CN114264886A - Rapid measurement method for super-capacitor parameters - Google Patents
Rapid measurement method for super-capacitor parameters Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of super-capacitance performance measurement, and discloses a method for rapidly measuring parameters of a super-capacitor. The measuring method of the invention can greatly shorten the capacity internal resistance testing time of the super capacitor, improve the testing efficiency and especially save a large amount of time cost for batch production testing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of super-capacitance performance measurement, and particularly relates to a quick measurement method for super-capacitor parameters.
Background
The super capacitor as an energy storage device has the characteristics of high charging and discharging efficiency, high power, high response speed, small internal resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of electronic products and automobiles at present, such as: the short-time backup power supply of the storage device provides energy for starting and stopping actions of a common fuel automobile, is applied to a brake energy recovery system, recovers the brake energy of the automobile, is applied to an automobile active suspension system and the like.
According to different practical application scenes, the capacity range of the super capacitor covers 1F-10000F, the internal resistance ranges from 0.1m omega to hundred ten m omega, different capacitances correspond to different internal resistance values, the conventional LCR bridge and a battery testing instrument can only measure the alternating current internal resistance, the capacitance cannot be measured, the direct current internal resistance and the capacitance can only be measured on conventional charging and discharging equipment, the larger the capacity of the super capacitor is, the longer the corresponding charging and discharging time is, the extremely low testing efficiency is realized, and the product quality management and the process control are very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quick measurement method for super-capacitor parameters, which solves the problems of long measurement time, low test efficiency and the like of parameters such as direct current internal resistance, capacity and the like of the conventional super-capacitor.
The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a constant current pulse excitation with positive and negative pulses working alternately is adopted to charge and discharge a super capacitor, so that the capacity value and the internal resistance value of the super capacitor are tested, and the voltage of the super capacitor is kept unchanged before and after the test.
Further, the constant current pulse excitation adopts a mode of applying negative pulses at preset time intervals to charge and discharge the super capacitor.
Further, pulse current is used for carrying out first instantaneous discharge on the super capacitor, the preset time is spaced, then first instantaneous charging is carried out, the super capacitor is kept stand for a specified time, then pulse current is used for carrying out second instantaneous discharge on the super capacitor, the preset time is spaced, then second instantaneous charging is carried out, meanwhile, a data acquisition instrument is used for measuring corresponding voltage and current values, and the internal resistance value of the super capacitor is calculated.
Further, the voltage value at the end time of the first instantaneous discharge is recorded as U1dThe voltage value at the first instant charging end time is U1cThe voltage value at the end time of the second instantaneous discharge is U2dThe voltage value at the end time of the second instantaneous charging is U2cAnd the amplitude of the pulse current is I, and the internal resistance value R of the super capacitor is calculated by using the following equation.
Further, the time for continuous discharging and continuous charging by using the pulse current is the same and is not more than 1 second, the interval preset time is not more than 1 second, the standing specified time is not less than 40 seconds, and the amplitude of the pulse current is not less than 0.5C.
Further, fully charging in a manufacturer specified mode in a room temperature environment, discharging to cut-off voltage by adopting a 1C multiplying power after fully standing in a tested environment, calculating corresponding capacity correction coefficients under different voltages, drawing a correction curve, calculating a corresponding capacity value according to pulse current and discharge time corresponding to the first instantaneous discharge or the second instantaneous discharge, and correcting the capacity value according to the correction curve.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the capacity internal resistance parameter of the super capacitor is tested in a pulse current mode, the voltage value of the super capacitor does not change before and after the test is finished, the process that the super capacitor voltage is discharged to UR/2 and then is continuously charged to UR in the current long-time constant current test process is avoided, the test time is greatly shortened, the test efficiency is effectively improved, the effect is particularly prominent particularly in large-batch large-capacity super capacitor test, and the test cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the invention provides a method for rapidly measuring parameters of a super capacitor, which adopts constant current pulse excitation of alternate working of positive and negative pulses to charge and discharge the super capacitor, completes the capacity value and internal resistance value test of the super capacitor, and the voltage of the super capacitor remains unchanged before and after the test, thereby greatly shortening the capacity and internal resistance test time of the super capacitor, improving the test efficiency, and particularly saving a large amount of time cost for batch production test. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, fully charging in a manufacturer specified mode in a room temperature environment, fully standing in a tested environment, discharging to cut-off voltage by adopting 1C multiplying power, calculating corresponding capacity correction coefficients under different voltages, drawing a correction curve, namely a curve between the voltage and the capacity correction coefficients, and realizing the correction by fitting and other modes;
secondly, charging the super capacitor to a rated voltage under a tested environment, charging and discharging the super capacitor by adopting constant current pulse excitation of positive and negative pulses working alternatively, wherein the constant current pulse excitation adopts a mode of positive pulses for interval of preset time and then negative pulses for charging and discharging the super capacitor, pulse current can be used for carrying out first instantaneous discharge on the super capacitor, interval of preset time and then first instantaneous charging, standing for a specified time, then pulse current is used for carrying out second instantaneous discharge on the super capacitor, interval of preset time and then second instantaneous charging, and meanwhile, a data acquisition instrument is used for measuring corresponding voltage and current values so as to calculate the internal resistance value of the super capacitor, wherein the time of pulse current continuous discharge and continuous charging is the same and is not more than 1 second, and the interval of preset time is not more than 1 second, the standing designated time is not less than 40 seconds, and the amplitude of the pulse current is not less than 0.5C.
