CN117148187A - SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment - Google Patents

SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117148187A
CN117148187A CN202311110668.7A CN202311110668A CN117148187A CN 117148187 A CN117148187 A CN 117148187A CN 202311110668 A CN202311110668 A CN 202311110668A CN 117148187 A CN117148187 A CN 117148187A
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preset
soc
ampere
ocv
value
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孔德宝
曹嘉伟
马帅
刘永青
许奇
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Hangzhou Pengcheng New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Hangzhou Pengcheng New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an SOH estimation method, an SOH estimation system and electronic equipment based on OCV calibration, and relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; determining the ampere-hour integral change quantity according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending time and the preset initial time; determining an SOC value at a preset time according to the OCV value at the preset time by using an OCV-SOC table; determining the SOC variation according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time; and calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation. The invention can rapidly estimate the SOH value of the lithium battery.

Description

SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to an SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment.
Background
The State of health (SOH) is an important indicator for measuring the life of a lithium ion battery, and characterizes the ratio of the full charge capacity to the rated capacity of the battery when the battery is shipped under the current condition, and when the internal resistance DCR of the battery cell increases to 1.5 times of the initial value or the capacity decays to 70% of the rated capacity, the battery is considered to reach the life limit (EOL). Whether the SOH estimation is accurate or not directly relates to the experience of a vehicle user is also an important standard for measuring the service life of a battery and the endurance mileage of the vehicle.
The common SOH estimation method in engineering mainly comprises a battery cell life test method, an internal resistance estimation method and the like. The battery cell life test method is to obtain life data by developing a battery cell life test of the system, and fit life parameters by combining an empirical formula so as to estimate SOH. The battery cell life test method needs to carry out a rest experiment and a circulation experiment at the same time, and needs to study the influence of factors such as SOC, temperature and the like on SOH, has complex experimental steps and long development period, and generally needs about 1-2 years. The internal resistance estimation method is to obtain an internal resistance increment based on a direct current internal resistance test, check an internal resistance increment-capacity attenuation table and determine a capacity attenuation value so as to estimate SOH. The peak current is not easy to accurately obtain when the internal resistance estimation method calculates the internal resistance, and the synchronism of voltage and current sampling is relatively dependent, so that the problem of inaccurate SOH estimation is easy to occur; meanwhile, the internal resistance estimation method needs to develop a cell aging experiment to obtain an internal resistance increment-capacity attenuation table, and the aging test period is long and needs about 1 year.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment, which can be used for rapidly estimating the SOH value of a lithium battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
an SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration, the estimation method comprising:
acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; the preset time comprises a preset end time and a preset initial time;
determining an ampere-hour integral change amount according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending time and the preset initial time;
determining an SOC value at a preset time according to the OCV value at the preset time by using an OCV-SOC table; the OCV-SOC table is a relation curve of open-circuit voltage and electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated;
determining the SOC variation according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time;
and calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation.
Optionally, the determining process of the ampere-hour integral at the preset time specifically includes:
determining an ampere-hour integral of the preset initial moment according to the current from the initial moment to the preset initial moment;
and determining the ampere-hour integral of the preset ending moment according to the current from the initial moment to the preset ending moment.
Alternatively, apply the formulaCalculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated; wherein SOH is the state of health of the battery, Q 0 The delta SOC is the SOC variation and the delta Ah is the ampere-hour integral variation for rated capacity of the battery cell when the battery cell leaves the factory.
Optionally, the preset initial time is a time when the electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated is 100% and starts to discharge or a time when the electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated is 0% and starts to charge.
An SOH estimation system based on OCV calibration, to which the SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration described above is applied, the estimation system comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; the preset time comprises a preset end time and a preset initial time;
the ampere-hour integral change amount determining module is used for determining an ampere-hour integral change amount according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending moment and the preset initial moment;
the electric quantity determining module is used for determining an SOC value at a preset moment according to the OCV value at the preset moment by utilizing an OCV-SOC table; the OCV-SOC table is a relation curve of open-circuit voltage and electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated;
the electric quantity change amount module is used for determining the SOC change amount according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation.
An electronic device comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor that runs the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration described above.
