CN114275046A - Vehicle collision energy-absorbing device - Google Patents
Vehicle collision energy-absorbing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114275046A CN114275046A CN202111683669.1A CN202111683669A CN114275046A CN 114275046 A CN114275046 A CN 114275046A CN 202111683669 A CN202111683669 A CN 202111683669A CN 114275046 A CN114275046 A CN 114275046A
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Abstract
The invention provides a vehicle collision energy absorption device, which comprises a front longitudinal beam, a floor lower longitudinal beam, a cross beam and a doorsill, wherein the rear end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is rotatably connected with the cross beam; two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the rear end of the threshold and the rear end of the front longitudinal beam; one side of the front end of the lower longitudinal beam of the floor is connected with the front longitudinal beam through a first hydraulic telescopic piece, the other side of the front end of the lower longitudinal beam of the floor is connected with the threshold through a second hydraulic telescopic piece, and the first hydraulic telescopic piece and the second hydraulic telescopic piece are arranged oppositely; the front end of the front longitudinal beam is provided with a trigger part, and the front longitudinal beam is provided with a first hydraulic system; a movable section is arranged in the front end of the threshold in a sliding manner, and a second hydraulic system is arranged on the threshold; when the triggering part is collided, the first hydraulic system is triggered to push the first hydraulic telescopic piece to extend, so that the front end of the under-floor longitudinal beam moves towards the direction close to the doorsill, the second hydraulic telescopic piece is compressed, and the second hydraulic system pushes the movable section to extend out of the front port of the doorsill. The invention can better improve the safety of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle body structures, and particularly relates to a vehicle collision energy absorption device.
Background
With the development of society, people pay more and more attention to the safety problem of automobiles, and are required to bear strict direct impact and side impact, so that the safety of drivers and passengers is ensured.
The most likely event during automotive use is a frontal collision. In order to ensure the safety of people in the vehicle, the design of the front beam structure of the vehicle body needs to have a certain energy absorption effect to absorb the energy transmitted by the frontal collision, and meanwhile, the front beam structure also needs to have enough rigidity to avoid crushing the front wall and the front windshield during collision so as to avoid the injury to the people in the vehicle. When a small contact surface collision occurs between vehicles, such as a small offset working condition in a safety index, the vehicle front longitudinal beam is difficult to impact, and the floor lower longitudinal beam is difficult to impact, so that the floor lower longitudinal beam cannot deform to absorb energy during collision, and the tire and the doorsill directly bear the impact, and people in the vehicle are easily injured. Therefore, how to improve safety when a vehicle collides with a small contact surface is a technical problem that those skilled in the art are eagerly required to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle collision energy absorption device to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a vehicle collision energy absorption device comprises a front longitudinal beam, a floor lower longitudinal beam, a cross beam and a doorsill parallel to the front longitudinal beam, wherein the floor lower longitudinal beam is positioned between the front longitudinal beam and the doorsill, and the rear end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is rotatably connected with the middle part of the cross beam; two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the rear end of the threshold and the rear end of the front longitudinal beam; one side of the front end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is connected with the front longitudinal beam through a first hydraulic telescopic piece, the other side of the front end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is connected with the threshold through a second hydraulic telescopic piece, and the first hydraulic telescopic piece and the second hydraulic telescopic piece are arranged oppositely; the front end of the front longitudinal beam is provided with a trigger part, and a first hydraulic system connected with the first hydraulic telescopic piece is arranged on the front longitudinal beam; a movable section is arranged in the front end of the threshold in a sliding manner, and a second hydraulic system connected with the second hydraulic telescopic piece and the movable section is arranged on the threshold; when the triggering portion is collided, the first hydraulic system is triggered to push the first hydraulic expansion piece to extend, the front end of the under-floor longitudinal beam moves towards the direction close to the doorsill, the second hydraulic expansion piece is compressed, and the second hydraulic system is promoted to push the movable section to extend out of the front port of the doorsill.
Preferably, the movable section is provided with an elastic limiting mechanism, the elastic limiting mechanism comprises a spring and a bayonet lock, the movable section is provided with a groove, one end of the spring is connected with the bottom of the groove, and the other end of the spring is connected with the bayonet lock; the bayonet pin has a first position located in the recess and a second position extending out of the recess.
Preferably, an annular reinforcing rib is arranged on the outer surface of the movable section.
Preferably, the front port of the active segment is a closed port.
