CN114277848A - Waterproof and anti-seepage system for junction of underground layer and overground layer - Google Patents
Waterproof and anti-seepage system for junction of underground layer and overground layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277848A CN114277848A CN202111313728.6A CN202111313728A CN114277848A CN 114277848 A CN114277848 A CN 114277848A CN 202111313728 A CN202111313728 A CN 202111313728A CN 114277848 A CN114277848 A CN 114277848A
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Abstract
The utility model provides a waterproof antiseep system of basement and overground layer handing-over department, includes bottom plate waterproof system, basement water facing side waterproof system and corner waterproof system. The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) water is prevented from permeating into the room from the structural joint by arranging a water stop strip; (2) setting a permeable crystalline waterproof coating on the surface of the reinforced concrete to improve the anti-seepage performance; (3) setting an air layer and a drainage groove to lead out dew; (4) the wall base is arranged in a modularized mode, the assembly is rapid, and the moisture-proof and heat-insulating performance is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building waterproof and drainage, in particular to a waterproof and anti-seepage system at the joint of an underground layer and an overground layer.
Background
The existing building with the basement usually uses a bottom plate, a retaining wall, a wall base and the like made of reinforced concrete for water prevention, although the reinforced concrete has better water prevention performance, as the underground water level is high, structural joints are arranged in the secondary pouring of the reinforced concrete, underground water can be gradually immersed into the reinforced concrete from the structural joints and other gaps along with the passage of time, so that leakage is caused, and the parts which are most easy to leak are the connecting parts of the retaining wall and the bottom plate and the connecting parts of the basement top plate and the wall base. The prior art lacks a simple structure but effective waterproof and anti-seepage structure.
For example, a "basement waterproof construction" that discloses on chinese patent literature, its application number is CN201921390352.7, and it includes basis and basement outer wall, the outside of basis top and basement outer wall is provided with the screed-coat, screed-coat and basement outer wall and basis top fixed connection, one side that the screed-coat is kept away from the basement outer wall is provided with first waterproof layer, first waterproof layer and basement outer wall and basis top fixed connection, first waterproof layer outside fixed connection has the second waterproof layer, one side that the second waterproof layer kept away from first waterproof layer is provided with the infiltration layer, one side that the second waterproof layer is close to the infiltration layer is provided with the collection groove, collection groove and external intercommunication. The waterproof structure has the disadvantages that a plurality of waterproof layers and water seepage layers are required to be arranged, the structure is complex, and effective water stopping is difficult to realize through the water stopping steel plate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a waterproof and anti-seepage system at the junction of an underground layer and an overground layer, aiming at overcoming the problems of poor waterproof and anti-seepage effect and complex structure at the junction of the underground layer and the overground layer in the prior art, and the system is effective in waterproof and anti-seepage and simple in steps.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a waterproof antiseep system of underground layer and overground layer handing-over department, includes:
the bottom plate waterproof system comprises a reinforced concrete bottom plate, a bottom plate permeable crystallization waterproof coating layer and a cement mortar leveling layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top;
the waterproof system for the water-facing side of the basement comprises a reinforced concrete retaining wall, a first structural joint is formed between the reinforced concrete retaining wall and a reinforced concrete bottom plate, and a water stop belt is arranged in the first structural joint;
the wall corner waterproof system comprises a basement top plate and a wall foundation waterproof ground beam, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the basement top plate are respectively connected with the wall foundation waterproof ground beam and the reinforced concrete retaining wall and respectively form a second structural joint and a third structural joint, and water stops are arranged in the second structural joint and the third structural joint.
Because the bottom plate, the retaining wall and the ground beam are all formed by pouring reinforced concrete, the structural joint left at the joint is very easy to seep water, the joint of the underground layer and the overground layer is the first structural joint between the bottom plate and the retaining wall, and the second structural joint and the third structural joint on the upper side and the lower side of the top plate of the basement, which are most easy to seep water. The invention is characterized in that a water stop is arranged in the structural joint, the water stop is preferably made of rubber, and a plurality of water stops are arranged along the horizontal direction to increase the waterproof performance; and through set up waterproof coating on concrete bottom plate upper surface, because the infiltration of permeability crystallization waterproof coating can make the concrete compact in the concrete, prevent the water seepage. The outer side above the bottom plate is waterproof through the water stop belt, the inner side is waterproof through the coating, and the double waterproof structure effect is good.
