snowfall pipe moving bracket, a snowfall spray nozzle mounting plate, a synchronous driving motor and a plurality of top plate mounting frames;
two ends of the snowfall spray mounting plate are respectively and slidably arranged on the two linear slide rail units; the snowfall nozzle is arranged on the snowfall nozzle mounting plate; the snowfall pipe moving bracket is arranged on one of the linear slide rail units; the snowfall pipe moving bracket and the two linear slide rail units are fixed on the top of the winter cabin through a plurality of top plate mounting frames;
the sliding end of the snowfall spray mounting plate is connected with a driving shaft of the synchronous driving motor.
Optionally, the air conditioning system includes: a refrigerating unit and an air conditioning box;
the refrigerating unit and the air conditioning box are connected with the electric control power distribution system;
the electric control power distribution system is used for controlling the refrigerating unit to reduce the temperature in the winter cabin, and the air conditioning box is used for increasing the temperature in the winter cabin, so that the temperature in the winter cabin is regulated to a preset temperature.
Optionally, the refrigerating unit includes: the system comprises a two-stage compressor, a condenser, a liquid reservoir, an oil circulation loop, an economizer, an electronic expansion valve, an in-cabin evaporative air-conditioning box and a circulating fan;
the two-stage compressor, the condenser, the liquid reservoir, the oil circulation loop, the economizer, the electronic expansion valve, the cabin evaporative air-conditioning box and the circulating fan are sequentially connected end to end according to the flow direction of the refrigerant;
the two-stage compressor is used for converting the refrigerant in the vapor state into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant after accelerating;
the condenser is used for releasing heat of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the cooled liquid refrigerant is obtained and conveyed to the liquid accumulator for storage;
the economizer and the oil circulation loop are used for cooling the cooled liquid refrigerant again to obtain a low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant;
the control end of the electronic expansion valve is connected with the electric control distribution system, and the electronic expansion valve is used for reducing the pressure of the low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant and regulating the flow of the reduced pressure liquid refrigerant flowing through the electronic expansion valve under the control of the electric control distribution system;
the cabin evaporation type air conditioning box is used for carrying out heat exchange between the depressurized liquid refrigerant and air in the winter cabin and outputting the evaporated refrigerant;
the circulating fan is used for blowing the evaporated refrigerant into the two-stage compressor to enter the next cooling cycle.
Optionally, the air conditioning box includes: the air conditioner comprises a box body, an air conditioner air inlet, a drain pipe, an electric heater, a heat exchanger, an air conditioner fan and an air conditioner air outlet;
the air conditioner air inlet and the air conditioner air outlet are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the box body; the drain pipe is arranged below the air inlet of the air conditioner; the electric heater, the heat exchanger and the air conditioner fan are sequentially arranged in the box body between the air conditioner air inlet and the air conditioner air outlet;
the electric heater is used for heating air entering the air inlet of the air conditioner;
the heat exchanger is used for adjusting the temperature of the heated air, generating condensed water at the same time, and discharging the generated condensed water through the drain pipe;
the air conditioner fan is used for blowing the air with the temperature adjusted into the winter cabin through the air outlet of the air conditioner.
Optionally, the humidification system includes: a steam generator and a humidifying nozzle;
the steam generator is connected with the humidifying spray pipe, and the outlet of the humidifying spray pipe is arranged at the air outlet of the air conditioning system.
Optionally, the sunlight simulation system includes: a mobile lamp holder and a lighting fixture;
the lighting lamp is arranged on the movable lamp bracket;
the electric control power distribution system is connected with the control end of the lighting lamp, and the lighting lamp is used for adjusting the illumination intensity inside the winter cabin to the preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a test cabin body for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale sample, an air conditioning system is used for adjusting the temperature in a winter cabin to a preset temperature under the control of an electric control power distribution system, a humidifying system is used for adjusting the humidity in the winter cabin to a preset humidity under the control of the electric control power distribution system, a sunlight simulation system is used for adjusting the illumination intensity in the winter cabin to the preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system, and a snowfall system is used for simulating the preset snowfall intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system, so that the large-scale environmental conditions of low temperature, snowfall, sunshine and snow melting in winter can be simulated, different occurrence winter environmental conditions can be simulated in the cabin body by the full-scale style or the large-scale style, and the winter climate conditions can be simulated or reduced more accurately by using equipment to the greatest extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a test chamber for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale sample provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural connection diagram of the fresh air system provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an injection system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural connection diagram of the pure water purifying system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a refrigerating unit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioning case according to the present invention.