Preferably, the first hydraulic telescopic part comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a support rod and an elastic part, the support rod is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder in a sliding mode, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the first hydraulic system; one end of the elastic piece is connected with the lower longitudinal beam of the floor, and the other end of the elastic piece penetrates through one end, far away from the first hydraulic system, of the hydraulic cylinder and is connected with the upper end of the supporting rod.
Preferably, the support rod comprises a first round block, a second round block and a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively and vertically connected with the first round block and the second round block, and the first round block, the second round block and the connecting rod jointly form an I-shaped structure; the first round block and the second round block are respectively in sliding fit with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, and the elastic piece is connected with the first round block.
Preferably, the triggering part comprises a toggle plate and a rotating plate, the toggle plate is parallel to the first hydraulic telescopic part, the front end of the front longitudinal beam is provided with an installation groove, and the middle part of the rotating plate is rotatably connected with the middle part of the side wall of the installation groove; the first hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the front longitudinal beam, a rear stop block arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rod and a front stop block, the front stop block is arranged in the mounting groove and is opposite to the rotating plate, one end of the hydraulic rod is vertically connected with the rear stop block, and the other end of the hydraulic rod penetrates through the hydraulic cylinder and is vertically connected with the front stop block; the poking plate is rotatably connected with the upper part of the side wall of the mounting groove, the lower end of the poking plate is positioned between the rotating plate and the front stop block, and the upper end of the poking plate extends out of the mounting groove.
Preferably, the number of the first hydraulic telescopic parts and the number of the second hydraulic telescopic parts are three, and the first hydraulic telescopic parts and the second hydraulic telescopic parts are arranged in a one-to-one opposite mode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the vehicle collision energy absorption device is used, when a vehicle collides with a small contact surface, the vehicle will collide with a trigger part arranged at the front end of a front longitudinal beam, then a first hydraulic system pushes a first hydraulic telescopic piece to extend, so that the front end of a lower longitudinal beam of a floor moves towards the direction close to a threshold, a second hydraulic telescopic piece is compressed, a second hydraulic system pushes a movable section to extend out from the front port of the threshold, and therefore when the vehicle does not collide with the threshold, the energy absorption effect is achieved by utilizing the deformation of the movable section extending out of the threshold when the vehicle is impacted, the impact energy transmitted to the threshold is effectively reduced, the possibility that people in the vehicle are injured is further reduced, and the safety of the vehicle is better improved; meanwhile, the front end of the lower longitudinal beam of the floor inclines towards the direction close to the doorsill, so that the lower longitudinal beam of the floor can participate in bearing deformation in the later stage of collision to absorb energy in collision, and the safety of a vehicle can be improved; in addition, since the floor side member is disposed obliquely at this time, the front collision force can be resolved to have a lateral force, and the vehicle can be urged to slide sideways by the lateral force, so that the impact energy at the time of a front collision can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the vehicle can be further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle crash energy absorber apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic view of a vehicle crash energy absorber apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first hydraulic telescoping member provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first hydraulic system in communication with a hydraulic cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a trigger portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second hydraulic system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an elastic limiting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the movable section extending beyond the threshold according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is another schematic view of the movable section extending beyond the threshold in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a striking plate according to an embodiment of the present invention in a different position after a collision.
In the drawings, the reference numbers:
11. a front longitudinal beam, 21, a doorsill, 22, a baffle plate, 23, a movable section, 24 and a bayonet lock,
25. springs, 26, reinforcing ribs, 27, front end faces, 31, floor longitudinal beams, 41 and cross beams,
42. a rotating shaft 51, a first hydraulic telescopic part 52, an elastic part 53 and a hydraulic cylinder,
54. a first round block 55, a second round block 56, a connecting rod 61, a second hydraulic telescopic piece,
71. a toggle plate 81, a hydraulic cylinder 82, a rear block 83, a hydraulic rod 84, a front block,
85. a return pipe 91, a hydraulic oil cylinder 92, a hydraulic push rod 93 and a rear push plate,
94. front push plate, 95, oil return pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description will be provided with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle collision energy absorption device, which includes a front longitudinal beam 11, a floor side sill 31, a cross beam 41, and a door sill 21 parallel to the front longitudinal beam, wherein the floor side sill is located between the front longitudinal beam and the door sill, and a rear end of the floor side sill is rotatably connected to a middle portion of the cross beam; two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the rear end of the threshold and the rear end of the front longitudinal beam; one side of the front end of the floor side sill is connected with the front side sill 11 through a first hydraulic telescopic piece 51, the other side of the front end of the floor side sill is connected with the doorsill 21 through a second hydraulic telescopic piece 61, and the first hydraulic telescopic piece and the second hydraulic telescopic piece are arranged oppositely; the front end of the front longitudinal beam is provided with a trigger part, and a first hydraulic system connected with the first hydraulic telescopic piece is arranged on the front longitudinal beam; a movable section 23 is arranged in the front end of the threshold 21 in a sliding manner, and a second hydraulic system connected with the second hydraulic telescopic piece and the movable section is arranged on the threshold; when the triggering portion is collided, the first hydraulic system is triggered to push the first hydraulic expansion piece to extend, the front end of the under-floor longitudinal beam moves towards the direction close to the doorsill, the second hydraulic expansion piece is compressed, and the second hydraulic system is promoted to push the movable section to extend out of the front port of the doorsill.
