CN114273612A - Preparation method of ceramic core for refining surface grains of inner cavity of high-temperature alloy casting - Google Patents
Preparation method of ceramic core for refining surface grains of inner cavity of high-temperature alloy casting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting, which comprises the following steps: (1) weighing SiO in parts by weight292-96 parts of ZrSiO43 to 5 parts of Al2O31-5 parts; (2) injecting the ceramic core raw material into a ceramic core mould to obtain a ceramic core green body; (3) sintering the ceramic core green body; (4) cutting off redundant parts of the ceramic core and polishing; (5) dipping the ceramic core in silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core; (6) drying and roasting the dipped ceramic core to obtain a sintered ceramic core; (7) will be provided withStripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core to leave a coating with cobalt aluminate; (8) soaking the trimmed ceramic core in a strengthening solution, taking out and naturally drying; (9) visual detection of the ceramic core; (10) and (5) detecting the size of the ceramic core. The preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting can effectively refine the crystal grains of the inner cavity of the casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature alloys, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting.
Background
The ceramic core is mainly used for forming a complex inner cavity of a casting, when the inner cavity of an equiaxial casting is formed by the conventional ceramic core, the problem of coarse grains on the surface of the inner cavity can occur, and the coarse grains can cause the failure of a part due to the fracture of the part in the later service process due to the use conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high-speed rotation, so that the service life of the part is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO in parts by weight292-96 parts of ZrSiO43 to 5 parts of Al2O31-5 parts;
(2) pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw material into a ceramic core mould by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body;
(3) sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body obtained in the step (2);
(4) and (3) ceramic core trimming: cutting off redundant parts of the sintered ceramic core by using a grinding tool and grinding;
(5) coating the ceramic core dipping surface: dipping the polished ceramic core in the step (4) in silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core;
(6) roasting the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the dipped ceramic core to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) and (3) ceramic core trimming: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, leaving a coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is free of defects;
(8) strengthening the ceramic core: soaking the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening solution for 10-20 min, and taking out and naturally drying;
(9) visual detection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected through a magnifying glass, and the defects of depression and cracks cannot occur;
(10) and (3) detecting the size of the ceramic core: the sintered ceramic core is detected through 3D blue light scanning, and the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of a casting drawing.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 65-70 ℃, the injection pressure is 3-6 Mpa, and the injection flow is 300-320 cc/sec.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: the sintering process in the step (3) is that the temperature is raised from room temperature to 100-150 ℃ for 500-700 min, the temperature is kept for 300-360 min after reaching 100-150 ℃, the temperature is raised from 100-150 ℃ to 300-450 ℃ for 1500-2000 min, the temperature is kept for 240-360 min after reaching 300-450 ℃, the temperature is raised from 300-450 ℃ to 1200-1260 ℃ for 1200-1400 min, the temperature is kept for 360-600 min after reaching 1200-1260 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: the silica sol slurry in the step (5) comprises 3-7% of cobalt aluminate, 70-75% of zircon sand and 18-27% of silica sol.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the roasting temperature rise rate is 10-20 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h.
Preferably, the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: in the step (8), the strengthening solution is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 25-30%.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting, the surface coating of the ceramic core is added in the preparation process of the ceramic core, so that the crystal grains in the inner cavity of the casting can be effectively refined, and the preparation process is simple and effective.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO in parts by weight292 parts of ZrSiO45 parts of Al2O33 parts of a mixture;
(2) pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw material into a ceramic core mould by using a core pressing machine to obtain a ceramic core green body by using an injection molding process, wherein the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 65 ℃, the injection pressure is 3Mpa, and the injection flow is 300 cc/sec;
(3) sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body obtained in the step (2), wherein the sintering process comprises the steps of heating from room temperature to 100 ℃ for 500min, keeping the temperature for 300min after reaching 100 ℃, heating from 100 ℃ to 300 ℃ for 1500min, keeping the temperature for 240min after reaching 300 ℃, heating from 300 ℃ to 1200 ℃ for 1200min, keeping the temperature for 360min after reaching 1200 ℃, and then cooling;
(4) and (3) ceramic core trimming: cutting off and polishing the structure of the parting line reinforcing rib on the surface of the sintered ceramic core by using polishing tools such as abrasive paper, a file, a grinding head and the like;
(5) coating the ceramic core dipping surface: dipping the polished ceramic core in the step (4) into silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core, wherein the silica sol slurry comprises 4% of cobalt aluminate, 70% of zircon sand and 26% of silica sol;
(6) roasting the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the impregnated ceramic core, wherein the roasting heating rate is 10 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6 hours to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) and (3) ceramic core trimming: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, only leaving a coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is free of defects;
(8) strengthening the ceramic core: soaking the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening solution, wherein the strengthening solution is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 25%, taking out after soaking for 10min, and naturally drying;
(9) visual detection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a magnifying lens of 10 times, and the defects of depression and cracks cannot occur;
(10) and (3) detecting the size of the ceramic core: the sintered ceramic core is detected through 3D blue light scanning, and the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of a casting drawing.
