CN114266090A - Assembly type building construction monitoring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology - Google Patents
Assembly type building construction monitoring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle-based method for monitoring the construction process of an assembly type building, which comprises the following steps: s1, generating a building simulation model according to the construction drawing, wherein the building simulation model consists of a plurality of building components; s2, collecting building component images in the construction process by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; s3, generating a twin entity model and a twin line model according to the building construction component image; the twin physical model is formed by a section of the building element, and the twin line model is formed by an axis of the building element; and S4, comparing the twin line model and the twin entity model with the building simulation model to monitor the construction progress and the construction quality. The monitoring method of the invention uses the unmanned aerial vehicle to collect the building component images, does not need to consume manpower to collect at a plurality of places of a construction site, does not need to attach a plurality of RFID labels to each component, and has the advantages of obvious manpower and economic cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to an assembly type building construction process monitoring method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle technology.
Background
The assembly type building has the characteristics of standardized design, industrialized production, assembly construction and informatization management, is green, environment-friendly, energy-saving and efficient, is an important gripper for promoting high-quality development of the building industry in China, and is also a key point of the building industry for realizing carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching. At present, the commonly used building construction progress monitoring methods mainly include: firstly, manual monitoring is carried out, manual acquisition is carried out by means of a total station, a level gauge and the like, the engineering quantity is large, certain local limitation is realized, data lag is serious, and the measurement result has certain subjectivity; and secondly, the construction progress information is acquired through radio frequency identification, but the method requires that the building and each member are attached with enough RFID tags, so that the cost is high, the complexity is high, the acquired data density is different, and the time efficiency is delayed. The construction precision requirement of the fabricated building is high, the construction speed is high, higher requirements are provided for the monitoring of the construction progress, the technical advantages of the fabricated building cannot be effectively played by the traditional construction progress monitoring method, and the development of the fabricated building is hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings and drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a method for monitoring a construction process of a prefabricated building based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology, which satisfies one or more of the above-mentioned needs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an assembly type building construction process monitoring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology comprises the following steps:
s1, generating a building simulation model according to the construction drawing, wherein the building simulation model consists of a plurality of building components;
s2, collecting building component images in the construction process by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
s3, generating a twin entity model and a twin line model according to the building construction component image; the twin physical model is formed by a section of the building element, and the twin line model is formed by an axis of the building element;
and S4, comparing the twin line model and the twin entity model with the building simulation model to monitor the construction progress and the construction quality.
Preferably, the twin line model is generated from the component axis by taking the section axis in conjunction with the section of the twin solid model and then taking the component axis in conjunction with the section axis.
Preferably, step S3 specifically includes:
s31, eliminating geometric distortion of the building component image;
s32, generating point cloud data of the building component according to the building component image;
s33, eliminating noise points of the point cloud data, wherein the noise points of the point cloud data are points on the surface of the building component in the point cloud data, which are not smooth due to image acquisition errors;
s34, generating a twin entity model according to the point cloud data;
s35, generating a twin line model according to the twin entity model;
s36, identifying and classifying each building component, and numbering each building component.
Preferably, step S35 specifically includes:
s351, extracting a plurality of section positions of each building component in the twin entity model;
s352, extracting the centroid position of the section;
s353, calculating the axis of each building component according to the centroid position of the cross section of each building component;
and S354, generating a twin line model according to the axis of each building component.
Preferably, the building simulation model further includes attribute information of the building element, and the attribute information of the building element includes: the material, length, section size, position of each point on the axis, and eccentricity of the building element; the eccentricity is the eccentricity required by the building component relative to the construction drawing when actually installed.
As a further preferable scheme, the method between the steps S3 and S4 further comprises the steps of:
s400, comparing the twin line model with the building simulation model to obtain the installation deviation of each building component axis in the twin line model;
s401, correcting the twin line model by using the installation deviation, and eliminating the eccentricity required by the building component relative to the construction drawing during actual installation.
Preferably, step S4 includes calculating the matching degree between the building elements in the twin physical model and the twin line model and the corresponding building elements in the simulation model, and performing construction progress monitoring and construction quality detection according to the matching degree;
the construction progress monitoring is to check whether the construction progress conforms to a construction plan; the construction quality detection is to detect the integral deviation, the integral plane bending and the integral height of the project and to detect the installation deviation of the building components;
the matching degree is the coincidence condition of the geometric information of the building components in the twin entity model and the twin line model and the corresponding building components in the simulation model.
