CN114256581B - Radial waveguide power divider/synthesizer based on high-isolation network - Google Patents
Radial waveguide power divider/synthesizer based on high-isolation network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz power synthesis, provides a radial waveguide power distribution/synthesis device based on a novel high-isolation network, and provides a method for adding an isolation network between distribution/synthesis networks for the first time, wherein at least 2N redundant ports are added on the basis of the traditional N +1 ports, so that strong coupling relation between branch ports is established, and high isolation of the radial network is realized; based on the technical scheme, the invention provides the annular cross-coupling isolation network formed by the N binary waveguide power distributors and the N binary waveguide power synthesizers, and the radial waveguide power distributor/synthesizer is formed based on the isolation network, so that high isolation of branch ports can be realized while power distribution/synthesis is realized, the actual problem that standing waves of a terahertz frequency band device are possibly poor is effectively solved, the phenomenon of port amplitude-phase imbalance caused by the standing waves of the ports is eliminated, and the applicability of a radial synthesis mode in a terahertz frequency band is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz power synthesis, and particularly provides a radial power divider/synthesizer based on a novel high-isolation network.
Background
Terahertz waves have great significance in the fields of wireless communication, radar detection, electronic countermeasure, atmospheric environment monitoring, medical imaging, safety inspection and the like, compared with millimeter waves, the extremely high working frequency of the terahertz waves is easier to realize a broadband system, the accuracy is improved for detection applications such as radar and imaging, and the channel bandwidth is increased, and the data capacity and the transmission rate are improved for data transmission applications such as wireless communication; however, limited by the output capability of a single power amplifier chip, scientific verification and application development of terahertz waves in active radars, wireless communications, active imaging and various emerging active application fields are still slow. The power synthesis is used as an important means for multiplying the output power of the device, the output power of the device can be superposed by tens of times or even hundreds of times, and the solid terahertz power synthesis amplifier/source suitable for scientific verification, industrial application and commercial application can be obtained.
The key point of the power synthesis technology is to realize a multi-path, broadband and low-loss power divider, divide one path of signals into a plurality of paths to be respectively amplified, then use the power divider as a power synthesizer to complete the synthesis of the multi-path signals, and finally the output power of the system is equal to the sum of the output power of each solid-state device, thereby realizing the multiplication of the output power. The main topological structure of the synthesis mode can be divided into binary synthesis, traveling wave synthesis, radial synthesis, free space synthesis and the like, and the radial waveguide synthesizer adopts a multi-path waveguide radial framework, can realize multi-path synthesis in a primary waveguide circuit and has the characteristics of low loss and high power capacity; however, under the condition of no consumption, the isolation between the ports of the traditional N +1 radial network branches is poor, the stability of the standing wave and the synthesis mode of the ports is ensured by the amplitude-phase balance of the ports, and particularly, the standing wave of the device in the terahertz frequency band is possibly poor and needs to be eliminated by taking measures; however, the method of using a thin film resistor to suppress an interference mode or using a waveguide slot to absorb an interference mode in the conventional N +1 network structure in the microwave and millimeter wave frequency band is not suitable for the terahertz frequency band.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention provides the method for adopting the novel high-isolation network as the isolation network of the radial power distribution/synthesizer for the first time, so that the application requirement of the terahertz frequency band is met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel high-isolation network radial power distribution/synthesizer which can be suitable for a terahertz frequency band, the characteristics of a high-order mode radial synthesis network are researched through a multimode scattering matrix theory, and the mechanism of non-full matching of a radial network containing an interference mode is known; the invention firstly provides a method for adding an isolation layer between distribution/synthesis networks to establish strong coupling relation between branch ports, thereby realizing high isolation of the radial network.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
radial waveguide power divider/combiner based on novel high isolation network includes: 1 circular waveguide, N rectangular waveguides and an annular cross-coupling isolation network, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the annular cross-coupling isolation network is characterized by comprising N binary waveguide power distributors and N binary waveguide power synthesizers, wherein the input ends of the N binary waveguide power distributors are connected with circular waveguides to form a radial network structure, and the output ends of the N binary waveguide power synthesizers are respectively connected with rectangular waveguides; each binary waveguide power divider equally divides an input signal into two paths of output signals, and the two paths of output signals adjacent to each other between the binary waveguide power dividers are synthesized and output through the binary waveguide power synthesizer.
