CN111580007A - Circuit and method for detecting internal resistance of storage battery - Google Patents
Circuit and method for detecting internal resistance of storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111580007A CN111580007A CN202010640324.7A CN202010640324A CN111580007A CN 111580007 A CN111580007 A CN 111580007A CN 202010640324 A CN202010640324 A CN 202010640324A CN 111580007 A CN111580007 A CN 111580007A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004832 voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
Abstract
The invention discloses a storage battery internal resistance detection circuit, which comprises a main controller and a constant current discharge circuit, wherein the main controller and the constant current discharge circuit are electrically connected, the constant current discharge circuit comprises a power supply, a first comparator and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, the main controller at least outputs two analog quantity signals, an analog quantity signal output end of the main controller is connected with a normal phase input end of the first comparator, a sampling signal output end of the main controller is connected with an inverse phase input end of the first comparator, the voltage of the normal phase input end of the first comparator is equal to the voltage of the inverse phase input end of the first comparator, an output end of the first comparator is connected with a grid electrode of the MOS tube, a drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with. The main controller outputs different analog quantity signals according to actual sampling signal data in a matching mode, the voltage of the analog quantity signals is kept equal to the voltage of the sampling signal data, the constant current discharge circuit is guaranteed to output stable discharge current, and the precision of the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit for detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a storage battery internal resistance detection circuit and a storage battery internal resistance detection method.
Background
After one or more batteries in the storage battery pack age, the capacity of the aged batteries becomes smaller and the resistance becomes larger, when the storage battery pack is charged by the charger, the aged batteries are easily filled with the charger, and then the charger continuously outputs low current for charging the storage battery pack, and the low current is difficult to fill the batteries with other good states.
The internal resistance of the storage battery is the parameter which can visually reflect the internal state of the storage battery, and the aged battery is checked in time by detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery, so that the service life of the storage battery is prolonged. However, most of the conventional storage battery internal resistance detection is carried out by using a simple voltammetry method, and in actual measurement, the fact that charging and discharging exist between storage battery packs simultaneously is found, and the detection current cannot be stably controlled when resistance is measured by the voltammetry method, so that the accuracy of detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery packs is too low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are a high-precision battery internal resistance detection circuit and a method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the constant current discharge circuit comprises a power supply, a first comparator and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, wherein the master controller outputs at least two analog quantity signals, an analog quantity signal output end of the master controller is connected with a positive phase input end of the first comparator, a sampling signal output end of the master controller is connected with a negative phase input end of the first comparator, the voltage of the positive phase input end of the first comparator is equal to the voltage of the negative phase input end of the first comparator, an output end of the first comparator is connected with a grid electrode of the MOS tube, a drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the power supply, and a source electrode of the MOS tube is grounded.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also adopts the technical scheme that: a battery internal resistance detection method is based on the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit and comprises the following steps in a discharge detection stage: and periodically discharging the storage battery by adopting a constant current discharge circuit, and calculating the average current in each period.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the main controller outputs different analog quantity signals according to actual sampling signal data in a matching mode, the voltage of the analog quantity signals is kept equal to the voltage of the sampling signal data, the constant current discharge circuit is guaranteed to output stable discharge current, and the precision of the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit for detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a constant current discharge circuit diagram of a battery internal resistance detection circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a differential amplification circuit diagram of the battery internal resistance detection circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a sampling circuit diagram of the battery internal resistance detection circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic discharge current diagram of a method for detecting internal resistance of a storage battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating internal resistance variations measured according to the method C1/T1 for detecting internal resistance of a battery in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating internal resistance variations measured according to the method C2/T2 for detecting internal resistance of a battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating internal resistance variations measured according to the method C3/T3 for detecting internal resistance of a battery in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating internal resistance variations measured according to the method C4/T4 for detecting internal resistance of a battery in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is an internal resistance change curve measured at the pre-discharge stage of the method for detecting internal resistance of a storage battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an internal resistance change curve measured at the discharge detection stage of the method for detecting internal resistance of a storage battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a constant current discharge circuit; 2. a differential amplifier circuit; 3. a sampling circuit; 4. a filter circuit;
u1, a first comparator; u2, a second comparator; u3, a third comparator; u4, a fourth comparator;
u5, differential amplifier; D. an MOS tube; r1, a first resistor; r2, a second resistor;
r3, third resistor; r4, fourth resistor; r5, fifth resistor; r6, sixth resistor;
r7, a first bias resistor; r8, a second bias resistor; c1, a first capacitance; c2, a second capacitor;
c3, third capacitance.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: the main controller outputs different analog quantity signals according to actual sampling signal data in a matching mode to ensure that the constant current discharging circuit outputs stable discharging current.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the battery internal resistance detection circuit includes a main controller and a constant current discharge circuit 1, the constant current discharge circuit 1 includes a power supply, a first comparator U1 and a MOS transistor D, the main controller outputs at least two analog signals, an analog signal output end of the main controller is connected to a positive input end of the first comparator U1, a sampling signal output end of the main controller is connected to a negative input end of the first comparator U1, a voltage at the positive input end of the first comparator U1 is equal to a voltage at the negative input end of the first comparator U1, an output end of the first comparator U1 is connected to a gate of the MOS transistor D, a drain of the MOS transistor D is connected to the power supply, and a source of the MOS transistor D is grounded.
