CN104561127A - Comprehensive utilization method of agricultural straw - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method of agricultural straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN104561127A CN104561127A CN201410843415.5A CN201410843415A CN104561127A CN 104561127 A CN104561127 A CN 104561127A CN 201410843415 A CN201410843415 A CN 201410843415A CN 104561127 A CN104561127 A CN 104561127A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
- C12P7/10—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
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- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
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- C12P2203/00—Fermentation products obtained from optionally pretreated or hydrolyzed cellulosic or lignocellulosic material as the carbon source
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of agricultural straw. The method comprises steps as follows: performing steam explosion pretreatment on crop straw; adding cellulase and acclimatized saccharomyces cerevisiae to a pretreated product for enzymolysis and fermentation to obtain a mash; distilling the mash to obtain cellulosic ethanol. According to the method, firstly, steam explosion pretreatment is adopted, detoxification treatment is not required, and the process is simplified; secondly, the acclimatized saccharomyces cerevisiae is adopted for fermentation, has better adaptability to inhibitors produced by fermentation and is good in fermentation effect; thirdly, enzymolysis and fermentation are performed synchronously, sugar produced by enzymolysis is quickly metabolized to produce ethanol, the feedback inhibition effect caused by increase of the concentration of substrate sugar on cellulase is eliminated, the process is simplified, the sugar liquid loss is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved; fourthly, the cellulosic ethanol, a wood-plastic thermoplastic material and natural gas for vehicles can be prepared from the mash respectively, multiple types of products can be prepared, and components are fully utilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to waste recycling field, the particularly method of comprehensive utilization of agricultural stalk.
Background technology
Along with petering out of petroleum resources and going from bad to worse of environment, vigorously promote the use the important component part that renewable energy technologies has become many national energy development strategies, to reduce the discharge of dependence to petroleum resources and greenhouse gases.
Cellulosic ethanol technology can utilize cellulose biomass to produce ethanol, is a kind of high-end clean energy technology.Cellulose biomass is by Mierocrystalline cellulose (30-50%), hemicellulose (20-40%), and the material with complex that xylogen (15-30%) forms, and it can be agricultural crop straw, forestry processing waste material, bagasse the like waste.Because this technology can be used to alternative traditional grain alcohol technology, utilize the cellulosic materials biological raw material that the earth extensively exists to produce clean alcohol fuel, be sent to very high expectation.
At present, the waste of the cellulose biomass such as agricultural stalk, carry out production of cellulosic ethanol by the following method, realize recycling: (1) with the cellulose biomass after pulverizing for raw material, according to Acid hydrolysis, alkali process hydrolysis or add chemical agent blasting procedure and carry out pre-treatment; (2) raw material after pretreatment makes Mierocrystalline cellulose wherein and hemicellulose be converted into fermentable enzymolysis liquid glucose by cellulase; (3) enzymolysis liquid glucose is through solid-liquid separation, detoxification, the acid added in removal pre-treatment, alkali or chemical agent; (4) add yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, make the monose fermentative production in enzymolysis liquid glucose go out ripe mash containing ethanol by S. cervisiae; (5) mash can obtain ethanol through distillation dehydration.
In the process, flow process is complicated, can only produce a kind of single product and cellulosic ethanol, and the solid slag that step (3) produces generally is dropped or for burning, fails to realize making full use of of component, and value-added content of product is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is the method for comprehensive utilization providing a kind of agricultural stalk, and method is easy, and product category is many, achieves making full use of of component.
