CN114247563A - Method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction material - Google Patents
Method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114247563A CN114247563A CN202111409575.5A CN202111409575A CN114247563A CN 114247563 A CN114247563 A CN 114247563A CN 202111409575 A CN202111409575 A CN 202111409575A CN 114247563 A CN114247563 A CN 114247563A
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- Prior art keywords
- iron ore
- reducing
- carbon residue
- coal
- materials
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
Abstract
The invention provides a method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction materials, which aims at the problems of low iron grade of dry separation materials and low production capacity of single equipment in the traditional dry magnetic separation method for the direct reduction materials of the iron ore, and comprises the following steps: the iron ore is reduced in an iron ore reduction furnace to obtain a high-temperature reduction material, and the high-temperature reduction material is cooled to normal temperature by an anaerobic cooler and then is classified into a material with the granularity of less than 4mm and a material with the granularity of more than 4mm by adopting a vibrating screen. Materials with the granularity of more than 4mm are directly added into an electric furnace for melting separation, materials with the granularity of less than 4mm are separated from residual carbon and coal ash by a winnowing machine, the obtained reduced materials are added into the melting separation electric furnace for melting separation, the residual carbon is returned to an iron ore batching system for utilization, and the coal ash is directly discharged. The invention realizes the removal of carbon residue and ash in the normal-temperature metalized material, and achieves the purposes of improving the iron grade of the metalized material and reducing the yield of a single device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and relates to a method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction materials.
Background
At present, in a non-blast furnace direct reduction process for iron making from iron ore, iron ore is generally adopted to produce high-temperature metallized materials through the direct reduction process, then the high-temperature metallized materials are subjected to anaerobic cooling to obtain normal-temperature metallized materials, the normal-temperature metallized materials are subjected to a separation process to remove residual carbon and ash in the material reduction process, and the obtained clean metallized materials are added into a melting electric furnace for melting separation to obtain high-temperature molten iron.
In the normal temperature separation process of the metal materials, the metal materials are in a porous sponge structure, so secondary oxidation of the metal materials can be caused by adopting a wet magnetic separation process, and a dry magnetic separation method is generally adopted.
In the dry magnetic separation process of the reduced materials at normal temperature, when the particle size of the reduced materials is too fine, dry separation is generally performed by using a permanent magnetic pulley, and fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of dry magnetic separation performed by using the permanent magnetic pulley. The reduced materials are conveyed to a separation magnetic system of a magnetic pulley through a belt, under the action of the magnetic force of the magnetic system and the centrifugal force of the magnetic pulley, the magnetic materials move closely to the surface of the belt, and the non-magnetic materials move away from the surface of the belt, so that the separation of the metalized materials from carbon residue and ash content is realized. The process has the following disadvantages: (1) the number of magnetic poles of the permanent magnetic pulley is limited, the magnetic turnover frequency is less, and the concentrate grade is low; (2) the permanent magnetic pulley has thin feeding material layer and small production capacity; (3) the feeding of the material layer has no dispersion condition. The metalized material obtained by dry separation is often mixed with partial carbon residue and ash, so that the iron grade of the metalized material is influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for separating carbon residue from direct reduced iron ore materials, aiming at the problems of low iron grade and low single-equipment production capacity of the direct reduced iron ore materials by adopting the traditional dry magnetic separation method, and the method can thoroughly remove the carbon residue and ash content in the direct reduced iron ore materials at normal temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the iron grade of metallic materials and the production capacity of single equipment.
The invention relates to a method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction materials, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the iron ore and the high-volatile reducing coal into an iron ore reducing furnace, and reducing the iron ore and the high-volatile reducing coal by the iron ore reducing furnace to obtain an iron ore direct reducing material; the high-volatile coal is coal with the granularity of 5-25mm, and the high-volatile coal is reduced by 40-45% of volatile matters.
