CN114271385A - Rumen bypass total nutrient composition, rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rumen bypass total nutrient composition, rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
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Landscapes
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rumen-protected total nutrient composition and a preparation method thereof, the rumen-protected total nutrient composition can be prepared into a coated pill, the coated pill comprises a pill core and a coating layer, and the coating layer covers the surface of the pill core; wherein, the pill core is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin a, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, niacinamide, choline, and guanidinoacetic acid; the coating layer is obtained by spraying 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet core. The rumen-protected total nutrient composition takes the hydrogenated palm oil as a coating layer, so that the decomposition of nutrients in rumen is reduced, thereby exerting outstanding nutritive value, and having the effects of improving the conversion rate of diet, promoting growth and weight increase, improving body type, reducing visceral fat deposition, improving animal health and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feeding, and particularly relates to a rumen-bypass total nutrient composition, a rumen-bypass total nutrient coated pill and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Ruminants are regained animals, and when eating, feed enters the rumen first and then enters the true stomach after being ruminated for several times. The rumen contains a large number of microorganisms that ferment feed in the rumen. After fermentation, the feed generally has an improved nutritional value, but at the same time, when certain nutrients, such as essential amino acids, vitamins, etc., are enriched in the feed, these substances are decomposed by microorganisms in the rumen and thus cannot be absorbed by the ruminant, and thus cannot provide the ruminant with necessary nutrients.
Currently, some rumen bypass products, such as coated lysine, coated methionine, etc., exist for ruminants. However, the components of the product are single, and the daily gain effect of animals after actual use is not ideal. Meanwhile, the coating material has high cost, the product has high manufacturing cost, the using cost of farmers is high, and the market popularization is extremely difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The rumen-bypass total nutrient composition takes hydrogenated palm oil as a coating layer, so that the decomposition of nutrients in rumen is reduced, the outstanding nutritional value is exerted, and the rumen-bypass total nutrient composition has the effects of improving the conversion rate of feed, promoting growth and weight increase, improving body types, reducing visceral fat deposition, improving animal health and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the rumen-bypass total nutrient composition is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
6-15 parts of lysine, 20-45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.5 part of vitamin D, 0.5-3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5-2 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1-5 parts of choline, 10-30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid and 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil.
A rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises a pill core and a coating layer, wherein the coating layer covers the surface of the pill core;
the pellet core is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6-15 parts of lysine, 20-45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.5 part of vitamin D, 0.5-3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5-2 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1-5 parts of choline and 10-30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid;
the coating layer is obtained by spraying 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet core.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials of the composition further include 5 to 15 parts by weight of an auxiliary material.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary material includes at least one of starch, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose;
preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise: dextrin 10 parts and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 0.9 part.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials comprise, by weight:
10 parts of lysine, 30 parts of DL-methionine, 0.6 part of vitamin A, 30.2 parts of vitamin D, 1.0 part of vitamin E, 10.9 parts of vitamin B, 0.9 part of nicotinamide, 1.5 parts of choline, 19 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil and 10.9 parts of auxiliary materials.
A method for preparing rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises:
weighing lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline and glycocyamine according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a nutrient mixture, and preparing the nutrient mixture into a pill core;
completely melting hydrogenated palm oil, and spraying onto the surface of the pellet core.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials further include an auxiliary material, and in the step of preparing the pellet core, the method further includes:
and fully mixing the nutrient mixture with starch or dextrin, adding a binder to prepare a soft material, and extruding and rounding the soft material to obtain the pellet core.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the binder is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with a concentration of 2-4%.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spraying of the hydrogenated palm oil further comprises: and (3) putting the pellet core into a fluidized bed, and drying for 1-2 h to ensure that the water content in the pellet core is lower than 8%.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of spraying the hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet core comprises:
placing the pellet core in coating equipment, taking hydrogenated palm oil as a coating liquid, keeping the temperature of the coating liquid at 75-85 ℃, and adjusting the temperature of inlet air to keep the temperature of the pellet core at 28-32 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following technical effects:
the rumen-bypass total nutrient composition provided by the invention is prepared by selecting the components of the nutrient elements which meet the requirements of rapid growth, high yield and body shortage under the existing ruminant feeding condition, filling short plates, and fully exerting the growth potential of fattening cattle and sheep, and the dosage and proportion are designed according to NRC (2001). The product can balance the daily ration amino acid level of the ruminant, improve the small intestine metabolic protein yield and improve the net meat yield by 10-15%; has the effects of improving the conversion rate of the feed, promoting growth, increasing weight, improving body shape, reducing visceral fat deposition, improving animal health and the like.
The rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill provided by the invention is prepared by taking hydrogenated palm oil as a coating solution. The hydrogenated palm oil has high melting point, is used as rumen bypass fat, keeps solid state in rumen without melting, and can protect other nutrient components. Meanwhile, as an outer coating layer for preparing rumen-bypass total nutrient, after reaching the small intestine, the amino acid, vitamin, choline and guanidinoacetic acid coated in the small intestine are released under the action of cholate and lipase and are absorbed and utilized by the small intestine. Therefore, the nutrient substances in the rumen-bypass total nutrient coated pill can all reach the true stomach to be absorbed, and the effect of supplementing total nutrient substances for the ruminant is really exerted.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the specific conditions not specified in the examples are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions suggested by the manufacturer, and that the reagents or equipment used are not specified by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available through commercial purchase.
The technical scheme of the embodiment is as follows:
the rumen-bypass total nutrient composition is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
6-15 parts of lysine, 20-45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.5 part of vitamin D, 0.5-3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5-2 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1-5 parts of choline, 10-30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid and 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil.
A rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises a pill core and a coating layer, wherein the coating layer covers the surface of the pill core;
the pellet core is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6-15 parts of lysine, 20-45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.5 part of vitamin D, 0.5-3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5-2 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1-5 parts of choline and 10-30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid.
The coating layer is obtained by spraying 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet core.
Further, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of lysine, 25-35 parts of DL-methionine, 0.4-0.7 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.3 part of vitamin D, 0.5-2 parts of vitamin E, 10.7-1.5 parts of vitamin B, 0.7-1.2 parts of nicotinamide, 1-3 parts of choline and 13-25 parts of guanidinoacetic acid.
More preferably, the raw materials comprise, by weight: 10 parts of lysine, 30 parts of DL-methionine, 0.6 part of vitamin A, 30.2 parts of vitamin D, 1.0 part of vitamin E, 10.9 parts of vitamin B, 0.9 part of nicotinamide, 1.5 parts of choline, 19 parts of guanidinoacetic acid and 25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil.
The inventor shows through continuous experiments that when ruminants such as cattle and sheep are fed, when bean pulp is taken as a protein source, methionine is the first limiting amino acid; when corn is used as the protein source, lysine is the first limiting amino acid; therefore, the first and second limiting amino acids of the currently widely used soybean meal/corn-type ruminant ration are methionine and lysine, respectively, while the common nutrients such as amino acid are easily decomposed and destroyed by rumen microorganisms in rumen.
By supplementing rumen-bypass total nutrients, DL-methionine as a first limiting amino acid is absorbed by small intestine when passing through rumen, and lysine as a second limiting amino acid is absorbed by small intestine when passing through rumen, the metabolic protein amino acid in small intestine can be balanced, the utilization efficiency of daily ration amino acid can be improved, the waste of expensive protein feed due to incomplete utilization is avoided, the synthesis of body protein is improved, the daily gain is improved, and the feeding cost is saved.
The vitamins are trace organic substances necessary for the life and growth of animals, but are extremely easy to oxidize and be degraded by rumen microorganisms, and the rumen bypass rate of the vitamins can be improved after the vitamins are coated, and the oxidation loss of the vitamins in storage is reduced. For adult ruminants, water-soluble vitamins can be synthesized by rumen microorganisms, but fat-soluble vitamin A and vitamin E must be provided by feed, and vitamin D can be synthesized by animal skin only under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays, so that animals under the condition of barn feeding are rarely irradiated by sunlight, so that vitamin D also needs to be supplemented additionally, common vitamins for oral administration are easily damaged by rumen microorganisms, and the fat-soluble vitamins in the rumen-bypass total nutrients can stride the rumen and be absorbed by small intestines to ensure the health and the production performance of the ruminants.
