CN114279813A - Rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance and use method - Google Patents
Rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114279813A CN114279813A CN202111597910.9A CN202111597910A CN114279813A CN 114279813 A CN114279813 A CN 114279813A CN 202111597910 A CN202111597910 A CN 202111597910A CN 114279813 A CN114279813 A CN 114279813A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 155
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 155
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 208000029154 Narrow face Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
A rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance and a use method thereof comprise a lower disc shear block; lower wall shear block, the hanging wall shear block that contains the disturbance pole, separation roll gliding style side direction increased pressure board I and separation roll gliding style side direction increased pressure board II set up in turn and arrange and form the test piece installation cavity on sliding base, and rock structure face test piece is located the test piece installation cavity, rock structure face test piece upper surface department is arranged in to the top pressure head, and normal direction deformation measurement unit installs between top pressure head and sliding base, and tangential deformation measurement unit installs between lower wall shear block and hanging wall shear block, and lateral deformation measurement unit installs between separation roll gliding style side direction increased pressure board I and separation roll gliding style side direction increased pressure board II. The invention eliminates the friction on the separated rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate caused by shearing dislocation and normal deformation in the test of the rock structural surface test piece, and simultaneously, all parts of the shearing box are separated so that the disturbance in all directions is not interfered with each other, thereby ensuring the application effect of the disturbance load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics tests, and particularly relates to a rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance and a use method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of human activities towards deep underground and the increasing demand for deep resources, a large number of deep underground projects are continuously built, and deep resource energy sources are developed in succession, such as large underground powerhouses and diversion tunnels of hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, deep traffic tunnels of roads, deep underground nuclear waste disposal warehouses, kilometer deep well mining and the like. The deep engineering rock mass is in a true three-dimensional stress state or even a high stress state, meanwhile, the engineering is in a relatively complex geological environment, a large number of structural surfaces such as bedding, joints, fracture and the like exist in the rock mass, and dynamic disturbance actions such as blasting, excavation unloading and the like in engineering construction easily induce the structural surfaces to be damaged, so that engineering disasters such as structural rock burst, stress structural collapse and the like are caused. Therefore, the research on the shearing characteristics of the rock mass structural plane under the true triaxial dynamic disturbance is very important.
At present, most of the shear characteristic researches of rock mass structural planes are concentrated on static direct shear tests, and the static direct shear tests can only apply normal stress and shear stress and cannot apply lateral stress. The static shear test of the rock mass structural plane under the condition of true triaxial stress is rarely researched, the related three-dimensional rock mass structural plane shear test mechanism cannot meet the working condition that the research lateral pressure is greater than the normal stress, and the shear test mechanism under the condition of true triaxial dynamic disturbance is still less to be developed. The shear test mechanism under true triaxial power disturbance must overcome the following problems: firstly, the shearing box and the loading device have larger sliding friction caused by the dislocation of the upper and lower discs of the structural surface due to shearing deformation during the test; meanwhile, the structural surface upper and lower discs are dislocated with each other and deformed in the normal direction in the shearing process, so that the shearing direction and normal direction friction of the structural surface test piece and the lateral pressing block is caused to a certain extent, and a larger test error is caused due to the existence of friction force; secondly, the normal direction and the shearing direction of the existing shearing box are integrated structures, if normal direction or shearing direction disturbance is carried out, shearing force or normal friction force needs to be overcome, and stress which should act on the rock due to dynamic disturbance is weakened; meanwhile, for the disturbance in a single direction, the influence of the disturbance in another direction is caused, and a test error is caused. Based on the above, the invention provides a rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance and a using method thereof, so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock structural surface separation rolling type shearing box under true triaxial disturbance and a using method thereof, which can eliminate the friction on a separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate caused by shearing dislocation and normal deformation during a rock structural surface test piece test and improve the accuracy of test data; the mode that the upper disc shear block is matched with the upper pressure head and the sliding base is adopted, so that all parts are separated, and the disturbance in all directions is not interfered with each other.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shearing box under true triaxial disturbance comprises an upper pressure head, a lower disc shearing block, an upper disc shearing block with a disturbance rod, a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I, a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II, a sliding base, a normal deformation measuring assembly, a tangential deformation measuring assembly and a lateral deformation measuring assembly; the lower disc shear block, the upper disc shear block, the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II are alternately arranged on the sliding base to form a test piece mounting cavity, the upper disc shear block and the lower disc shear block are arranged oppositely, the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II are arranged oppositely, a rock structure surface test piece is placed on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base, and the rock structural surface test piece is positioned in the test piece mounting cavity, the upper pressure head is arranged on the upper surface of the rock structural surface test piece, the normal deformation measuring component penetrates through the upper disc shear block and is fixed between the upper pressure head and the sliding base, the tangential deformation measuring component is fixedly arranged between the lower disc shearing block and the upper disc shearing block, and the lateral deformation measuring component penetrates through the upper disc shearing block and is fixedly arranged between the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II.