Symbol description: 1 winter cabin, 2 electric control distribution system, 3 circuit protection system, 4 control and feedback system, 5 air conditioning system, 6 fresh air system, 6-1 cabin air inlet, 6-2 equipment room air inlet, 6-3 cabin air outlet, 7 sunshine simulation system, 8 humidification system, 9 refrigerating unit, 9-1 condenser, 9-2 reservoir, 9-3 oil circulation loop, 9-4 double-stage compressor, 9-5 economizer, 9-6 electronic expansion valve, 9-7 cabin evaporative air conditioning box and circulating fan, 10 air conditioning box, 10-1 air conditioning air inlet, 10-2 drain pipe, 10-3 electric heater, 10-4 temperature protector, 10-5 heat exchanger, 10-6 air conditioning fan, 10-7 humidifying spray pipes, 10-8 air-conditioning air outlets, 11 snowfall systems, 11-1 top plate mounting frames, 11-2 snowfall pipe moving brackets, 11-3 linear slide rail units, 11-4 snowfall spray nozzle mounting plates, 11-5 synchronous driving motors, 11-6 couplings, 12 front cooling sections, 13 rotating wheel dehumidification sections, 14 rear cooling sections, 15 moving lamp brackets, 16 lighting lamps, 17 pure water purifying systems, 17-1 raw water tanks, 17-2 raw water pumps, 17-3 mechanical filters, 17-4 active carbon filters, 17-5 water softeners, 17-6 ion exchange membranes, 17-7 pure water tanks, 17-8 temperature controllers, 17-9 pure water pumps, 17-10 electronic flow meters, 17-11 snowfall nozzles and 18 spraying systems.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a test cabin for simulating a winter climate erosion full-scale sample, which can simulate large-scale environmental conditions of low temperature, snowfall, sunlight and snow melting in winter, and realize that full-scale patterns or large-scale patterns simulate different occurrence winter environmental conditions in the cabin, so that the winter climate conditions can be simulated or restored more accurately by using equipment to the greatest extent.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
In order to realize that a full-scale pattern or a larger-scale pattern simulates different occurrence winter environmental conditions in a cabin, the winter climate conditions are simulated or restored more accurately by utilizing equipment to the greatest extent, the erosion action mechanism of a sample in the environments of different winter conditions is comprehensively disclosed, and the whole processes of sample erosion disease development and material aging failure are quantitatively captured, the invention provides a test cabin 1 for simulating the winter climate erosion full-scale sample, as shown in fig. 1, the test cabin 1 comprises: winter cabin 1, air conditioning system 5, humidification system 8, sunshine analog system 7, snowfall system 11 and automatically controlled distribution system 2.
The winter cabin 1 is a closed cavity. The air conditioning system 5, the humidifying system 8, the sunlight simulating system 7 and the snowfall system 11 are all connected with the electric control power distribution system 2. The air conditioning system 5 is used for adjusting the temperature inside the winter tank 1 to a preset temperature under the control of the electric control distribution system 2. The humidifying system 8 is used for adjusting the humidity inside the winter tank 1 to a preset humidity under the control of the electric control power distribution system 2. The sunlight simulation system 7 is used for adjusting the illumination intensity inside the winter cabin 1 to a preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system 2. The snowfall system 11 is used to simulate a preset snowfall intensity under control of the electronic control power distribution system 2.
All the configurations in fig. 1 are applied to the winter cabin 1, and in order to achieve the effect of simulating the winter climate conditions, the electric control power distribution system 2, the air conditioning system 5, the fresh air system 6, the sunlight simulation system 7, the humidifying system 8 and the snowfall system 11 are mutually matched so that the winter climate conditions formed in the winter cabin 1 reach dynamic balance.
