CN114273612B - Preparation method of ceramic core for refining grains on inner cavity surface of superalloy casting - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic core for refining grains on inner cavity surface of superalloy casting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a high-temperature alloy casting, which comprises the following steps: (1) Weighing SiO according to parts by weight 2 92-96 parts of ZrSiO 4 3 to 5 parts of Al 2 O 3 1-5 parts; (2) Injecting the ceramic core raw material into a Tao Xinmo tool to obtain a ceramic core green body; (3) sintering the ceramic core green body; (4) cutting off the redundant part of the ceramic core and polishing; (5) Dipping the ceramic core in silica sol slurry to obtain an dipped ceramic core; (6) Drying and roasting the impregnated ceramic core to obtain a sintered ceramic core; (7) Stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core to leave a layer of coating with cobalt aluminate; (8) Immersing the trimmed ceramic core into strengthening liquid, and taking out and naturally airing after immersing; (9) visual inspection of the ceramic core; and (10) detecting the dimension of the ceramic core. The preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the inner cavity surface of the high-temperature alloy casting can effectively refine the crystal grains on the inner cavity of the casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature alloy, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a high-temperature alloy casting.
Background
The ceramic core is mainly used for forming complex inner cavities of castings, the problem that the grains on the surfaces of the inner cavities are thick can occur when the existing ceramic core is used for forming the inner cavities of equiaxial castings, and the coarse grains can cause failure of parts due to fracture of using conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high speed rotation in the later service process, so that the service life of the parts is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the inner cavity surface of a high-temperature alloy casting.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a superalloy casting comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO according to parts by weight 2 92-96 parts of ZrSiO 4 3 to 5 parts of Al 2 O 3 1-5 parts;
(2) Pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw materials into a Tao Xinmo tool by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body;
(3) Sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body in the step (2);
(4) And (3) ceramic core finishing: cutting off redundant parts of the sintered ceramic core by using a polishing tool and polishing;
(5) Ceramic core impregnated surface coating: dipping the ceramic core polished in the step (4) in silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core;
(6) Baking the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the impregnated ceramic core to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) And (3) ceramic core finishing: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, leaving a layer of coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is defect-free;
(8) Strengthening the ceramic core: immersing the trimmed ceramic core into the strengthening liquid for 10-20 min, and taking out for natural airing;
(9) Visual inspection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a magnifying glass, so that the defects of pits and cracks cannot occur;
(10) And (3) detecting the ceramic core size: and detecting the sintered ceramic core through 3D blue light scanning, wherein the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of casting drawing.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 65-70 ℃, the injection pressure is 3-6 Mpa, and the injection flow is 300-320 cc/sec.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting comprises the following steps: the sintering process in the step (3) is that the temperature is raised to 100-150 ℃ from room temperature for 500-700 min, then the temperature is kept for 300-360 min after reaching 100-150 ℃, the temperature is raised to 300-450 ℃ from 100-150 ℃ for 1500-2000 min, then the temperature is kept for 240-360 min after reaching 300-450 ℃, the temperature is raised to 1200-1400 min after reaching 300-450 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 360-600 min after reaching 1200-1260 ℃, and then the sintering process is cooled.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting comprises the following steps: the silica sol slurry in the step (5) comprises 3 to 7 percent of cobalt aluminate, 70 to 75 percent of zircon sand and 18 to 27 percent of silica sol.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the roasting temperature rising rate is 10-20 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting comprises the following steps: in the step (8), the strengthening liquid is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 25-30%.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the inner cavity surface of the high-temperature alloy casting, the ceramic core surface coating is added in the preparation process of the ceramic core, so that the crystal grains on the inner cavity of the casting can be effectively refined, and the preparation process is simple and effective.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a superalloy casting comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO according to parts by weight 2 92 parts of ZrSiO 4 5 parts of Al 2 O 3 3 parts;
(2) Pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw materials into a Tao Xinmo tool by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body, wherein the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 65 ℃, the injection pressure is 3Mpa, and the injection flow is 300cc/sec;
(3) Sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body in the step (2), wherein the sintering process is that the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ from room temperature for 500min, the temperature is kept for 300min after reaching 100 ℃, the temperature is raised to 300 ℃ from 100 ℃ for 1500min, the temperature is kept for 240min after reaching 300 ℃, the temperature is raised to 1200 ℃ from 300 ℃ for 1200min, the temperature is kept for 360min after reaching 1200 ℃, and then cooling is performed;
(4) And (3) ceramic core finishing: cutting and polishing the structure of the parting line reinforcing rib on the surface of the sintered ceramic core by using polishing tools such as sand paper, files, grinding heads and the like;
