CN114277225A - High-temperature heat treatment method for surgical instrument - Google Patents
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 165
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 74
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature heat treatment method of surgical instruments, which comprises the following steps: 1) quenching the surgical instrument; 2) performing high-temperature tempering on the quenched surgical instrument within 60 minutes after quenching; 3) and naturally cooling after high-temperature tempering. The optimal matching of the hardness and the toughness of the surgical instrument can be realized by reasonably setting the quenching and high-temperature tempering processes, and the situation that the high-end surgical instrument is monopolized by imported manufacturers for a long time is broken.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and relates to a high-temperature heat treatment method for surgical instruments.
Background
High-end surgical instruments, such as knives, scissors, bite-type fine surgical instruments and rod-type fine surgical instruments, are made of high carbon stainless steel materials.
However, the current fine surgical instruments made of high carbon stainless steel materials are limited by heat treatment techniques, and generally suffer from the following drawbacks: when the hardness of the fine surgical instrument reaches more than 50HRC, the toughness is greatly reduced, and when the guaranteed toughness meets the requirement, the hardness is lower than 50HRC, so that the dual improvement of the hardness and the toughness is difficult to meet.
For fine surgical instruments such as a knife, a shear and a bite, when the hardness is lower than 50HRC, the toughness can still meet the requirement, but the cutting effect of the instrument is poor, and the abrasion resistance degree of the cutting edge is insufficient; when the hardness is higher than 50HRC, the toughness is obviously insufficient, and the tipping of the cutting edge of the instrument is easy to cause.
For rod-shaped fine surgical instruments, when the hardness is lower than 50HRC, the toughness can still meet the requirement, but the bearing capacity of the instrument is obviously insufficient; when the hardness is higher than 50HRC, the toughness is obviously insufficient, and the fracture of the instrument is easily caused.
In view of the above technical defects in the prior art, there is an urgent need to develop a novel high temperature heat treatment process for surgical instruments, so as to achieve dual improvements in hardness and toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a high-temperature heat treatment method for surgical instruments, which can realize double promotion of hardness and toughness of the surgical instruments and realize the optimal matching of the hardness and the toughness by reasonably setting quenching and high-temperature tempering processes.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of high temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments comprising the steps of:
1) quenching the surgical instrument;
2) performing high-temperature tempering on the quenched surgical instrument within 60 minutes after quenching;
3) and naturally cooling after high-temperature tempering.
Preferably, the quenching of the surgical instrument in the step 1) is specifically:
1.1) synchronously electrifying and starting up the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, setting the temperature of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 200 ℃ and the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace to 150 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 200 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 150 ℃;
1.2) heating the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 400 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 300 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving heat for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed set temperatures, and opening a mesh belt switch of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 400 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 300 ℃ to perform the next operation;
1.3) heating the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 600 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 450 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving heat for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 600 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 450 ℃;
1.4) heating the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 800 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 600 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving heat for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 800 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 600 ℃;
1.5) heating the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 1050 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 850 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving heat for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 1050 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 850 ℃;
1.6), opening a nitrogen tank, filling nitrogen into the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, keeping for 2 minutes when the nitrogen in the ammonia decomposition furnace is expressed to be 0.07-0.08Mpa, and then closing the nitrogen; opening an ammonia tank to charge ammonia gas into the ammonia decomposition furnace, and when the ammonia gas in the ammonia decomposition furnace is expressed to 0.07-0.08Mpa, conveying the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen discharged from an outlet of the ammonia decomposition furnace to a feed port furnace door and a discharge port furnace door of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and igniting the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen;
1.7) after confirming that the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 1050 degrees, separately placing the surgical instrument on a mesh belt from the front end of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace, and entering a heat treatment area of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace for quenching, wherein the quenching time is controlled to be 40 or 50 minutes;
1.8) after the quenching time is reached, keeping the temperature of the cooling water to be less than or equal to 35 ℃ by controlling the water flow when the surgical instrument passes through the cooling area.
Preferably, in the step 1.7), when the surgical instrument is a knife, a shear or a bite-cut surgical instrument, the quenching time is controlled to be 50 minutes; and when the surgical instrument is a rod-shaped surgical instrument, controlling the quenching time to be 40 minutes.
Preferably, in the step 1.6), the hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas contains 75% of hydrogen and 25% of nitrogen.
Preferably, in the step 1.6), the output pressure of the nitrogen gas tank and the output pressure of the ammonia gas tank are both 0.1 Mpa.