Furthermore, the number of the annular cross-coupling isolation networks is M, and M is more than or equal to 1; when an annular cross-coupling isolation network is added, the isolation degrees of the branch ports are superposed once, and the energy mismatched at the output ports is uniformly distributed to other ports; every 1 ring-shaped cross-coupling isolation network has 2N redundant ports arranged therein, and the number of branch ports of the ring-shaped cross-coupling isolation network is unchanged.
Further, the binary waveguide power divider and the binary waveguide power combiner both adopt 90-degree bridges, specifically waveguide 90-degree branch line bridges, and when in use, the matching ports are connected with matching loads.
In terms of working principle:
the root reason that the traditional N +1 radial network cannot realize full matching is that under a specific dimension of a scattering matrix, a matrix unit is limited by the symmetry of the specific network, so that the reflection coefficients of all ports cannot be guaranteed to be zero mathematically; the invention provides a multimode scattering matrix theory to research the characteristics of a high-order mode radial synthesis network and understand the mechanism of non-full matching of a radial network containing an interference mode, which comprises the following steps:
the order of the multimode scattering matrix is M =1+ N + K, N is the number of branch ports, and K is the number of interference modes of the radial part; using the working mold as TM 01 For example, if the number of mode and branch ports N =8, then the total number of physical ports of the radial network including the interference mode is 9: comprises 1 combining port and 8 branch ports, and 2 interference modes (TE) in the radial circuit part 11 Mode and polarization degenerate mode thereof
Die), so the electrical ports of the network are 11; define interference modes asAt the 10 th port and the 11 th port, a multi-mode scattering matrix of the network can be obtained as shown in the formula (1):
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
for combining port TM 01 The reflection coefficient of the mode is such that,
i is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 9 and is used as a branch port and a path port TM for the involution of the branch ports 01 The transmission coefficient of the mode is such that,
and
matching channel ports TM for interference modes 01 The transmission coefficient of the mode; when i = j, S i,j And (i, j) is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 9 is the reflection coefficient of the port i; when i ≠ j, S i,j I is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 9, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 11 and is the transmission coefficient (coupling degree) of the port j to the port i;
and
for the reflection coefficients of the two interference modes,
and
in order to interfere with the transmission coefficient between the modes,
and
i =10,11, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 9 is the coupling degree of the port j to the interference mode port i.
The existence of the interference mode enables the number of the electrical ports of the network to be larger than the number of the physical ports, which is equivalent to the increase of the number of the ports; the ports 1, 10 and 11 cannot be mutually excited, as shown in formula (2), and the branch ports have reciprocity as shown in formula (3); due to the existence of multiple modes, the coupling coefficient between the modes is complex to calculate, but when a certain port has reflected waves, the reflected waves are unevenly distributed to the rest ports, the matching is deteriorated, and interference modes are excited. Therefore, compared with the main mode synthesis network, the higher-order mode synthesis network provided by the invention can reduce the traction effect of the branch to a certain extent when in non-ideal excitation, so that the reflected wave is uniformly distributed to other ports; from this conclusion, it can be known that the best way to solve the radial network isolation is to increase the number of network ports.