CN114277063A - Method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as raw material - Google Patents
Method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114277063A CN114277063A CN202111664240.8A CN202111664240A CN114277063A CN 114277063 A CN114277063 A CN 114277063A CN 202111664240 A CN202111664240 A CN 202111664240A CN 114277063 A CN114277063 A CN 114277063A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of alcohol fermentation, in particular to a method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as a raw material, which comprises the following steps: mixing the first waste mash and corn starch to obtain a mixed raw material; then sequentially carrying out gelatinization liquefaction reaction and saccharification fermentation on the mixed raw materials to obtain fermented mash; distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash; recycling the second waste mash into the first waste mash. According to the invention, corn starch and waste mash are mixed for fermentation, so that on one hand, nutrients such as protein and sugar in the waste mash can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the waste mash also contains a large amount of cellulose, and in the liquefaction process, the corn starch can be adsorbed on the surface of the cellulose and uniformly dispersed in the liquefied mash, so that the agglomeration of the corn starch is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alcohol fermentation, in particular to a method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as a raw material.
Background
In China, the traditional alcohol production raw materials are crops such as corn, cassava, rice and the like, but with the rapid development of Chinese economy and the development of alcohol industry technology, the problem of raw material shortage is increasingly prominent, and the diversified development of the raw materials is imperative. Corn starch is a deep-processed product of corn, does not contain substances such as protein, cellulose, fat and the like, and has the following advantages compared with corn raw materials prepared by fermenting the corn starch: the corn starch has high starch content, fine granularity, more uniform and full liquefaction and saccharification reaction, more complete fermentation, high alcohol content of fermented mash and high wine yield; the water, electricity and gas consumption can be reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
In actual production, due to the change of production conditions, the situation that the corn starch is unqualified exists, the unqualified corn starch is generally subjected to waste treatment, and in order to realize the reutilization of waste resources, the waste corn starch can be used as a raw material to perform fermentation to produce the fuel ethanol.
But only the corn starch is used for fermentation, so the problem of low wine yield is also existed; so that the industrial popularization of the alcohol production by using the corn starch as the main raw material is difficult to realize. Therefore, it is important to find a method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as a raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the industrial popularization of alcohol production by using corn starch as a main raw material is difficult to realize in the prior art, and provides a method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as a raw material.
The inventor of the invention finds that in the actual production process, as the granularity of the corn starch is fine, only the corn starch is used for fermentation, and the corn starch is agglomerated in the process of mixing the materials due to the limitation of process conditions, so that the liquefaction quality is influenced; the clear liquid generated in the DDGS separation process is high in dry matter, and the treatment efficiency of the DDGS process is reduced; in addition, the raw materials do not contain substances such as protein, cellulose, fat and the like, which influence the biological fermentation process, and other organic and inorganic substances are required to be additionally supplemented to ensure the continuous and stable production. The corn starch and other starchy raw materials are mixed for fermentation, the corn starch can be adsorbed on the surface of the starchy raw materials and rapidly absorbs water to expand, liquefaction of other starchy raw materials is prevented, the liquefaction rate difference between the corn starch and other starchy raw materials is large, and meanwhile, the fermentation can further slow down the liquefaction rate of other raw materials, so that the wine yield is low.
The inventor of the invention also finds that the mixed raw material formed by mixing the corn starch and the waste mash according to a specific proportion can effectively reduce the content of starch in the waste mash, improve the treatment efficiency of the waste mash and improve the wine yield.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing alcohol using corn starch as a raw material, the method comprising:
mixing the first waste mash and corn starch to obtain a mixed raw material; then sequentially carrying out gelatinization liquefaction reaction and saccharification fermentation on the mixed raw materials to obtain fermented mash;
distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash;
recycling said second spent mash into said first spent mash;
wherein the first waste mash is calculated by dry matters, the weight ratio of the first waste mash to the corn starch is 2-18: 100.