Preferably, dovetail grooves are formed in the top surface and the bottom surface of the water stop belt.
When pouring, the concrete slurry is embedded into the dovetail groove to increase the water stopping effect of the rubber water stop belt, so that the water stopping effect is ensured.
Preferably, an inner wall is arranged on the inner side of the reinforced concrete retaining wall, the inner wall comprises an upper partition wall and a bottom concrete guide beam, an air layer is arranged between the reinforced concrete retaining wall and the inner wall, a drainage groove is arranged between the reinforced concrete retaining wall and the concrete guide beam, and the bottom of the air layer is communicated with the drainage groove.
When the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is large, the cold bridge phenomenon easily occurs on the retaining wall, the moisture is easily condensed on the inner side of the retaining wall, and the moisture and the mildew in the room are caused by the fact that the moisture permeates into the wall body; the waterproof concrete guide beam is arranged to prevent moisture in the drainage groove from permeating into the room from the bottom.
Preferably, one side of the reinforced concrete retaining wall, which is close to the air layer, is provided with a permeable crystallization waterproof coating layer.
Water infiltration in the retaining wall is avoided.
Preferably, a vertical waterproof layer, an extruded sheet insulating layer and an extruded sheet protective layer are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the reinforced concrete retaining wall.
The heat preservation keeps warm on the one hand, and on the other hand buffering protection facade waterproof layer does not receive the damage, and the extruded sheet protective layer carries out further protection at the outmost side.
Preferably, a ramming soil layer is arranged on the outer side of the extruded sheet protective layer, the ramming soil layer corresponds to the bottom of the reinforced concrete retaining wall and the reinforced concrete bottom plate, the ramming soil layer is made of cement, calcium oxide lime powder and soil, and the volume ratio of the cement to the calcium oxide lime powder to the soil is 0-2: 2-0: 8.
the rammed soil layer is composed of cement, lime and soil, water is added for stirring, backfilling and ramming are carried out, the rammed soil layer is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the retaining wall and used for preventing the bottom plate and the retaining wall from water, and back cushion soil is arranged on the rest parts of the outer side of the retaining wall.
Preferably, the wall base is arranged above the wall base waterproof ground beam and comprises a plurality of masonry modules, each masonry module comprises a first concrete layer, a heat insulation layer, a second concrete layer and a waterproof plinth finish coat which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, each masonry module is of an integrated structure, and the bottom of the top of each masonry module is provided with a splicing structure.
Brickwork module is integrated structure as an organic whole, and a finished product brickwork module has integrateed multilayer structure, has assembleed veneer, waterproof, thermal-insulated function, and the wall base is piled up by a plurality of brickwork modules and is formed, during the construction, only needs to peg graft the brickwork module from top to bottom to connect through cement mortar and just can form the wall base, the swift environmental protection of construction. The heat-insulating moisture-proof layer is preferably composed of polystyrene foaming particles with diameter and size grading and foaming concrete, and the volume ratio of the foaming particles to the foaming concrete is 1.2: 1; the two sides are provided with the ceramsite and the micro-foaming fine aggregate concrete with the diameter and size grading, and the volume ratio of the ceramsite to the concrete is 0.8: 1.2, and the volume weight is about 1.5.
Preferably, the inserting structure comprises a convex strip and a groove which are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom, and the convex strip and the groove are in inserting fit.
The sand grip on the lower floor's brickwork module inserts the recess of upper brickwork module below, realizes quick location, increases the contact surface of two adjacent brickwork modules simultaneously, and cement mortar bonds more firmly.
Preferably, the corner waterproofing system still includes the system of loosing water, the system of loosing water corresponds the slope that sets up in the basement roof outside and be equipped with outside downward sloping, the system of loosing water includes rubble bed course, corner concrete layer, corner waterproof layer, the adhesive linkage of mating formation and the surface course of loosing water that from bottom to top set gradually, the system of loosing water still includes the corner waterproof layer, the corner waterproof layer includes facade waterproof portion and the waterproof portion of loosing water, facade waterproof portion sets up in the basement roof and the waterproof grade of basement base roof beam outside, the waterproof portion of loosing water sets up between corner concrete layer and corner waterproof layer.