As a further preferable scheme, the matching state is measured by matching degree, the matching degree is 1.0 when the building elements in the twin entity model and the twin line model are completely matched with the corresponding building elements in the simulation model, the matching degree is 0 when the building elements are completely unmatched, and the intermediate condition is valued according to linear interpolation.
Preferably, the method further comprises step S5: and if the comparison result in the step S4 is large in difference, generating unqualified quality information, and labeling the building components or parts with large difference in comparison results in the twin line model and the twin entity model.
Preferably, step S1 is preceded by the step of:
s0, making a construction monitoring plan according to the construction scheme and the technical requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle phase-control-free oblique photogrammetry; the construction monitoring plan comprises a construction progress plan, a construction task decomposition scheme and a construction process monitoring scheme; the construction process monitoring scheme comprises a monitoring time, monitoring content, a monitoring sequence and a monitoring section calibration scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for monitoring the construction process of the fabricated building based on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for collecting the images of the building components, manpower is not required to be consumed to collect the images at multiple places of a construction site, and a plurality of RFID tags are not required to be attached to each component, so that the method has the advantages of remarkable manpower and economic cost;
the unmanned aerial vehicle can go to a specified place at any time according to modeling requirements to supplement acquired data, and has excellent flexibility;
the use of the twin solid model and the twin line model in combination with the building simulation model for comparison provides superior accuracy in the comparison.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of data match status analysis of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring a construction process of an assembly type building based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of global planar bending monitoring of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of overall vertical deformation monitoring of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of vertical member deflection monitoring of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of vertical component axis perpendicularity monitoring of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of top elevation difference monitoring of co-floor vertical members according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of beam axis deviation monitoring of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of beam-mid-span verticality monitoring according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the beam top height difference monitoring of the same beam of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of project entity construction quality determination and component construction quality determination in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Example (b):
the method for monitoring the construction process of the fabricated building based on the unmanned aerial vehicle technology comprises the following steps:
s0, compiling a construction monitoring plan according to the construction characteristics of the fabricated building and the technical requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle phase-control-free oblique photogrammetry, and ensuring that the image acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle can be effectively used as data required by twin model construction; the construction monitoring plan comprises a construction progress plan, a construction task decomposition scheme and a construction process monitoring scheme, wherein the construction process monitoring scheme comprises monitoring time, monitoring contents, a monitoring sequence, a monitoring section calibration scheme and field notice, and the monitoring section calibration scheme is that corresponding member sections are selected as monitoring sections according to different monitoring contents.
S1, generating a building simulation model according to the construction drawing; the building simulation model is built by means of BIM technology according to a construction drawing, a structural design construction drawing and other construction data of the fabricated building, and comprises the installation positions of all building components, so that a three-dimensional simulation model of the whole engineering project is formed. The three-dimensional simulation model comprises a three-dimensional simulation entity model capable of presenting the section form and the section size of the component, a three-dimensional simulation line model formed by the centroid axis of each component, elevation and field drawing, datum point calibration, the building component and attribute information thereof, a key monitoring section and other building components with enclosure property. The datum point calibration is to select a certain mark point in the three-dimensional simulation model as a datum point to be used as a reference point for comparison analysis between models at a later stage, and in the embodiment, the origin of coordinates of the three-dimensional simulation model is preferably selected; the building components and the attribute information thereof comprise vertical components such as column walls and the like of the fabricated building, horizontal components such as beam plates and the like and building components with exterior protection, and the attribute information refers to the materials, the section sizes and the lengths of the components, the space coordinates of all points on the component shape central axis, the component eccentricity amount and the component eccentricity direction.
Due to the limitation of workload during design, a design drawing and a three-dimensional simulation model built according to the design drawing generally adopt a simplified expression mode for the installation of components, for example, if two components are eccentrically installed at a small distance, the two components in the three-dimensional simulation model can be coaxially or aligned to be built, but the components can still be eccentrically installed in actual installation. The component eccentricity amount and the component eccentricity direction are installation eccentricity values used for expressing the actual construction and the three-dimensional simulation model.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the method for building the three-dimensional simulation model includes:
s101, performing analysis on the building design construction drawing and the structural design construction drawing, performing segmented treatment on each floor, and collecting other construction data required for establishing a simulation model; the floor segmentation is to divide the engineering main body into a plurality of sections along the height direction for construction according to the assembled building components and the construction technical requirements thereof. Furthermore, when the floor is segmented, the floor can be divided into one segment according to every two layers or every three layers along the height direction of the engineering main body.