(1) Winter tank 1
The cabin body includes: cabin structure, heat preservation material, cabin lighting facilities, electric gate. Wherein the geometric dimension of the cabin body is 7.5m long, 6.0m wide and 5.5m high; in order to ensure the appearance and the heat insulation effect of the cabin board, the cabin board adopts a polyurethane sandwich board, the surface of the cabin board adopts galvanized steel sheet surface spraying, and the thickness of the steel sheet is 0.6mm; the inner surface adopts a stainless steel plate, and the thickness of the steel plate is 0.6mm; the middle heat-insulating layer is a polyurethane foaming heat-insulating plate with the thickness of 100mm, so that effective heat insulation can be ensured; the lighting in the cabin adopts explosion-proof floodlights, and the explosion-proof floodlights are used in a staggered manner by two groups of control; the cabin door adopts an electric gate, photoelectric sensors are arranged on two sides of the cabin door, if an object passes through the cabin door, the electric signal can be blocked, and the closing gate can automatically return to an open state.
(2) Air conditioning system 5
The air conditioning system 5 includes: a refrigerating unit 9 and an air conditioning box 10. The refrigerating unit 9 is arranged in a machine room and comprises two Bizer screw hydraulic presses, and the refrigerant is R404. The air conditioning box 10 is hoisted at the top of the outer cabin of the laboratory, and the temperature in the cabin is dynamically balanced by simultaneously operating refrigeration and heating and simultaneously adjusting the refrigeration and the heating in order to keep the temperature in the cabin stable in the operation process of the laboratory. The air conditioning box 10 consists of an air inlet, an electric heater 10-3, a temperature protector 10-4, a heat exchanger 10-5, an air conditioning fan 10-6, a humidifying spray pipe 10-7, an air conditioning air outlet 10-8, a drain pipe 10-2 and the like. The air enters the air conditioning box 10, firstly flows through the electric heater 10-3 and the heat exchanger 10-5, is pumped out by a fan, and is blown into the experiment cabin through the humidifying spray pipe 10-7. The temperature protector 10-4 is installed on the electric heating air outlet side, the alarm temperature is generally set to 90 ℃, and if the temperature is higher than the value, the air conditioner 10 is immediately stopped in an alarm mode, so that the fire disaster caused by the overhigh temperature is prevented. The glycol in the heat exchanger 10-5 is cooled by the indirect cooling system, a large amount of condensed water exists in the glycol flowing through the heat exchanger 10-5, and the drain pipe 10-2 is arranged at the bottom of the air conditioning box 10, so that the condensed water can be timely discharged.
The refrigerating unit 9 and the air conditioning box 10 are connected with the electric control power distribution system 2. The electric control power distribution system 2 is used for controlling the refrigerating unit 9 to reduce the temperature in the winter cabin 1, and the air conditioning box 10 is used for increasing the temperature in the winter cabin 1 so as to adjust the temperature in the winter cabin 1 to a preset temperature.
Referring to fig. 5, the refrigerating unit 9 includes: the system comprises a two-stage compressor 9-4, a condenser 9-1, a liquid reservoir 9-2, an oil circulation loop 9-3, an economizer 9-5, an electronic expansion valve 9-6, an in-cabin evaporative air conditioning box and a circulating fan 9-7. The two-stage compressor 9-4, the condenser 9-1, the liquid reservoir 9-2, the oil circulation loop 9-3, the economizer 9-5, the electronic expansion valve 9-6, the cabin evaporative air conditioning box and the circulating fan 9-7 are connected end to end in sequence according to the flow direction of the refrigerant. The two-stage compressor 9-4 is used to accelerate the refrigerant in the vapor state and then convert the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The condenser 9-1 is used for releasing heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the cooled liquid refrigerant is obtained and conveyed to the liquid storage 9-2 for storage. The economizer 9-5 and the oil circulation circuit 9-3 are used for cooling the cooled liquid refrigerant again to obtain a low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The control end of the electronic expansion valve 9-6 is connected with the electric control distribution system 2, the electronic expansion valve 9-6 is used for reducing the pressure of the low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the flow of the reduced pressure liquid refrigerant flowing through the electronic expansion valve 9-6 is regulated under the control of the electric control distribution system 2. The cabin evaporative air conditioning unit 10 is configured to exchange heat between the depressurized liquid refrigerant and air in the winter cabin 1, and output the vaporized refrigerant. The circulating fan is used for blowing the evaporated refrigerant into the two-stage compressor 9-4 to enter the next cooling cycle.