according to the technical scheme, the corn starch and the waste mash are mixed for fermentation, so that on one hand, nutrients such as protein and sugar in the waste mash can be fully utilized; on the other hand, the waste mash also contains a large amount of cellulose, and in the liquefaction process, the corn starch can be adsorbed on the surface of the cellulose, so that the corn starch is uniformly dispersed in the liquefied mash, the corn starch agglomeration is avoided, and meanwhile, the free corn starch in the liquid phase can be reduced, so that the sedimentation of dry matters can be accelerated, and the content of the corn starch in the waste liquid generated by the gelatinization liquefaction reaction can be reduced in the waste liquid treatment process.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
As described above, the present invention provides a method for producing alcohol using corn starch as a raw material, the method comprising:
mixing the first waste mash and corn starch to obtain a mixed raw material; then sequentially carrying out gelatinization liquefaction reaction and saccharification fermentation on the mixed raw materials to obtain fermented mash;
distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash;
recycling said second spent mash into said first spent mash;
wherein the first waste mash is calculated by dry matters, the weight ratio of the first waste mash to the corn starch is 2-18: 100.
the inventor of the invention finds that the main components of the dry matter of the waste mash produced by grain fermentation are 20-30 wt% of cellulose, about 20 wt% of total amount of protein, saccharide and fat is 10-20 wt%, wherein the protein, saccharide and fat can provide nutrition for fermentation, and the normal operation of the fermentation is ensured under the condition of not additionally supplementing nitrogen source and carbon source; the cellulose can adsorb corn starch, so that the corn starch is uniformly attached to the surface of the cellulose, and on one hand, the corn starch can be prevented from agglomerating, and on the other hand, because the cellulose is in an interlaced state, the swelling rate of the corn starch attached to the gaps of the cellulose after absorbing water is inhibited, so that the liquefaction rate of the corn starch can be reduced; in the third aspect, because the corn starch is adsorbed on the surface of the cellulose, when the second waste mash (waste mash) is subsequently treated, the sedimentation of dry matters can be accelerated, the content of the dry matters in clear liquid can be reduced, and the yield and the treatment efficiency of the dry matters in the second waste mash (waste mash) can be improved.
In the invention, the waste mash refers to waste mash produced by gelatinization and liquefaction of rice and/or wheat, and the content of dry matters in the waste mash is 10-15 wt%.
According to the present invention, the weight ratio of the first waste mash to the corn starch needs to be controlled within a reasonable range, too high content of the waste mash reduces production efficiency, results in low alcohol content of the fermentation product, too low content of the waste mash results in corn starch agglomeration, and additional supplement of a nutrient source is required. Under the preferred conditions, the weight ratio of the grains, the waste mash and the corn starch is 5-15: 100.
in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the mixed raw material further comprises grains; the grain is selected from rice and/or wheat; under the above preferred conditions, the second waste mash with high protein content and high fiber content can be continuously produced, and the production can be stable.
According to the invention, under the preferable conditions, the proportion of the grain and the corn starch should be controlled in a proper range, and when the grain content is too low, the waste mash produced by fermentation cannot meet the requirement of circulating fermentation; if the content of the grains is too high, the alcohol content of the fermentation product is reduced; preferably, the weight ratio of the grains to the corn starch is 50-200: 100, preferably 100-: 100.
according to the invention, preferably, the gelatinization liquefaction reaction comprises: in the presence of amylase, carrying out gelatinization and liquefaction reaction on the mixed raw material to obtain liquefied mash, wherein the gelatinization and liquefaction conditions comprise: the temperature is 85-95 ℃; the time is 1-5 h.
According to the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: dividing the second waste mash into two streams, circularly adding one stream into the mixed raw material, and mixing the two streams with corn starch for fermentation; and the other strand enters the DDGS production process.
According to the invention, preferably under the conditions, the saccharification and fermentation comprises: adding saccharifying enzyme, yeast seeds and optional cellulase into the liquefied mash for fermentation to obtain fermented mash; further preferably, the conditions of the fermentation include: the temperature is 30-36 ℃, and the time is 50-60 h.