The invention discloses a kind of method of comprehensive utilization of agricultural stalk, comprise the following steps:
(A) by agricultural crop straw through the quick-fried pre-treatment of vapour;
(B) in described pretreated product, the S. cervisiae added after cellulase and domestication carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, obtains mash;
The acclimation method of described S. cervisiae is:
S. cervisiae after activation is cultivated in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose, obtains little distiller's yeast; The mass ratio of described corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (80 ~ 90): (10 ~ 20);
Described little distiller's yeast is carried out in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose many for enlarged culturing, obtain large distiller's yeast; In first-generation enlarged culturing, the mass ratio of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (60 ~ 70): (30 ~ 40); Later in every generation enlarged culturing, increase enzymolysis liquid glucose ratio gradually, until the enzymolysis liquid glucose quality in described mixture is greater than 70%;
The preparation method of described enzymolysis liquid glucose is:
In the quick-fried pretreated product of described vapour, add cellulase carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose;
(C) by after described mash distillation, cellulosic ethanol is obtained.
Preferably, the preparation method of described corn mash is:
By Semen Maydis powder under α-amylase effect in 90 ~ 100 DEG C, liquefy 90 ~ 120 minutes; Then add saccharifying enzyme, 50 ~ 60 DEG C are reacted 30 ~ 40 minutes, obtain corn mash.
Preferably, in described step (A), the quick-fried pretreated vapor pressure of described vapour is 1.2 ~ 1.8Mpa.
Preferably, in described step (A), the vapour quick-fried pretreated time is 5 ~ 15 minutes, and the quick-fried pretreated temperature of vapour is 180 ~ 190 DEG C.
Preferably, in described step (B), the addition of described cellulase is 1 ~ 1.5% of pretreatment product absolute dry mass.
Preferably, in described step (B), the addition of described S. cervisiae is 5 ~ 10% of pre-enzymolysis product absolute dry mass.
Preferably, in described step (B), the time of described enzymolysis and fermentation is 60 ~ 72 hours.
Preferably, in described step (B), described hydrolysis temperature is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, and the pH value of described enzymolysis is 4.8 ~ 5.2.
Preferably, in described step (C), the waste liquid after described distillation is through filtering, and the solid slag obtained is for the preparation of heat-stabilized wood's moulding material, and the waste water obtained obtains natural gas used for automobile through process.
Preferably, in described step (C), described waste water obtains biogas through anaerobic treatment, then obtains natural gas used for automobile through dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression.
Compared with prior art, first the present invention adopts the quick-fried pre-treatment of vapour, does not add chemical substance, without the need to detoxification treatment, simplifies flow process.Secondly, present invention employs the S. cervisiae after domestication and ferment, the S. cervisiae after domestication has good adaptive faculty to the inhibition that fermentation produces, and ferment effect is good.3rd, the present invention adopts enzymolysis and fermentation synchronously to carry out, and the sugar that enzymolysis produces is produced ethanol by metabolism rapidly, eliminates the feedback inhibition of substrate sugar concentration increase to cellulase, simplifies flow process, decrease liquid glucose loss, improve production efficiency.4th, the mash after enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, can prepare cellulosic ethanol respectively, and wood moulds thermoplastic materials and natural gas used for automobile, and product category is many, and achieve making full use of of component, value-added content of product is higher.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention further, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, instead of limiting to the claimed invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of method of comprehensive utilization of agricultural stalk, comprise the following steps:
(A) by agricultural crop straw through the quick-fried pre-treatment of vapour;
(B) in described pretreated product, the S. cervisiae added after cellulase and domestication carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, obtains mash;
The acclimation method of described S. cervisiae is:
S. cervisiae after activation is cultivated in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose, obtains little distiller's yeast; The mass ratio of described corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (80 ~ 90): (10 ~ 20);
Described little distiller's yeast is carried out in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose many for enlarged culturing, obtain large distiller's yeast; In first-generation enlarged culturing, the mass ratio of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (60 ~ 70): (30 ~ 40); Later in every generation enlarged culturing, increase enzymolysis liquid glucose ratio gradually, until the enzymolysis liquid glucose quality in described mixture is greater than 70%;
The preparation method of described enzymolysis liquid glucose is:
In the quick-fried pretreated product of described vapour, add cellulase carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose;
(C) by after described mash distillation, cellulosic ethanol is obtained.