Choline is used as a methyl donor to promote the liver to synthesize fat, so that the fat is timely rotated out of the liver, and the harm of the fatty liver to the health of ruminants is reduced. Common choline chloride is almost destroyed in rumen, and rumen bypass choline contained in rumen bypass total nutrient is coated with choline chloride, so that degradation of microorganisms in rumen of ruminant is reduced, and the choline chloride directly enters small intestine and is then digested and absorbed.
For healthy ruminants, rumen microorganisms are able to synthesize most of the B vitamins, but high-producing cows, beef cattle with fast growth, need additional supplementation of vitamin B1 and niacinamide, which affect the function of the digestive system.
The fat is a high-energy organic matter which is easy to be utilized by animals, can effectively improve the insufficient energy supply of the animals, and promotes the fattening of the meat animals. Rumen bypass fat is an energy source which does not affect rumen fermentation and is easily digested, absorbed and utilized by a post-rumen digestive system. Rumen bypass fat is not easily decomposed in rumen fluid, and can pass through rumen without affecting rumen microbial flora, but is converted into absorbable form in true stomach and duodenum by chemical and enzyme action, and is finally absorbed in small intestine.
Guanidinoacetic acid is the only precursor for synthesizing creatine in animals, is synthesized from arginine and glycine in organisms, and plays an important role in energy metabolism of animals. The creatine synthesized endogenously by the animals accounts for about 2/3 of the creatine required, and the rest is provided by daily ration. The animal-derived feed raw material contains creatine, and the pure plant daily ration does not contain creatine. Due to the occurrence of mad cow disease, animal-derived feed raw materials are forbidden to be used in ruminant feed, and pure plant daily ration is adopted, so that insufficient creatine is caused in an animal body, and the growth performance of the animal is further influenced. The addition of glycocyamine can effectively compensate the reduction of animal production performance caused by pure plant daily ration, promote muscle synthesis and increase protein deposition. The glycocyamine coated by the rumen is not easy to damage in rumen, and can achieve ideal effect with less dosage.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw materials of the composition further include 5 to 15 parts by weight of an auxiliary material. Preferably, the auxiliary material is 8-12 parts by weight; more preferably, the adjuvant is 10.9 parts by weight. The auxiliary material comprises at least one of starch, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and further the auxiliary material is dextrin and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise 10 parts of dextrin and 0.9 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
A method for preparing rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises:
step S1: the preparation method comprises the following steps of taking lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline and glycocyamine according to the parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a nutrient mixture, and preparing the nutrient mixture into a pill core.
Further, in the step of preparing the pellet core, the method further comprises the following steps: and fully mixing the nutrient mixture with starch or dextrin, adding a binder to prepare a soft material, and extruding and rounding the soft material to obtain the pellet core.
Preferably, the binder is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose with the concentration of 2-4%. Because the viscosity of lysine is poor, a high-viscosity adhesive is selected to prepare a qualified soft material, so that the subsequent preparation of the rumen-bypass total nutrient pill core with extremely high sphericity is facilitated; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is selected as the adhesive, and the prepared soft material is very smooth to discharge in a double-screw extruder, so that the production efficiency is high.
Furthermore, the pellet core is prepared by adding a soft material into a double-screw extruder (the diameter of a pore plate is 1.0mm) to prepare a strip material, adding the strip material into a rounding machine, and preparing the rumen-bypass total nutrient pellet core with extremely high sphericity through shearing and rounding. Preferably, the pore diameter of the extruder pore plate is 1.0mm, and the rotating speed is 40 r/min. The parameters of the rounding machine are as follows: the frequency of the fan is 25Hz, the rotating speed is 700r/min, the time is 10s, and 2.0kg of material is fed each time.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps before spraying the hydrogenated palm oil: and (3) putting the pellet core into a fluidized bed, and drying for 1-2 h to ensure that the water content in the pellet core is lower than 8%.
Step S2: completely melting hydrogenated palm oil, and spraying onto the surface of the pellet core.