Example 2
A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO in parts by weight294 parts of ZrSiO45 parts of Al2O31 part;
(2) pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw material into a ceramic core mould by using a core pressing machine to obtain a ceramic core green body by using an injection molding process, wherein the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 68 ℃, the injection pressure is 5Mpa, and the injection flow is 310 cc/sec;
(3) sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body obtained in the step (2), wherein the sintering process comprises the steps of heating from room temperature to 120 ℃ for 600min, keeping the temperature for 320min after the temperature reaches 120 ℃, heating from 120 ℃ to 400 ℃ for 1600min, keeping the temperature for 300min after the temperature reaches 400 ℃, heating from 400 ℃ to 1250 ℃ for 1300min, keeping the temperature for 500min after the temperature reaches 1250 ℃, and then cooling;
(4) and (3) ceramic core trimming: cutting off and polishing the structure of the parting line reinforcing rib on the surface of the sintered ceramic core by using polishing tools such as abrasive paper, a file, a grinding head and the like;
(5) coating the ceramic core dipping surface: dipping the polished ceramic core in the step (4) into silica sol slurry, wherein the silica sol slurry comprises 3% of cobalt aluminate, 74% of zircon sand and 23% of silica sol, so as to obtain a dipped ceramic core;
(6) roasting the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the impregnated ceramic core, wherein the roasting heating rate is 15 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) and (3) ceramic core trimming: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, only leaving a coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is free of defects;
(8) strengthening the ceramic core: soaking the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening solution, wherein the strengthening solution is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 28%, taking out after soaking for 15min, and naturally drying;
(9) visual detection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a magnifying lens of 10 times, and the defects of depression and cracks cannot occur;
(10) and (3) detecting the size of the ceramic core: the sintered ceramic core is detected through 3D blue light scanning, and the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of a casting drawing.
Example 3
A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO in parts by weight296 parts of ZrSiO43 parts of Al2O31 part;
(2) pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw material into a ceramic core mould by using a core pressing machine to obtain a ceramic core green body by using an injection molding process, wherein the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 70 ℃, the injection pressure is 6Mpa, and the injection flow is 320 cc/sec;
(3) sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body obtained in the step (2), wherein the sintering process comprises the steps of heating from room temperature to 150 ℃ for 700min, keeping the temperature for 360min after reaching 150 ℃, heating from 150 ℃ to 450 ℃ for 2000min, keeping the temperature for 360min after reaching 450 ℃, heating from 450 ℃ to 1260 ℃ for 1400min, keeping the temperature for 600min after reaching 1260 ℃, and then cooling;
(4) and (3) ceramic core trimming: cutting off and polishing the structure of the parting line reinforcing rib on the surface of the sintered ceramic core by using polishing tools such as abrasive paper, a file, a grinding head and the like;
(5) coating the ceramic core dipping surface: dipping the polished ceramic core in the step (4) into silica sol slurry, wherein the silica sol slurry comprises 7% of cobalt aluminate, 70% of zircon sand and 23% of silica sol to obtain a dipped ceramic core, and taking out and naturally drying the dipped ceramic core;
(6) roasting the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the impregnated ceramic core, wherein the roasting heating rate is 20 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4 hours to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) and (3) ceramic core trimming: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, only leaving a 0.1-0.5 mm layer of coating with cobalt aluminate, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is free of defects, if the surface of the ceramic core has defects, proper repair and finishing are required, and the surface is ensured to be complete;
(8) strengthening the ceramic core: soaking the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening solution, wherein the strengthening solution is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 30%, taking out after 20min, and naturally drying;
(9) visual detection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected by a magnifying glass of 10 times, and the defects of depression and meat deficiency cracks cannot occur;
(10) and (3) detecting the size of the ceramic core: the sintered ceramic core is detected through 3D blue light scanning, and the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of a casting drawing.