S102, according to the construction site condition, utilizing a BIM technology to perform elevation design and site drawing;
s103, drawing vertical members of a first section of main structure in a segmented manner according to floors in the S101 by utilizing Revit in BIM and secondary development functions thereof and combining the form characteristics of building members of the fabricated building;
s104, drawing a horizontal component of the first-section main structure on the basis of the first-section vertical component drawn in the step S203 by using Revit in BIM and a secondary development function thereof;
s105, drawing a second section, a third section, a fourth section and … … to a vertical member and a horizontal member of a final section of a main structure according to the floor in the S101 by utilizing Revit in BIM and a secondary development technology thereof;
and S106, drawing other accessory components of the main body structure section by section according to the floor sections in the step S201, and completing the building of the three-dimensional simulation model of the fabricated building.
After the three-dimensional simulation model of the step S1 is generated, the step S2 is carried out, and building component images in the construction process are collected by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; the specific acquisition method comprises the following steps: designing a navigation band for the phase-control-free oblique photography of the unmanned aerial vehicle, then gradually carrying out phase-control-free oblique photography measurement on the floor segment in the current construction stage according to the floor segment in the step S101, and acquiring image data of a building component in the current engineering main body. The conventional building component information acquisition method is to perform manual acquisition, so that the labor consumption is extremely serious and the efficiency is low; or, the building components are identified by using RFID acquisition, i.e. radio frequency identification, but the method requires a certain number of RFID tags attached to each building component, so that the cost and complexity are extremely high, and the acquired data density is not uniform, and the time efficiency is delayed. According to the invention, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for acquiring image data, the unmanned aerial vehicle can modify the flight band conveniently according to actual acquisition requirements, the image data is acquired from numerous points, so that the full-coverage acquisition of building components is ensured, and the image of a certain area is acquired only by modifying the flight band of the unmanned aerial vehicle to enable the flight band to fly to the nearby area for acquisition, so that the cost is low, the efficiency is high, and the cost and efficiency problems of conventional construction progress digitization are solved sufficiently.
Performing step S3 using the image data after the image data is acquired, generating a twin solid model and a twin line model from the building construction member image; the establishment of the twin entity model and the twin line model is to establish a digital model which is synchronous with the construction progress and reflects the current actual construction stage of the project by utilizing the images acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and continuously update and iterate along with the depth of the project construction until the completion of the project, and is a virtualization process of the construction main body and the construction process of the assembled building in different construction stages. And image data can be continuously acquired in the construction process, the twin entity model and the twin line model are updated according to the image data, and the generated twin entity model and the twin line model are synchronously promoted according to different construction progress so as to continuously monitor the construction progress and quality.
The twin solid model is composed of the cross section of the building component and is used for judging whether the cross section position of the building component is accurate and has no deformation, and the twin line model is composed of the axis of the building component and is used for judging whether the installation position of the building component is accurate.
Further, step S3 may include the following steps:
s31, eliminating and correcting geometric distortion errors of the image generated in the photographing process;
s32, generating point cloud data of the building component according to the building component image after distortion correction; the point cloud data refers to the form of processing the section of the building element into a point cloud so as to fit the section in a digital aspect;
s33, eliminating noise points of the point cloud data, wherein the noise points of the point cloud data are points of the surface of the building component in the point cloud data, which are unsmooth due to image acquisition errors, and ensuring that the surface of each component in the twin model is smooth while the geometric and topological characteristics of each component in the twin model are kept;
s34, generating a twin entity model according to the point cloud data; according to the point cloud data after smoothing processing, fitting a plurality of sections of each building component into one surface of the building component in the twin physical model, and combining a plurality of surfaces of a plurality of building components into the twin physical model;
s35, generating a twin line model according to the twin entity model;
s36, identifying and classifying each building component, and numbering each building component.
Further, in the above step S35, the twin line model may be generated according to the twin solid model by using the following method:
s351, extracting a plurality of section positions of each building component in the twin entity model;
s352, extracting the centroid positions of all sections in each building component;
s353, further calculating the axis of each building element according to the centroid position of each section in each building element;
and S354, generating a twin line model according to the axis of each building component.