Preferably, the high-temperature tempering in the step 2) is specifically:
2.1) synchronously electrifying and starting the box-type resistance furnace, the mesh-belt high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, setting the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace to 300 or 350 ℃, and powering off and preserving the heat after the box-type resistance furnace reaches the set temperature;
2.2) alternately hollowing out the surgical instruments within 60 minutes after quenching is finished, putting the surgical instruments into the box-type resistance furnace, and closing the furnace door;
2.3) and carrying out high-temperature tempering on the surgical instrument under the condition that the box type resistance furnace is stabilized at 300 or 350 ℃, wherein the high-temperature tempering time is kept for 3 hours.
Preferably, in the steps 2.1) and 2.3), when the surgical instrument is a knife, a shear or a bite type surgical instrument, the temperature of the box-type electric resistance furnace is controlled to be 300 ℃; and when the surgical instrument is a rod-shaped surgical instrument, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is 350 ℃.
Preferably, in the step 2.1), when the power is cut off and the temperature is kept, the furnace door of the box-type resistance furnace is opened to release moisture in the hearth.
Preferably, the natural cooling after the high-temperature tempering in the step 3) is specifically: and after 3 hours of high-temperature tempering, powering off the box type resistance furnace, keeping the natural cooling time for more than 12 hours under the condition of tightly closing the furnace door, and opening the furnace door to take out the surgical instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the high-temperature heat treatment process for the surgical instrument has one or more of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the device can realize the optimal combination of high hardness and toughness, and ensures that the device is stressed and cannot break when the hardness of the rod-shaped fine surgical device is higher than 50HRC, so that the rod-shaped fine surgical device is more fine under the condition of reaching the normal use standard.
2. The cutting edge device can realize the optimal combination of high hardness and toughness, so that when the hardness of the knife, shear and bite type fine surgical instruments is higher than 50HRC, the instruments are ensured to have stronger cutting effect and are not easy to cause edge tipping, and the knife, shear and bite type surgical instruments are more durable under the condition of reaching the normal use standard.
3. The optimum matching of high hardness and toughness can be realized, the localization of high-end fine surgical instruments is realized, and the situation that the high-end surgical instruments are monopolized by imported manufacturers for a long time is broken.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a high-temperature heat treatment method of a surgical instrument, which is used for heat treatment of the surgical instrument made of 90Cr18 high-carbon stainless steel material, thereby realizing double improvement of hardness and toughness of the surgical instrument.
The high-temperature heat treatment method of the surgical instrument comprises the following steps:
firstly, quenching the surgical instrument.
In the invention, the quenching treatment of the surgical instrument specifically comprises the following steps:
1. synchronously electrifying and starting the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, and setting the temperature of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 200 ℃ and the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace to 150 ℃. And automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperature, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 200 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 150 ℃.
2. And (3) setting the temperature of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 400 ℃ and the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace to 300 ℃. And automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperature, and opening a mesh belt switch of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 400 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 300 ℃ to perform the next operation.
In the invention, the mesh belt switch is opened in advance, so that the mesh belt can slowly adapt to the temperature, and the operation flexibility of the mesh belt during the treatment of surgical instruments is ensured.
3. The temperature of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is set to 600 ℃, and the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace is set to 450 ℃. And automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperature, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 600 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 450 ℃.
4. The temperature of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is set to 800 ℃, and the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace is set to 600 ℃. And automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperature, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 800 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 600 ℃.
5. And (3) setting the temperature of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 1050 ℃ and setting the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace to 850 ℃. And automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperature, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 1050 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 850 ℃.
In the present invention, in the steps 1 to 5, the temperature increase rates of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace are not limited as long as they can reach the set temperature. The purpose of the power-off heat preservation is to stabilize the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace at the set temperature.
6. And after confirming that the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 850 ℃, opening a nitrogen tank, filling nitrogen into the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, keeping for 2 minutes when the nitrogen in the ammonia decomposition furnace is expressed to be 0.07-0.08Mpa, and then closing the nitrogen.
In the present invention, the purpose of charging the nitrogen gas into the mesh-belt-type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is to exhaust the air in the furnace chamber, thereby ensuring that the heat treatment area of the mesh-belt-type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is in a vacuum state.
And the purpose of charging the nitrogen into the ammonia decomposition furnace is to discharge the air in the furnace chamber, so that the adverse effect and the like caused by the air when the ammonia gas and the ammonia gas are decomposed into the mixed gas of the hydrogen and the nitrogen are avoided.
And after the nitrogen is closed, immediately opening an ammonia tank to charge ammonia gas into the ammonia decomposition furnace, and when the ammonia gas in the ammonia decomposition furnace is expressed to 0.07-0.08Mpa, conveying the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen discharged from an outlet of the ammonia decomposition furnace to a feed port furnace door and a discharge port furnace door of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and igniting the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen.