A vertical round hole is formed in the center of the upper pressure head, and a cylindrical T-shaped disturbance head is arranged in the vertical round hole.
The separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II have the same structure and are mirror images of each other, and each of the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II comprises a main plate, an attached plate I, an attached plate II, steel balls, steel ball retaining strips, long steel ball cover plates and short steel ball cover plates, the middle part of the upper surface of the main plate is connected with the steel ball retaining strips through bolts, the two ends of the upper surface of the main plate are fixedly provided with the long steel ball baffle plates which are arranged in parallel with the steel ball retaining strips, the two step surfaces which are arranged in parallel on the main plate are respectively provided with two short steel ball cover plates, screw holes and groove openings which are positioned on the same plane are alternately arranged, the protruding parts of the two groups of the short steel ball cover plates which are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other are respectively provided with the attached plate I and the attached plate II, the attached plate I and the attached plate II slide left and right under the action of the steel balls, so that the lower plate of a rock structural surface test piece moves along the shearing direction along the attached plate, and meanwhile, after the rock structural surface test piece deforms in the normal direction, the auxiliary plate can slide in the normal direction according to the normal deformation.
The sliding base comprises an underframe, a bottom plate, a steel ball clamping plate I, a steel ball clamping plate II, steel balls, a steel ball baffle I and a steel ball baffle II, the underframe is a U-shaped frame, a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the waist and the bottom end of the side wall, a groove is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the waist, the bottom frame is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a steel ball clamping plate II positioned on the inner surface of the bottom frame is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, a plurality of steel balls arranged in rows and columns are arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate II, a steel ball clamping plate I is arranged on the plurality of steel balls in a sliding way, the steel ball baffle plates on the steel ball clamping plate I and the steel ball clamping plate II limit the rolling of the steel balls, so that the steel ball clamping plate I slides along the shearing direction, therefore, the lower disc shear block and the steel ball clamping plate I of the rock structural surface test piece slide along the shearing direction integrally during the test, the upper disc shear block is arranged on the upper surface of the waist of the underframe, and the lower disc shear block is arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate I.
The chassis shear block is the same with the upper disc shear block structure, all includes big rectangular slab and little rectangular slab, fixed mounting has little rectangular slab on the wide face of big rectangular slab, and one of them long narrow face of little rectangular slab and one of them long narrow face coplane setting of big rectangular slab, and the wide face symmetry center line of big rectangular slab and the wide face symmetry center line of little rectangular slab lie in the coplanar simultaneously, and the wide face and the laminating of rock structure face test piece of little rectangular slab, the processing of the center department of the long narrow face of big rectangular slab has whole body round hole I, the processing of the center department of the short narrow face of little rectangular slab has whole body round hole II.
The use method of the rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, a sliding base is arranged on a compression-resistant cushion block of a normal actuator of a true triaxial testing machine, and a vertical through circular hole I of an upper disc shear block penetrates through a measuring rod of a normal deformation measuring assembly fixedly arranged on the sliding base to be arranged on the sliding base and is abutted to a fixed end of the true triaxial testing machine for lateral loading;
step 4, after normal prepressing is completed, respectively aligning and placing the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II on two sides of the rock structural surface test piece, respectively vertically arranging the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II on two sides of the upper disc shearing block, installing a lateral deformation measuring assembly, and further applying lateral prepressing force;
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention discloses a rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shearing box used under true triaxial power disturbance, which adopts a mode that an upper disc shearing block is matched with an upper pressure head and a sliding base to separate each part so that the disturbance in each direction is not interfered with each other; the steel balls are arranged in the sliding base, so that the steel ball clamping plate on the upper part of the sliding base can slide along the shearing direction, and the friction between the sliding base and loading equipment is eliminated; in addition, the separated rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate of the device adopts a structure of the main plate and the auxiliary plates, and the two auxiliary plates slide left and right and up and down through the steel balls arranged between the main plate and the auxiliary plates, so that the friction of the lateral pressurizing plate caused by shearing dislocation and normal deformation during the test of the rock structural surface test piece is eliminated.