(5) Ceramic core impregnated surface coating: dipping the ceramic core polished in the step (4) in silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core, wherein the silica sol slurry comprises 4% cobalt aluminate, 70% zircon sand and 26% silica sol;
(6) Baking the ceramic core coating: drying, roasting, wherein the roasting heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6 hours, so as to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) And (3) ceramic core finishing: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, only leaving a layer of coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is defect-free;
(8) Strengthening the ceramic core: immersing the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening liquid which is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 25%, soaking for 10min, and taking out and naturally airing;
(9) Visual inspection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a 10-time magnifying glass, so that the defects of pits and cracks cannot occur;
(10) And (3) detecting the ceramic core size: and detecting the sintered ceramic core through 3D blue light scanning, wherein the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of casting drawing.
Example 2
A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a superalloy casting comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO according to parts by weight 2 94 parts of ZrSiO 4 5 parts of Al 2 O 3 1 part;
(2) Pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw materials into a Tao Xinmo tool by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body, wherein the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 68 ℃, the injection pressure is 5Mpa, and the injection flow is 310cc/sec;
(3) Sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body in the step (2), wherein the sintering process is that the temperature rise time from room temperature to 120 ℃ is 600min, the temperature is kept for 320min after reaching 120 ℃, the temperature rise time from 120 ℃ to 400 ℃ is 1600min, the temperature is kept for 300min after reaching 400 ℃, the temperature rise time from 400 ℃ to 1250 ℃ is 1300min, the temperature is kept for 500min after reaching 1250 ℃, and then cooling is performed;
(4) And (3) ceramic core finishing: cutting and polishing the structure of the parting line reinforcing rib on the surface of the sintered ceramic core by using polishing tools such as sand paper, files, grinding heads and the like;
(5) Ceramic core impregnated surface coating: dipping the ceramic core polished in the step (4) in silica sol slurry, wherein the silica sol slurry comprises 3% cobalt aluminate, 74% zircon sand and 23% silica sol, so as to obtain a dipped ceramic core;
(6) Baking the ceramic core coating: drying, roasting, wherein the roasting heating rate is 15 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours, so as to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) And (3) ceramic core finishing: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, only leaving a layer of coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is defect-free;
(8) Strengthening the ceramic core: immersing the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening liquid which is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 28%, soaking for 15min, and taking out and naturally airing;
(9) Visual inspection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a 10-time magnifying glass, so that the defects of pits and cracks cannot occur;
(10) And (3) detecting the ceramic core size: and detecting the sintered ceramic core through 3D blue light scanning, wherein the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of casting drawing.
Example 3
A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a superalloy casting comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO according to parts by weight 2 96 parts of ZrSiO 4 3 parts of Al 2 O 3 1 part;
(2) Pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw materials into a Tao Xinmo tool by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body, wherein the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 70 ℃, the injection pressure is 6Mpa, and the injection flow is 320cc/sec;
(3) Sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body in the step (2), wherein the sintering process is that the temperature is raised to 150 ℃ from room temperature for 700min, then the temperature is kept for 360min after reaching 150 ℃, the temperature is raised to 450 ℃ from 150 ℃ for 2000min, then the temperature is kept for 360min after reaching 450 ℃, the temperature is raised to 1260 ℃ for 1400min, and then the ceramic core green body is cooled after reaching 1260 ℃;
(4) And (3) ceramic core finishing: cutting and polishing the structure of the parting line reinforcing rib on the surface of the sintered ceramic core through polishing tools such as sand paper, files, grinding heads and the like;
(5) Ceramic core impregnated surface coating: dipping the ceramic core polished in the step (4) in silica sol slurry, wherein the silica sol slurry comprises 7% cobalt aluminate, 70% zircon sand and 23% silica sol, so as to obtain a dipped ceramic core, and taking out and naturally airing;
(6) Baking the ceramic core coating: drying, roasting, wherein the roasting heating rate is 20 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4 hours, so as to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) And (3) ceramic core finishing: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, only leaving a layer of coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, ensuring the surface of the ceramic core to be free from defects, and if the ceramic core is defective, properly repairing and finishing the ceramic core to ensure the surface to be complete;
(8) Strengthening the ceramic core: immersing the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening liquid which is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 30%, soaking for 20min, and taking out and naturally airing;
(9) Visual inspection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a 10-time magnifying glass, so that the defects of pits and meat deficiency cracks cannot occur;
(10) And (3) detecting the ceramic core size: and detecting the sintered ceramic core through 3D blue light scanning, wherein the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of casting drawing.