Present invention achieves making full use of of agricultural crop straw total composition, method is easy, and product category is many, and added value is high.
According to the present invention, first by agricultural crop straw through the quick-fried pre-treatment of vapour, the quick-fried pretreated vapor pressure of described vapour is preferably 1.2 ~ 1.8MPa, and the vapour quick-fried pretreated time is preferably 8 ~ 15 minutes.The quick-fried pretreated temperature of vapour is preferably 180 ~ 200 DEG C.There is cyto-architectural plant material vapor phase pulping under high pressure, high-temperature medium, hemicellulose and xylogen produce some acidic substance, make hemicellulose degradation become soluble sugar, the xylogen of compound middle lamella softens and Partial digestion simultaneously, thus weakens interfibrous bonding.Then reduce pressure suddenly, medium and material acting in conjunction complete the energy release process of physics.Vapour phase medium ejection moment rapid expansion in material, the rapid bumping of high temperature liquid water simultaneously in material forms flash distillation, and external work done, makes material be dissociated into single fibrocyte from middle lamella.The quick-fried pretreated product of vapour is easier to enzymolysis and fermentation.
After obtaining described pretreated product, add cellulase and S. cervisiae carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, obtain mash.The present invention is not particularly limited for the source of cellulase, commercially available prod.The addition of described cellulase is preferably 1 ~ 1.5% of pretreatment product absolute dry mass.The S. cervisiae that the present invention adopts is the yeast after domestication, and the addition of described S. cervisiae is preferably 5 ~ 10% of pretreatment product absolute dry mass.The acclimation method of described S. cervisiae is:
S. cervisiae after activation is cultivated in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose, obtains little distiller's yeast; The mass ratio of described corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (80 ~ 90): (10 ~ 20);
Described little distiller's yeast is carried out in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose many for enlarged culturing, obtain large distiller's yeast; In first-generation enlarged culturing, the mass ratio of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (60 ~ 70): (30 ~ 40); Later in every generation enlarged culturing, increase enzymolysis liquid glucose ratio gradually, until the enzymolysis liquid glucose quality in described mixture is greater than 70%.
In the process of preparation S. cervisiae, first S. cervisiae is activated.Described S. cervisiae is preferably Angel brewer's dried yeasts.The method of described activation is preferably: activate in S. cervisiae liquid nutrient medium, the temperature of described activation is 35 ~ 40 DEG C, and soak time is 0.5 ~ 1.5 hour.The present invention is not particularly limited for the composition of liquid nutrient medium, selects activation medium well known to those skilled in the art.
After obtaining the bacterial classification after activating, the S. cervisiae after described activation is cultivated in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose, obtains little distiller's yeast.Described corn mash preparation method is preferably:
By Semen Maydis powder under α-amylase effect in 90 ~ 100 DEG C, liquefy 90 ~ 120 minutes; Then add saccharifying enzyme, 50 ~ 60 DEG C are reacted 30 ~ 40 minutes, obtain corn mash.
The preparation method of described enzymolysis liquid glucose is:
In the quick-fried pretreated product of described vapour, add cellulase carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose.
Prepare in the process of enzymolysis liquid glucose described, the addition of described cellulase is preferably 1 ~ 1.5% of pretreatment product absolute dry mass, is more preferably 1.2% ~ 1.3%.PH value during described enzymolysis is preferably 4.0 ~ 5.0, is more preferably 4.3 ~ 4.8.
According to the present invention, cultivate in the process of little distiller's yeast, the mass ratio of described corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (80 ~ 90): (10 ~ 20), is preferably 90:10,85:15 or 88:12.In described mixture, preferably can also add nutritive salt, as the diammonium phosphate of 0.075%, the urea of 0.075% and the magnesium sulfate of 0.05%.The temperature of described cultivation is preferably 25 ~ 35 DEG C, is more preferably 28 ~ 32 DEG C.Described incubation time is preferably 8 ~ 12 hours, is more preferably 9 ~ 10 hours.The pH value of described cultivation is preferably 4.0 ~ 5.0, is more preferably 4.3 ~ 4.8.