The data acquisition instrument can adopt a 24-bit high-precision AD sampling system, 24-bit oversampling AD is selected in order to ensure that the sensitivity of the sampling system meets the accurate measurement of the uV level, the highest measurement resolution can reach 0.3uV, the voltage signal lower than the mV level when the ultra-low internal resistance and the over-capacity of the measurement large capacity are completely met, and the requirement on the measurement precision is met.
Because the testing mode is a constant current source, when the probe and the super-capacitance contact are poor, an electric spark field exists. In order to avoid the phenomenon, before the excitation signal is formally applied, the set pulse current is output to enter the formal test stage only after the contact resistance of the loop is detected to meet the specified threshold value. Meanwhile, a large-current probe is adopted to ensure low resistance of a contact point with the super capacitor, and the contact surface of the probe adopts the end surface of a plum-blossom needle, so that the surface of the contact surface is slightly punctured, the surface contact resistance of the probe and the super capacitor can be effectively reduced, and the temperature rise of the contact surface is reduced.
When a user removes the probe, if the probe outputs a constant current, a temporary voltage rising stage can occur, equipment can continuously detect the resistance value of the loop when outputting pulse current, and when the measured value is higher than a threshold value, the pulse output can be closed quickly, so that the ignition phenomenon is avoided. After the output pulse is closed, the instrument automatically enters a contact state detection flow, and only after the contact resistance of the next loop is lower than the threshold value, the instrument enters a pulse measurement flow again.
Recording the voltage value of the first instantaneous discharge end time as U1dThe voltage value at the first instant charging end time is U1cThe voltage value at the end time of the second instantaneous discharge is U2dThe voltage value at the end time of the second instantaneous charging is U2cAnd the amplitude of the pulse current is I, and the internal resistance value R of the super capacitor is calculated by using the following equation.
Of course, more than three repeated discharging-interval-charging processes can be adopted, so that the measurement result is more accurate, but the time spent is more, and the measurement result can be determined according to the actual situation.
And thirdly, calculating a corresponding capacity value according to the pulse current and the discharge time corresponding to the first instantaneous discharge or the second instantaneous discharge, and correcting the capacity value according to the correction curve obtained in the first step to improve the calculation accuracy.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is therefore defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A quick measurement method for super capacitor parameters is characterized in that: and charging and discharging the super capacitor by adopting constant current pulse excitation of alternate working of positive and negative pulses to finish the capacity value and internal resistance value test of the super capacitor, and the voltage of the super capacitor is kept unchanged before and after the test.
2. The method for rapid measurement of supercapacitor parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the constant current pulse excitation adopts a mode of applying negative pulses at preset time intervals to charge and discharge the super capacitor.
3. The method for rapid measurement of supercapacitor parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of carrying out first instantaneous discharge on the super capacitor by using pulse current, carrying out first instantaneous charging at preset intervals, standing for a specified time, carrying out second instantaneous discharge on the super capacitor by using the pulse current, carrying out second instantaneous charging at preset intervals, measuring corresponding voltage and current values by using a data acquisition instrument, and calculating the internal resistance value of the super capacitor.
4. The method for rapid measurement of supercapacitor parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: recording the voltage value of the first instantaneous discharge end time as U1dThe voltage value at the first instant charging end time is U1cThe voltage value at the end time of the second instantaneous discharge is U2dThe voltage value at the end time of the second instantaneous charging is U2cAnd the amplitude of the pulse current is I, and the internal resistance value R of the super capacitor is calculated by using the following equation.
5. The method for rapid measurement of supercapacitor parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: the time of pulse current continuous discharge and the time of continuous charging are the same, and are not more than 1 second, the interval preset time is not more than 1 second, the standing specified time is not less than 40 seconds, and the amplitude of the pulse current is not less than 0.5C.
6. The method for rapid measurement of supercapacitor parameters according to claim 3, characterized in that: fully charging in a manner specified by a manufacturer in a room temperature environment, discharging to cut-off voltage by adopting a 1C multiplying power after fully standing in a tested environment, calculating corresponding capacity correction coefficients under different voltages, drawing a correction curve, calculating a corresponding capacity value according to pulse current and discharge time corresponding to the first instantaneous discharge or the second instantaneous discharge, and correcting the capacity value according to the correction curve.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100066309A1 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-18 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Method for pulsed charging of a battery in an autonomous system comprising a supercapacitance |
| CN104020353A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-09-03 | 宁波南车新能源科技有限公司 | Supercapacitor internal resistance measurement method |
| CN104635082A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Method and device for testing super capacitor |
| CN110687356A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-01-14 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Detection method of super-capacitor capacity and internal resistance rapid detection device |
| CN112311074A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-02 | 湖南银河电气有限公司 | Current sensor power supply device for measuring pulse current |
| CN113765185A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-07 | 上海稊米汽车科技有限公司 | Constant-current charging circuit for super capacitor |
-
2021
- 2021-12-22 CN CN202111581408.9A patent/CN114264886B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100066309A1 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-18 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Method for pulsed charging of a battery in an autonomous system comprising a supercapacitance |
| CN104020353A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-09-03 | 宁波南车新能源科技有限公司 | Supercapacitor internal resistance measurement method |
| CN104635082A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Method and device for testing super capacitor |
| CN110687356A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2020-01-14 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Detection method of super-capacitor capacity and internal resistance rapid detection device |
| CN112311074A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-02 | 湖南银河电气有限公司 | Current sensor power supply device for measuring pulse current |
| CN113765185A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-07 | 上海稊米汽车科技有限公司 | Constant-current charging circuit for super capacitor |
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