CN114246157A - Precise feeding system and method for fattening pig individuals - Google Patents
Precise feeding system and method for fattening pig individuals Download PDFInfo
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- CN114246157A CN114246157A CN202011002788.1A CN202011002788A CN114246157A CN 114246157 A CN114246157 A CN 114246157A CN 202011002788 A CN202011002788 A CN 202011002788A CN 114246157 A CN114246157 A CN 114246157A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000006180 nutrition needs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/03—Housing for domestic or laboratory animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/02—Pigsties; Dog-kennels; Rabbit-hutches or the like
- A01K1/035—Devices for use in keeping domestic animals, e.g. fittings in housings or dog beds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K11/00—Marking of animals
- A01K11/001—Ear-tags
- A01K11/004—Ear-tags with electronic identification means, e.g. transponders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K5/00—Feeding devices for stock or game ; Feeding wagons; Feeding stacks
- A01K5/02—Automatic devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K5/00—Feeding devices for stock or game ; Feeding wagons; Feeding stacks
- A01K5/02—Automatic devices
- A01K5/0208—Automatic devices with conveyor belts or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K5/00—Feeding devices for stock or game ; Feeding wagons; Feeding stacks
- A01K5/02—Automatic devices
- A01K5/0275—Automatic devices with mechanisms for delivery of measured doses
- A01K5/0283—Automatic devices with mechanisms for delivery of measured doses by weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G17/00—Apparatus for or methods of weighing material of special form or property
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
Abstract
The invention discloses a fattening pig individual accurate feeding system and method, and belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding. The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides an individual accurate feeding system of growing and fattening pig, including drinking water area, the district of feeding and selling, the setting is in drinking water area, sell the fence balance that is equipped with first radio frequency identification ware between district and the district of feeding, the setting is in the district of feeding, mutual interval and shielding each other, be equipped with the accurate feeding device of a plurality of second frequency modulation identification ware respectively at the one-way door between drinking water area and the district of feeding, with the fence balance, first radio frequency identification ware, the control center that accurate feeding device electricity is connected, and wear the electronic mark on the pig body. The invention provides a fattening pig individual precise feeding system which can accurately feed, reduce feed waste, accurately meet the most economic nutritional requirements of individual pigs and achieve uniform slaughter weight, and provides a fattening pig individual precise feeding method which can automatically and precisely feed pigs, achieve uniform weight and achieve automatic slaughter and save manpower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to a precise feeding system and method for fattening pigs.
Background
For the fattening pig feeding of scattered households, no fixed feeding standard exists, the fattening pig feeding modes of the households are greatly different, the precise feeding effect cannot be achieved generally, and at present, the domestic collective large-scale breeding generally adopts a small-fence feeding mode (the number of the fattening pigs in each fence is about 20) mode.
Different feeds should be fed theoretically at different stages of fattening the pigs. However, the same feed is taken by the pigs in the same batch in the pigsty, which causes that: (1) the nutrition obtained by the small weight is insufficient; the large-weight person obtains excessive energy, which causes the waste of feed; (2) the weight of the pigs with large weight is seriously uneven when the pigs with small weight are slaughtered.
In order to solve the problems of feed waste and uneven slaughter in small-stall feeding, the European part adopts a mode of large-stall group feeding (about 500 big stalls per large stall), a stall dividing scale is adopted to divide the pigs into a light feeding area and a heavy feeding area according to the weight of the pigs, and two feed lines are adopted to feed two different feeds, so that the weight of the slaughtered pigs is even to a great extent. However, the feeding mode has the defects that the setting of a light limit is difficult, the precise feeding of individual pigs cannot be realized, and the most suitable nutrition cannot be provided for the individual pigs.
How to solve the above technical problems is the subject of the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a fattening pig individual accurate feeding system which can accurately meet the feeding demand of individual pigs, simultaneously reduce feed waste to the greatest extent, accurately meet the most economic nutritional demand of the individual pigs and achieve uniform slaughter weight, and provides an automatic accurate feeding method for fattening pigs, which can achieve automatic precise feeding of pigs, achieve uniform weight and save manpower.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a precision feeding system for individual fattening pigs, which comprises a drinking area, a feeding area and a selling area which are mutually independent, a compartment scale with an input end communicated with the drinking area and comprising a first compartment door communicated with the selling area and a second compartment door communicated with the feeding area, a first radio frequency identifier arranged at the second compartment door, a one-way door arranged between the drinking area and the feeding area and facing the drinking area from the feeding area, a plurality of precision feeding devices arranged in the feeding area, mutually spaced and mutually shielded, respectively communicated with a feed line system and respectively provided with a second frequency modulation identifier, a control center electrically connected with the compartment scale, the first radio frequency identifier and the plurality of precision feeding devices, and a control center worn on each fattening pig body, And the electronic tags are respectively matched with the first radio frequency identifier and the second frequency modulation identifier.