The working principle of the invention is briefly described as follows: the main controller outputs an analog quantity with the same voltage as the sampled signal data to the first comparator according to the actual sampled signal data, so that the first comparator outputs a stable discharge current, and the stability of the discharge current in the whole process of measuring the internal resistance of the storage battery is ensured.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the main controller outputs different analog quantity signals according to actual sampling signal data in a matching mode, the voltage of the analog quantity signals is kept equal to the voltage of the sampling signal data, the constant current discharge circuit is guaranteed to output stable discharge current, and the precision of the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit for detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery is improved.
Further, the differential amplifier circuit 2 is further included, and the sampling signal output end of the main controller is connected with the inverting input end of the first comparator U1 through the differential amplifier circuit 2.
From the above description, after the sampling signal is amplified by the differential amplification circuit, the operation and observation range is enlarged, which is beneficial to improving the detection precision.
Further, the differential amplifier circuit 2 includes a differential amplifier U5, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, the first resistor R1 is disposed between the output end of the differential amplifier U5 and the inverting input end of the differential amplifier U5, the inverting input end of the differential amplifier U5 is grounded through the second resistor R2, the positive input end of the differential amplifier U5 is connected to the master, and the output end of the differential amplifier U5 is connected to the inverting input end of the first comparator U1.
As can be seen from the above description, adjusting the ratio between the first resistor and the second resistor can change the gain of the differential amplifier circuit, thereby enhancing the versatility of the differential amplifier circuit.
Further, the capacitor further comprises a first capacitor C1, and the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1.
As can be seen from the above description, the first capacitor acts as a filter capacitor, and keeps the output signal through the first resistor smooth.
Further, the battery testing device further comprises a sampling circuit 3, the sampling circuit 3 includes a second comparator U2, a third comparator U3, a fourth comparator U4, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5, the positive electrode of a battery to be tested is connected to the input end of the second comparator U2, the output end of the second comparator U2 is connected to the positive-phase input end of the third comparator U3 through the third resistor R3, the negative electrode of the battery to be tested is connected to the input end of the fourth comparator U4, the output end of the fourth comparator U4 is connected to the inverting input end of the third comparator U3 through the fourth resistor R4, the output end of the third comparator U3 is electrically connected to the master controller, and the fifth resistor R5 is arranged between the output end and the inverting input end of the third comparator U3.
As can be seen from the above description, the second comparator and the fourth comparator can filter out the common part in the voltage in the storage battery, and the difference value is amplified by the third comparator, so that the voltage difference in the discharging process of the storage battery is highlighted, and the detection by a detector is facilitated.
Further, a second capacitor C2 is included, and the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the fifth resistor R5.
As can be seen from the above description, the second capacitor connected in parallel with the fifth resistor has a filtering function to weaken the strength of the interference signal output by the third comparator.
Further, the filter circuit 4 is further included, the filter circuit 4 includes a third capacitor C3 and a sixth resistor R6, the sixth resistor R6 is arranged between the third comparator U3 and the master controller, and the connection between the sixth resistor R6 and the master controller is grounded through the third capacitor C3.
From the above description, the filter circuit can remove the interference signal in the output signal of the third comparator, and provide an accurate sampling voltage for the main controller.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a first bias resistor R7 and a second bias resistor R8, the power supply is connected to the anode of the storage battery through the first bias resistor R7, and the power supply is connected to the cathode of the storage battery through the second bias resistor R8.
As can be seen from the above description, the first bias resistor and the second bias resistor can clamp the input terminals of the second comparator and the fourth comparator to a high potential under the action of the power supply.
A battery internal resistance detection method is based on the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit and comprises the following steps in a discharge detection stage: the constant current discharge circuit 1 is adopted to periodically discharge the storage battery, and the average current in each period is calculated.
From the above description, it can be known that the contingency of detecting the internal resistance of the current of the storage battery is reduced by calculating the average current in a plurality of discharge cycles, and the error is reduced by approaching the actual discharge current of the storage battery as much as possible.
Further, the method also comprises a pre-discharge stage before the discharge detection stage, wherein the operation steps of the pre-discharge stage are as follows: the constant current discharge circuit 1 is adopted to periodically discharge the storage battery, and the current in the pre-discharge stage is larger than that in the discharge detection stage.