When the vehicle collision energy absorption device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used, when a vehicle collides with a small contact surface, the vehicle collides with a trigger part arranged at the front end of a front longitudinal beam, then a first hydraulic system pushes a first hydraulic telescopic piece 51 to extend, so that the front end of a floor lower longitudinal beam moves towards the direction close to a threshold, a second hydraulic telescopic piece 61 is compressed, a second hydraulic system pushes a movable section to extend out from the front port of the threshold, and therefore when the threshold is not collided, the deformation of the movable section extending out of the threshold when the movable section is collided is firstly utilized to play a role in absorbing energy, the impact energy transmitted to the threshold is effectively reduced, the possibility of injury to personnel in the vehicle is further reduced, and the safety of the vehicle is better improved; meanwhile, the front end of the lower longitudinal beam of the floor inclines towards the direction close to the doorsill, so that the lower longitudinal beam of the floor can participate in bearing deformation in the later stage of collision to absorb energy in collision, and the safety of a vehicle can be improved; in addition, since the floor side member is disposed obliquely at this time, the front collision force can be resolved to have a lateral force, and the vehicle can be urged to slide sideways by the lateral force, so that the impact energy at the time of a front collision can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the vehicle can be further improved.
Furthermore, an elastic limiting mechanism is arranged on the movable section 23, the elastic limiting mechanism comprises a spring 25 and a bayonet 24, a groove is arranged on the movable section, one end of the spring is connected with the bottom of the groove, and the other end of the spring is connected with the bayonet; the bayonet pin has a first position located in the recess and a second position extending out of the recess. With this arrangement, when no collision occurs, the movable section 23 is located in the front end of the rocker 21, and the latch 24 is in the first position; when the movable section extends out of the threshold due to collision, the bayonet lock is at the second position, and when the movable section is impacted and retracts towards the interior of the threshold by overcoming the resistance provided by the second hydraulic system, the blocking and connecting effect between the bayonet lock and the end face of the front end port of the threshold provides larger resistance for the continuous retraction of the movable section, so that the front end of the movable section is crushed and deformed to play a better energy absorption effect.
Specifically, the outer surface of the movable section 23 is provided with an annular reinforcing rib 26, so that the strength of the movable section can be effectively improved. Preferably, the number of the reinforcing ribs is two, and the two reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed in the extending direction of the movable section, so that the strength of the movable section is further improved; the top and the bottom of the movable section can be respectively provided with two clamping pins, so that a better limiting effect can be achieved.
Preferably, the front end of the movable section 23 is a closed end, so that the front end of the movable section 23 has greater strength and can absorb more impact energy when deformed. It will be appreciated that the front port may be closed by a flap 22; the floor side sill 31 may be rotatably connected to the cross member 41 by a rotating shaft 42.
As shown in fig. 3, the first hydraulic telescopic element 51 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 53, a support rod and an elastic element 52, the support rod is slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 53, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the first hydraulic system; one end of the elastic piece is connected with the lower longitudinal beam of the floor, and the other end of the elastic piece penetrates through one end, far away from the first hydraulic system, of the hydraulic cylinder and is connected with the upper end of the supporting rod. By adopting the scheme, the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic system can be used for pushing the supporting rod to move towards the direction close to the floor longitudinal beam 31, so that the front end of the floor longitudinal beam is pushed to be close to the doorsill through the elastic piece. It can be understood that the support rod is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder to avoid leakage of hydraulic oil; the elastic member may be a spring.