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a radial waveguide power distribution/synthesis device based on a novel high isolation network, which researches the characteristics of a high-order mode radial synthesis network through a multimode scattering matrix theory, knows the mechanism of non-full matching of the radial network containing an interference mode, firstly proposes a method for adding an isolation network between distribution/synthesis networks, adds at least 2N redundant ports on the basis of the traditional N +1 ports, further establishes strong coupling relation between branch ports and realizes high isolation of the radial network; based on the above, the invention provides the annular cross-coupling isolation network composed of the N binary waveguide power distributors and the N binary waveguide power synthesizers, and the radial waveguide power distributor/synthesizer is composed based on the isolation network, so that the high isolation of the branch port can be realized while the power distribution/synthesis is realized, the actual problem that the standing wave of the terahertz frequency band device is possibly poor is effectively solved, and the port amplitude-phase imbalance phenomenon caused by the standing wave of the port is eliminated; and the stability of the radial synthesis power amplifier/source under the mismatch condition can be realized, and the applicability of the radial synthesis mode in the terahertz frequency band is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radial waveguide power divider/combiner based on a novel high isolation network in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein 101 is a circular waveguide, 401, 402, \ 8230, 408 is 8 rectangular waveguides; 201. 202, \ 8230, 208 and 301, 302, \ 8230, 308 are all 90-degree bridges, and together form a ring-shaped cross-coupling isolation network.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped cross-coupled isolation network according to the present invention; wherein P0 is a synthesis port, P1, P2, \8230;, pn (n ≧ 2) is a distribution port.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the isolation of a radial waveguide power splitter based on a novel high isolation network in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein S00 is the return loss of the input port, S11 is the return loss of the output port 1, S1, i =2, \ 8230, and 8 is the isolation between the other output ports and the output port 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
The embodiment provides a radial waveguide power divider/combiner based on a 3n +1 (N = 8) type high isolation network, and the structure of the radial waveguide power divider/combiner is shown in fig. 1, and specifically includes: a circular waveguide 101, 8 rectangular waveguides 401-408, and an annular cross-coupled isolation network; the annular cross-coupling isolation network is composed of 16 90-degree bridges, wherein 8 90-degree bridges 201-208 are used as power dividers, 8 90-degree bridges 301-308 are used as power combiners, the input ends of the 90-degree bridges 201-208 are connected with the circular waveguide 101 to form a radial network structure, and the output ends of the 90-degree bridges 301-308 are respectively connected with the rectangular waveguides 401-408; each power divider (90-degree bridge) equally divides an input signal into two paths of output signals, and two paths of adjacent output signals between the power dividers (90-degree bridges) are combined through a power combiner (90-degree bridge)Becomes output, the schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2, namely: one path of output signal and the output signal of the adjacent power divider (90-degree bridge) at one side of the power divider (90-degree bridge) are synthesized and output through a power synthesizer (90-degree bridge), and the other path of output signal and the output signal of the adjacent power divider (90-degree bridge) at the other side of the power divider (90-degree bridge) are synthesized and output through the power synthesizer (90-degree bridge); more specifically, taking the 90 ° bridge 202 as an example, the 90 ° bridge 202 equally divides the input signal into two output signals, one output signal is synthesized with the adjacent output signal of the 90 ° bridge 201 by the 90 ° bridge 302 and then output through the rectangular waveguide 402, and the other output signal is synthesized with the adjacent output signal of the 90 ° bridge 203 by the 90 ° bridge 303 and then output through the rectangular waveguide 403; finally, high isolation of the output ports 401 to 408 and the round waveguide 101 to 8 rectangular waveguides 401 to 408TE are realized 10 Conversion between modes and power allocation/synthesis.