The specific working process of the refrigerating unit 9 is as follows: the refrigerant of the refrigerating unit 9 is R404, the low-temperature and low-pressure R404 refrigerant in the loop passes through the two-stage compressor 9-4 at first, the R404 refrigerant in a steam state is converted into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid after being accelerated, the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid leaves the two-stage compressor 9-4, the high-temperature and high-pressure R404 liquid passes through the coil of the condenser 9-1 to release heat, the temperature of the R404 is reduced to about 40 ℃ and leaves the condenser 9-1, the R404 refrigerant enters the liquid storage 9-2, the economizer 9-5 utilizes the refrigerating effect of the oil circulation loop 9-3 to cool the R404 in the loop again, the temperature of the R404 refrigerant is reduced to about 1.8 ℃, the pressure of the R404 is in a low-temperature and high-pressure state when the R404 refrigerant flows through the electronic expansion valve 9-6, and meanwhile, the pressure of the R404 can be reduced very rapidly by controlling the flow of the liquid through the electronic expansion valve 9-6 by commanding the control of the flow. R404 flows out of the electronic expansion valve 9-6 and then enters the cabin evaporative air conditioning box and the circulating fan 9-7 to exchange heat with the cabin air, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the indoor temperature. R404 flowing through the cabin evaporative air conditioning box and the circulating fan 9-7 is converted into a low-temperature low-pressure state, and the two-stage compressor 9-4 is ready to enter the next cooling cycle.
Referring to fig. 6, the air conditioning case 10 includes: the air conditioner comprises a box body, an air conditioner air inlet 10-1, a drain pipe 10-2, an electric heater 10-3, a heat exchanger 10-5, an air conditioner fan 10-6 and an air conditioner air outlet 10-8. The air conditioner air inlet 10-1 and the air conditioner air outlet 10-8 are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the box body. The drain pipe 10-2 is disposed below the air conditioner air inlet 10-1. The electric heater 10-3, the heat exchanger 10-5 and the air conditioner fan 10-6 are sequentially arranged in the box body between the air conditioner air inlet 10-1 and the air conditioner air outlet 10-8. The electric heater 10-3 is used for heating air entering the air conditioner air inlet 10-1. The heat exchanger 10-5 is used for temperature-adjusting the heated air while generating condensed water, and discharging the generated condensed water through the drain pipe 10-2. The air conditioner fan 10-6 is used for blowing the air with the temperature adjusted into the interior of the winter cabin 1 through the air conditioner air outlet 10-8.
The specific working process of the air conditioning box 10 is as follows: the temperature control is mainly realized through the electric heater 10-3 and the heat exchanger 10-5, air firstly enters the air conditioning box 10 through the air inlet, the air can be heated through the electric heater 10-3, the electric heating air outlet side is also provided with the temperature protector 10-4, the alarm temperature is generally set to 90 ℃, the system temperature can be protected from being overhigh through the device, if the temperature is higher than the set value, the air conditioning box 10 immediately alarms and stops, and the fire disaster caused by overhigh temperature is prevented. The temperature of the air is regulated by the heat exchanger 10-5 after being heated by the electric heater 10-3, the heat exchanger 10-5 is filled with glycol solution, and a large amount of condensed water is generated when the glycol solution flows through the heat exchanger 10-5, and then the condensed water is discharged by the drain pipe 10-2 arranged at the bottom of the air conditioning box 10. The air with the regulated temperature is blown into the cabin through the air outlet by the fan. The air outlet is connected with a humidifying spray pipe 10-7 of a humidifying system 8, and humidified air can be blown into the winter cabin 1 together.
(3) Fresh air system 6
As shown in fig. 2, the fresh air system 6 includes: a front cooling section 12, a rotary dehumidification section 13 and a rear cooling section 14. When the fresh air enters the front cooling section 12, the front cooling coil is firstly used for dehumidification, then enters the dehumidifier for rotating wheel dehumidification, the fresh air is in a high-temperature low-humidity state after passing through the dehumidifier, and the rear cooling section 14 is used for cooling the fresh air to reduce the heat load in the cabin. The air inlet of the fresh air system 6 consists of two parts, wherein one part is used for exhausting air from the cabin, and the other part is used for exhausting air from the equipment room so as to ensure that the pressure in the cabin is always slightly positive.
The fresh air system 6 is connected with the electric control power distribution system 2, and the fresh air system 6 is used for maintaining circulation of gas in the cabin and keeping pressure in the cabin 1 slightly positive in winter under control of the electric control power distribution system 2.