In the invention, the ammonia decomposition furnace is used for decomposing the mixed gas into hydrogen and nitrogen gas according to time and conveying the mixed gas to a feed port furnace door and a discharge port furnace door of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace. The hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is ignited through the feed port furnace door (front volcano) and the discharge port furnace door (rear volcano), so that combustion flames are formed at the feed port furnace door and the discharge port furnace door, the combustion flames can prevent air from entering the furnace chamber of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace in the whole heat treatment process, the furnace chamber of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is guaranteed to be in a vacuum state all the time, and therefore surgical instruments can be prevented from being reduced into metal when passing through the discharge port furnace door after the heat treatment of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace, and the metal is prevented from being oxidized.
In the present invention, preferably, the hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas contains 75% of hydrogen and 25% of nitrogen.
More preferably, the output pressure of the nitrogen gas tank is made 0.1Mpa, so that the pressure charged into the furnace chambers of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace just conforms to 0.07-0.08 Mpa. Further, by keeping the nitrogen gas injection for 2 minutes, the air in the furnace chamber can be exhausted so that the inside of the furnace chamber is in a vacuum state.
And the output pressure of the ammonia tank is also 0.1Mpa, so that the pressure filled in the furnace cavity of the ammonia decomposition furnace just meets 0.07-0.08Mpa, thereby facilitating the decomposition of ammonia gas and enabling the generated hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas to meet the combustion requirements of a feed port furnace door (front volcano) and a discharge port furnace door (rear volcano) of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace.
7. After the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is confirmed to be stable at 1050 degrees, the surgical instruments are separately placed on the mesh belt from the front end of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and enter a heat treatment area of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace for quenching, and the quenching time is controlled to be 40 or 50 minutes.
In the invention, when the surgical instrument is a knife, a shear or a bite-cut surgical instrument, the quenching time is controlled to be 50 minutes. And, when the surgical instrument is a rod-like surgical instrument, the quenching time is controlled to be 40 minutes.
By controlling the quenching time, the optimal matching of the hardness and the toughness of the surgical instruments of the same type and different specifications can be met.
8. After the quenching time is reached, when the surgical instrument passes through the cooling area, the temperature of the cooling water is kept to be less than or equal to 35 ℃ by controlling the water flow.
Thus, by controlling the temperature of the cooling water, rapid cooling of the surgical instrument is facilitated. After cooling, the quenching process of the surgical instrument is completed.
Secondly, performing high-temperature tempering on the quenched surgical instrument within 60 minutes after quenching.
In the invention, the high-temperature tempering specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) electrifying and starting the box-type resistance furnace, the mesh-belt-type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace synchronously, and setting the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace to 300 or 350 ℃. And after the box type resistance furnace reaches the set temperature, the power is cut off and the heat is preserved.
In the present invention, if the surgical instrument to be heat-treated is a knife, scissors, bite type surgical instrument, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is set to 300 ℃. If the surgical instrument to be heat-treated is a rod-like surgical instrument, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is set to 350 ℃.
In addition, in the invention, when the power is off and the temperature is kept, the furnace door of the box type resistance furnace is opened to release moisture in the furnace cavity, thereby facilitating high-temperature tempering.
2. And placing the surgical instruments in the box-type resistance furnace in a crossed and hollowed manner within 60 minutes after quenching is finished, and closing the furnace door.
3. And (3) carrying out high-temperature tempering on the surgical instrument under the condition that the box type resistance furnace is stabilized at 300 or 350 ℃, wherein the high-temperature tempering time is kept for 3 hours.
Specifically, the timing may be started only when the box-type resistance furnace is confirmed to be stable at 300 or 350 ℃, and the timing may be 3 hours, so as to ensure that the high-temperature tempering time is 3 hours.
Similarly, in the present invention, if the surgical instrument to be heat-treated is a knife, scissors or bite type surgical instrument, it is determined that the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is stabilized at 300 ℃. If the surgical instrument to be heat-treated is a rod-like surgical instrument, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is confirmed to be stable at 350 ℃.
Thirdly, naturally cooling after high-temperature tempering.
In the invention, the natural cooling after the high-temperature tempering specifically comprises the following steps: and after 3 hours of high-temperature tempering, powering off the box type resistance furnace, keeping the natural cooling time for more than 12 hours under the condition of tightly closing the furnace door, and opening the furnace door to take out the surgical instrument.
According to the high-temperature heat treatment method for the surgical instrument, the quenching process and the high-temperature tempering process are reasonably set, so that the hardness and the toughness of the surgical instrument can be improved, and the surgical instrument can meet the requirements of the hardness and the toughness.
