CN114267380B - Multidimensional optical storage method using polyacrylonitrile as optical storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of optical storage, and discloses a multidimensional optical storage method using polyacrylonitrile as an optical storage medium. According to the invention, the polyacrylonitrile is used as an optical storage medium for optical storage for the first time, and when the stored data is written in the polyacrylonitrile, the required laser energy is obviously lower than the energy required by fused quartz processing, so that the performance requirement of a multi-dimensional optical storage system on a femtosecond laser can be greatly reduced, and the system cost is effectively reduced. The invention also provides 2 modified structures which are optimized by laser processing, namely a micropore structure and an anisotropic structure, and the modified structures can be flexibly applied as a memory cell design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical storage, and in particular relates to a multidimensional optical storage method using polyacrylonitrile as an optical storage medium.
Background
We are entering a digital age, world digitization brings massive data, and according to IDC prediction, global data volume doubles every two years, and 2025 global data volume is predicted to be 175ZB (1 zb=10) 9 TB＝10 12 GB). Storing these data with the prior art presents two major problems: one is extremely high power consumption, and a common hard disk consumes a large amount of electric energy in use, and according to the statistics of the American natural resource protection society, the electric quantity used for data storage in the whole United states in 2020 reaches 1400 hundred million kilowatt-hours, which is equivalent to 1/3 of annual energy production in 2013 in United kingdom. The second is that the prior art storage technology has a low unit storage density, and if a blu-ray disc is used to store 175ZB of data, they are stacked around the earth 222. In the existing data storage technology, the optical storage has the advantages of green energy conservation due to the 'off-line' storage characteristic, almost no power is consumed in an idle state, and the power consumed by the optical storage system is less than 1% of that consumed by the hard disk system estimated in a 50-year use period. With the advent of super-resolution optical storage technology and multidimensional optical storage technology, the capacity of an optical disc is expected to reach tens of TB or even PB (1tb=10 3 GB，1PB＝10 6 GB). Therefore, research and development of new optical storage technologies have been receiving more and more attention from researchers and enterprises in recent years.
Among the existing novel optical storage technology routes, the fused quartz-based multidimensional optical storage technology is one of the technologies which are more concerned and have better industrialization prospects. In 2013, researchers at the japanese central institute of japan have implemented three-dimensional optical storage technology using a microporous structure created by a femtosecond laser in fused silica. The nanometer grating structure can be formed in fused quartz by utilizing multipulse processing, the structure has double refraction characteristics, the slow axis direction of the structure can be regulated and controlled by laser polarization, the optical path delay value can be regulated and controlled by laser intensity, and the structure can be used for realizing five-dimensional optical storage. In 2010 Shimotsuma et al show for the first time the principle of storing information using a nano-grating structure. In 2014, zhang Jingyu doctor of south Anton, etc. applies a laser modulation system without a mechanical rotating component to a five-dimensional optical storage writing device, and improves the writing speed by two orders of magnitude on the basis of the original laser direct writing system. At present, microsoft and south-ampton develop deep cooperation on a five-dimensional optical storage technology, develop Project silicon projects specially used for next-generation cloud storage, and cooperate with the Chinese brothers in 2019 to store 75.68GB of movies in a 75mm 2mm fused quartz. However, because the processing threshold of fused silica is high, a fused silica-based multi-dimensional optical storage system often needs to be equipped with a high-power femtosecond laser, and the industrialization of the multi-dimensional optical storage technology is severely restricted by the price of tens of millions of devices. In addition, the nano grating structure is only generated in a few inorganic materials such as fused quartz, germanium oxide glass, sapphire, diamond, ULE glass and the like, so that the problem of overhigh structure processing threshold cannot be solved, and the industrialized application of the multi-dimensional optical storage system is limited. In order to solve the above problems, a new alternative material needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or improvements of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multidimensional optical storage method using polyacrylonitrile as an optical storage medium, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is used as the optical storage medium for optical storage for the first time, and when data is written into the polyacrylonitrile, the required laser energy is significantly lower than the energy required for fused silica processing, so that the performance requirement of the multidimensional optical storage system on a femtosecond laser can be greatly reduced, and the system cost is effectively reduced. The invention also provides 2 modified structures which are optimized by laser processing, namely a micropore structure and an anisotropic structure, and the modified structures can be flexibly applied as a memory cell design.