According to the invention, when the mixed raw materials contain grains, the cellulase is added during fermentation; preferably, the cellulase is added in an amount of 0.03 to 0.04kg per 1 ton of the grain.
According to the present invention, it is preferable that the saccharifying enzyme is added in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8kg per 1 ton of the raw material mixture.
According to the present invention, it is preferable that the yeast seeds are added in an amount of 0.03 to 0.08kg per 1 ton of the raw material mixture.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples, the cellulase is an acid cellulase and is a commercially available product of Shandong Kete enzyme preparation Co.Ltd; the amylase is alpha-amylase and is a commercial product of bioengineering GmbH in Jenenaceae (China); the saccharifying enzyme is glucoamylase, which is a commercial product of Shandong Kete enzyme preparation Co., Ltd; the yeast is super high-activity dry yeast for brewing wine, and is a commercial product of Angel yeast GmbH.
In the following examples, the first mash was obtained by fermenting wheat as a raw material, and had a dry matter content of 12.7 wt%, a protein content of 22.5 wt%, a cellulose content of 25.3 wt%, a sugar content of 10.8 wt%, a fat content of 5.3 wt%, and an ash content of 4.2 wt%.
Examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2
1) Mixing rice, first waste mash and corn starch to obtain a mixed raw material; then, under the action of amylase (the addition amount of the amylase is 0.18 kg/ton of mixed raw material), the mixed raw material is subjected to gelatinization liquefaction reaction for 2 hours at 90 ℃, and then under the action of saccharifying enzyme, cellulase and yeast (the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 0.5 kg/ton of mixed raw material, the addition amount of the cellulase is 0.03 kg/ton of rice and the addition amount of the yeast is 0.05 kg/ton of mixed raw material), fermentation is carried out for 60 hours at 35 ℃ to obtain fermented mash;
2) distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash;
3) dividing the second waste mash into a strand and a strand, wherein the strand a is circularly added into the mixed raw material in the step 1), and the strand b enters a DDGS production process for solid-liquid separation to obtain clear liquid and DDGS; specific reaction conditions and results are shown in table 1.
Because the second waste mash produced by mixing the raw materials contains enough nutrients, the embodiment only needs to add the first waste mash once, and the subsequently produced second waste mash can meet the requirements of nutrients required by circulating fermentation.
TABLE 1
In Table 1, the alcohol content is the volume percentage of alcohol in the fermented mash.
As can be seen by comparing example 1 with comparative example 2, the content of the spent mash should be limited to a specific range, which would otherwise result in an increased amount of soluble dry matter in the serum, and likewise an increased serum solids content.
Examples 5 to 9 and comparative examples 3 to 5
1) Mixing the first waste mash and corn starch to obtain a mixed raw material; then, under the action of amylase (the addition amount of the amylase is 0.18 kg/ton of the mixed raw material), the mixed raw material is subjected to gelatinization and liquefaction reaction at 90 ℃ for 2 hours, and then under the action of saccharifying enzyme and yeast (the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 0.5 kg/ton of the mixed raw material and the addition amount of the yeast is 0.05 kg/ton of the mixed raw material), fermentation is carried out at 35 ℃ for 60 hours, so as to obtain fermented mash;
2) distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash;
3) dividing the second waste mash into a strand and a strand, wherein the strand a is circularly added into the mixed raw material in the step 1), and the strand b enters a DDGS production process for solid-liquid separation to obtain clear liquid and DDGS; specific reaction conditions and results are shown in table 2.
Because the mixed raw materials do not contain grains, the nutrients in the second waste mash produced by the mixed raw materials are reduced along with the increase of the circulating fermentation times, and even the fermentation requirements cannot be met, therefore, the first waste mash with an external source needs to be continuously supplemented into the system.