The invention is suitable for simulating the shearing working condition under the condition that the lateral stress is greater than the normal stress and the dynamic disturbance, greatly weakens the friction effect of the structural surface test piece due to shearing dislocation and normal deformation during the test, powerfully ensures the dynamic disturbance application effect, and has important significance for researching the shearing characteristic of the deep rock structural surface under the dynamic disturbance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rock structural plane separation rolling-sliding type shear box used under true triaxial dynamic disturbance according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a schematic structural view of a rock structural surface separation roll-slip shear box for true triaxial dynamic disturbance according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the upper ram configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a lower disk cutout of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a separating rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the separating roll-slide type lateral pressurizing plate II according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a schematic structure of a separation roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a sliding base according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the sliding base of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a normal deformation measurement assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a tangential deformation measurement assembly according to the present invention;
1-upper pressure head, 101-T type disturbing head, 102-vertical round hole, 2-lower disk shear block, 201-whole round hole I, 202-whole round hole II, 3-upper disk shear block, 4-separating rolling type lateral pressure plate I, 5-separating rolling type lateral pressure plate II, 501-main plate, 502-attached plate I, 503-attached plate II, 504-steel ball stop bar, 505-steel ball, 506-long steel ball cover plate, 507-short steel ball cover plate I, 508-screw I, 509-screw II, 510-short steel ball cover plate II, 512-short steel ball cover plate IV, 6-sliding base, 601-base frame, 602-steel ball clamp plate I, 603-base plate, 604-steel ball clamp plate II, 605-steel ball baffle plate, 606-steel ball, 607-steel ball baffle plate, 7-rock structural surface test piece, 8-normal deformation measurement component, 801-sensor bracket II, 802-LVDT sensor I, 803-measuring rod, 804-sensor bracket I, 9-tangential deformation measurement component, 901-right angle sensor support, 902-LVDT sensor II, 903-sensor attachment frame and 10-lateral deformation measurement component.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance comprises an upper pressure head 1, a lower disc shear block 2, an upper disc shear block 3 with a disturbance rod, a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate i 4, a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate ii 5, a sliding base 6, a normal deformation measuring component 8, a tangential deformation measuring component 9 and a lateral deformation measuring component 10; the lower disc shear block 2, the upper disc shear block 3, the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 are alternately arranged on the sliding base 6 to form a test piece mounting cavity, the upper disc shear block 3 is arranged opposite to the lower disc shear block 2, the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 are arranged opposite to each other, the upper disc shear block 3 is fixedly arranged on the bottom frame 601, the lower disc shear block 2 is arranged on the steel ball clamping plate I602 of the sliding base 6, the lower disc shear block 2 slides left and right along the steel ball clamping plate II 602 of the sliding base 6, the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 are arranged on the sliding base 6 and are connected with the steel ball clamping plate I602 of the sliding base 6, a rock structure surface test piece 7 is arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate I602 of the sliding base 6, and the rock structure surface test piece 7 is positioned in the test piece mounting cavity, go up pressure head 1 and arrange rock structure face test piece 7 upper surface department in, normal direction deformation measurement subassembly 8 passes logical body round hole I of hanging wall shear block 3, and one end is fixed in and installs in the lateral wall bottom of last pressure head 1, and the other end is installed on the steel ball splint I602 lateral wall of sliding bottom 6, tangential deformation measurement subassembly 9 fixed mounting is between the upper surface of lower wall shear block 2 and hanging wall shear block 3, lateral deformation measurement subassembly 10 passes logical body round hole II of hanging wall shear block 3, and both ends difference fixed mounting is between the mainboard 501 of separation roll-sliding lateral pressure board I4 and disconnect-type lateral rear pressing plate 5 II.
A vertical round hole 102 is formed in the center of the upper pressure head 1, and a cylindrical T-shaped disturbance head 101 is arranged in the vertical round hole 102.