Optionally, the memory is a readable storage medium.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention solves the problems of complex SOH estimation test flow and long time consumption, and realizes the rapid estimation of SOH by utilizing the ampere-hour integral variable quantity and the SOC variable quantity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an SOH estimation system based on OCV calibration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment, which can be used for rapidly estimating the SOH value of a lithium battery.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration, the estimation method comprising:
step S1: acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; the preset time comprises the following steps: a preset end time and a preset initial time. The determining process of the ampere-hour integral at the preset moment specifically comprises the following steps:
and determining the ampere-hour integral of the preset initial moment according to the current from the initial moment to the preset initial moment.
And determining the ampere-hour integral of the preset ending moment according to the current from the initial moment to the preset ending moment.
Further, the preset initial time is a time when the discharge starts from 100% of the electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated or a time when the charge starts from 0% of the electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated.
Step S2: and determining the ampere-hour integral change quantity according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending time and the preset initial time.
In practical application, the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation are determined as follows:
the first step, the ampere-hour integral change quantity delta Ah represents a current integral variable in a statistical time, and the ampere-hour integral change quantity delta Ah is determined according to the difference between the ampere-hour integral quantity Ah (t) at the end time and the ampere-hour integral quantity Ah (t-1) at the initial time.
In the second step, ΔSOC represents the SOC variable within the same statistical time as ΔAh, and the difference between the SOC at the end time, i.e. SOC (t), and the SOC at the initial time, i.e. SOC (t-1), is obtained to obtain the SOC variation ΔSOC.
Third, when SOC (t-1) is determined, ah (t-1) =0 is set at the same time, at which point integration calculation is started, and the value of Ah (t) is recorded when SOC (t) is determined.
Step S3: determining an SOC value at a preset time according to the OCV value at the preset time by using an OCV-SOC table; the OCV-SOC table is a relation curve of open circuit voltage and electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated.
Specifically, when determining the SOC (t) and the SOC (t-1), the SOC needs to be reversely checked according to the OCV curve, and the specific reverse checking steps are as follows:
first, the battery is allowed to stand for 2 hours or longer, and an open circuit voltage OCV value is obtained.
And secondly, judging the charge and discharge state before standing, checking the charge OCV-SOC table if the charge state before standing, and checking the discharge OCV-SOC table if the discharge state before standing.
Thirdly, reversely checking the OCV-SOC table according to the OCV, and obtaining the SOC value through interpolation. OCV is affected by temperature.
Step S4: and determining the SOC variation according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time.
Step S5: and calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation. Specifically, apply the formulaCalculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated; wherein SOH is the state of health of the battery, Q 0 The delta SOC is the SOC variation and the delta Ah is the ampere-hour integral variation for rated capacity of the battery cell when the battery cell leaves the factory.
In practical application, the SOH formula is established as follows:
the first step, deducing is started according to an SOC ampere-hour integral formula:
the SOC (t) represents the SOC value at the t-th moment, the SOC (t-1) represents the SOC value at the t-1-th moment, I is current, dt is the SOC scheduling period, and Q is the capacity (unit is Ah) of the battery cell of the lithium battery to be estimated.
And a second step of deriving the SOC variation delta SOC and the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah according to the first step, wherein the formula is as follows:
SOC(t)-SOC(t-1)=ΔSOC (3)。
wherein Δsoc is the SOC variation, and Δah is the ampere-hour integral variation.
Thirdly, continuing to deduce according to the second step, wherein the SOH calculation formula is as follows:
wherein SOH is the state of health of the battery, Q 0 The rated capacity (unit Ah) of the battery cell when the battery cell leaves the factory.
Fourth, as shown in formula (6), the SOH estimation value calculation method is as follows: the ampere-hour integral change delta Ah and the SOC change delta SOC are calculated to be quotient and then are further calculated to be rated capacity Q 0 SOH is obtained by quotient.
As a specific embodiment, when the battery is in a discharging condition, the SOH estimation method is as follows:
1. after the cell is kept still for 2 hours, discharge is started at an open-circuit voltage OCV1 when an OCV-SOC curve is steep, SOC=N1 (90%. Ltoreq.N1.ltoreq.100%) corresponding to the OCV1, the initial time of discharge is taken as a counting starting point, the SOC at the moment is taken as SOC (t-1), ah (t-1) =0 is set, and the ampere-hour integration quantity starts to accumulate.