Guarantee that rain water can be smoothly discharged from the corner, and avoid ponding and seepage.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) water is prevented from permeating into the room from the structural joint by arranging a water stop strip; (2) setting a permeable crystalline waterproof coating on the surface of the reinforced concrete to improve the anti-seepage performance; (3) setting an air layer and a drainage groove to lead out dew; (4) the wall base is arranged in a modularized mode, the assembly is rapid, and the moisture-proof and heat-insulating performance is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a water stop.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view at B in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a side sectional view of a masonry module.
Fig. 6 is a top sectional view of a masonry module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a waterproof and anti-leakage system for the junction of an underground layer and an overground layer comprises, from bottom to top: the waterproof system comprises a bottom plate waterproof system, a basement water-facing side waterproof system and a wall corner waterproof system.
The basement bottom plate waterproof system comprises a back cushion soil 1, a stone layer 2 and a reinforced concrete bottom plate 3 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a bottom plate permeable crystallization waterproof coating layer 4 and a cement mortar leveling layer 5 above the reinforced concrete bottom plate 3 on the indoor side;
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the basement water-facing side waterproof system comprises a reinforced concrete retaining wall 8 arranged above a reinforced concrete bottom plate 3, a first structural joint 6 is formed between the reinforced concrete retaining wall 8 and the reinforced concrete bottom plate 3, a plurality of water stops 7 are arranged in the first structural joint 6, the water stops are made of rubber and are arranged in multiple ways along the horizontal direction to increase the waterproof performance, as shown in fig. 3, dovetail grooves 71 are formed in the top surface and the bottom surface of each water stop, and during pouring, concrete slurry is embedded into the dovetail grooves to increase the water stopping effect of the rubber water stops, so that the water stopping effect is ensured;
the inner side of a reinforced concrete retaining wall 8 is provided with an inner wall, the inner wall comprises a top partition wall 13 and a bottom concrete guide beam 12, an air layer 10 is arranged between the reinforced concrete retaining wall 8 and the inner wall, a drainage groove 11 is arranged between the reinforced concrete retaining wall 8 and the concrete guide beam 12, the bottom of the air layer 10 is communicated with the drainage groove 12, the inner side of the inner wall is provided with a mortar plastering layer 14, one side of the reinforced concrete retaining wall 8, which is close to the air layer, is provided with a side wall permeable crystalline waterproof coating layer 9, on one hand, a cold bridge is cut off by arranging the air layer, on the other hand, moisture condensation on the inner side of the retaining wall can flow into the drainage groove through the air layer and be discharged, the indoor influence can be avoided, the waterproof concrete guide beam is arranged to prevent water in the drainage groove from permeating into the indoor from the bottom, and the permeable crystalline waterproof coating layer prevents water in the retaining wall from permeating;
the outer side of the reinforced concrete retaining wall is sequentially provided with a vertical waterproof layer 15, an extruded sheet heat-insulating layer 16 and an extruded sheet protective layer 17, the heat-insulating layer insulates heat and preserves heat on one hand, and the vertical waterproof layer is protected from being damaged in a buffering way on the other hand, and the extruded sheet protective layer is further protected on the outermost side; the bottom of the outer side of the extruded sheet protective layer 17 is provided with a ramming soil layer 18, the ramming soil layer 18 covers the bottom of the reinforced concrete retaining wall, the reinforced concrete bottom plate and the outer side of the stone layer 2 from top to bottom, the ramming soil layer is composed of cement, lime and soil, wherein the volume ratio of the cement to the lime to the soil is 1:1:8, water is added for stirring, backfilling and tamping are used for preventing water of the bottom plate which is most prone to leakage and the retaining wall, and the rest parts of the outer side of the retaining wall are provided with back cushion soil 1;
the wall corner waterproof system comprises a basement top plate 19 and a wall base waterproof floor beam 20, the top end and the bottom end of the basement top plate 19 are respectively connected with the wall base waterproof floor beam 20 and a reinforced concrete retaining wall 8 to respectively form a second structural joint 24 and a third structural joint 25, a plurality of water stop belts 7 are respectively arranged in the second structural joint 24 and the third structural joint 25, a vertical waterproof layer 15 extends upwards to the outer surface of the wall base waterproof floor beam 20, a water dispersion system is arranged on the outer side of the vertical waterproof layer 15 and is provided with a slope inclining outwards and downwards, the water dispersion system comprises a broken stone cushion 28, a wall corner concrete layer 29, a wall corner waterproof protective layer 30, a paving bonding layer 31 and a water dispersion surface layer 32 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the water dispersion system also comprises an L-shaped wall corner waterproof layer 26, the wall corner waterproof layer 26 comprises a vertical waterproof part extending vertically and a water dispersion waterproof part extending transversely, the waterproof part is arranged on the outer sides of the basement top plate 19 and the wall base waterproof floor beam 20, the outer side of the vertical waterproof part is provided with a wall base plinth 27, and the water-dispersing waterproof part is arranged between a wall corner concrete layer 29 and a wall corner waterproof protective layer 30, so that rainwater can be smoothly discharged from a wall corner, and water accumulation and leakage are avoided;