Further, the step of spraying the hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet core comprises:
preparing a coating solution: adding hydrogenated palm oil into an oil melting tank, heating to 80 ℃, stirring until the hydrogenated palm oil is completely melted, and keeping the temperature to maintain the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil to have better fluidity so that the hydrogenated palm oil can be uniformly coated on the surface of a pill core when being sprayed into a fluidized bed in the subsequent coating process to form a coating layer with good sealing property;
adding the prepared dry medicine pill core into a fluidized bed coating machine, slowly spraying coating liquid when the medicine is in a good fluidized state, and immediately solidifying the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil attached to the surface of the pill core on the surface of the pill core when encountering upward airflow at a temperature lower than the freezing point of the hydrogenated palm oil and gradually accumulating to form a complete protective layer. After the coating liquid is sprayed, cooling to obtain the rumen-protected total nutrient product.
Preferably, the pellet core is placed in a coating device, the temperature of the coating liquid is kept at 75-85 ℃ (preferably 80 ℃), the oxidation of the grease is accelerated and is not beneficial to the safety of production personnel above the temperature, and the fluidity is poor below the temperature, so that the coating effect is influenced; adjusting the temperature of the inlet air to keep the temperature of the pellet cores at 28-32 ℃ (preferably 30 ℃), and if the temperature is higher than the temperature, the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil is too slow to solidify, the pellet cores are adhered to each other to cause the step on the pot, and the continuous production cannot be carried out; below this temperature, the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil will solidify too quickly and will not have time to spread over the pellet core surface, and the coating rate of the final product will decrease, not reaching the significance of protecting the nutritional elements contained in the pellet core.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill, which comprises a pill core and a coating layer;
the pellet core mainly comprises the following raw materials: 15 parts of lysine, 20 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2 part of vitamin A, 30.5 parts of vitamin D, 0.5 part of vitamin E, 12 parts of vitamin B, 1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1 part of choline and 10 parts of guanidinoacetic acid;
the preparation method of the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises the following steps:
weighing lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline and glycocyamine according to the parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a nutrient mixture, mixing the nutrient mixture with auxiliary materials, and preparing into a pill core;
after 20 parts of hydrogenated palm oil is completely melted, the mixture is sprayed on the surface of a pill core to form a coating layer.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill, which comprises a pill core and a coating layer;
the pellet core mainly comprises the following raw materials: 6 parts of lysine, 45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1 parts of vitamin D, 3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5 parts of vitamin B, 0.5 part of nicotinamide, 5 parts of choline and 30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid;
the preparation method of the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises the following steps:
weighing lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline and glycocyamine according to the parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a nutrient mixture, mixing the nutrient mixture with auxiliary materials, and preparing into a pill core;
and (3) completely melting 30 parts of hydrogenated palm oil, and spraying the melted hydrogenated palm oil on the surface of the pellet core to form a coating layer.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill, which comprises a pill core and a coating layer;
the pellet core mainly comprises the following raw materials: 10 parts of lysine, 30 parts of DL-methionine, 0.6 part of vitamin A, 30.2 parts of vitamin D, 1.0 part of vitamin E, 10.9 parts of vitamin B, 0.9 part of nicotinamide, 1.5 parts of choline, 19 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil and 10 parts of dextrin.
The preparation method of the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises the following steps:
(1) the nutrient solution is prepared by adding lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline, glycocyamine and dextrin into a trough mixer in parts by weight, mixing for 15 minutes, and mixing uniformly to obtain a nutrient mixture.
(2) Mixing the nutrient mixture with a 3% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose to the nutrient mixture is 1.2: stirring for 10 minutes at 100 ℃ to prepare a soft material;
(3) adding the prepared soft material into a double-screw extruder (the diameter of a pore plate is 1.0mm), wherein the pore diameter of the pore plate of the extruder is 1.0mm, and the rotating speed is 40r/min, and preparing strip-shaped materials; and then adding the strip-shaped material into a rounding machine, and preparing the rumen-protected total nutrient pellet core with extremely high sphericity through shearing and rounding. The parameters of the rounding machine are that the frequency of a fan is 25Hz, the rotating speed is 700r/min, the time is 10s, and 2.0kg of material is fed each time.