To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided the use of polyacrylonitrile as an optical storage medium.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the polyacrylonitrile is used in combination with a femtosecond laser which generates laser light for processing in the polyacrylonitrile to form a microporous structure when writing data.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the polyacrylonitrile is configured to realize data reading by scattering illumination light by a microporous structure when reading data.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the polyacrylonitrile is used in combination with a femtosecond laser, and the laser generated by the femtosecond laser is used for processing in the polyacrylonitrile to form an anisotropic structure when writing data.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, when the polyacrylonitrile reads data, the polarization state of the illumination polarized light is changed by using an anisotropic structure, and the data reading is realized by detecting the transmitted light intensity;
preferably, a polarizer and an analyzer are used in combination when reading data.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the polyacrylonitrile is used for reading data by measuring the slow axis angle phi and/or the optical path delay value tau of the anisotropic structure.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the laser energy generated by the femtosecond laser is 10-30nJ.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the data is a bit string formed by 0 and/or 1 encoding;
wherein, the code of 0 corresponds to no processing, and the code of 1 corresponds to laser processing; alternatively, a code of 1 corresponds to no machining and a code of 0 corresponds to laser machining.
As a further preferred aspect of the invention, the stored data is divided into two parts, the first part being stored by the slow axis angle of the anisotropic structure after encoding and the second part being stored by the optical path delay value of the anisotropic structure after encoding.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the polyacrylonitrile is specifically a polyacrylonitrile film or a polyacrylonitrile bulk.
Compared with the prior art, the anisotropic structure similar to the nano grating is discovered in the organic material polyacrylonitrile for the first time, the laser energy required by the structure generation is obviously lower than the energy required by fused quartz processing (the laser energy required by the fused quartz processing is always more than 100nJ, and the laser energy required by the laser processing of the polyacrylonitrile is only 10-30 nJ), so that the performance requirement of a multidimensional optical storage system on a femtosecond laser is greatly reduced, the system cost is effectively reduced, and the method has great significance for industrialization of the technology.
At present, the anisotropic structure can be realized in a few inorganic materials such as fused quartz, and the polyacrylonitrile adopted by the invention is used for processing similar structures in organic materials for the first time. The invention uses polyacrylonitrile as optical storage medium, and can produce anisotropic structure similar to that of bulk material in polyacrylonitrile by femtosecond laser processing, and the structure has double refraction characteristic, thus realizing multidimensional optical storage technology. Taking 5-dimensional optical storage as an example, slow axis angleAnd the retardation value τ is two parameters for characterizing the birefringence of the structure, which are controlled by the polarization direction and the laser energy, respectively, and can store information, i.e. one anisotropic structure corresponds to one +.>Combination (if only use +.>Or τ alone, then corresponding 4-dimensional optical storage). Compared with glass 5-dimensional optical storage, the invention adopts polyacrylonitrile as a storage medium, so that the laser energy is lower, the performance requirement on a femtosecond laser can be obviously reduced, and the cost of the femtosecond laser in the multidimensional optical storage system is higher, so that the invention can obviously reduce the hardware cost of the multidimensional optical storage system.
Based on the invention, the polyacrylonitrile can be processed by the femtosecond laser, and a modified structure (such as a micropore structure and an anisotropic structure) can be processed at any position in the material by means of the multiphoton absorption effect of the material on the femtosecond laser, so that the multiplexing of 3-dimensional space is realized.