wall base waterproof ground beam 20 top is equipped with the wall base, and the wall base includes a plurality of brickwork modules 21, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 6, brickwork modules 21 includes first concrete layer 211, insulating layer 212, second concrete layer 213 and waterproof plinth finish coat 214 that set gradually from inside to outside, and wherein insulating layer 212 is diameter size gradation polyphenyl foaming granule and foamed concrete and constitutes, and the foaming granule is 1.2 with the foamed concrete volume ratio: 1; the two sides are provided with the ceramsite and the micro-foaming fine aggregate concrete with the diameter and size grading, and the volume ratio of the ceramsite to the concrete is 0.8: 1.2, and the volume weight is about 1.5. The waterproof plinth finish 214 is "C" shaped to cover the outer surface. The masonry module is of an integrated structure, a convex strip 215 with a trapezoidal cross section is arranged at the top of the masonry module 21, grooves 216 matched with the convex strip 215 in an inserted mode are formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the masonry module 21, and the top of the heat insulation layer 212 protrudes out of the bottom of the heat insulation layer and is recessed; the two ends of the masonry module 21 are provided with dovetail grooves 218 and dovetail raised lines 217 which are in plug fit with the dovetail grooves, the wall foundation waterproof ground beams 20 and the masonry module 21 are bonded through cement mortar bedding, the masonry modules 21 are in plug fit with each other and are bonded through the cement mortar, during construction, finished masonry modules are transported to a construction site to be quickly plugged and laid, moisture and heat are guaranteed, secondary decoration on the outer side of a wall body in the later period is avoided, and the construction method has the advantages of high construction efficiency, environmental protection and energy conservation;
the wall base top is equipped with the brickwork of piling up, and the inside and outside both sides of brickwork and wall base inboard are equipped with facade and whitewash application layer 27.
Example 2
The difference between the waterproof and antiseep system for the junction of the underground layer and the overground layer and the embodiment 1 is that a rammed earth layer material comprises cement and soil, wherein the volume ratio of the cement to the soil is 2: 8.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the ramming soil layer material comprises calcium oxide lime powder and soil, wherein the volume ratio of the calcium oxide lime powder to the soil is 2: 8.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the cement to soil volume ratio of the rammed earth layer material is 1: 9.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the rammed earth layer material has a soil to earth volume ratio of 1: 9.
The rammed earth layers of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested, and the index data were as follows:
| index (I) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| 28d compressive Strength (MPa) | 0.71 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.56 | 0.43 |
| 7d deformation modulus (MPa) | 14.9 | 10.1 | 13.8 | 8.5 | 9.1 |
| Anti-seepage pressure (MPa) | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Resistance to freezing and thawing | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off |
| Acid resistance | No powdering and cracking | No powdering and cracking | No powdering and cracking | No powdering and cracking | No powdering and cracking |
| Alkali resistance, sodium hydroxide dissolution Soaking in the solution for 500h | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off | Without cracking, peeling and stripping Fall off |
| Anti-salt (sulfate radical) | Resist against | Resist against | Resist against | Resist against | Resist against |
| Neutral salt spray test | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance |
| Acid salt spray test (pH =) 3） | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance | Has no pulverization and no cracking, no change in appearance |
And (4) conclusion: the composition parameters selected in examples 1-3 are all optimal, and the prepared rammed soil has better water-resistant anti-permeability performance and strong compressive strength.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a waterproof antiseep system of underground layer and overground layer handing-over department, characterized by includes: the bottom plate waterproof system comprises a reinforced concrete bottom plate, a bottom plate permeable crystallization waterproof coating layer and a cement mortar leveling layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top;
the waterproof system for the water-facing side of the basement comprises a reinforced concrete retaining wall, a first structural joint is formed between the reinforced concrete retaining wall and a reinforced concrete bottom plate, and a water stop belt is arranged in the first structural joint;