The reducing agent for reducing the iron ore in the iron ore reducing furnace adopts high-volatile reduced coal, the high-volatile reduced coal contains 40-45% of volatile, the volatile is separated out from the coal at the temperature of above 400 ℃ in the heating process of the coal, and the volatile is in the ironThe ore can be finally fully pyrolyzed into H under the action of 900-1000 ℃ temperature in the ore reduction furnace2And activated granular carbon, H2The high-volatility reducing agent can be used as a reducing agent to carry out hydrogen reduction on iron ore, and residual substances of the high-volatility reducing coal after the iron ore is reduced are carbon residue and coal ash.
Selecting iron ore with the granularity of 4-20mm for high-temperature reduction, wherein the pulverization rate of the iron ore is below 5% in the reduction process in an iron ore reduction furnace, and the mass ratio of materials with the undersize granularity of 4mm is below 10% after the reduced materials are screened. The metalized materials with the granularity of more than 4mm account for more than 90 percent of the total material.
After the mixture of the iron ore and the high-volatility coal is reduced and cooled by the iron ore reducing furnace, as volatile components in the coal are completely separated out, the coal becomes honeycomb-shaped carbon residue with lower strength, and the honeycomb-shaped carbon residue can be crushed into carbon residue below 4mm in the flowing process in the reducing furnace, so that after the reduced material is subjected to particle size classification by adopting a vibrating screen with 4mm, the amount of carbon residue contained in the material on the screen is very small, and the material can directly enter a melting electric furnace for utilization.
The high volatile coal is coal with the granularity of 5-25mm, after the coal is fully pyrolyzed at the high temperature of 1000 ℃ with 900-.
(2) The direct reduction material of the high-temperature iron ore discharged from the iron ore reduction furnace is cooled to below 200 ℃ by an anaerobic cooler.
(3) And (3) grading the cooled normal-temperature reducing material by adopting a vibrating screen to obtain a metalized material with the particle size of more than 4mm and a mixture of the reducing material with the particle size of less than 4mm, carbon residue and coal ash.
(4) Adding the mixture of the reducing material with the particle size of less than 4mm, the carbon residue and the coal ash into a dry magnetic separator, and classifying the material into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material under the action of a dry separation field strength of 1000-1500 Oe.
(5) Adding the non-magnetic material into a winnowing machine, under the action of wind power airflow, sorting the non-magnetic material into coarse-grain carbon residue and fine-grain coal ash according to the difference of material particle sizes, discharging the fine-grain coal ash as coal ash, and returning the coarse-grain carbon residue to a raw material system of an iron ore reduction furnace and mixing with iron ore for utilization.
When the non-magnetic material is winnowed in a winnower, the non-magnetic material is separated into coarse grain carbon residue and fine grain coal ash under the action of airflow of 1-3KPa in the wind field according to different winnowed characteristics of materials with different grain sizes, namely different sensitivity degrees to the wind field.
(6) And (4) adding the magnetic material obtained in the step (3) and a metalized material with the granularity of more than 4mm into a melting electric furnace, and melting at high temperature to obtain semisteel water and slag with the carbon content of 1-2%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by selecting high-volatile coal with the granularity of 5-25mm as a reducing agent of the iron ore, the volatile content in the reduced coal is up to 40-45%, so that the granularity of most of carbon residue discharged from an iron ore reducing furnace after the coal particles reduce the iron ore is below 4mm, and the separation of the reduced material with the granularity of more than 4mm from the carbon residue and coal ash can be realized by using a screening method.
(2) In the normal-temperature reduced material with the particle size of less than 4mm obtained by screening, because the reduced material contains carbon residue and coal ash, in order to realize the separation of the reduced material from the carbon residue and the coal ash, the separation of minerals is realized by adopting a wind power separation method according to the characteristic that the density difference between the reduced material and the carbon residue and the coal ash is large.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of dry magnetic separation by a permanent magnetic pulley;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for separating carbon residue from a direct reduction material of iron ore.