And compared with materials such as fused quartz, sapphire glass and ULE glass, the polyacrylonitrile has lower cost, easy processing and forming, better weather resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, good shock resistance, lower use cost and more suitability for daily use, and can overcome the defect that the materials such as the fused quartz are fragile. The invention can adopt polyacrylonitrile film or polyacrylonitrile block as storage medium; taking a polyacrylonitrile film as an example, the polyacrylonitrile film has better bending performance and can be used as a flexible storage material; taking polyacrylonitrile block as an example, the polyacrylonitrile block can be manufactured into various shapes, such as a form similar to a blue-ray disc, and is expected to be compatible with the existing optical drive system.
Based on the invention, the following 3 storage schemes can be further designed:
(1) The memory cells are micro-holes created inside the polyacrylonitrile material by femtosecond laser pulses. The storage principle is that data is firstly encoded into a bit string consisting of 0 and 1, wherein the state 0 corresponds to no processing and no modification of the material, the state 1 corresponds to processing (or can be interchanged according to convention), and a microporous structure is processed in the material by adopting a single pulse. The stored data can be read by scattering of illumination light with microwells in either transmission or reflection mode of the optical microscope.
(2) The memory cell is an anisotropic structure created inside the polyacrylonitrile material by femtosecond laser pulses. The storage principle is that data is firstly encoded into a bit string composed of 0 and 1, wherein the state 0 corresponds to no processing and no modification of the material, the state 1 corresponds to laser processing, and an anisotropic structure is processed in the material by using femtosecond laser, and the structure shows double refraction characteristics. The stored data can be read by measuring the change in polarization state of the illumination light after passing through the anisotropic structure in the cross polarization mode of the optical microscope. That is, when reading data, the data reading can be realized by changing the polarization state of the illumination polarized light by using the anisotropic structure; when illumination light passing through the anisotropic structure passes through the crossed polarizer, other illumination light cannot pass through the crossed polarizer, and data reading is realized by detecting the light intensity passing through the crossed polarizer. For example, cross polarization transmission microscopy imaging can be used, for example, when the polarizer is polarized at 0 degrees, and the analyzer is polarized at 90 degrees, the polarization state of incident light is not changed in the unprocessed area (background area), the incident light cannot pass through the analyzer, the image is black, the polarization state of illumination light can be partially passed through the analyzer by the processed area (namely, the data point), and the bright point on the image is obviously different from the unprocessed position. The image obtained by the method has the advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio, and can improve the decoding accuracy.
(3) The memory cell is an anisotropic structure produced by processing a femtosecond laser in a polyacrylonitrile material, and the slow axis direction of the structure can take a plurality of discrete values, which are modulated by the polarization state of laser pulses (i.e. can be controlled by the polarization direction of the laser), and the optical path delay value can also take a plurality of discrete values, which are modulated by the pulse intensity of the laser (i.e. can be controlled by the pulse energy of the laser, the pulse number of processing, etc.). When stored, the data may first be split into two parts, e.g., a and B. The data A is encoded into N states of 1,2 … N and the like (N can be a preset positive integer with the size not exceeding 16, the numerical value of N can be determined by measurement precision, allowed large error rate and the like), and the N slow axis directions of 0 degree, 180 degrees/N, 180 degrees (N-1)/N and the like can be regulated and controlled by the laser polarization direction. The data B is encoded into M states such as 1,2 … M (M can be a preset positive integer with the size not exceeding 4, the value of M can be determined by measurement precision, allowed large error rate and the like), and M delay values such as L,2*L, …, M, L and the like can be regulated and controlled by the energy of laser pulses. And combining each bit of information of the data of the two parts A and B to obtain a (a, B) state pair corresponding to the laser polarization and energy pair (theta, p). And processing an anisotropic structure in the material by using the modulated laser pulse, wherein a slow axis angle phi and an optical path delay value tau corresponding to the anisotropic structure can be measured by using a double refraction microscope and a polarization microscope, and decoding of data is completed.