Comparative example 6
1) Performing gelatinization and liquefaction reaction on corn starch at 90 ℃ for 2h under the action of amylase (the addition amount of the amylase is 0.18 kg/ton of mixed raw material), and then performing fermentation at 35 ℃ for 60h under the action of saccharifying enzyme and yeast (the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 0.5 kg/ton of mixed raw material and the addition amount of the yeast is 0.05 kg/ton of mixed raw material) to obtain fermented liquor;
2) distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash;
3) dividing the second waste mash into a strand and a strand, wherein the strand a is circularly added into the mixed raw material in the step 1), and the strand b enters a DDGS production process for solid-liquid separation to obtain clear liquid and DDGS; specific reaction conditions and results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Waste mash: starch | Alcohol content/%) | Clear liquid solids content% | |
| Example 5 | 10：100 | 15.4 | 6.8 |
| Example 6 | 5：100 | 15.9 | 7.1 |
| Example 7 | 15：100 | 16.0 | 7.1 |
| Example 8 | 2：100 | 15.4 | 7.4 |
| Example 9 | 18：100 | 15.5 | 7.5 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1：100 | 15.1 | 8.2 |
| Comparative example 4 | 35：100 | 14.3 | 7.6 |
| Comparative example 5 | - | 15.5 | 8.7 |
In Table 2, the alcohol content is the volume percentage of alcohol in the fermented mash.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing alcohol by using corn starch as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing the first waste mash and corn starch to obtain a mixed raw material; then sequentially carrying out gelatinization liquefaction reaction and saccharification fermentation on the mixed raw materials to obtain fermented mash;
distilling the fermented mash to obtain alcohol and second waste mash;
recycling said second spent mash into said first spent mash;
wherein the first waste mash is calculated by dry matters, the weight ratio of the first waste mash to the corn starch is 2-18: 100.
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the first waste mash is present in a weight ratio of the first waste mash to the corn starch, on a dry basis, of 5-15: 100.
3. the method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waste mash is a waste mash produced by fermentation of a rice and/or wheat containing feedstock.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixed raw material further comprises grains; the grain is selected from rice and/or wheat.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the weight ratio of the grain to the corn starch is 50-200: 100, preferably 100-: 100.
6. the method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the gelatinization liquefaction reaction comprises: in the presence of amylase, carrying out gelatinization and liquefaction reaction on the mixed raw material to obtain liquefied mash, wherein the gelatinization and liquefaction conditions comprise: the temperature is 85-95 ℃; the time is 1-5 h.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the amylase is added in an amount of 0.15 to 0.2kg based on 1 ton of the mixed raw material.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein saccharifying enzymes and yeast seeds are added to the liquefied mash for fermentation to produce a fermented mash;
the fermentation conditions include: the temperature is 30-36 ℃, and the time is 50-60 h.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the saccharifying enzyme is added in an amount of 0.4 to 0.8kg per 1 ton of the raw material mixture.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the yeast seed is added in an amount of 0.03 to 0.08kg based on 1 ton of the mixed raw material.
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| CN107058401A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-18 | 广西中粮生物质能源有限公司 | A kind of method of cornstarch fermenting and producing alcohol |
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| WO2019154110A1 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-15 | 广东中科天元新能源科技有限公司 | Process for producing ethanol fuel by using corn starch as raw material |
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| CN113667700A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 宿州中粮生物化学有限公司 | Method and system for producing ethanol by fermenting mixed raw materials |
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- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111664240.8A patent/CN114277063A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN107058401A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-18 | 广西中粮生物质能源有限公司 | A kind of method of cornstarch fermenting and producing alcohol |
| CN107058403A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-18 | 广西中粮生物质能源有限公司 | A kind of distiller's grains liquor is used for the method that full amylofermentation prepares ethanol |
| WO2019154110A1 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-15 | 广东中科天元新能源科技有限公司 | Process for producing ethanol fuel by using corn starch as raw material |
| CN110923269A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 南京理工大学 | Method for coproducing bioethanol from starchy material and fermented waste mash thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220405 |