The above examples of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications which are obvious to the technical scheme of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of high temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments comprising the steps of:
1) quenching the surgical instrument;
2) performing high-temperature tempering on the quenched surgical instrument within 60 minutes after quenching;
3) and naturally cooling after high-temperature tempering.
2. The high temperature heat treatment method for surgical instruments according to claim 1, wherein the quenching of the surgical instruments in the step 1) is specifically:
1.1) synchronously electrifying and starting up the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, setting the temperature of the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 200 ℃ and the temperature of the ammonia decomposition furnace to 150 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving the temperature for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 200 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 150 ℃;
1.2) heating the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 400 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 300 ℃, cutting off the power and preserving the heat for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the automatically set temperature, and opening a mesh belt switch of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 400 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 300 ℃ to perform the next operation;
1.3), heating the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 600 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 450 ℃, cutting off the power and preserving the heat for 10 minutes after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the automatically set temperature, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 600 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 450 ℃;
1.4) heating the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 800 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 600 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving heat for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 800 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 600 ℃;
1.5) heating the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace to 1050 ℃, heating the ammonia decomposition furnace to 850 ℃, automatically powering off and preserving heat for 10 minutes after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace exceed the set temperatures, and carrying out the next operation after the mesh-belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 1050 ℃ and the ammonia decomposition furnace is stabilized at 850 ℃;
1.6), opening a nitrogen tank, filling nitrogen into the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, keeping for 2 minutes when the nitrogen in the ammonia decomposition furnace is expressed to be 0.07-0.08Mpa, and then closing the nitrogen; opening an ammonia tank to charge ammonia gas into the ammonia decomposition furnace, and when the ammonia gas in the ammonia decomposition furnace is expressed to 0.07-0.08Mpa, conveying the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen discharged from an outlet of the ammonia decomposition furnace to a feed port furnace door and a discharge port furnace door of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace and igniting the mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen;
1.7) after confirming that the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace is stabilized at 1050 degrees, separately placing the surgical instrument on a mesh belt from the front end of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace, and entering a heat treatment area of the mesh belt type high-temperature heat treatment furnace for quenching, wherein the quenching time is controlled to be 40 or 50 minutes;
1.8) after the quenching time is reached, keeping the temperature of the cooling water to be less than or equal to 35 ℃ by controlling the water flow when the surgical instrument passes through the cooling area.
3. The method for high-temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1.7), when the surgical instruments are knife, scissors and bite-type surgical instruments, the quenching time is controlled to be 50 minutes; and when the surgical instrument is a rod-shaped surgical instrument, controlling the quenching time to be 40 minutes.
4. The method for high-temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1.6), the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas comprises 75% of hydrogen and 25% of nitrogen.
5. The method for high-temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments according to claim 4, wherein in the step 1.6), the output pressures of the nitrogen gas tank and the ammonia gas tank are both made 0.1 MPa.
6. The high temperature heat treatment method for surgical instruments according to claim 5, wherein the high temperature tempering in the step 2) is specifically:
2.1) synchronously electrifying and starting the box-type resistance furnace, the mesh-belt high-temperature heat treatment furnace and the ammonia decomposition furnace, setting the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace to 300 or 350 ℃, and powering off and preserving the heat after the box-type resistance furnace reaches the set temperature;
2.2) alternately hollowing out the surgical instruments within 60 minutes after quenching is finished, putting the surgical instruments into the box-type resistance furnace, and closing the furnace door;
2.3) and carrying out high-temperature tempering on the surgical instrument under the condition that the box type resistance furnace is stabilized at 300 or 350 ℃, wherein the high-temperature tempering time is kept for 3 hours.
7. The method for high-temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments according to claim 6, wherein in the steps 2.1) and 2.3), when the surgical instruments are knife, shear and bite type surgical instruments, the temperature of the box-type electric resistance furnace is set to 300 ℃; and when the surgical instrument is a rod-shaped surgical instrument, the temperature of the box-type resistance furnace is 350 ℃.
8. The high-temperature heat treatment method for surgical instruments according to claim 7, characterized in that in the step 2.1), the oven door of the box-type electric resistance oven is opened to release moisture in the oven cavity during power-off heat preservation.
9. The method for high-temperature heat treatment of surgical instruments according to claim 8, wherein the natural cooling after the high-temperature tempering in the step 3) is specifically: and after 3 hours of high-temperature tempering, powering off the box type resistance furnace, keeping the natural cooling time for more than 12 hours under the condition of tightly closing the furnace door, and opening the furnace door to take out the surgical instrument.
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