Further, the following two steps are performed after step S3: s400, comparing the twin line model with the building simulation model to obtain the installation deviation of each building component axis in the twin line model; s401, correcting the twin line model by using the installation deviation, and eliminating the eccentricity required by the building component relative to the construction drawing during actual installation. These two steps are corresponding to the eccentricity problem described above at step S1, so that even if the design drawing and the three-dimensional simulation model are simplified to some extent, the twin model does not generate an erroneous mismatch phenomenon due to the simplification.
After the twin entity model and the twin line model are generated or further after the modification of the step S401, the step S4 is performed by using the current real-time twin entity model and the twin line model, and the construction progress monitoring and the construction quality monitoring are performed by comparing the twin line model and the twin entity model with the building simulation model.
Specifically, the comparison result may be calculated by using data matching state analysis, and a flowchart thereof is as shown in fig. 1, that is, under the same coordinate system, the geometric information of the twin model and the simulation model in the current construction stage is analyzed to be overlapped, so as to calculate the matching degree of the building elements in the twin physical model and the twin line model with the corresponding building elements in the simulation model, thereby performing construction progress monitoring and construction quality detection. The matching state is measured by matching degree in this embodiment, the matching degree is 1.0 when the building elements in the twin entity model and the twin line model are completely matched with the corresponding building elements in the simulation model, the matching degree is 0 when the building elements are completely unmatched, and the intermediate condition is valued according to linear interpolation.
The construction progress monitoring refers to comparing the twin model with a construction progress plan in the simulation model, and checking whether the construction progress accords with the plan arrangement or not, so that constructors can accurately and comprehensively master the actual construction state of the project; the construction quality detection comprises engineering main body construction monitoring, vertical member construction quality monitoring and horizontal member construction quality monitoring. And regarding the engineering main body, when the matching degree reaches 0.9, considering that the construction progress of the engineering main body meets the expected requirement, otherwise, considering that the construction progress does not meet the expected requirement.
Further, after the step S4 of comparing the twin line model, the twin entity model and the building simulation model is completed, the present embodiment further includes a step S5: and if the comparison result in the step S4 is large in difference, generating unqualified quality information, and sending the unqualified quality information to the construction management platform according to the unqualified quality information, wherein building components or parts with large difference in comparison results are marked in the twin line model and the twin entity model in the unqualified quality information.
The complete flow chart of the monitoring method for the assembly type building construction process based on the unmanned aerial vehicle technology of the methods S0-S5 is shown in FIG. 2.
The engineering main body construction monitoring in the step S4 is to monitor the quality of the whole engineering in the construction process, and includes whole deviation monitoring, whole plane bending monitoring and whole vertical deformation monitoring.
For global offset monitoring: as shown in fig. 2, the absolute value is obtained by subtracting the horizontal coordinates of the twin line model and the simulation model of the same floor overall deviation monitoring control point. Firstly, selecting the intersection points of the beams and the column axes of the same floor of four corners of a building as integral deviation monitoring control points under the current construction state from a twin line model and a simulation model; and then, taking a difference value between the horizontal coordinate of the control point in the twin line model and the horizontal coordinate of the corresponding control point in the simulation model, wherein the difference value is the integral offset.
For global plane bending monitoring: as shown in fig. 3, the overall plane bending monitoring refers to monitoring the deformation of the engineering main body in the horizontal direction of the same floor during the construction process, and is obtained by comparing the horizontal coordinate values of the bending deformation monitoring points of the twin model and the simulation model on the same axis of the same floor in the monitoring direction, wherein the monitoring direction refers to the x direction and the y direction under the building overall coordinate system. The specific method for monitoring the integral plane bending comprises the following steps: in the current construction state, a floor side axis perpendicular to the monitoring direction is selected from the twin model and the simulation model, and two end points and the axis midpoint are taken as bending deformation monitoring points on the axis; and then reading horizontal coordinate values of the bending deformation monitoring points in the twin model and the simulation model in the monitoring direction respectively, subtracting the horizontal coordinate values from the horizontal coordinate values to obtain a difference value, wherein the difference value is the bending deformation deviation of the building main body.
For overall vertical deformation monitoring: as shown in fig. 4, the overall vertical deformation monitoring refers to monitoring the vertical deformation of the engineering main body in the construction process, and can be obtained by comparing elevations of four corner monitoring points of the building in the same floor of the twin model and the simulation model. The specific method for monitoring the integral vertical deformation comprises the following steps: extracting vertical coordinate values, namely Z-direction coordinate values, of the overall deviation monitoring control points in the twin model and the simulation model under the current construction state; then, summing Z-direction coordinate values obtained from the two models respectively and averaging, wherein the average value is the floor elevation; and finally, subtracting the floor elevation in the twin model and the simulation model to obtain a difference value, wherein the difference value is the integral vertical deformation of the building.