The fresh air system 6 includes: the device comprises an in-cabin air inlet 6-1, an inter-device air inlet 6-2, a front cooling section 12, a rotary dehumidification section 13, a rear cooling section 14 and an in-cabin air outlet 6-3. The cabin air inlet 6-1 and the equipment room air inlet 6-2 are both connected with a front cooling section 12, and the front cooling section 12 is used for dehumidifying the air extracted from the cabin 1 by the cabin air inlet 6-1 and the air extracted from the equipment room by the equipment room air inlet 6-2. The front cooling section 12 is connected with the rotating wheel dehumidification section 13, and the rotating wheel dehumidification section 13 is used for rotating wheel dehumidification of the air dehumidified by the front cooling section 12 to obtain high-temperature low-humidity air. The rotating wheel dehumidifying section 13 is connected with the rear cooling section 14, the rear cooling section 14 is connected with the cabin air outlet 6-3, and the rear cooling section 14 is used for cooling high-temperature low-humidity air and blowing the cooled high-temperature low-humidity air into the winter cabin 1 through the cabin air outlet 6-3.
The fresh air system 6 mainly serves to maintain circulation of the cabin air and to make the cabin pressure slightly greater than the cabin external pressure. The specific working process of the fresh air system 6 is as follows: the fresh air system 6 is used for maintaining slight positive pressure in the cabin, and meanwhile, air inlets, namely an in-cabin air inlet 6-1 and an in-equipment air inlet 6-2 are formed in the cabin and in equipment, air entering the fresh air system 6 firstly passes through the front cooling section 12 to primarily dehumidify the air entering the fresh air system 6, then the air passing through the rotating wheel dehumidification section 13 is further dehumidified through the rotating wheel dehumidification section 13, the air passing through the rotating wheel dehumidification section 13 is in a high-temperature low-humidity state, and then the fresh air is cooled through the rear cooling section 14 to reduce the heat load in the cabin. Finally, the air is blown into the cabin through the cabin air outlet 6-3.
(4) Sunlight simulation system 7
The sunlight simulation system 7 consists of a movable lamp holder 15 and a lighting lamp 16, wherein the bottom of the movable lamp holder 15 is provided with two limiting parts, if the system fails, the lamp holder continues to be lowered, and when the lamp holder encounters the limiting parts, the operation can be automatically stopped, and only the lamp holder can move in the opposite direction.
The lighting fixture 16 is provided on the movable lamp holder 15. The electric control power distribution system 2 is connected with a control end of the lighting lamp 16, and the lighting lamp 16 is used for adjusting the illumination intensity inside the winter cabin 1 to a preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system 2.
(5) Snowfall system 11
The snowfall system 11 is provided with 3 groups of snowfall spray heads, the spray heads are arranged on a horizontal moving mechanism and can move left and right along the horizontal direction of the winter cabin 1, wherein the middle spray heads are relatively fixed, and the spray heads on two sides can be increased and reduced in distance according to actual requirements. In order to avoid uneven straightness of a driving shaft, the snowfall system 11 is provided with the coupling 11-6 in the middle of the shaft, so that unbalanced torsion of the shaft can be effectively reduced. In order to avoid the breakage of the driving shaft caused by the clamping of the moving mechanism, an encoder is arranged on the driving shaft, and the encoder on the driving shaft immediately stops running after the motor sends out the running signal for 2 seconds if the running signal of the rotating shaft is not received.
The snowfall system 11 includes: pure water purification System 17 As shown in FIG. 4, the pure water purification System 17 comprises a raw water tank 17-1, a raw water pump 17-2, a mechanical filter 17-3, an activated carbon filter 17-4, a water softener 17-5, an ion exchange membrane 17-6, a pure water tank 17-7, a temperature controller 17-8, a pure water pump 17-9, an electronic flowmeter 17-10, and a snow-reducing nozzle 17-11. The raw water tank 17-1, the raw water pump 17-2, the mechanical filter 17-3, the activated carbon filter 17-4, the water softener 17-5, the ion exchange membrane 17-6, the pure water tank 17-7, the pure water pump 17-9, the electronic flowmeter 17-10 and the snow reducing nozzle 17-11 are sequentially connected according to the water flow direction. The temperature controller 17-8 is connected with the pure water tank 17-7, and the temperature controller 17-8 is used for controlling the temperature of the pure water in the pure water tank 17-7. The control end of the electronic flowmeter 17-10 is connected with the electric control power distribution system 2, the electronic flowmeter 17-10 is used for transmitting pure water in the pure water tank 17-7 to the snowfall nozzle 17-11 according to the preset flow and the preset flow rate of the electric control power distribution system 2, and snowflakes are generated by the snowfall nozzle 17-11 and sprayed into the winter cabin 1.