Detailed Description
A method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction material, the process flow chart is shown in figure 1, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the iron ore and the high-volatile reducing coal into an iron ore reducing furnace, and reducing the iron ore and the high-volatile reducing coal by the iron ore reducing furnace to obtain an iron ore direct reducing material; the high-volatile coal is coal with the granularity of 5-25mm, the high-volatile coal is reduced by 40-45% of volatile components, and the granularity of the iron ore is 4-20 mm; the iron ore is lump iron ore with iron grade of more than 40%, oxidized pellet ore with iron grade of more than 50% and sintered ore with granularity of 5-20 mm.
(2) The direct reduction material of the high-temperature iron ore discharged from the iron ore reduction furnace is cooled to below 200 ℃ by an anaerobic cooler.
(3) And (3) grading the cooled normal-temperature reducing material by adopting a vibrating screen to obtain a metalized material with the particle size of more than 4mm and a mixture of the reducing material with the particle size of less than 4mm, carbon residue and coal ash.
(4) Adding the mixture of the reduced material with the particle size of less than 4mm, the carbon residue and the coal ash into a dry magnetic separator, and classifying the material into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material under the action of a dry separation field strength 1200 Oe.
(5) Adding the non-magnetic material into a winnowing machine, under the action of wind power airflow, sorting the non-magnetic material into coarse-grain carbon residue and fine-grain coal ash according to the difference of material particle sizes, discharging the fine-grain coal ash as coal ash, and returning the coarse-grain carbon residue to a raw material system of an iron ore reduction furnace and mixing with iron ore for utilization.
When the non-magnetic material is winnowed in a winnower, the non-magnetic material is separated into coarse grain carbon residue and fine grain coal ash under the action of airflow of 1-3KPa in the wind field according to different winnowed characteristics of materials with different grain sizes, namely different sensitivity degrees to the wind field.
(6) And (4) adding the magnetic material obtained in the step (3) and a metalized material with the granularity of more than 4mm into a melting electric furnace, and melting at high temperature to obtain semisteel water and slag with the carbon content of 1-2%.
Claims (2)
1. A method for separating carbon residue from iron ore direct reduction material is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the iron ore and the high-volatile reducing coal into an iron ore reducing furnace, and reducing the iron ore and the high-volatile reducing coal by the iron ore reducing furnace to obtain an iron ore direct reducing material; the high-volatile coal is coal with the granularity of 5-25mm, the high-volatile coal is reduced by 40-45% of volatile components, and the granularity of the iron ore is 4-20 mm;
(2) directly reducing high-temperature iron ore discharged from an iron ore reduction furnace to a temperature below 200 ℃ by using an oxygen-free cooler;
(3) grading the cooled normal-temperature reducing material by adopting a vibrating screen to obtain a metalized material with the particle size of more than 4mm and a mixture of the reducing material with the particle size of less than 4mm, residual carbon and coal ash;
(4) adding a mixture of a reducing material with the particle size of less than 4mm, carbon residue and coal ash into a dry magnetic separator, and classifying the material into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material under the action of a dry separation field strength of 1000-1500 Oe;
(5) adding a non-magnetic material into a winnowing machine, under the action of wind power airflow, sorting the non-magnetic material into coarse-grain carbon residue and fine-grain coal ash according to the difference of material particle sizes, discharging the fine-grain coal ash serving as the coal ash, returning the coarse-grain carbon residue to a raw material system of an iron ore reduction furnace, and batching and utilizing the coarse-grain carbon residue and the iron ore;
(6) and (4) adding the magnetic material obtained in the step (3) and a metalized material with the granularity of more than 4mm into a melting electric furnace, and melting at high temperature to obtain semisteel water and slag with the carbon content of 1-2%.
2. The method of claim 1 for separating carbon residue from a direct reduction material of iron ore, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the pressure of the wind power field of the air separator is 1-3 KPa.
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