Specifically, the support rod comprises a first round block 54, a second round block 55 and a connecting rod 56, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively and vertically connected with the first round block and the second round block, and the first round block, the second round block and the connecting rod form an I-shaped structure together; the first round block and the second round block are in sliding fit with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 53 respectively, and the elastic piece is connected with the first round block, so that the supporting rod is simple in structure and light in weight. It can be understood that the outer circumferential surface of the first circular block and the outer circumferential surface of the second circular block are respectively in sealing fit with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, so that double sealing is realized by utilizing the first circular block and the second circular block, and hydraulic oil leakage is better avoided; a space in the hydraulic cylinder, which is positioned below the second round block, is communicated with a second hydraulic system, and the space is used for containing hydraulic oil; the second hydraulic telescoping member 61 may be identical in construction to the first hydraulic telescoping member 51. In one embodiment, the upper port of the hydraulic cylinder can be closed by using a sealing plate, the support rod is of an inverted T-shaped structure, and the upper end of the support rod penetrates through the sealing plate to be connected with the elastic member.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the triggering part includes a toggle plate 71 and a rotating plate 72, the toggle plate is parallel to the first hydraulic telescopic member, an installation groove is formed at the front end of the front longitudinal beam, and the middle of the rotating plate is rotatably connected with the middle of the side wall of the installation groove; the first hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder 81 arranged in the front longitudinal beam, a rear stop 82 arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rod 83 and a front stop 84, the front stop 84 is arranged in the mounting groove and is opposite to the rotating plate 72, one end of the hydraulic rod is vertically connected with the rear stop, and the other end of the hydraulic rod penetrates through the hydraulic cylinder and is vertically connected with the front stop 84; the poking plate is rotatably connected with the upper part of the side wall of the mounting groove, the lower end of the poking plate 71 is positioned between the rotating plate and the front stop block, and the upper end of the poking plate extends out of the mounting groove. Adopt this scheme, when the vehicle bumps, will strike the upper end of stirring the board for the stirring board rotates clockwise, and promotes the rotor plate through the lower extreme of stirring the board and carry out anticlockwise rotation, utilizes the lower extreme of rotor plate to promote the positive stop and remove to the vehicle rear, also removes to the right-hand vehicle of back stop through the hydraulic stem promotion, makes during the hydraulic oil injection hydraulic pressure section of thick bamboo in the pneumatic cylinder, thereby promotes the longeron under the floor through bracing piece and elastic component and is close to the threshold. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the front longitudinal beam, and the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the front longitudinal beam and is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder in the front longitudinal beam; in fig. 4 and 5, only the hydraulic cylinder is shown, and the front side member is not shown.
Specifically, the number of the first hydraulic telescopic parts 51 and the number of the second hydraulic telescopic parts 61 are three, and each of the first hydraulic telescopic parts and each of the second hydraulic telescopic parts are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. It can be understood that the first hydraulic system further comprises a return pipe 85, two ends of which are respectively connected with two ends of the hydraulic cylinder, so that hydraulic oil can flow back to the other end of the hydraulic cylinder from one end of the hydraulic cylinder; the second hydraulic system has a structure substantially the same as that of the first hydraulic system, that is, as shown in fig. 6, the second hydraulic system includes a hydraulic cylinder 91, a hydraulic push rod 92, a rear push plate 93, a front push plate 94, and an oil return pipe 95, and the movable section is pushed by the front push plate to extend out of the front port of the threshold; the threshold is not shown in fig. 6.
The invention keeps the energy absorption of the conventional bearing structures such as a lower floor longitudinal beam, a front longitudinal beam and a doorsill in the large-contact frontal collision of the vehicle. In the offset collision of the small contact surface, the movable section at the front end of the doorsill extends forwards and is propped against the tire, so that the crushing space is increased; meanwhile, when the movable section is jacked on the tire, the deformation and energy absorption of the tire are realized, and the lower longitudinal beam of the floor can also realize bearing impact; the front port of the movable section is a closed port, so that the movable section can better support the tire. When collision does not occur, the movable section does not extend out, the use of the tire is not influenced, and after the movable section extends out during collision, the purposes of threshold energy absorption, tire energy absorption and tire restraint can be achieved, so that the safety of the vehicle is improved.
It can be understood that when the vehicle is in small contact surface offset collision, different contact areas between the two vehicles generate different collision degrees, the rotating angles of the poking plates towards the rear of the vehicle are different, and the upward rotating angles of the longitudinal beam under the floor and the extending lengths of the movable sections are different at two positions of the poking plates after the collision as shown by dotted lines in fig. 10, so that the movable sections can accurately block the tires during the small offset collision through the poking plates, and the most rationalization of collision force transmission is ensured.