(4) Putting the prepared medicine pill core into a fluidized bed, wherein the air inlet temperature is 55 ℃, the frequency of a fan is 40Hz, the bag shaking time is delayed for 6s, and the medicine pill core is dried for 1.5 hours, and the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent;
(5) preparing a coating solution: if the total amount is 100kg, weighing 25kg of hydrogenated palm oil, adding into an oil melting tank, heating to 80 deg.C, stirring to completely melt, and maintaining the temperature to maintain good fluidity of the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil.
(6) Adding the prepared dry medicine pill core into a fluidized bed coating machine, keeping the temperature of the coating liquid at 75-85 ℃, adjusting the temperature of inlet air to keep the temperature of the pill core at 28-32 ℃, slowly spraying the coating liquid when the pill core is in a good fluidized state, and immediately solidifying on the surface of the pill core when encountering upward airflow at a temperature lower than the solidifying point of the hydrogenated palm oil in a liquefied state, and gradually accumulating to form a complete protective layer. After the coating liquid is sprayed, cooling to obtain rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill, which comprises a pill core and a coating layer;
the pellet core mainly comprises the following raw materials: 8 parts of lysine, 35 parts of DL-methionine, 0.7 part of vitamin A, 30.1 parts of vitamin D, 2 parts of vitamin E, 10.7 parts of vitamin B, 0.7 part of nicotinamide, 1 part of choline, 25 parts of guanidinoacetic acid and 12 parts of dextrin.
The preparation method of the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises the following steps:
(1) the nutrient solution is prepared by adding lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline, glycocyamine and dextrin into a trough mixer in parts by weight, mixing for 15 minutes, and mixing uniformly to obtain a nutrient mixture.
(2) Mixing the nutrient mixture with 4% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose aqueous solution, stirring for 15 min, and making into soft material;
(3) adding the prepared soft material into a double-screw extruder (the diameter of a pore plate is 1.0mm), wherein the pore diameter of the pore plate of the extruder is 1.0mm, and the rotating speed is 40r/min, and preparing strip-shaped materials; and then adding the strip-shaped material into a rounding machine, and preparing the rumen-protected total nutrient pellet core with extremely high sphericity through shearing and rounding. The parameters of the rounding machine are that the frequency of a fan is 25Hz, the rotating speed is 700r/min, the time is 10s, and 2.0kg of material is fed each time.
(4) Putting the prepared medicine pill core into a fluidized bed, wherein the air inlet temperature is 55 ℃, the frequency of a fan is 40Hz, the bag shaking time is delayed for 6s, and the medicine pill core is dried for 1 hour, and the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent;
(5) preparing a coating solution: if the total amount is 100kg, weighing 25kg of hydrogenated palm oil, adding into an oil melting tank, heating to 80 deg.C, stirring to completely melt, and maintaining the temperature to maintain good fluidity of the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil.
(6) Adding the prepared dry medicine pellet core into a fluidized bed coating machine, keeping the temperature of the coating liquid at 85 ℃, adjusting the air inlet temperature to keep the temperature of the pellet core at 28 ℃, slowly spraying the coating liquid when the pellet core is in a good fluidized state, and cooling to obtain the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pellet.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill, which comprises a pill core and a coating layer;
the pellet core mainly comprises the following raw materials: 12 parts of lysine, 25 parts of DL-methionine, 0.4 part of vitamin A, 30.3 parts of vitamin D, 0.5 part of vitamin E, 11.5 parts of vitamin B, 1.2 parts of nicotinamide, 3 parts of choline, 13 parts of guanidinoacetic acid and 8 parts of dextrin.
The preparation method of the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill comprises the following steps:
(1) the nutrient solution is prepared by adding lysine, DL-methionine, vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, nicotinamide, choline, glycocyamine and dextrin into a trough mixer in parts by weight, mixing for 15 minutes, and mixing uniformly to obtain a nutrient mixture.