Therefore, based on the invention, the data can be stored in the three-dimensional volume space, multiplexing of the three-dimensional space direction is realized, and 3-dimensional optical storage is realized; further, the slow axis angle Φ and the optical path delay value τ can be more preferably used, and 5-dimensional optical storage can be realized at most. The storage scheme (1) is based on a microporous structure, and the storage schemes (2) and (3) are based on anisotropic structures. The main difference between the storage schemes (2) and (3) is that the storage scheme (2) does not use all information of an anisotropic structure, does not regulate and control the birefringence of the structure, and only uses a cross polarization method to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of signal reading, so that the signal reading method is simple; the storage scheme (3) utilizes the birefringence information of the structure, namely the slow axis angle and the optical path delay, and the information reading needs to measure the birefringence value of the structure, so that the information reading is more complicated.
In conclusion, based on the invention, the multi-dimensional optical storage technology is realized by adopting polyacrylonitrile as a storage medium, which is beneficial to the early commercial and popularization of the large-capacity optical storage technology.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system light path diagram corresponding to embodiment 1 of the present invention using a microporous structure as a memory cell.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an anisotropic structure corresponding to embodiment 2 of the present invention as a memory unit to realize 3-dimensional optical storage.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 3 of the present invention for implementing 4/5-dimensional optical storage using an anisotropic structure as a storage unit.
Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the effect of using an anisotropic structure to realize 5-dimensional optical storage according to embodiment 3 of the present invention. Here, (a) in fig. 4 is an optical path delay value τ effect, and (b) in fig. 4 is stored data corresponding to the optical path delay value τ, and (c) in fig. 4 is a slow axis angle Φ effect, and (d) in fig. 4 is stored data corresponding to the slow axis angle Φ, and (e) in fig. 4 is a synthetic pseudo-color effect based on the optical path delay value τ and the slow axis angle Φ.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The invention can adopt a femtosecond laser with the generated laser energy of 10-30nJ (of course, the specific energy value can be specifically adjusted according to the different laser parameters and objective lenses, etc.). The microporous structure may generally be created with a single pulse, while the anisotropic structure may be created from a pulse train.
Example 1
Fig. 1 corresponds to a system light path diagram using a microporous structure as a memory cell.
The femtosecond laser is used to generate a desired femtosecond laser pulse.
The high-speed optical switch is used for controlling the laser pulse switch, for example, the switch is closed when the written data is 0, the material is not processed, the switch is opened when the written data is 1, and the micropore structure is processed in the material. The optical switch may be implemented by various modes such as a galvanometer, a polarization element such as a pockels cell, an electro-optical modulator, and a combination of a polarizing plate, which are not described herein.
The mirror is used for reflecting the light beam to the objective lens.
The objective lens is used for focusing the light beam to process the material.
The sample is a polyacrylonitrile film or a polyacrylonitrile disc, and a micro-pore structure can be generated at any position in the material by using a femtosecond laser pulse by utilizing the multiphoton absorption effect, so that three-dimensional optical storage is realized.
The displacement table is used for moving the sample, moving the material to the area to be processed for data writing, and the mode of combining the rotary table with the lifting table or the XYZ three-axis linear displacement mode can be adopted according to the shape of the medium.
Data reading may be accomplished using either reflection or transmission microscopic light paths.
Example 2
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a memory cell. Example 2 uses a process/no process to represent 0/1 and thus an optical switch can be used to control whether or not to process.
Specifically, the femtosecond laser generates a desired femtosecond laser pulse.
The laser modulation unit is used for pulse shaping of laser, including intensity modulation, pulse width modulation, polarization modulation, time domain modulation, etc., and can be realized in various modes, such as rotatable half-wave plate, pockels cell, electro-optical modulator, delay line, partially coated mirror group, etc., which are not listed here.
The high-speed optical switch is used for a laser pulse switch, for example, the switch is closed when the written data is 0, the material is not processed, the switch is opened when the written data is 1, and an anisotropic structure is processed in the material. The optical switch may be implemented by various modes such as a galvanometer, a polarization element such as a pockels cell, an electro-optical modulator, and a combination of a polarizing plate, which are not described herein.