Since the threshold 21 itself has high rigidity and can be regarded as a rigid component, after the movable section 23 at the front end of the threshold is extended, the bayonet 24 is ejected and moves outwards along with the movable section 23, and the bayonet is far away from the front end face 27 of the threshold at this time, as shown in fig. 8 and 9; when the tire is collided and then the movable section 23 is extruded, the movable section gradually retracts to the front end of the threshold 21, when the clamping pin 24 is in contact with the front end face 27 of the threshold, the movable section 23 does not retract any more, and the part of the movable section between the baffle and the clamping pin is crushed to absorb energy. In practical application, the distance between the baffle and the clamping pin can be flexibly designed according to the requirement of vehicle performance.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the claims appended to the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A vehicle collision energy absorption device is characterized by comprising a front longitudinal beam, a floor lower longitudinal beam, a cross beam and a doorsill parallel to the front longitudinal beam, wherein the floor lower longitudinal beam is positioned between the front longitudinal beam and the doorsill, and the rear end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is rotatably connected with the middle part of the cross beam; two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the rear end of the threshold and the rear end of the front longitudinal beam; one side of the front end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is connected with the front longitudinal beam through a first hydraulic telescopic piece, the other side of the front end of the floor lower longitudinal beam is connected with the threshold through a second hydraulic telescopic piece, and the first hydraulic telescopic piece and the second hydraulic telescopic piece are arranged oppositely; the front end of the front longitudinal beam is provided with a trigger part, and a first hydraulic system connected with the first hydraulic telescopic piece is arranged on the front longitudinal beam; a movable section is arranged in the front end of the threshold in a sliding manner, and a second hydraulic system connected with the second hydraulic telescopic piece and the movable section is arranged on the threshold; when the triggering portion is collided, the first hydraulic system is triggered to push the first hydraulic expansion piece to extend, the front end of the under-floor longitudinal beam moves towards the direction close to the doorsill, the second hydraulic expansion piece is compressed, and the second hydraulic system is promoted to push the movable section to extend out of the front port of the doorsill.
2. The vehicle collision energy absorption device according to claim 1, wherein an elastic limiting mechanism is arranged on the movable section, the elastic limiting mechanism comprises a spring and a bayonet, a groove is arranged on the movable section, one end of the spring is connected with the bottom of the groove, and the other end of the spring is connected with the bayonet; the bayonet pin has a first position located in the recess and a second position extending out of the recess.
3. The vehicle crash energy absorber according to claim 2 wherein said active segment is provided with an annular reinforcement on an outer surface thereof.
4. The vehicle crash energy absorber of claim 2 wherein said active segment front port is a closed port.
5. The vehicle collision energy absorption device according to claim 1, wherein the first hydraulic expansion element comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a support rod and an elastic element, the support rod is slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the first hydraulic system; one end of the elastic piece is connected with the lower longitudinal beam of the floor, and the other end of the elastic piece penetrates through one end, far away from the first hydraulic system, of the hydraulic cylinder and is connected with the upper end of the supporting rod.
6. The vehicle collision energy absorption device according to claim 5, wherein the support rod comprises a first round block, a second round block and a connecting rod, two ends of the connecting rod are respectively vertically connected with the first round block and the second round block, and the first round block, the second round block and the connecting rod together form an I-shaped structure; the first round block and the second round block are respectively in sliding fit with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, and the elastic piece is connected with the first round block.
7. The vehicle collision energy absorption device according to claim 1, wherein the trigger part comprises a toggle plate and a rotating plate, the toggle plate is parallel to the first hydraulic telescopic member, the front end of the front longitudinal beam is provided with an installation groove, and the middle part of the rotating plate is rotatably connected with the middle part of the side wall of the installation groove; the first hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the front longitudinal beam, a rear stop block arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic rod and a front stop block, the front stop block is arranged in the mounting groove and is opposite to the rotating plate, one end of the hydraulic rod is vertically connected with the rear stop block, and the other end of the hydraulic rod penetrates through the hydraulic cylinder and is vertically connected with the front stop block; the poking plate is rotatably connected with the upper part of the side wall of the mounting groove, the lower end of the poking plate is positioned between the rotating plate and the front stop block, and the upper end of the poking plate extends out of the mounting groove.
8. The vehicle collision energy absorption device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the number of the first hydraulic telescopic parts and the number of the second hydraulic telescopic parts are three, and each first hydraulic telescopic part is arranged opposite to each second hydraulic telescopic part.
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