The specific working process of the pure water purifying system 17 is as follows: after the raw water tank 17-1 is filled with water, raw water is pumped to the mechanical filter 17-3, the activated carbon filter 17-4, the water softener 17-5 and the ion exchanger by the raw water pump 17-2, pure water is obtained through layer-by-layer filtration and ion exchange and stored in the pure water tank 17-7, the temperature controller 17-8 in the pure water tank 17-7 can control the temperature of the prepared pure water, the crystal structure is convenient to quickly form during snowfall, pure water can be extracted from the pure water tank 17-7 when the snowfall system 11 operates, the electronic flowmeter 17-10 controls the flow and the flow rate according to the preset value input by a computer terminal, the pure water is finally conveyed to the snowfall nozzle 17-11 through a pipeline, and tiny liquid water drops are quickly crystallized to generate snowfall by utilizing the low temperature of air.
The snowfall system 11 further includes: the injection system 18, as shown in fig. 3, the injection system 18 includes two linear slide rail units 11-3, a snowfall pipe moving bracket 11-2, a snowfall head mounting plate 11-4, a synchronous drive motor 11-5, and a plurality of roof mounting frames 11-1. Two ends of the snowfall nozzle mounting plate 11-4 are respectively and slidably mounted on the two linear slide rail units 11-3. The snowfall nozzle 17-11 is provided on the snowfall head mounting plate 11-4. The snowfall pipe moving bracket 11-2 is provided on one of the linear slide rail units 11-3. The snowfall pipe moving bracket 11-2 and the two linear slide rail units 11-3 are fixed to the top of the winter tank 1 by a plurality of roof mounting brackets 11-1. The sliding end of the snowfall nozzle mounting plate 11-4 is connected with the driving shaft of the synchronous driving motor 11-5.
(6) Electric control power distribution system 2
The electric control power distribution system 2 mainly comprises a circuit protection system 3 and a control and feedback system 4. Is a control system for realizing various environmental conditions of the cabin.
The circuit protection system 3 has protection functions for the air conditioning system 5, the fresh air system 6, the sunlight simulation system 7, the humidifying system 8 and the snowfall system 11, and prevents accidents such as overload, short circuit, out-of-control instrument operation and the like of the circuits of the systems.
The control and feedback system 4 has control functions on the air conditioning system 5, the fresh air system 6, the sunlight simulation system 7, the humidifying system 8 and the snowfall system 11, wherein the air conditioning system 5, the fresh air system 6 and the humidifying system 8 are all closed feedback systems, namely, the current data are dynamically observed and obtained after the preset value is input and fed back to the control system, when the obtained feedback data do not meet the input preset value, the system continues to work and detect so that the measured data are continuously close to the preset value, otherwise, when the obtained feedback data meet the input preset value, the system enters a waiting mode until the detected feedback data do not meet the preset value, and the system enters a re-working state.
The control and feedback system 4 has a control method of combining unidirectional feedback and a closed feedback mechanism to the control functions of the sunlight simulation system 7 and the snowfall system 11, wherein the unidirectional feedback is that the system outputs according to the rated amount of the instruction value after inputting the preset value, and the receiving monitoring value does not compare with the preset value to dynamically adjust the output quantity. The solar simulation system 7 can be set as either a unidirectional feedback or a closed feedback.
(6) Humidification system 8
The humidification system 8 includes: a steam generator and a humidifying nozzle 10-7. The steam generator is connected with a humidifying spray pipe 10-7, and the outlet of the humidifying spray pipe 10-7 is arranged at the air outlet of the air conditioning system 5.