The mirror is used for reflecting the light beam to the objective lens.
The objective lens is used for focusing the light beam to process the material.
The sample is a polyacrylonitrile film or a polyacrylonitrile disc, an anisotropic structure can be generated at any position in the material by using a multi-photon absorption effect through femtosecond laser pulse, and the processed and unprocessed states respectively represent 0 or 1 states, so that the three-dimensional optical storage with high signal to noise ratio can be realized.
The displacement table is used for moving the sample, moving the material to the area to be processed for data writing, and the mode of combining the rotary table with the lifting table or the XYZ three-axis linear displacement mode can be adopted according to the shape of the medium.
Data reading may be accomplished using transmission microscopic light paths in a cross polarization setting.
Example 3
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a memory cell using a third of the structures. In example 3, all positions of the material are processed, and the birefringence characteristics of the structure are changed by modulating the laser, so that the laser can be set to be normally open, and the laser modulating unit is required to dynamically regulate and control the parameters of the laser when different structures are processed.
Specifically, the femtosecond laser generates a desired femtosecond laser pulse.
The laser modulation unit is used for pulse shaping of laser, including intensity modulation, pulse width modulation, polarization modulation, time domain modulation, etc., and can be realized in various modes, such as rotatable half-wave plate, pockels cell, electro-optical modulator, delay line, partially coated mirror group, etc., which are not listed here.
The mirror is used for reflecting the light beam to the objective lens.
The objective lens is used for focusing the light beam to process the material.
The sample is a polyacrylonitrile film or a polyacrylonitrile disc, an anisotropic structure can be generated at any position in the material by using a femtosecond laser pulse by utilizing a multiphoton absorption effect, and data are respectively encoded by using a slow axis direction and an optical path delay value, so that five-dimensional optical storage can be realized. As shown in fig. 4.
The displacement table is used for moving the sample, moving the material to the area to be processed for data writing, and the mode of combining the rotary table with the lifting table or the XYZ three-axis linear displacement mode can be adopted according to the shape of the medium.
The data reading can be realized by adopting a birefringence measurement microscopic light path.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The application of polyacrylonitrile as a multidimensional optical storage medium is characterized in that the polyacrylonitrile is processed by femtosecond laser, and a modified structure obtained by processing in a polyacrylonitrile material is utilized, so that the polyacrylonitrile is applied to optical storage; wherein the modified structure is a microporous structure or an anisotropic structure.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is used in combination with a femtosecond laser when writing data, the laser generated by the femtosecond laser being used for processing in the polyacrylonitrile to form a microporous structure.
3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is used to read data by scattering of illumination light by a microporous structure.
4. The use of claim 1, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is used in combination with a femtosecond laser when writing data, the laser generated by the femtosecond laser being used for processing in the polyacrylonitrile to form an anisotropic structure.
5. The use of claim 4, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is used to change the polarization state of the illumination polarized light by using an anisotropic structure when reading data, and the data reading is performed by detecting the transmitted light intensity.
6. The use of claim 5, wherein a polarizer is used in conjunction with the analyzer in reading the data.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is used for reading data by measuring the slow axis angle phi and/or the optical path delay value tau of the anisotropic structure.
8. The use according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the femtosecond laser generates laser energy of 10-30nJ.
9. The use according to any of claims 2-5, wherein the data is a bit string formed by 0 and/or 1 codes;
wherein, the code of 0 corresponds to no processing, and the code of 1 corresponds to laser processing; alternatively, a code of 1 corresponds to no machining and a code of 0 corresponds to laser machining.
10. The use of claim 6, wherein the stored data is divided into two parts, the first part being stored by the slow axis angle of the anisotropic structure after encoding and the second part being stored by the optical path delay value of the anisotropic structure after encoding.
11. Use according to claim 1, wherein the polyacrylonitrile is in particular a polyacrylonitrile film or a polyacrylonitrile block.
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