Working principle: according to the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the high-temperature alloy casting, a coating with cobalt aluminate is attached to the ceramic core, when the ceramic core is used in the later period and the inner cavity of the casting is formed, high-temperature alloy liquid is poured and then contacts with the surface of a mould shell, and the high-temperature alloy liquid is subjected to chemical reaction with the cobalt aluminate at high temperature to reduce metal cobalt particles, the nascent cobalt particles enter the surface layer of the solidifying casting, the nascent cobalt particles have the same face-centered cubic lattice structure and similar lattice constant with the high-temperature alloy, and the metal atoms are easy to crystallize and grow on the cobalt particles serving as crystal nuclei, so that the nucleation rate of alloy melt is greatly improved, and the grains on the inner cavity surface of the casting are refined; the ceramic core prepared by the method can reduce the grade of the crystal grain by 2-3 levels according to the crystal grain evaluation standard of a comparison method in HB 20057-2011 casting high temperature alloy grain size evaluation method, and the service life of the later casting can be improved by 10-20%.
According to the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the inner cavity surface of the high-temperature alloy casting, the ceramic core surface coating is added in the preparation process of the ceramic core, so that the crystal grains on the inner cavity of the casting can be effectively refined, and the preparation process is simple and effective.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of a superalloy casting is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO according to parts by weight 2 92-96 parts of ZrSiO 4 3 to 5 parts of Al 2 O 3 1-5 parts;
(2) Pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw materials into a Tao Xinmo tool by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body;
(3) Sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body in the step (2);
(4) And (3) ceramic core finishing: cutting off redundant parts of the sintered ceramic core by using a polishing tool and polishing;
(5) Ceramic core impregnated surface coating: dipping the ceramic core polished in the step (4) in silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core;
(6) Baking the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the impregnated ceramic core to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) And (3) ceramic core finishing: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, leaving a layer of coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is defect-free;
(8) Strengthening the ceramic core: immersing the trimmed ceramic core into the strengthening liquid for 10-20 min, and taking out for natural airing;
(9) Visual inspection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a magnifying glass, so that the defects of pits and cracks cannot occur;
(10) And (3) detecting the ceramic core size: detecting the sintered ceramic core through 3D blue light scanning, wherein the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of casting drawing;
the silica sol slurry in the step (5) comprises 3 to 7 percent of cobalt aluminate, 70 to 75 percent of zircon sand and 18 to 27 percent of silica sol;
the sintering process in the step (3) is that the temperature is raised to 100-150 ℃ from room temperature for 500-700 min, then the temperature is kept for 300-360 min after reaching 100-150 ℃, the temperature is raised to 300-450 ℃ from 100-150 ℃ for 1500-2000 min, then the temperature is kept for 240-360 min after reaching 300-450 ℃, the temperature is raised to 1200-1400 min from 300-450 ℃ for 1200-600 min, and then the temperature is kept for 360-600 min after reaching 1200-1260 ℃ for cooling;
in the step (6), the roasting temperature rising rate is 10-20 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h.
2. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 65-70 ℃, the injection pressure is 3-6 Mpa, and the injection flow is 300-320 cc/sec.
3. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining grains on the inner cavity surface of the superalloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (8), the strengthening liquid is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 25-30%.
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