The main technical parameters of the winter tank are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 winter cabin technical parameters
According to the invention, a closed space is realized through a cabin structure, different simulation environments such as snowfall, low temperature, illumination and the like are realized through the work of an air conditioning system 5, a humidifying system 8, a fresh air system 6, a sunlight simulation system 7 and a snowfall system 11, environmental control parameters such as temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, snowfall intensity and the like in the cabin are input through an electric control power distribution part, and whether a work doing system needs work is regulated through a control and feedback system so as to meet parameter requirements. Realizing the artificial simulation of the winter climate conditions in the natural environment. The invention breaks through the limitation of environmental simulation, realizes the large-space control of low temperature, snowfall, illumination and high humidity in winter, can be used for large-scale simulation experiments of disease development, material aging and measure failure of the full-scale sample under the winter environmental condition, provides new simulation environmental conditions for the full-scale environmental degradation simulation experiment, and also provides a new thought for research and engineering application in the field of cultural relics protection.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The device has strong controllability, the main control indexes such as the internal temperature, humidity, snow fall and the like of the cabin can be accurately tested by utilizing the probe of the cabin, and different environmental conditions are adjusted and simulated by the numerical control device, so that the on-site winter temperature (-30 ℃ -20 ℃ +/-0.5 ℃) and snow fall (5 mm/h-20 mm/h+/-0.5 mm/h) with uniformity more than 80 percent are realized, and sunlight (600W/m) is realized 2 20%) of the total control.
(2) The indoor environment has strong controllability, high uniformity, scientific and standard operation and relatively improved efficiency.
(3) The energy and resource systems are double systems, so that the uninterrupted execution of tasks in the test process is ensured.
(4) The large-scale experimental simulation experiment work is convenient. The environment coverage is wide, the adjustable gap is small, the operation is simple, the automatic control and monitoring are completely realized, and the winter environment condition simulation of different areas is basically realized. Has wide application prospect in the aspect of protection research.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In summary, the present description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A test pod for simulating a winter climate attack full-scale specimen, the test pod comprising: winter cabin, air conditioning system, humidification system, sunshine simulation system, snowfall system and electric control distribution system;
the winter cabin is a closed cavity;
the air conditioning system, the humidifying system, the sunlight simulating system and the snowfall system are all connected with the electric control power distribution system;
the air conditioning system is used for adjusting the temperature inside the winter cabin to a preset temperature under the control of the electric control power distribution system;
the humidifying system is used for adjusting the humidity inside the winter cabin to a preset humidity under the control of the electric control power distribution system;
the sunlight simulation system is used for adjusting the illumination intensity in the winter cabin to a preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system so as to simulate the environmental conditions of sunshine and snow melting in winter;
the snowfall system is used for simulating preset snowfall strength under the control of the electric control power distribution system;
the snowfall system includes: raw water tank, raw water pump, mechanical filter, active carbon filter, water softener, ion exchange membrane, pure water tank, temperature controller, pure water pump, electronic flowmeter and snowfall nozzle;
the raw water tank, the raw water pump, the mechanical filter, the activated carbon filter, the water softener, the ion exchange membrane, the pure water tank, the pure water pump, the electronic flowmeter and the snowing nozzle are sequentially connected according to the water flow direction;
the temperature controller is connected with the pure water tank and is used for controlling the temperature of the pure water in the pure water tank;
the control end of the electronic flowmeter is connected with the electric control power distribution system, and the electronic flowmeter is used for transmitting pure water in the pure water tank to the snowfall nozzle according to the preset flow and the preset flow rate of the electric control power distribution system and generating snowflakes to be sprayed into the winter cabin by using the snowfall nozzle;
the air conditioning system includes: a refrigerating unit and an air conditioning box;
the refrigerating unit and the air conditioning box are connected with the electric control power distribution system;
the electric control power distribution system is used for controlling the refrigerating unit to reduce the temperature in the winter cabin, and the air conditioning box is used for increasing the temperature in the winter cabin so as to adjust the temperature in the winter cabin to a preset temperature;
the refrigerating unit comprises: the system comprises a two-stage compressor, a condenser, a liquid reservoir, an oil circulation loop, an economizer, an electronic expansion valve, an in-cabin evaporative air-conditioning box and a circulating fan;