The monitoring of the construction quality of the vertical member in the step S4 specifically comprises the steps of monitoring the offset of the vertical member, monitoring the axis perpendicularity of the vertical member and monitoring the top height difference of the vertical member on the same floor.
For the vertical component deviation monitoring, as shown in fig. 5, the vertical component deviation monitoring refers to rechecking and monitoring the centroid position of the bottom section of the vertical component after the vertical component is installed in place, and can be obtained by comparing the deviation of the centroid coordinate of the bottom end of the vertical component in the twin model and the simulation model. The specific method for monitoring the offset of the vertical component comprises the following steps: respectively taking the centroid coordinate values of the bottom end sections of the vertical components in the twin model and the simulation model in the current construction state; and then, taking a difference value of the coordinate values of the section centroid of the bottom end of the component in the horizontal direction in the twin model and the simulation model, wherein the difference value is a vertical deviation value of the vertical component.
For monitoring the perpendicularity of the axis of the vertical component, as shown in fig. 6, the monitoring of the perpendicularity of the axis of the vertical component refers to monitoring the deviation of the centroid of the top end section of the vertical component in the horizontal direction and before the reference point by taking the centroid of the bottom end section as the reference point after the vertical component is installed in place. The specific method for monitoring the perpendicularity of the axis of the vertical component comprises the following steps: the centroid coordinates of the bottom end and the top end of the measured vertical component are adjusted in the twin model; and then comparing the coordinate components of the centroid coordinates of the bottom end and the top end in the horizontal direction, and taking the difference value of the two coordinate components, wherein the difference value is the verticality deviation value of the vertical component.
For monitoring the height difference of the top ends of the vertical members on the same floor, as shown in fig. 7, it means that after the vertical members on the same floor are installed, the difference between the vertical components of the centroid coordinates of the top sections of the vertical members and the adjacent vertical members is monitored. The specific method for monitoring the top height difference of the vertical members on the same floor comprises the following steps: adjusting the centroid coordinates of the top section of each vertical component in the twin model; and then taking a difference value of the vertical components of the centroid coordinates of the top sections of the adjacent vertical members, wherein the difference value is the height difference of the top ends of the vertical members.
The horizontal member construction monitoring in step S4 includes: monitoring the deviation of the beam axis, monitoring the verticality in the beam span and monitoring the height difference of the beam top of the same beam.
For beam axis deviation monitoring, as shown in fig. 8, it refers to the monitoring of the deviation between the centroid axis of the beam and the axis of its associated cylinder. The specific method for monitoring the beam axis deviation comprises the following steps: adjusting the section centroid of the end part of the beam member from the twin model, and further adjusting the section centroid of the top end of the column connected with the beam; and then, taking the centroid of the section of the top end of the column as a reference point, and monitoring the deviation degree of the centroid coordinate of the section of the beam end in the x and y horizontal directions.
For monitoring the verticality in the beam span, as shown in fig. 9, the monitoring of the verticality in the beam span refers to monitoring the deviation between the middle section of the beam and the vertical direction of the building global coordinate system after the beam is installed. The specific monitoring method comprises the following steps: coordinate values of the middle points of the upper edge and the lower edge of the middle section of the beam component are adjusted from the twin model; then, the midpoint of the lower edge of the beam section is taken as a reference point, and the degree of deviation of the midpoint of the upper edge of the beam middle section from the reference point in the horizontal direction is monitored.
For monitoring the beam top height difference of the same beam, as shown in fig. 10, it refers to monitoring the height difference of two ends of a beam member after the beam is installed; the specific method comprises the following steps: adjusting the section centroid coordinates of two end parts of the beam component in the twin model; and then comparing the vertical component difference of the centroid coordinates of the sections at the two end parts, wherein the difference is the beam top height difference of the same beam.
In step S5, the main construction quality determination and the member construction quality determination are performed according to the following equations:
in the formulaΔThe method is characterized in that the offset, deviation value or height difference is obtained according to a main body construction monitoring result, a vertical component construction monitoring result and a horizontal component construction monitoring result. [Δ]The limit value of the offset, deviation value or height difference of the construction and installation of the engineering main body, the vertical component and the horizontal component is regulated according to the design requirement or the related national current standard.