According to the present invention, after obtaining described little distiller's yeast, described little distiller's yeast is carried out in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose many for enlarged culturing, obtain large distiller's yeast.In described mixture, preferably can also add nutritive salt, as the diammonium phosphate of 0.075%, the urea of 0.075% and the magnesium sulfate of 0.05%.More than described many acute pyogenic infection of finger tip two generation and two generations.The enzymolysis liquid glucose used in enlarged culturing is identical with the enzymolysis liquid glucose used in described cultivation little distiller's yeast process.In first-generation enlarged culturing, the mass ratio of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (60 ~ 70): (30 ~ 40), is preferably 70:30; Then, afterwards in every generation enlarged culturing, enzymolysis liquid glucose ratio is increased gradually, until the enzymolysis liquid glucose quality in described mixture is greater than 70%.The present invention is in every generation enlarged culturing, and the increasing amount of enzymolysis liquid glucose is not particularly limited, and suitably can regulate according to the experience of those skilled in the art.Preferably, in every generation enlarged culturing, the increasing amount of enzymolysis liquid glucose is 10% of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose heavy amount, until the enzymolysis liquid glucose quality in described mixture is 85% ~ 95%.The algebraically of described enlarged culturing was preferably for 2 ~ 10 generations.Yeast after domestication adapts to the complex environment of the quick-fried pretreatment product of vapour, can metabolism five-carbon sugar and hexose, and requiring no detoxification directly can carry out ethanol fermentation, and keeps higher ethanol production.
According to the present invention, after the S. cervisiae after pretreatment product adds cellulase and domestication, enzymolysis and fermentation are synchronously carried out, and obtain mash.The present invention adopts enzymolysis and fermentation synchronously to carry out, and the sugar that enzymolysis produces is produced ethanol by metabolism rapidly, eliminates the feedback inhibition of substrate sugar concentration increase to cellulase, simplifies flow process, decrease liquid glucose loss, improve production efficiency.The time of described enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation is preferably 60 ~ 72 hours, is more preferably 65 ~ 70 hours.The pH value of described enzymolysis is preferably 4.8 ~ 5.2.The temperature of described enzymolysis and fermentation is preferably 25 ~ 35 DEG C.
According to the present invention, after obtaining mash, after described mash distillation, obtain cellulosic ethanol; Waste liquid after distillation is through filtering, and the solid slag obtained is for the preparation of heat-stabilized wood's moulding material, and the waste water obtained obtains natural gas used for automobile through process.The present invention is not particularly limited for the method for distillation and the condition of distillation, carries out according to method well known to those skilled in the art.Filter for the waste liquid after distillation, preferably utilize plate-and-frame filter press to filter, specific form is not limit.Slag charge after filtration may be used for preparation heat-stabilized wood moulding material, and described preparation method can be: within slag charge being dried to moisture 5%, pulverizes and granulates, obtain heat-stabilized wood's moulding material through injection moulding.Waste water after filtration preferably obtains biogas through anaerobic treatment, then obtains natural gas used for automobile through dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression.The present invention is all not particularly limited for the method for dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression, carries out according to mode well known to those skilled in the art.Waste water through contact oxidation technology, can also reach cleaning action, and reaches direct emission standard.
In order to understand the present invention further, be described below in conjunction with the method for comprehensive utilization of embodiment to agricultural crop straw provided by the invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
(1) S. cervisiae domestication:
Configuration activation medium: by 2% glucose 20ml, 0.375 gram of diammonium phosphate, 0.375 gram of urea, 0.25 gram of magnesium sulfate mixing, adds water to 500ml.