The separating rolling sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and the separating rolling sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 have the same structure, are mirror images of each other, and respectively comprise a main plate 501, an attached plate I502, an attached plate II 503, steel balls 505, steel ball baffle strips 504, a long steel ball cover plate 506 and a short steel ball cover plate I507, wherein the middle part of the upper surface of the main plate 501 is connected with the steel ball baffle strips 504 through bolts, the two ends of the upper surface of the main plate 501 are fixedly provided with the long steel ball baffle plates 506 which are parallel to the steel ball baffle strips 504, the two step surfaces which are parallel to the main plate 501 are respectively provided with two short steel ball cover plates, the convex part of each short steel ball cover plate is lapped on the upper surface of the main plate 501, the end surface of each short steel ball cover plate is jointed with the step surface of the main plate 501, one end of the flank of each short steel ball cover plate is provided with a plurality of screw holes, the other end of each short steel ball cover plate is provided with a plurality of notch, the screw holes and the notch on the short steel ball cover plates on the same plane are alternately arranged, one step surface of the main plate 501 is provided with a short steel ball cover plate I507 and a short steel column cover plate II 510, the other step surface is provided with a short steel ball cover plate III and a short steel ball cover plate IV 512, the short steel ball cover plate I507 and the short steel ball cover plate III are arranged oppositely, the short steel ball cover plate II 510 and the short steel ball cover plate IV 512 are arranged oppositely, the short steel ball cover plate I507, the short steel ball cover plate II 510, the short steel ball cover plate III and the short steel ball cover plate IV 512 are of convex structures, one end of the short steel ball cover plate I507 on the same plane is in threaded connection with the screw I508 through a notch on the short steel ball cover plate I, one end of the short steel ball cover plate II 510 is in threaded connection with the side wall of the main plate 501 through a screw hole and a screw II 509 on the short steel ball cover plate I507, one end of the short steel ball cover plate III which is parallel to and is in threaded connection with the short steel ball cover plate I507 is in threaded connection with the side wall of the main plate 501 through a screw hole and a screw II 509 on the short steel ball cover plate II 510, one end of the short steel ball cover plate II 512 which is parallel to and is in threaded connection with the short steel ball cover plate II 510 through a notch on the screw I508 on the short steel ball cover plate I508 and one end of the short steel ball cover plate I508 on the short steel ball cover plate II 512 is in threaded connection On the side wall of the main board 501, two groups of parallel short steel bead cover plates which are arranged just opposite to each other are respectively provided with an attached plate I502 and an attached plate II 503, one end of the attached plate I502 is in bolt connection with a screw hole at the other end of a short steel bead cover plate I507 through a screw rod II 509, the other end of the attached plate I502 is in bolt connection with a notch at the other end of a short steel bead cover plate III through a screw rod I508, one end of the attached plate II 503 is in bolt connection with a notch at the other end of a short steel bead cover plate II 510 through a screw rod I508, the other end of the attached plate II 503 is in bolt connection with a screw hole at the other end of a short steel bead cover plate IV 512 through a screw rod II 509, the attached plate I502 and the attached plate II 503 realize front-back-to-back sliding under the action of steel balls, so that a lower disc of a rock structure surface test piece 7 moves along the shearing direction along with the attached plate during test, meanwhile, the attached plate can slide according to the normal deformation direction after the rock structure surface test piece 7 deforms, the screw rod I508 is a half-thread screw rod, the connection and fixation are realized by the thread part on the connecting rod, and the sliding of the attached plate is realized by the polish rod part close to the nut part.
The sliding base comprises an underframe 601, a bottom plate 603, a steel ball clamp plate I604, a steel ball clamp plate II 602, steel balls 606, a steel ball baffle plate I605 and a steel ball baffle plate II 607, the underframe 601 is a U-shaped frame, a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the waist and the bottom end of the side wall, a groove is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the waist, the underframe 601 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 603, the steel ball clamp plate II 604 positioned on the inner surface of the underframe 601 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 603, a plurality of steel balls 606 arranged in rows and columns are arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamp plate II 604, the steel ball clamp plate I602 is slidably arranged on the plurality of steel balls 606, the steel ball clamp plate I602 limits the rolling of the steel balls 606 through the steel ball baffle plates 605 on the steel ball clamp plate I602 and the steel ball clamp plate II 604, the steel ball clamp plate I602 slides along the shearing direction, and the lower disc, the lower disc shearing block 2 and the steel ball clamp plate I602 of the rock structure surface test piece 7 slide along the shearing direction during the shearing direction integrally, an upper disc shear block 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the waist of the underframe 601, and a lower disc shear block 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamp plate I602.
The lower plate shear block 2 is the same as the upper plate shear block 3 in structure and comprises a large rectangular plate and a small rectangular plate, wherein the large rectangular plate is fixedly mounted on the wide surface of the large rectangular plate, one long narrow surface of the small rectangular plate and one long narrow surface of the large rectangular plate are coplanar, the wide surface symmetrical center line of the large rectangular plate and the wide surface symmetrical center line of the small rectangular plate are located on the same plane, the wide surface of the small rectangular plate is attached to a rock structure surface test piece 7, a through circular hole I201 is processed at the center of the long narrow surface of the large rectangular plate, and a through circular hole II 202 is processed at the center of the short narrow surface of the small rectangular plate.