When the radial waveguide power divider/combiner is used as a power divider: the input signal being TM 01 The mode is input from a circular waveguide port 101, eight paths of signals with equal amplitude and same phase are output by the circular waveguide and enter 90-degree waveguide branch line bridges 201 to 208 of the isolation network; the signal passing through the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridge 201 is divided into two paths of signals with equal amplitude and 90-degree phase difference, the two paths of signals respectively enter the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridges 301 and 302 through S-shaped bent waveguides, and the isolation ports of the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridges need to be connected with matched loads; similarly, the signal passing through the 90 waveguide branch bridge 202 enters the 90 waveguide branch bridges 302 and 303, \ 8230, respectively, and the signal passing through the 90 waveguide branch bridge 208 enters the 90 waveguide branch bridges 308 and 301, respectively; the signals of the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridge 201 to the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridge 302 lag behind the signals of the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridge 202 to the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridge 302, and are subjected to equal-amplitude and same-phase superposition at the output port after passing through the 90-degree waveguide branch line bridge 302, so that signals with equal amplitude and same phase are output at the rectangular waveguide ports 401 to 408 after passing through an isolation network, namely, high isolation of the output port is realized while power distribution is performed;
when used as a power combiner: when signals with equal amplitude and same phase are input into the rectangular waveguide ports 401-408, the eight paths of signals can be synthesized and output from the circular waveguide port 101;
the output ports (rectangular waveguide ports 401 to 408) of the pair of radial waveguide power splitting/combining units are butted to each other, that is, the splitting and combining of the signal energy are realized, and the terahertz wave power combining amplifier can be used.
Further, in this embodiment, the radial power divider based on a 3n +1 (N = 8) type high isolation network operates in a Y band, an operating frequency is 200 to 230GHz, a diameter of the input port circular waveguide 101 is 1.43mm, the output ports 401 to 408 are BJ2200 standard rectangular waveguides, and a size of 1.1mm × 0.55mm; the signal is input from the port 101, and the circular waveguide TM is connected 01 Mode conversion into rectangular waveguide TE 10 After passing through the waveguide branch line bridges 201 to 208 and 301 to 308 of the isolation network 90 degrees, the mode is distributed to output ports 401 to 408 in equal amplitude and in phase. As shown in fig. 3, which is an isolation curve diagram of the radial power divider of the novel high isolation network of embodiment N =8, in the range of 200 to 230GHz, the return loss of the input port is less than-20 dB, the return loss of the output port is less than-12 dB, the isolation between the output ports is less than-14.5 dB, and the isolation is significantly improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the disclosed features, or all of the method or process steps, may be combined in any combination, except mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Claims (3)
1. A radial waveguide power divider/combiner based on a high isolation network comprises: 1 circular waveguide, N rectangular waveguides and an annular cross-coupling isolation network, wherein N is more than or equal to 2; the annular cross-coupling isolation network is characterized by comprising N binary waveguide power distributors and N binary waveguide power combiners, wherein the input ends of the N binary waveguide power distributors are connected with the circular waveguide to form a radial network structure, and the output ends of the N binary waveguide power combiners are respectively connected with the rectangular waveguide; each binary waveguide power divider equally divides an input signal into two paths of output signals, and the two paths of output signals adjacent to each other between the binary waveguide power dividers are synthesized and output through the binary waveguide power synthesizer.
2. The high isolation network based radial waveguide power divider/combiner of claim 1, wherein the number of the ring-shaped cross-coupled isolation networks is M, and M is greater than or equal to 1.
3. The high isolation network based radial waveguide power divider/combiner of claim 1, wherein the binary waveguide power divider and the binary waveguide power combiner each employ a waveguide 90 ° stub bridge.
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Citations (4)
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| CN101752632A (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-23 | 泰勒斯公司 | Compact feed system for the generation of circular polarisation in an antenna and method of producing such system |
| CN102509840A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 华南理工大学 | High-isolation radial power synthesis amplifier with broadband air micro-strips |
| CN103682543A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十五研究所 | Microwave power synthesizer |
| CN110459851A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of miniaturization waveguide power division network |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101752632A (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-23 | 泰勒斯公司 | Compact feed system for the generation of circular polarisation in an antenna and method of producing such system |
| CN102509840A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-06-20 | 华南理工大学 | High-isolation radial power synthesis amplifier with broadband air micro-strips |
| CN103682543A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十五研究所 | Microwave power synthesizer |
| CN110459851A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-15 | 上海无线电设备研究所 | A kind of miniaturization waveguide power division network |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| "A Fully Isolated N-Way Radial Power Combiner";Hendrik J.du Toit 等;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES》;20200701;第68卷(第7期);全文 * |
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