Prepare enzymolysis liquid glucose: 50KG (moisture content 20%) agricultural crop straw enters the quick-fried pretreatment system of vapour after screening dedusting, with treatment system at 1.3MPa, vapor phase pulping 5 minutes at 180 DEG C, explosive decompression, obtains pretreatment product; Then add cellulase according to 1.2% of described pretreatment product absolute dry mass, at normal pressure, 45 DEG C, under PH4.8 condition, carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose.
In described activation medium, add dry yeast 0.5g, shake up rearmounted 38 DEG C of water-baths and activate 1 hour.
Joined by the yeast of 20 grams of described activation in 90ml corn mash and 10ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, be placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 10 hours, obtains little distiller's yeast.
Joined by the little distiller's yeast of 150ml maturation in the mixture of 240ml corn mash and 160ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the first-generation;
Joined by large for 150ml first-generation distiller's yeast in the mixture of 120ml corn mash and 280ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the s-generation.Namely the large distiller's yeast of the described s-generation can be used for fermentation.
(2) 50KG (moisture content 20%) agricultural crop straw is entered the quick-fried pretreatment system of vapour after screening dedusting, with treatment system at 1.3MPa, vapor phase pulping 5 minutes at 180 DEG C, explosive decompression, obtains pretreatment product.
The S. cervisiae after 0.32Kg (pretreated material absolute dry mass 1%) cellulase and 3.2Kg (pre-enzymolysis material absolute dry mass 10%) domestication will be added in 64Kg (moisture content 50%) described pretreatment product, at normal pressure, 30 DEG C, carry out enzymolysis under PH4.8 condition and ferment 60 hours, obtaining mash.Be repeated 6 batches, each batch is made two tanks.Fermentation results is see table 1.
After described mash preheating, portion's layer charging in a distillation column, heated by bottom steam while ripe wine with dregs is descending in distillation tower, useless wine with dregs is discharged at the bottom of tower, alcohol vapour enters return tank after condensation, part enters surge tank and is heated to 138 DEG C, and ethanol by being in the molecular sieve dehydration of adsorbed state, obtains ethanol from bottom to top.
Described useless wine with dregs completes solid-liquid separation through sheet frame filter press, and solid slag is dried to moisture lower than 5%, and pulverize, injection moulding, obtains heat-stabilized wood's moulding material.
The waste water obtained after described solid-liquid separation obtains biogas through anaerobic treatment, and biogas obtains natural gas used for automobile through dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression.
Embodiment 2
(1) S. cervisiae domestication:
Configuration activation medium: by 2% glucose 20ml, 0.375 gram of diammonium phosphate, 0.375 gram of urea, 0.25 gram of magnesium sulfate mixing, adds water to 500ml.
Prepare enzymolysis liquid glucose: 50KG (moisture content 20%) agricultural crop straw is entered the quick-fried pretreatment system of vapour after screening dedusting, and with treatment system at 1.5MPa, vapor phase pulping 10 minutes at 190 DEG C, explosive decompression, obtains pretreatment product.Then add cellulase according to 1.2% of described pretreatment product absolute dry mass, at normal pressure, 45 DEG C, under PH4.8 condition, carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose.
In described activation medium, add Angel brewer's dried yeasts 0.5g, shake up rearmounted 36 DEG C of water-baths and activate 1.2 hours.
Joined by the yeast of 20 grams of described activation in 85ml corn mash and 15ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, and be placed in 28 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 12 hours, obtains little distiller's yeast.
Joined by the little distiller's yeast of 150ml maturation in the mixture of 280ml corn mash and 120ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the first-generation;
Joined by large for 150ml first-generation distiller's yeast in the mixture of 200ml corn mash and 200ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the s-generation;
Joined by large for 150ml s-generation distiller's yeast in the mixture of 120ml corn mash and 280ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the third generation; Namely the large distiller's yeast of the described third generation can be used for fermentation.