the wall corner waterproof system comprises a basement top plate and a wall foundation waterproof ground beam, wherein the top end and the bottom end of the basement top plate are respectively connected with the wall foundation waterproof ground beam and the reinforced concrete retaining wall and respectively form a second structural joint and a third structural joint, and water stops are arranged in the second structural joint and the third structural joint.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the top and bottom surfaces of the water stop have dovetail grooves.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein an inner wall is disposed inside the reinforced concrete retaining wall, the inner wall comprises an upper partition wall and a lower concrete guide beam, an air layer is disposed between the reinforced concrete retaining wall and the inner wall, a drainage groove is disposed between the reinforced concrete retaining wall and the concrete guide beam, and the bottom of the air layer is communicated with the drainage groove.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the reinforced concrete retaining wall has a layer of permeable crystalline waterproof coating on its side adjacent to the air layer.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the reinforced concrete retaining wall has a waterproof layer, an insulating layer and a protective layer.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein a ramming soil layer is arranged outside the extruded sheet protective layer, the ramming soil layer is arranged corresponding to the bottom of the reinforced concrete retaining wall and the reinforced concrete bottom plate, the ramming soil layer is made of cement, calcium oxide lime powder and soil, and the volume ratio of the cement to the calcium oxide lime powder to the soil is 0-2: 2-0: 8.
7. the system of claim 1, wherein a wall base is arranged above the wall base waterproof floor beam, the wall base comprises a plurality of masonry modules, the masonry modules comprise a first concrete layer, a heat insulation moisture-proof layer, a second concrete layer and a plinth finish layer, the first concrete layer, the heat insulation moisture-proof layer, the second concrete layer and the plinth finish layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the masonry modules are of an integrated structure, and the top and the bottom of each masonry module are provided with a plug-in structure.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the engagement structure comprises a protrusion and a groove respectively disposed at the top and the bottom, and the protrusion and the groove are engaged with each other.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the corner waterproofing system further comprises a water dispersing system, the water dispersing system is correspondingly disposed on the outer side of the top plate of the basement and has a slope inclining outwards and downwards, the water dispersing system comprises a gravel cushion, a corner concrete layer, a corner waterproofing layer, a paving adhesive layer and a water dispersing surface layer, the gravel cushion, the corner concrete layer, the corner waterproofing layer, the paving adhesive layer and the water dispersing surface layer are sequentially disposed from bottom to top, the water dispersing system further comprises a corner waterproofing layer, the corner waterproofing layer comprises a vertical waterproof part and a water dispersing waterproof part, the vertical waterproof part is disposed on the outer side of the top plate of the basement and a wall-based waterproofing ground beam, and the water dispersing waterproof part is disposed between the corner concrete layer and the corner waterproofing layer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111313728.6A CN114277848A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Waterproof and anti-seepage system for junction of underground layer and overground layer |
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| CN202111313728.6A CN114277848A (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2021-11-08 | Waterproof and anti-seepage system for junction of underground layer and overground layer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115162421A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 北京建工集团有限责任公司 | Basement outer wall embedded water-stop guide wall structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN201883450U (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-29 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Coastal deep-foundation anti-seepage waterproof basement structure |
| CN106703278A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 长沙理工大学 | Combined hollow block brickwork wall body and construction method thereof |
| CN106703084A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-24 | 北京东方雨虹防水工程有限公司 | Waterproofing treatment method and system of construction joint structure of plane and elevation structure junction areas of basement |
| CN112177200A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 温东平 | House building wall structure and construction method |
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2021
- 2021-11-08 CN CN202111313728.6A patent/CN114277848A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201883450U (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-29 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Coastal deep-foundation anti-seepage waterproof basement structure |
| CN106703278A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-05-24 | 长沙理工大学 | Combined hollow block brickwork wall body and construction method thereof |
| CN106703084A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-24 | 北京东方雨虹防水工程有限公司 | Waterproofing treatment method and system of construction joint structure of plane and elevation structure junction areas of basement |
| CN112177200A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 温东平 | House building wall structure and construction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115162421A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | 北京建工集团有限责任公司 | Basement outer wall embedded water-stop guide wall structure and construction method thereof |
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