2. When the discharge voltage is equal to V1 (taking a 200Ah lithium iron phosphate battery as an example, V1 is less than or equal to 2.5V is less than or equal to 3.0V), standing the battery cell for 2 hours, rebounding the battery cell voltage, checking the battery cell voltage at the moment, namely the open-circuit voltage OCV2 when an OCV curve is steeper, wherein SOC=N2 (N2 is more than or equal to 0 percent and less than or equal to 20 percent) corresponding to the OCV2, and recording an ampere-hour integral value in the discharge process as Ah (t).
3. And calculating the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah and the SOC variation delta SOC.
4. After determining the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah and the SOC variation delta SOC, substituting the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah and the SOC variation delta SOC into a formula (6) to obtain an SOH estimated value.
Taking lithium iron phosphate q0=200ah capacity cell, n1=100% that is full charge state, n2=20%, v1=3.0v as an example, the specific SOH estimation flow is:
firstly, charging the battery cell to a cut-off voltage of 3.6V to reach a full charge state, wherein the SOC (t-1) =100%, then starting discharging from 100%, and simultaneously setting Ah (t-1) =0; when the battery cell voltage v1=3.0v is discharged, standing the battery cell for 2 hours, rebounding the battery cell voltage, and checking the battery cell voltage at the moment, namely the open circuit voltage OCV2, wherein the battery cell voltage is in a discharge state before standing, so that the discharge OCV-SOC table is reversely checked, and the SOC (t) =20% corresponding to the OCV2 is checked; recording an ampere-hour integral value Ah (t) = -144Ah in the period, wherein the SOC variation in the period is SOC (t) -SOC (t-1) = 20% -100% = -80%, the ampere-hour integral variation in the period is Ah (t) -Ah (t-1) = -144Ah-0 = -144Ah, substituting the formula (6), and substituting the formula (6) into the battery cellI.e. the estimated SOH value is 90%.
As a specific embodiment, when the battery is in a charging condition, the SOH estimation method is as follows:
1. after the battery cell is kept still for 2 hours, the battery cell voltage rebounds, at the moment, the battery cell voltage, namely the open circuit voltage OCV3 when the OCV curve is steep, the SOC=N3 (more than or equal to 0 percent and less than or equal to 20 percent) corresponding to the OCV3 is determined according to the charge and discharge state before the battery cell is kept still, at the moment, charging is started, the charging initial moment is taken as a counting starting point, the SOC at the moment is taken as an SOC (t-1), and at the same time Ah (t-1) =0 is set, and the ampere-hour integral quantity starts to accumulate.
2. When the battery cell voltage is equal to V2 (taking a 200Ah lithium iron phosphate battery as an example, V2 is less than or equal to 3.5V is less than or equal to 3.6V), stopping charging, standing the battery cell for 2 hours, allowing the battery cell voltage to fall back, checking the battery cell voltage after standing, namely, open circuit voltage OCV4 when an OCV curve is steeper, and recording an ampere-hour integral value in the charging process as Ah (t) corresponding to SOC=N4.
3. And calculating the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah and the SOC variation delta SOC.
4. After determining the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah and the SOC variation delta SOC, substituting the ampere-hour integral variation delta Ah and the SOC variation delta SOC into a formula (6) to obtain an SOH estimated value.
Taking lithium iron phosphate q0=200ah capacity cell, n3=0% that is in full discharge state, n4=90%, v2=3.5v as an example, the specific SOH estimation flow is:
firstly, the battery cell is put to a cut-off voltage of 2.5V to reach a full discharge state, at the moment, SOC (t-1) =0%, then charging is started, and at the same time Ah (t-1) =0 is set; when the battery cell voltage V2 = 3.5V is charged, standing the battery cell for 2 hours, falling the battery cell voltage, checking the battery cell voltage at the moment, namely the open circuit voltage OCV4, and checking the charging OCV-SOC table reversely to obtain the SOC (t) = 90% corresponding to the OCV4 because the battery cell voltage is in a charging state before standing; recording ampere-hour integral value Ah (t) =153 Ah in the period, wherein the SOC variation in the period is SOC (t) -SOC (t-1) =90% -0% =90%, and the ampere-hour integral variation in the period is Ah (t) -Ah (t-1) =153 Ah-0=153 Ah, substituting the formula (6) and substituting the formula (6) into the battery cellI.e. the estimated SOH value is 85%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration is provided, SOH is calculated by utilizing the ampere-hour integral variable quantity and the SOC variable quantity, so that the SOH is rapidly estimated, and the problems of complex SOH estimation test flow and long time consumption are overcome; a large amount of battery cell placing and circulating test data are not needed, the influence of factors such as SOC, temperature and the like on SOH is not needed to be researched, and the problems of dependence of a battery cell life test method on a large amount of test data and redundancy of test steps are avoided; the battery cell aging experiment does not need to be carried out, so that the SOH estimation time is greatly saved, and the high-precision requirement of the internal resistance estimation algorithm on the sampling synchronism is overcome.