As can be seen from the above description, a large discharge current in the pre-discharge stage can activate the battery pack in advance.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a first embodiment of the present invention is: the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit comprises a main controller (not shown) and a constant current discharge circuit 1 which are electrically connected, wherein the constant current discharge circuit 1 comprises a power supply, a first comparator U1 and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube D, the main controller at least outputs two analog quantity signals, an analog quantity signal output end of the main controller is connected with a positive phase input end of the first comparator U1, a sampling signal output end of the main controller is connected with a negative phase input end of the first comparator U1, the voltage of the positive phase input end of the first comparator U1 is equal to the voltage of the negative phase input end of the first comparator U1, an output end of the first comparator U1 is connected with a grid electrode of the MOS tube D, a drain electrode of the MOS tube D is connected with the power supply, and a source electrode of the MOS tube D is grounded. Referring to fig. 1, a port I DRIVER is an analog signal output terminal of the master controller, and a port I SENSE is a sampling signal output terminal of the master controller.
Referring to fig. 2, the digital signal processing circuit further includes a differential amplifier circuit 2, and a sampling signal output terminal of the main controller is connected to an inverting input terminal of the first comparator U1 through the differential amplifier circuit 2. In detail, the differential amplifier circuit 2 includes a differential amplifier U5, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, the first resistor R1 is disposed between the output end of the differential amplifier U5 and the inverting input end of the differential amplifier U5, the inverting input end of the differential amplifier U5 is grounded through the second resistor R2, the positive input end of the differential amplifier U5 is connected to the master, and the output end of the differential amplifier U5 is connected to the inverting input end of the first comparator U1. Specifically, the capacitor further comprises a first capacitor C1, and the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1. It is easily understood that the amplification factor of the differential amplifier U5 is the ratio of the resistance of the first resistor R1 to the resistance of the second resistor R2, and preferably, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is 51K, the resistance of the second resistor R2 is 1K, and the amplification factor of the differential amplifier U5 is 50 times.
Referring to fig. 3, the sampling circuit 3 further includes a second comparator U2, a third comparator U3, a fourth comparator U4, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a fifth resistor R5, an anode of the battery to be tested is connected to an input terminal of the second comparator U2, an output terminal of the second comparator is connected to a positive-phase input terminal of the third comparator U3 through the third resistor R3, a cathode of the battery to be tested is connected to an input terminal of the fourth comparator U4, an output terminal of the fourth comparator U4 is connected to an inverted-phase input terminal of the third comparator U3 through the fourth resistor R4, an output terminal of the third comparator U3 is electrically connected to the master, and the fifth resistor R5 is disposed between the output terminal and the inverted-phase input terminal of the third comparator U3. The sampling circuit 3 in this embodiment can filter out a common voltage across the battery under the combined action of the second comparator U2 and the fourth comparator U4, that is, a voltage difference across the battery is obtained through a difference comparison calculation, and the voltage difference is amplified by the third comparator U3 and then output to the main control chip, preferably, the main controller is an ADC chip.
In detail, the capacitor further comprises a second capacitor C2, and the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the fifth resistor R5.
The sampling circuit 3 in this embodiment further includes a filter circuit 4, the filter circuit 4 includes a third capacitor C3 and a sixth resistor R6, the sixth resistor R6 is provided between the third comparator U3 and the master controller, the connection between the sixth resistor R6 and the master controller is grounded through the third capacitor C3, the filter circuit 4 is used as the rear-end filter of the sampling circuit 3, can filter out the interference signal in the output signal of the third comparator U3, and inputs the amplified differential voltage into the master controller.
Optionally, the battery pack further includes a first bias resistor R7 and a second bias resistor R8, the power supply is connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the first bias resistor R7, and the power supply is connected to the negative electrode of the battery through the second bias resistor R8, referring to fig. 3, the voltage of the power supply is 3.3V, and the resistances of the first bias resistor R7 and the second bias resistor R8 are both 51K.
Referring to fig. 4, a method for detecting internal resistance of a battery based on the above-mentioned circuit for detecting internal resistance of a storage battery includes the following steps: the constant current discharge circuit 1 is adopted to periodically discharge the storage battery, and the average current in each period is calculated. In detail, the method also comprises a pre-discharge stage before the discharge detection stage, wherein the operation steps of the pre-discharge stage are as follows: the constant current discharge circuit 1 is adopted to periodically discharge the storage battery, and the current in the pre-discharge stage is larger than that in the discharge detection stage.
The specific mode is as follows: the discharging current pulse output by the pre-discharging stage is larger than that of the discharging detection stage, the pre-discharging stage is mainly used for activating the activity of the storage battery, and the internal resistance of the storage battery is not calculated in the pre-discharging stage. In the present embodiment, the discharge current C1 is shown as 3.2A, the corresponding discharge time t1 is 2.4ms, the discharge current C2 is 1.3A, and the corresponding discharge time t2 is 4.8ms, and it can be seen from the figure that the number of current pulses in the pre-discharge stage is five, that is, the current cycles of 3.2A and 1.3A are used for discharging the battery.