Further, a flow chart of the project body construction quality judgment and the component construction quality judgment is shown in FIG. 11 when
In the process, the construction quality of the engineering main body, the vertical component and the horizontal component is qualified, and the design requirement or the standard regulation is met. Otherwise, the construction quality of the engineering main body, the vertical component and the horizontal component is considered to be unqualified, and corresponding construction quality reports of the engineering main body, the vertical component and the horizontal component are generated.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are variations in the specific embodiments based on the ideas provided by the present invention, and these variations should be considered as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An assembly type building construction process monitoring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, generating a building simulation model according to the construction drawing, wherein the building simulation model consists of a plurality of building components;
s2, collecting building component images in the construction process by using an unmanned aerial vehicle;
s3, generating a twin entity model and a twin line model according to the building construction component image; the twin physical model is constituted by a cross section of a building element, the twin line model is constituted by an axis of the building element;
and S4, comparing the twin line model and the twin entity model with the building simulation model, and monitoring the construction progress and the construction quality.
2. The unmanned aerial vehicle technology-based assembly building construction process monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the twin line model is generated from the component axis by taking a section axis in conjunction with a section of the twin solid model and then taking a component axis in conjunction with the section axis.
3. The method for monitoring the assembly type building construction process based on the unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 specifically includes:
s31, eliminating the geometric distortion of the building element image;
s32, generating point cloud data of the building component according to the building component image;
s33, eliminating noise points of the point cloud data, wherein the noise points of the point cloud data are points on the surface of the building component in the point cloud data, which are not smooth due to image acquisition errors;
s34, generating a twin entity model according to the point cloud data;
s35, generating a twin line model according to the twin entity model;
s36, identifying and classifying each building component, and numbering each building component.
4. The method for monitoring the assembly type building construction process based on the unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S35 specifically includes:
s351, extracting a plurality of section positions of each building component in the twin entity model;
s352, extracting the centroid position of the cross section;
s353, calculating the axis of each building component according to the centroid position of the cross section of the building component;
and S354, generating a twin line model according to the axis of each building component.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the building simulation model further comprises attribute information of the building elements, and the attribute information of the building elements comprises: the material, length, section size, position of each point on the axis, and eccentricity of the building element; the eccentricity is the eccentricity required by the building component relative to the construction drawing when the building component is actually installed.
6. The method for monitoring the construction process of prefabricated buildings based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein between the steps S3 and S4, further comprising the steps of:
s400, comparing the twin line model with the building simulation model to obtain the installation deviation of each building component axis in the twin line model;
s401, correcting the twin line model by using the installation deviation, and eliminating the eccentricity required by the building component relative to the construction drawing during actual installation.
7. The method for monitoring the assembly type building construction process based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 includes calculating the matching degree of the building components in the twin entity model and the twin line model with the corresponding building components in the simulation model, and performing construction progress monitoring and construction quality detection according to the matching degree;
the construction progress monitoring is to check whether the construction progress conforms to the construction plan; the construction quality detection is to detect the integral deviation, the integral plane bending and the integral height of the project and to detect the installation deviation of the building member;
the matching degree is the coincidence condition of the geometric information of the building components in the twin entity model and the twin line model and the corresponding building components in the simulation model.
8. The method for monitoring the assembly type building construction process based on the unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 7, wherein the matching state is measured by matching degree, the matching degree is 1.0 when the building components in the twin entity model and the twin line model are completely matched with the corresponding building components in the simulation model, the matching degree is 0 when the building components are completely unmatched, and the intermediate condition is taken according to linear interpolation.
9. The method for monitoring the construction process of prefabricated buildings based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 is preceded by the steps of:
s0, making a construction monitoring plan according to the construction scheme and the technical requirements of the unmanned aerial vehicle phase-control-free oblique photogrammetry; the construction monitoring plan comprises a construction progress plan, construction task decomposition and a construction process monitoring scheme; the construction process monitoring scheme comprises a monitoring time, monitoring content, a monitoring sequence and a monitoring section calibration scheme.
10. The method for monitoring the construction process of prefabricated buildings based on unmanned aerial vehicle technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of S5: and if the comparison result in the step S4 is larger, generating unqualified quality information, and labeling building components or parts with larger difference in comparison result in the twin line model and the twin entity model.
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