The normal deformation measurement component 8 and the lateral deformation measurement component 10 have the same structure and respectively comprise a sensor support I804, a sensor support II 801, an LVDT sensor I802 and a measurement rod 803; one end of the sensor support I804 is connected with one end of the measuring rod 803, one end of the LVDT sensor I802 is fixedly arranged in a through hole at one end of the sensor support II 801, the other end of the measuring rod 803 is contacted with the LVDT sensor I802, the normal deformation component is arranged between the side wall of the upper pressure head 1 and the side wall of the steel ball clamping plate I602 through the sensor support I804 and the sensor support II 801 on the normal deformation component, and the measuring rod 803 on the normal deformation component is arranged by penetrating through a through body round hole I of the upper disc shearing block 3; the lateral deformation measuring component 10 is arranged on the side walls of the main plate 501 of the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 through the sensor support I804 and the sensor support II 801 on the lateral deformation measuring component, and the measuring rod 803 on the lateral deformation measuring component is arranged through the through body round hole II 202 of the upper disc shearing member 3.
The tangential deformation measuring component 9 comprises a right-angle sensor support 901, an LVDT sensor II 902 and a sensor attachment frame 903, wherein the right-angle sensor support 901 is installed at the right angle of the lower disc shear block 2, the LVDT sensor II 902 is installed on the right-angle sensor support 901, one end of the sensor attachment frame 903 is installed on the upper surface of the upper disc shear block 3, and the other end of the sensor attachment frame 903 is in contact with the LVDT sensor II 902.
The use method of the rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shear box under true triaxial disturbance comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, a sliding base 6 is placed on a compression-resistant cushion block of a normal actuator of a true triaxial testing machine, and a vertical through round hole I201 of an upper disc shear block 3 penetrates through a measuring rod 803 of a normal deformation measuring assembly 8 which is fixedly installed on the sliding base 6 to be placed on the sliding base 6 and abuts against a fixed end of the true triaxial testing machine for lateral loading;
step 4, after normal pre-pressing is completed, respectively aligning and placing a separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and a separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 at two sides of a rock structural surface test piece 7, respectively vertically arranging the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I4 and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II 5 at two sides of an upper disc shearing block 3, installing a lateral deformation measuring assembly 10, and further applying lateral pre-pressing force;
Claims (6)
1. A rock structural surface separation rolling-sliding type shearing box under true triaxial disturbance is characterized by comprising an upper pressure head, a lower disc shearing block, an upper disc shearing block with a disturbance rod, a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I, a separation rolling-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II, a sliding base, a normal deformation measuring assembly, a tangential deformation measuring assembly and a lateral deformation measuring assembly; the lower disc shear block, the upper disc shear block, the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II are alternately arranged on the sliding base to form a test piece mounting cavity, the upper disc shear block and the lower disc shear block are arranged oppositely, the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II are arranged oppositely, a rock structure surface test piece is placed on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base, and the rock structural surface test piece is positioned in the test piece mounting cavity, the upper pressure head is arranged on the upper surface of the rock structural surface test piece, the normal deformation measuring component penetrates through the upper disc shear block and is fixed between the upper pressure head and the sliding base, the tangential deformation measuring assembly is fixedly arranged between the lower disc shearing block and the upper disc shearing block, and the lateral deformation measuring assembly penetrates through the upper disc shearing block and is fixedly arranged between the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate and the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate.
2. The rock structural face separating roll-slip shear box of claim 1, wherein: a vertical round hole is formed in the center of the upper pressure head, and a cylindrical T-shaped disturbance head is arranged in the vertical round hole.
3. The rock structural face separating roll-slip shear box of claim 1, wherein: the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II have the same structure and are mirror images of each other, and each of the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separating roll-sliding type lateral pressurizing plate II comprises a main plate, an attached plate I, an attached plate II, steel balls, steel ball retaining strips, long steel ball cover plates and short steel ball cover plates, the middle part of the upper surface of the main plate is connected with the steel ball retaining strips through bolts, the two ends of the upper surface of the main plate are fixedly provided with the long steel ball baffle plates which are arranged in parallel with the steel ball retaining strips, the two step surfaces which are arranged in parallel on the main plate are respectively provided with two short steel ball cover plates, screw holes and groove openings which are positioned on the same plane are alternately arranged, the protruding parts of the two groups of the short steel ball cover plates which are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other are respectively provided with the attached plate I and the attached plate II, the attached plate I and the attached plate II slide left and right under the action of the steel balls, so that the lower plate of a rock structural surface test piece moves along the shearing direction along the attached plate, and meanwhile, after the rock structural surface test piece deforms in the normal direction, the auxiliary plate can slide in the normal direction according to the normal deformation.