The discharge detection stage was switched to current cycle discharge of 1.9A and 0.5A, specifically, in the figure, the discharge current C3 was 1.9A, the discharge time corresponding thereto was 4.7ms at t3, the discharge current C4 was 0.5A, and the discharge time corresponding thereto was 4.7ms at t 2. In the discharging detection stage, the voltages of the storage battery are sampled at the ending time of t3 and t4, the voltages are respectively marked as V3 and V4, and the internal resistance of the storage battery is calculated by Ri ═ V4-V3)/(C3-C4.
The internal resistance of the storage battery is calculated and recorded in each cycle in the figure, preferably, the restaurant detection stage in the embodiment comprises ten cycles, and the internal resistance of the storage battery measured after weighted average of the internal resistances of the storage battery recorded in the ten cycles is obtained. Please refer to fig. 5 to 10 for the internal resistance curves measured by the above measured values.
Further, the numerical values of C1, C2, C3, C4, t1, t2, t3 and t4 may be selected from the ranges shown in the following table.
Within the selected value range of the table above, each discharge detection phase may comprise 5-10 cycles.
In summary, according to the circuit and the method for detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery provided by the invention, the main controller matches and outputs different analog quantity signals according to the actual sampling signal data, keeps the voltage of the analog quantity signals equal to the voltage of the sampling signal data, ensures that the constant current discharge circuit outputs stable discharge current, and improves the precision of the internal resistance of the storage battery detected by the circuit for detecting the internal resistance of the storage battery.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Battery internal resistance detection circuitry, its characterized in that: the constant current discharge circuit comprises a power supply source, a first comparator and an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube, wherein the power supply source, the first comparator and the MOS tube are electrically connected, the master controller outputs at least two analog quantity signals, an analog quantity signal output end of the master controller is connected with a positive phase input end of the first comparator, a sampling signal output end of the master controller is connected with a reverse phase input end of the first comparator, the voltage of the positive phase input end of the first comparator is equal to the voltage of the reverse phase input end of the first comparator, an output end of the first comparator is connected with a grid electrode of the MOS tube, a drain electrode of the MOS tube is connected with the power supply source, and a source electrode of the MOS tube is grounded.
2. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sampling circuit also comprises a differential amplification circuit, and the sampling signal output end of the main controller is connected with the inverted input end of the first comparator through the differential amplification circuit.
3. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the differential amplification circuit comprises a differential amplifier, a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the first resistor is arranged between the output end of the differential amplifier and the inverting input end of the differential amplifier, the inverting input end of the differential amplifier is grounded through the second resistor, the forward input end of the differential amplifier is connected with the main controller, and the output end of the differential amplifier is connected with the inverting input end of the first comparator.
4. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: the capacitor further comprises a first capacitor, and the first capacitor is connected with the first resistor in parallel.
5. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include sampling circuit, sampling circuit includes second comparator, third comparator, fourth comparator, third resistance, fourth resistance and fifth resistance, awaits measuring the positive pole of battery connect in the input of second comparator, the output of second comparator passes through third resistance connect in the normal phase input of third comparator, the negative pole of the battery that awaits measuring connect in the input of fourth comparator, the output of fourth comparator passes through fourth resistance connect in the inverting input of third comparator, the output of third comparator with master controller electric connection, be equipped with between the output of third comparator and the inverting input fifth resistance.
6. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: the capacitor further comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the fifth resistor in parallel.
7. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: the filter circuit comprises a third capacitor and a sixth resistor, the sixth resistor is arranged between the third comparator and the master controller, and the connection position of the sixth resistor and the master controller is grounded through the third capacitor.
8. The battery internal resistance detection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: the power supply is connected to the anode of the storage battery through the first bias resistor, and the power supply is connected to the cathode of the storage battery through the second bias resistor.
9. A storage battery internal resistance detection method based on the storage battery internal resistance detection circuit of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of: and periodically discharging the storage battery by adopting a constant current discharge circuit, and calculating the average current in each period.
10. The storage battery internal resistance detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the method also comprises a pre-discharge stage before the discharge detection stage, wherein the pre-discharge stage comprises the following operation steps: and a constant current discharge circuit is adopted to periodically discharge the storage battery, and the current in the pre-discharge stage is greater than the current in the discharge detection stage.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010640324.7A CN111580007A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Circuit and method for detecting internal resistance of storage battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010640324.7A CN111580007A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Circuit and method for detecting internal resistance of storage battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112415401A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-26 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Battery monitoring method, device and equipment applied to vehicle |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |
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