CN114250106B - Distillation demetalization method for waste internal combustion engine oil - Google Patents
Distillation demetalization method for waste internal combustion engine oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114250106B CN114250106B CN202111624276.3A CN202111624276A CN114250106B CN 114250106 B CN114250106 B CN 114250106B CN 202111624276 A CN202111624276 A CN 202111624276A CN 114250106 B CN114250106 B CN 114250106B
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- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- engine oil
- waste
- distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0025—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes
- C10M175/0033—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning by thermal processes using distillation processes; devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
- C10M175/0016—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning with the use of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing metals from waste internal combustion engine oil by distillation, which comprisesComprises the following steps: before normal-pressure flash evaporation, injecting mixed alkali liquor into an inlet pipeline of an evaporation tower, and neutralizing acid substances in the waste internal combustion engine oil through the mixed alkali liquor; after vacuum distillation, (NH) is added to the waste internal combustion engine oil 3 ) 2 HPO 4 And stirred by (NH) 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Neutralizing alkaline substances in the used internal combustion engine oil while (NH) is being produced 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Reacting with metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil to generate phosphate, flocculating and settling the phosphate, allowing the settled upper layer liquid to enter a subsequent high vacuum distillation step, filtering the settled sediment to obtain a filter cake, and performing hazardous waste treatment on the filter cake to remove the metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil. The method can remove the impurities of the metal particles while distilling the waste internal combustion engine oil, avoid the metal particles from being enriched in residual oil, and save the subsequent hazardous waste treatment process; the method has the advantages of low equipment investment and high metal removal efficiency, and can be basically applied to all waste engine oil recovery treatment processes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste engine oil treatment, in particular to a method for removing metals from waste internal combustion engine oil by distillation.
Background
The internal combustion engine oil is composed of base oil and a certain amount of additives, and after being used for a period of time, the internal combustion engine oil loses normal functions due to introduction of impurities, deterioration of the additives and the like, and becomes waste internal combustion engine oil. The waste internal combustion engine oil contains saturated oil (light component base oil, for reason component) and unsaturated oil, and also contains impurities such as oil sludge, metal microparticles, carbon black, moisture, additives and degradation products. Among them, the kinds of metal particles in the used internal combustion engine oil are as many as 19, for example, nr, cr, pb, cu, zn, etc., due to cylinder liner friction, cracking of metal-containing additives, etc., and many of them are heavy metals.
The main process of the method is distillation, which is generally divided into three steps of normal pressure flash evaporation (removing paraffin oil from water), reduced pressure distillation (removing gas oil) and high vacuum distillation (distilling base oil distillate), and along with the distillation treatment, metal microparticles in the waste internal combustion engine oil can be enriched in residual oil (distillation residue), so that the residual oil is listed in a dangerous waste list by the country, the subsequent treatment is troublesome, the equipment investment is large, and the treatment efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for distilling and demetallizing waste internal combustion engine oil, which can effectively remove metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil in the distillation process of the waste internal combustion engine oil.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a method for the distillation demetallization of waste internal combustion engine oil, which is carried out along with the distillation process of the waste internal combustion engine oil, wherein the distillation process comprises three steps of atmospheric flash distillation, reduced pressure distillation and high vacuum distillation, and the demetallization method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before normal-pressure flash evaporation, injecting mixed alkali liquor into an inlet pipeline of an evaporation tower, neutralizing acidic substances in the waste internal combustion engine oil through the mixed alkali liquor, and then performing normal-pressure flash evaporation and reduced-pressure distillation on the waste internal combustion engine oil;
step two: after distillation under reduced pressure, (NH) is added to the waste internal combustion engine oil 3 ) 2 HPO 4 And stirred by (NH) 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Neutralizing alkaline substances in the used internal combustion engine oil while (NH) is being produced 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Reacting with metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil to generate phosphate, flocculating and settling the phosphate, allowing the settled upper layer liquid to enter a subsequent high vacuum distillation step, filtering the settled sediment to obtain a filter cake, and performing hazardous waste treatment on the filter cake to remove the metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil.
The further improvement is that the mixed alkali liquor is an aqueous solution formed by mixing NaOH and KOH according to the mass ratio of 7.
The further improvement is that the injection amount of the mixed alkali liquor is 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the waste internal combustion engine oil.
In a further improvement, the temperature of the used internal combustion engine oil is controlled to be 0 to 60 ℃ when the step one operation is performed.
In a further improvement, the (NH) is 3 ) 2 HPO 4 The adding amount of the additive is 1 to 5 percent of the mass of the waste internal combustion engine oil.
The further improvement is that when the second step is carried out, the temperature of the waste internal combustion engine oil is controlled to be 200-250 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can remove the impurities of the metal particles while distilling the waste internal combustion engine oil, avoid the metal particles from being enriched in residual oil, and save the subsequent hazardous waste treatment process; the method has the advantages of low equipment investment and high metal removal efficiency, and can be basically applied to all waste engine oil recovery treatment processes.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples, and it should be noted that the following detailed description is only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, and that the following non-limiting examples and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-mentioned application.