(2) Mixing the nutrient mixture with a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution with the concentration of 2%, stirring for 8 minutes, and preparing a soft material;
(3) adding the prepared soft material into a double-screw extruder (the diameter of a pore plate is 1.0mm), wherein the pore diameter of the pore plate of the extruder is 1.0mm, and the rotating speed is 40r/min, and preparing strip-shaped materials; and then adding the strip-shaped material into a rounding machine, and preparing the rumen-protected total nutrient pellet core with extremely high sphericity through shearing and rounding. The parameters of the rounding machine are that the frequency of a fan is 25Hz, the rotating speed is 700r/min, the time is 10s, and 2.0kg of material is fed each time.
(4) Putting the prepared medicine pill core into a fluidized bed, wherein the air inlet temperature is 55 ℃, the frequency of a fan is 40Hz, the bag shaking time is delayed for 6s, and the medicine pill core is dried for 2 hours, and the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent;
(5) preparing a coating solution: if the total amount is 100kg, weighing 25kg of hydrogenated palm oil, adding into an oil melting tank, heating to 80 deg.C, stirring to completely melt, and maintaining the temperature to maintain good fluidity of the liquefied hydrogenated palm oil.
(6) Adding the prepared dry medicine pellet core into a fluidized bed coating machine, keeping the temperature of the coating liquid at 75 ℃, adjusting the temperature of the inlet air to keep the temperature of the pellet core at 32 ℃, and slowly spraying the coating liquid when the pellet core is in a good fluidization state. After the coating liquid is sprayed, cooling to obtain rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill.
The use method and the effect are as follows:
the rumen-bypass total nutrient coated pill provided by the embodiment 1-5 can be directly fed to ruminants, and can also be fed after being added with daily ration and stirred.
The product is added into the fattening beef cattle feed, each cattle is 10-15 g per day, the daily gain can be increased by 100-150 g on the original basis, and the breeding economic benefit is improved; has considerable economic value.
The feed is added into fattening sheep feed, each sheep has 2-5 g per day, the daily gain can be increased by 10-15% on the original basis, and the breeding benefit is improved.
Experimental example 1 rumen bypass effect verification
The rumen bypass effect of the rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill is illustrated by taking adult West hybrid bull as an experimental object:
1 experimental animal: variety: adult west hybrid bull; weight: 552 kg; quantity: 1 head.
2. An experimental field: qiqi farming limited company's plant is qiban.
3. Experiment time: 12 and 9 months in 2021.
4. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
100 g of the rumen-protected total nutrient sample prepared in example 3 was taken and added to an drencher for cattle, and 500ml of drinking water was added to the drencher for cattle. After 5 hours, the cattle were slaughtered, and the rumen content and the omasum content were removed to see if the rumen-bypass total nutrients were still intact granules and destroyed.
5. The experimental results are as follows:
rumen-bypass total nutrient prepared by Chuanlongkinensis pharmaceutical industry Limited of Sichuan province is intact in rumen (the first stomach) and does not dissolve after 5 hours; while intact rumen-bypass total nutrients are also found in the omasum (third stomach), which indicates that the rumen-bypass total nutrients prepared by the method completely meet the requirements, namely, the total nutrients are not released basically in the rumen and are released in the digestive tract behind the rumen.
Experimental example 2 beef cattle feeding effect experiment
The feeding effect of the rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill on beef cattle is explained by taking a Holstein bull as an experimental object:
1 experimental animal: variety: a holstein bull; quantity: 20 heads. The breeding mode is as follows: raise in barn feeding.
2. An experimental field: a beef cattle fattening field of inner Mongolia Xunmong cattle industry Co.
3. Experiment time: 25 days at 9 months and 25 days at 2021 and 25 days at 10 months and 25 days at 2021.
4. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
two barns (10 barns in each barns) in the fattening field with the average weight of about 550kg are selected to carry out feeding experiments, wherein one barn is a control group, and the other barn is an experimental group. The two groups of feed have the same formula, and the rumen bypass total nutrient provided in example 3 is only added into the feed of an experimental group, each cow is fed with 15g per day after being added with TMR daily ration and stirred, and the feed is continuously fed for one month, weighed and recorded with data.