4. The rock structural face separating roll-slip shear box of claim 1, wherein: the sliding base comprises an underframe, a bottom plate, a steel ball clamping plate I, a steel ball clamping plate II, steel balls, a steel ball baffle I and a steel ball baffle II, the underframe is a U-shaped frame, a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the waist and the bottom end of the side wall, a groove is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the waist, the bottom frame is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, a steel ball clamping plate II positioned on the inner surface of the bottom frame is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, a plurality of steel balls arranged in rows and columns are arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate II, a steel ball clamping plate I is arranged on the plurality of steel balls in a sliding way, the steel ball baffle plates on the steel ball clamping plate I and the steel ball clamping plate II limit the rolling of the steel balls, so that the steel ball clamping plate I slides along the shearing direction, therefore, the lower disc shear block and the steel ball clamping plate I of the rock structural surface test piece slide along the shearing direction integrally during the test, the upper disc shear block is arranged on the upper surface of the waist of the underframe, and the lower disc shear block is arranged on the upper surface of the steel ball clamping plate I.
5. The rock structural face separating roll-slip shear box of claim 1, wherein: the chassis shear block is the same with the upper disc shear block structure, all includes big rectangular slab and little rectangular slab, fixed mounting has little rectangular slab on the wide face of big rectangular slab, and one of them long narrow face of little rectangular slab and one of them long narrow face coplane setting of big rectangular slab, and the wide face symmetry center line of big rectangular slab and the wide face symmetry center line of little rectangular slab lie in the coplanar simultaneously, and the wide face and the laminating of rock structure face test piece of little rectangular slab, the processing of the center department of the long narrow face of big rectangular slab has whole body round hole I, the processing of the center department of the short narrow face of little rectangular slab has whole body round hole II.
6. The method of using a rock structural face separating roller shear box under true triaxial disturbance according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, firstly, a sliding base is arranged on a compression-resistant cushion block of a normal actuator of a true triaxial testing machine, and a vertical through circular hole I of an upper disc shear block penetrates through a measuring rod of a normal deformation measuring assembly fixedly arranged on the sliding base to be arranged on the sliding base and is abutted to a fixed end of the true triaxial testing machine for lateral loading;
step 2, sliding the steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base to the outermost limit position, placing the rock structure surface test piece on the steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base, ensuring that the outer side surface of the steel ball baffle of the rock structure surface test piece is flush with the corresponding side edge line of the steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base, and pushing the rock structure surface test piece to enable the rock structure surface test piece to be tightly attached to the upper disc shear block;
step 3, aligning the upper pressure head on the upper surface of the rock structure surface test piece, and further applying normal pre-pressure;
step 4, after normal prepressing is completed, respectively aligning and placing the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II on two sides of the rock structural surface test piece, respectively vertically arranging the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II on two sides of the upper disc shearing block, installing a lateral deformation measuring assembly, and further applying lateral prepressing force;
step 5, after the lateral pre-pressing is finished, placing the lower plate shear block on a steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base, tightly attaching the lower plate of the rock structural surface test piece, installing a tangential deformation measuring assembly, and further applying tangential pre-pressing force;
step 6, after the pre-pressing is finished, starting a test, wherein during the test, normal pressure is applied to the rock structural surface test piece through the upper pressure head and the sliding base; the lateral pressure is applied to the rock structural surface test piece through the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the separation rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II; shearing force is applied to the rock structure surface test piece through the upper disc shear block and the lower disc shear block, wherein the upper disc shear block is fixed, the lower disc shear block pushes the lower disc test piece of the rock structure surface test piece to move, meanwhile, the steel ball clamping plate I of the sliding base moves along with the lower disc of the rock structure surface test piece, and the attaching plate I of the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate I and the attaching plate I of the separating rolling type lateral pressurizing plate II also move close to the lower disc of the rock structure surface test piece.
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Application publication date: 20220405 Assignee: Changchun Zhantuo Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI University Contract record no.: X2023980047214 Denomination of invention: Separation of Rock Structural Faces under True Triaxial Disturbance and Rolling Sliding Shear Box and Its Usage Granted publication date: 20230728 License type: Common License Record date: 20231115 |