A method for the distillation demetallization of waste internal combustion engine oil, which is carried out along with the distillation process of the waste internal combustion engine oil, wherein the distillation process comprises three steps of atmospheric flash distillation, reduced pressure distillation and high vacuum distillation, and the demetallization method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before atmospheric flashing, injecting mixed alkali liquor into an inlet pipeline of an evaporation tower, wherein the mixed alkali liquor is an aqueous solution formed by mixing NaOH and KOH according to a mass ratio of 7 to 3, the mass concentration of the mixed alkali liquor is 50 percent, the injection amount of the mixed alkali liquor is 0.1-0.3 percent of the mass of the waste internal combustion engine oil, neutralizing acidic substances in the waste internal combustion engine oil through the mixed alkali liquor, and then performing atmospheric flashing and reduced pressure distillation on the waste internal combustion engine oil;
step two: after distillation under reduced pressure, (NH) is added to the waste internal combustion engine oil 3 ) 2 HPO 4 ，(NH 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Is added in an amount of 1-5% by mass of the used internal combustion engine oil, stirred, and passed through (NH) 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Neutralizing alkaline substances in the used internal combustion engine oil while (NH) is being produced 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Reacting with metal microparticles in waste internal combustion engine oil to generate phosphate, flocculating and settling the phosphate, and allowing the settled upper layer liquid to enter a subsequent high vacuum distillation step for settlingFiltering the sediment to obtain a filter cake, and performing hazardous waste treatment on the filter cake to remove metal microparticles in the waste internal combustion engine oil.
In the step one operation, the temperature of the used internal combustion engine oil may be controlled to 0 to 60 ℃, for example, normal temperature, and therefore the recovered used internal combustion engine oil may be directly subjected to the step one treatment. In the second step, the temperature of the used internal combustion engine oil is controlled to be 200-250 ℃ to ensure that (NH) 3 ) 2 HPO 4 The waste internal combustion engine oil discharged from the bottom of the tower is in the range of 200-250 ℃ after reduced pressure distillation, so that the waste internal combustion engine oil does not need to be heated in the second step, and only a certain heat preservation measure is needed.
It can be seen that the demetallization method can be completely attached to the existing distillation equipment and carried out along with the distillation process, so that the required investment site, equipment and labor cost can be greatly reduced, and the treatment efficiency can be obviously improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for the distillation demetallization of the waste internal combustion engine oil is characterized by being carried out along with a distillation process of the waste internal combustion engine oil, wherein the distillation process comprises three steps of atmospheric flash distillation, reduced pressure distillation and high vacuum distillation, and the demetallization method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: before normal-pressure flash evaporation, controlling the temperature of the waste internal combustion engine oil to be 0-60 ℃, injecting mixed alkali liquor into an inlet pipeline of an evaporation tower, neutralizing acid substances in the waste internal combustion engine oil through the mixed alkali liquor, and then performing normal-pressure flash evaporation and reduced-pressure distillation of the waste internal combustion engine oil;
step two: after the distillation under reduced pressure, the mixture is distilled,controlling the temperature of the waste internal combustion engine oil to 200-250 ℃, and adding (NH) into the waste internal combustion engine oil 3 ) 2 HPO 4 And stirred by (NH) 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Neutralizing alkaline substances in the waste internal combustion engine oil and simultaneously making (NH) 3 ) 2 HPO 4 Reacting with metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil to generate phosphate, flocculating and settling the phosphate, allowing the settled upper layer liquid to enter a subsequent high vacuum distillation step, filtering the settled sediment to obtain a filter cake, and performing hazardous waste treatment on the filter cake to remove the metal particles in the waste internal combustion engine oil.
2. The method for distillation demetalization of used internal combustion engine oil according to claim 1, wherein the mixed alkali solution is an aqueous solution of NaOH and KOH mixed according to a mass ratio of 7.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of the mixed alkali solution is 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the used internal combustion engine oil.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the (NH) is removed by distillation 3 ) 2 HPO 4 The adding amount of (A) is 1-5% of the mass of the waste internal combustion engine oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111624276.3A CN114250106B (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Distillation demetalization method for waste internal combustion engine oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111624276.3A CN114250106B (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Distillation demetalization method for waste internal combustion engine oil |
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| CN114250106A CN114250106A (en) | 2022-03-29 |
| CN114250106B true CN114250106B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL110104A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1999-07-14 | Corex Technologies 1993 Ltd | Process for the reclamation of used lubricating oils |
| AU4099999A (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-12-13 | Interline Hydrocarbon Inc. | Method for obtaining base oil and removing contaminants and additives from used oil products |
| ES2199697B1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-02-01 | Sener Grupo De Ingenieria, S.A. | PROCEDURE FOR REGENERATING OILS USED BY DEMETALIZATION AND DISTILLATION. |
| CN103937529B (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2015-12-23 | 中石化洛阳工程有限公司 | A kind of crude oil metal remover |
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