Adopt the large distiller's yeast of the described third generation to ferment: to add 475g enzymolysis liquid glucose with 1000ml triangular flask, PH4.8, by the inoculum size of 5%, i.e. the large distiller's yeast access of the ripe third generation of 25g, puts incubator anaerobically fermenting >=50 hour.After 50 hours, glucose is all by metabolism, and alcohol concn is 62.1g/L, and alcohol yied is 0.46g/g, reaches theoretical value and obtains 90%.Five-carbon sugar metabolism 60%, alcohol concn 0.71g/L, alcohol yied is 0.05g/g.
Under the same conditions, add 475g enzymolysis liquid glucose, PH4.8 with 1000ml triangular flask, by the inoculum size of 5%, the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae access namely after 25g activation, puts incubator anaerobically fermenting 72 hours.Five-carbon sugar metabolism 40%, alcohol yied only has 0.36g/g, and sugar accounts for 70.1% of theoretical yield.
(2) 50KG (moisture content 20%) agricultural crop straw is entered the quick-fried pretreatment system of vapour after screening dedusting, with treatment system at 1.5MPa, vapor phase pulping 10 minutes at 190 DEG C, explosive decompression, obtains pretreatment product.
The S. cervisiae after 0.384Kg (pretreated material absolute dry mass 1.2%) cellulase and 2.56Kg (pre-enzymolysis material absolute dry mass 8%) domestication will be added in 64Kg (moisture content 50%) described pretreatment product, at normal pressure, 32 DEG C, carry out enzymolysis under PH5 condition and ferment 65 hours, obtaining mash.Be repeated 6 batches, each batch is made two tanks.Fermentation results is see table 1.
After described mash preheating, portion's layer charging in a distillation column, heated by bottom steam while ripe wine with dregs is descending in distillation tower, useless wine with dregs is discharged at the bottom of tower, alcohol vapour enters return tank after condensation, part enters surge tank and is heated to 138 DEG C, and ethanol by being in the molecular sieve dehydration of adsorbed state, obtains ethanol from bottom to top.
Described useless wine with dregs completes solid-liquid separation through sheet frame filter press, and solid slag is dried to moisture lower than 5%, and pulverize, injection moulding, obtains heat-stabilized wood's moulding material.
The waste water obtained after described solid-liquid separation obtains biogas through anaerobic treatment, and biogas obtains natural gas used for automobile through dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression.
Embodiment 3
(1) S. cervisiae domestication:
Configuration activation medium: by 2% glucose 20ml, 0.375 gram of diammonium phosphate, 0.375 gram of urea, 0.25 gram of magnesium sulfate mixing, adds water to 500ml.
Prepare enzymolysis liquid glucose: 50KG (moisture content 20%) agricultural crop straw enters the quick-fried pretreatment system of vapour after screening dedusting, with treatment system at 1.6MPa, vapor phase pulping 12 minutes at 180 DEG C, explosive decompression, obtains pretreatment product; Then add cellulase according to 1.2% of described pretreatment product absolute dry mass, at normal pressure, 45 DEG C, under PH4.8 condition, carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose.
In described activation medium, add dry yeast 0.5g, shake up rearmounted 38 DEG C of water-baths and activate 1 hour.
Joined by the yeast of 20 grams of described activation in 90ml corn mash and 10ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, be placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 10 hours, obtains little distiller's yeast.
Joined by the little distiller's yeast of 150ml maturation in the mixture of 240ml corn mash and 160ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the first-generation;
Joined by large for 150ml first-generation distiller's yeast in the mixture of 120ml corn mash and 280ml enzymolysis liquid glucose, adjustment PH is 4.5, is placed in 30 DEG C of water-baths, aerlbic culture 8 hours, obtains the large distiller's yeast of the s-generation.Namely the large distiller's yeast of the described s-generation can be used for fermentation.