the two-stage compressor, the condenser, the liquid reservoir, the oil circulation loop, the economizer, the electronic expansion valve, the cabin evaporative air-conditioning box and the circulating fan are sequentially connected end to end according to the flow direction of the refrigerant;
the two-stage compressor is used for converting the refrigerant in the vapor state into high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant after accelerating;
the condenser is used for releasing heat of the high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the cooled liquid refrigerant is obtained and conveyed to the liquid accumulator for storage;
the economizer and the oil circulation loop are used for cooling the cooled liquid refrigerant again to obtain a low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant;
the control end of the electronic expansion valve is connected with the electric control distribution system, and the electronic expansion valve is used for reducing the pressure of the low-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant and regulating the flow of the reduced pressure liquid refrigerant flowing through the electronic expansion valve under the control of the electric control distribution system;
the cabin evaporation type air conditioning box is used for carrying out heat exchange between the depressurized liquid refrigerant and air in the winter cabin and outputting the evaporated refrigerant;
the circulating fan is used for blowing the evaporated refrigerant into the two-stage compressor to enter the next cooling cycle;
the air conditioning case includes: the air conditioner comprises a box body, an air conditioner air inlet, a drain pipe, an electric heater, a heat exchanger, an air conditioner fan and an air conditioner air outlet;
the air conditioner air inlet and the air conditioner air outlet are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the box body; the drain pipe is arranged below the air inlet of the air conditioner; the electric heater, the heat exchanger and the air conditioner fan are sequentially arranged in the box body between the air conditioner air inlet and the air conditioner air outlet;
the electric heater is used for heating air entering the air inlet of the air conditioner;
the heat exchanger is used for adjusting the temperature of the heated air, generating condensed water at the same time, and discharging the generated condensed water through the drain pipe;
the air conditioner fan is used for blowing the air with the temperature adjusted into the winter cabin through the air outlet of the air conditioner.
2. The test pod for simulating a winter climate attack full-scale specimen of claim 1, further comprising: a fresh air system;
the fresh air system is connected with the electric control power distribution system and is used for maintaining circulation of gas in the cabin and keeping pressure in the cabin slightly positive pressure in winter under control of the electric control power distribution system.
3. The test chamber for simulating winter climate attack full-scale test specimens of claim 2, wherein the fresh air system comprises: an in-cabin air inlet, an inter-equipment air inlet, a front cooling section, a rotating wheel dehumidifying section, a rear cooling section and an in-cabin air outlet;
the cabin air inlet and the equipment air inlet are connected with a front cooling section, and the front cooling section is used for dehumidifying air extracted from the cabin interior by the cabin air inlet and air extracted from the equipment by the equipment air inlet;
the front cooling section is connected with the rotating wheel dehumidification section, and the rotating wheel dehumidification section is used for rotating wheel dehumidification of the air dehumidified by the front cooling section to obtain high-temperature low-humidity air;
the rotating wheel dehumidifying section is connected with the rear cooling section, the rear cooling section is connected with an air outlet in the cabin, and the rear cooling section is used for cooling high-temperature low-humidity air and blowing the cooled high-temperature low-humidity air into the winter cabin through the air outlet in the cabin.
4. The test chamber for simulating winter climate attack full-scale specimen of claim 1, wherein the snowfall system further comprises: the device comprises two linear slide rail units, a snowfall pipe moving bracket, a snowfall spray nozzle mounting plate, a synchronous driving motor and a plurality of top plate mounting frames;
two ends of the snowfall spray mounting plate are respectively and slidably arranged on the two linear slide rail units; the snowfall nozzle is arranged on the snowfall nozzle mounting plate; the snowfall pipe moving bracket is arranged on one of the linear slide rail units; the snowfall pipe moving bracket and the two linear slide rail units are fixed on the top of the winter cabin through a plurality of top plate mounting frames;
the sliding end of the snowfall spray mounting plate is connected with a driving shaft of the synchronous driving motor.
5. The test chamber for simulating winter climate attack full-scale specimen of claim 1, wherein the humidification system comprises: a steam generator and a humidifying nozzle;
the steam generator is connected with the humidifying spray pipe, and the outlet of the humidifying spray pipe is arranged at the air outlet of the air conditioning system.
6. The test capsule for simulating winter climate attack full-scale specimens of claim 1, wherein the sunlight simulation system comprises: a mobile lamp holder and a lighting fixture;
the lighting lamp is arranged on the movable lamp bracket;
the electric control power distribution system is connected with the control end of the lighting lamp, and the lighting lamp is used for adjusting the illumination intensity inside the winter cabin to the preset illumination intensity under the control of the electric control power distribution system.
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