Example two
In order to perform a corresponding method of the above embodiments to achieve the corresponding functions and technical effects, an SOH estimation system based on OCV calibration is provided below, the estimation system comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; the preset time comprises the following steps: a preset end time and a preset initial time.
And the ampere-hour integral change quantity determining module is used for determining the ampere-hour integral change quantity according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending moment and the preset initial moment.
The electric quantity determining module is used for determining an SOC value at a preset moment according to the OCV value at the preset moment by utilizing the OCV-SOC table; the OCV-SOC table is a relation curve of open circuit voltage and electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated.
And the electric quantity change quantity module is used for determining the SOC change quantity according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time.
And the calculation module is used for calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation.
In practical application, as shown in fig. 2, the application process is as follows:
firstly, establishing an SOH formula, as shown in a formula (6); according to the required parameters of the SOH formula, determining the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation; then, according to the SOC variation determining method, the OCV is applied to reversely check the SOC to obtain the SOC variation, and according to the preset initial time and the preset end time, the corresponding ampere-hour integral variation is calculated; and according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation, applying an SOH formula to carry out SOH values of the lithium battery to be estimated, and obtaining an SOH output result.
Example III
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to cause the electronic device to execute the SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration according to the first embodiment.
Alternatively, the electronic device may be a server.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, where the computer program when executed by a processor implements the SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration of the first embodiment.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration, the estimation method comprising:
acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; the preset time comprises a preset end time and a preset initial time;
determining an ampere-hour integral change amount according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending time and the preset initial time;
determining an SOC value at a preset time according to the OCV value at the preset time by using an OCV-SOC table; the OCV-SOC table is a relation curve of open-circuit voltage and electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated;
determining the SOC variation according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time;
and calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation.
2. The SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration of claim 1, wherein the determining process of the ampere-hour integral at the preset time specifically comprises:
determining an ampere-hour integral of the preset initial moment according to the current from the initial moment to the preset initial moment;
and determining the ampere-hour integral of the preset ending moment according to the current from the initial moment to the preset ending moment.
3. The SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration according to claim 2, wherein the formula is appliedCalculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated; wherein SOH is the state of health of the battery, Q 0 The delta SOC is the SOC variation and the delta Ah is the ampere-hour integral variation for rated capacity of the battery cell when the battery cell leaves the factory.
4. The SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration of claim 1, wherein the preset initial time is a time when discharging starts from 100% of the electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated or a time when charging starts from 0% of the electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated.
5. An SOH estimation system based on OCV calibration, the estimation system comprising:
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring an ampere-hour integral and an OCV value of a preset moment of the lithium battery to be estimated; the preset time comprises a preset end time and a preset initial time;
the ampere-hour integral change amount determining module is used for determining an ampere-hour integral change amount according to the difference value of ampere-hour integral of the preset ending moment and the preset initial moment;
the electric quantity determining module is used for determining an SOC value at a preset moment according to the OCV value at the preset moment by utilizing an OCV-SOC table; the OCV-SOC table is a relation curve of open-circuit voltage and electric quantity of the lithium battery to be estimated;
the electric quantity change amount module is used for determining the SOC change amount according to the SOC value at the preset end time and the SOC value at the preset initial time;
and the calculation module is used for calculating the SOH value of the lithium battery to be estimated according to the ampere-hour integral variation and the SOC variation.
6. An electronic device comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor that runs the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the SOH estimation method based on OCV calibration according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
7. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the memory is a readable storage medium.
CN202311110668.7A 2023-08-30 2023-08-30 SOH estimation method and system based on OCV calibration and electronic equipment Pending CN117148187A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117665597A (en) * 2024-01-31 2024-03-08 云储新能源科技有限公司 Lithium battery OCV estimation method, system, electronic equipment and medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117665597A (en) * 2024-01-31 2024-03-08 云储新能源科技有限公司 Lithium battery OCV estimation method, system, electronic equipment and medium
CN117665597B (en) * 2024-01-31 2024-04-12 云储新能源科技有限公司 Lithium battery OCV estimation method, system, electronic equipment and medium

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