(2) 50KG (moisture content 20%) agricultural crop straw is entered the quick-fried pretreatment system of vapour after screening dedusting, with treatment system at 1.6MPa, vapor phase pulping 12 minutes at 180 DEG C, explosive decompression, obtains pretreatment product.
The S. cervisiae after 0.448Kg (pretreated material absolute dry mass 1.4%) cellulase and 1.92Kg (pre-enzymolysis material absolute dry mass 6%) domestication will be added in 64Kg (moisture content 50%) described pretreatment product, at normal pressure, 28 DEG C, carry out enzymolysis under PH4.8 condition and ferment 70 hours, obtaining mash.Be repeated 4 batches, each batch is made two tanks.Fermentation results is see table 1.
After described mash preheating, portion's layer charging in a distillation column, heated by bottom steam while ripe wine with dregs is descending in distillation tower, useless wine with dregs is discharged at the bottom of tower, alcohol vapour enters return tank after condensation, part enters surge tank and is heated to 138 DEG C, and ethanol by being in the molecular sieve dehydration of adsorbed state, obtains ethanol from bottom to top.
Described useless wine with dregs completes solid-liquid separation through sheet frame filter press, and solid slag is dried to moisture lower than 5%, and pulverize, injection moulding, obtains heat-stabilized wood's moulding material.
The waste water obtained after described solid-liquid separation obtains biogas through anaerobic treatment, and biogas obtains natural gas used for automobile through dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression.
The one-tenth of the mash that table 1 obtains after fermenting is grouped into
The explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. a method of comprehensive utilization for agricultural stalk, comprises the following steps:
(A) by agricultural crop straw through the quick-fried pre-treatment of vapour;
(B) in described pretreated product, the S. cervisiae added after cellulase and domestication carries out enzymolysis and fermentation, obtains mash;
The acclimation method of described S. cervisiae is:
S. cervisiae after activation is cultivated in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose, obtains little distiller's yeast; The mass ratio of described corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (80 ~ 90): (10 ~ 20);
Described little distiller's yeast is carried out in the mixture of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose many for enlarged culturing, obtain large distiller's yeast; In first-generation enlarged culturing, the mass ratio of corn mash and enzymolysis liquid glucose is (60 ~ 70): (30 ~ 40); Later in every generation enlarged culturing, increase enzymolysis liquid glucose ratio gradually, until the enzymolysis liquid glucose quality in described mixture is greater than 70%;
The preparation method of described enzymolysis liquid glucose is:
In the quick-fried pretreated product of described vapour, add cellulase carry out enzymolysis, obtain enzymolysis liquid glucose;
(C) by after described mash distillation, cellulosic ethanol is obtained.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described corn mash is:
By Semen Maydis powder under α-amylase effect in 90 ~ 100 DEG C, liquefy 90 ~ 120 minutes; Then add saccharifying enzyme, 50 ~ 60 DEG C are reacted 30 ~ 40 minutes, obtain corn mash.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the quick-fried pretreated vapor pressure of described vapour is 1.2 ~ 1.8Mpa.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the vapour quick-fried pretreated time is 5 ~ 15 minutes, and the quick-fried pretreated temperature of vapour is 180 ~ 190 DEG C.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in described step (B), the addition of described cellulase is 1 ~ 1.5% of pretreatment product absolute dry mass.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, in described step (B), the addition of described S. cervisiae is 5 ~ 10% of pre-enzymolysis product absolute dry mass.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (B), the time of described enzymolysis and fermentation is 60 ~ 72 hours.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (B), described hydrolysis temperature is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, and the pH value of described enzymolysis is 4.8 ~ 5.2.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (C), the waste liquid after described distillation is through filtering, and the solid slag obtained is for the preparation of heat-stabilized wood's moulding material, and the waste water obtained obtains natural gas used for automobile through process.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, in described step (C), described waste water obtains biogas through anaerobic treatment, then obtains natural gas used for automobile through dehydration, desulfurization, purification, compression.
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