The working principle is as follows: the invention relates to a preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting, which is characterized in that a coating with cobalt aluminate is attached to a ceramic core, when the ceramic core is used at the later stage and the inner cavity of the casting is formed, high-temperature alloy liquid is poured and then contacts with the surface of a mould shell, and chemically reacts with the cobalt aluminate at high temperature to reduce metal cobalt particles, the nascent cobalt particles enter the surface layer of the casting which is being solidified, have the same face-centered cubic lattice structure and similar lattice constant as the high-temperature alloy, metal atoms are easy to crystallize and grow on the cobalt particles serving as crystal nuclei, the nucleation rate of an alloy melt is greatly improved, and the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the casting are refined; the ceramic core prepared by the method can reduce the grade of crystal grains by 2-3 according to the grain evaluation standard of a comparison method in HB 20057-plus 2011 'method for evaluating the grain size of the cast high-temperature alloy', and the service life of a later-stage casting can be prolonged by 10-20%.
According to the preparation method of the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting, the surface coating of the ceramic core is added in the preparation process of the ceramic core, so that the crystal grains in the inner cavity of the casting can be effectively refined, and the preparation process is simple and effective.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a ceramic core for refining crystal grains on the surface of an inner cavity of a high-temperature alloy casting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing ceramic core raw materials: weighing SiO in parts by weight292-96 parts of ZrSiO43 to 5 parts of Al2O31-5 parts;
(2) pressing and shaping the ceramic core: injecting the mixed ceramic core raw material into a ceramic core mould by using a core pressing machine by using an injection molding process method to obtain a ceramic core green body;
(3) sintering the ceramic core: sintering the ceramic core green body obtained in the step (2);
(4) and (3) ceramic core trimming: cutting off redundant parts of the sintered ceramic core by using a grinding tool and grinding;
(5) coating the ceramic core dipping surface: dipping the polished ceramic core in the step (4) in silica sol slurry to obtain a dipped ceramic core;
(6) roasting the ceramic core coating: drying and roasting the dipped ceramic core to obtain a sintered ceramic core;
(7) and (3) ceramic core trimming: stripping the slurry layer on the surface of the sintered ceramic core, leaving a coating with cobalt aluminate of 0.1-0.5 mm, and ensuring that the surface of the ceramic core is free of defects;
(8) strengthening the ceramic core: soaking the trimmed ceramic core into a strengthening solution for 10-20 min, and taking out and naturally drying;
(9) visual detection of the ceramic core: the surface of the ceramic core is inspected through a magnifying glass, and the defects of depression and cracks cannot occur;
(10) and (3) detecting the size of the ceramic core: the sintered ceramic core is detected through 3D blue light scanning, and the dimensional tolerance meets the requirement of a casting drawing.
2. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the pressing temperature of the core pressing machine during pressing is 65-70 ℃, the injection pressure is 3-6 Mpa, and the injection flow is 300-320 cc/sec.
3. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sintering process in the step (3) is that the temperature is raised from room temperature to 100-150 ℃ for 500-700 min, the temperature is kept for 300-360 min after reaching 100-150 ℃, the temperature is raised from 100-150 ℃ to 300-450 ℃ for 1500-2000 min, the temperature is kept for 240-360 min after reaching 300-450 ℃, the temperature is raised from 300-450 ℃ to 1200-1260 ℃ for 1200-1400 min, the temperature is kept for 360-600 min after reaching 1200-1260 ℃, and then the mixture is cooled.
4. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the silica sol slurry in the step (5) comprises 3-7% of cobalt aluminate, 70-75% of zircon sand and 18-27% of silica sol.
5. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (6), the roasting temperature rise rate is 10-20 ℃/min, the roasting temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h.
6. The method for preparing the ceramic core for refining the crystal grains on the surface of the inner cavity of the high-temperature alloy casting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (8), the strengthening solution is an epoxy resin ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 25-30%.
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