6. The experimental results are as follows:
TABLE 1 daily gain of cattle in control group
TABLE 2 daily gain of cattle in the experimental group
| Cattle serial number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Initial body weight/kg | 552 | 548 | 550 | 548 | 550 | 562 | 545 | 560 | 554 | 547 |
| Body weight/kg after experiment | 608 | 604 | 605 | 601 | 609 | 620 | 599 | 617 | 611 | 605 |
| Daily gain/kg | 1.86 | 1.87 | 1.83 | 1.76 | 2.06 | 1.96 | 1.80 | 1.90 | 1.90 | 1.93 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the average daily gain of the cattle in the control group is 1.74kg, the average daily gain of the cattle in the experimental group is 1.88kg, and the average daily gain is increased by 0.14kg compared with the control group, thereby demonstrating that the rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill provided by the application has the effects of improving the feed conversion rate, promoting growth and increasing weight
Finally, it should be noted that: the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rumen-bypass total nutrient composition is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
6-15 parts of lysine, 20-45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.5 part of vitamin D, 0.5-3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5-2 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1-5 parts of choline, 10-30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid and 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil.
2. The rumen-protected total nutrient coated pill is characterized by comprising a pill core and a coating layer, wherein the coating layer covers the surface of the pill core;
the pellet core is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6-15 parts of lysine, 20-45 parts of DL-methionine, 0.2-0.8 part of vitamin A, 30.1-0.5 part of vitamin D, 0.5-3 parts of vitamin E, 10.5-2 parts of vitamin B, 0.5-1.5 parts of nicotinamide, 1-5 parts of choline and 10-30 parts of guanidinoacetic acid;
the coating layer is obtained by spraying 15-25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet core.
3. The rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill according to claim 2, wherein the raw material of the coated pill further comprises 5-15 parts by weight of an auxiliary material.
4. The rumen bypass total nutrient coated pellet as claimed in claim 3, wherein the adjuvant comprises at least one of starch, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose;
preferably, the auxiliary materials include: dextrin 10 parts and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 0.9 part.
5. The rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill according to claim 3, wherein the raw materials comprise, in parts by weight:
10 parts of lysine, 30 parts of DL-methionine, 0.6 part of vitamin A, 30.2 parts of vitamin D, 1.0 part of vitamin E, 10.9 parts of vitamin B, 0.9 part of nicotinamide, 1.5 parts of choline, 19 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 25 parts of hydrogenated palm oil and 10.9 parts of auxiliary materials.
6. A method for preparing rumen bypass total nutrient coated pellets according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising:
uniformly mixing the lysine, the DL-methionine, the vitamin A, the vitamin D3, the vitamin E, the vitamin B1, the nicotinamide, the choline and the guanidinoacetic acid in parts by weight to obtain a nutrient mixture, and preparing the nutrient mixture into a pill core;
and (3) completely melting the hydrogenated palm oil, and spraying the melted hydrogenated palm oil on the surface of the pellet core to form a coating layer.
7. The method for preparing the rumen bypass total nutrient coated pill according to claim 6, wherein the raw materials further comprise auxiliary materials, and in the step of preparing the pill core, the method further comprises the following steps:
and fully mixing the nutrient mixture with starch or dextrin, adding a binder to prepare a soft material, and extruding and rounding the soft material to obtain the pellet core.
8. The method for preparing the rumen bypass total nutrient coated pellet as claimed in claim 7, wherein the binder is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with a concentration of 2-4%.
9. The method for preparing rumen bypass total nutrient coated pellets according to claim 6, further comprising, before spraying the hydrogenated palm oil: and putting the pellet core into a fluidized bed, and drying for 1-2 hours to ensure that the moisture content in the pellet core is lower than 8%.
10. The method for preparing rumen bypass total nutrient coated pellets according to claim 6, wherein the step of spraying the hydrogenated palm oil on the pellet cores comprises:
and (3) placing the pellet core into coating equipment, taking the hydrogenated palm oil as a coating liquid, keeping the temperature of the coating liquid at 75-85 ℃, and adjusting the temperature of inlet air to keep the temperature of the pellet core at 28-32 ℃.
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