When the system is used, each fattening pig entering the system is worn with an electronic tag containing the identity information of the fattening pig, preferably, each fattening pig ear is worn with an electronic tag, so that automatic checking of a swinery can be realized, and meanwhile, real-time tracking recording is carried out on the feed intake, growth performance, health state and the like of the swinery or an individual pig, wherein the electronic tags are the prior art and are not repeated herein;
the pig only has a rest in the drinking area, when the pig needs to eat, the pig enters the column-dividing scale from the drinking area, the column-dividing scale transmits weight information of the pig to the control center, the control center updates the weight information in the electronic mark worn by the pig, if the weight of the pig reaches the column-out selling standard, the control center controls the first column-dividing door to be opened, the pig is guided to enter the selling area, and if the weight of the pig does not reach the column-out selling standard, the control center controls the second column-dividing door to be opened, and the pig is guided to enter the feeding area;
when a pig approaches or passes through a second gate, the first radio frequency identifier identifies the electronic mark worn on the pig and transmits information to the control center, the control center calculates the optimal food intake suitable for the pig by combining the identity information of the pig, the split-column scale is the prior art, the existing equipment is available on the market, manufacturers such as Rui Baole, Osteben and the like, and the weight information of the split-column scale is transmitted through an RS485 communication interface;
when the pig is close to any precise feeding device, the corresponding second frequency modulation identifier reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center, and the control center controls the precise feeding device to feed according to the optimal feeding amount calculated in the prior art so as to meet the feeding requirement of the pig, realize the precise control of the feeding amount and reduce the feed waste to the maximum extent; after the pigs finish feeding, the pigs return to a drinking area for drinking water and/or rest through a one-way door; the first frequency modulation identifier and the second frequency modulation identifier are both in the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The invention is characterized in that the stockline system comprises a first stockline communicated with a first stocktower for containing high-cost high-digestible amino acid daily ration and a second stockline communicated with a second stocktower for containing low-cost low-nutrition level daily ration, when a first radio frequency identifier identifies an electronic mark worn on a pig body and transmits information to a control center, the control center calculates the optimal feed intake suitable for the pig body and calculates the feed intake proportion of two kinds of oral rations of the pig, so that the most economic nutrition requirement of individual pigs in a pig group can be met accurately, the meat-feed ratio of the pig body is improved through the calculation of a feed formula of the individual pigs, the growth performance of the pig body is stimulated to the greatest extent, and the purpose of uniform slaughter weight is achieved.
The invention is also specifically characterized in that the precision feeding device comprises:
the trigger separation assembly comprises a bearing frame and a second radio frequency identifier, wherein the lower end part of the bearing frame can accommodate a single pig to enter, and the second radio frequency identifier is arranged at an entrance of the bearing frame and is matched with the electronic mark;
the feeding assembly is positioned in a space accommodated by the lower end part of the bearing frame;
the feed guide assembly comprises two feed barrels arranged at the top of the bearing frame and with input ends respectively communicated with the first material line and the second material line and used for storing corresponding daily rations, preferably, the first material line and the second material line are parallel to each other, the feed barrels are communicated with the corresponding first material line or second material line through a three-way pipe, so that a plurality of accurate feeding devices can be conveniently and uniformly arranged along the direction of the first material line or the second material line, the feed guide barrels are arranged between the output ends of the two feed barrels and the input end of the feed intake assembly and are used for mixing the daily rations while guiding the materials, preferably, the feed guide barrels are funnel-shaped and are convenient to guide the materials, further, the feed guide barrels are long-neck funnel-shaped and are used for fully mixing the daily rations when passing through necks, and a material inlet end of each feed guide barrel is arranged between the output end of each feed barrel and the input end of each feed guide barrel, The control part is positioned on the accurate feeding part in the control box and controls the output quantity of the daily ration in the corresponding charging barrel; and the control part of the accurate feeding part is electrically connected with the control center.
When the pig feeding device is used, when a pig only passes through an entrance of the bearing frame, the corresponding second radio frequency identifier identifies the electronic mark worn by the pig and transmits information to the control center, and the control center transmits signals to the control part according to the optimal feed intake calculated before and the feed intake proportion of each daily ration to control the corresponding accurate feeding part to accurately feed each daily ration.
The invention is characterized in that the accurate feeding part is provided with a feeding auger, the feeding amount can be controlled by controlling the number of rotation turns of the feeding auger, and the control is convenient.
The invention is characterized in that the feeding assembly comprises a trough and a weighing sensor which is used for weighing the feed in the trough and is electrically connected with the control center, when the feeding assembly is used, the feed in the trough is weighed in real time, on one hand, the weighing sensor presets a minimum value, when the feed amount in the trough is lower than the minimum value, information is fed back to the control center, accurate feeding is further carried out under appropriate conditions, accumulation of residual feed in the trough is prevented, and feed waste is prevented, on the other hand, the feeding precision of two corresponding accurate feeding pieces can be checked, when the total feed amount monitored by the feeding assembly does not meet the optimal feed intake of a pig, a signal is fed back to the control center, the accurate feeding pieces are controlled to continue to feed the feed with corresponding amount difference, the situation that the pig cannot feed enough for the pig due to insufficient feeding of the pig due to an empty feed area in the accurate feeding pieces is prevented, the development of the pig is influenced, preferably, each day is carried out a small amount and equal feeding according to the feed intake ratio, preferably, single input sets up to 20g, and when weighing sensor monitored the blanking total amount in the trough exceeded its best feed intake, even the pig only got into the bearing frame again and took place to feed the action and also did not continue to throw the material, prevented that the pig only once only carries out a small amount of feeds and causes the fodder extravagant, weighing sensor is prior art, no longer gives details here.
The feeding assembly is characterized by further comprising a fixedly arranged support, the trough and the weighing sensor are arranged on the support, the trough and the weighing sensor can be protected, and the situation that a pig only displaces the trough and/or damages the sensor is avoided.
The invention is particularly characterized in that the trigger separation assembly further comprises a shielding plate which is arranged on the bearing frames and used for shielding the adjacent second radio frequency identification devices, so that the situation that the pigs enter one of the bearing frames to be fed by the adjacent precise feeding devices when eating is avoided, the feed is wasted, preferably, a plurality of precise feeding devices are arranged in line and arranged in sequence, the electronic mark is set to adopt 134.2KHz working frequency, the second radio frequency identifier is set to be in the reading range of about 30-50cm, the shielding plate comprises a steel plate with a round hole, the corresponding second radio frequency identifier is isolated and fixed with the steel plate through a plastic plate parallel to the steel plate, preferably, the thickness of the plastic plate is set to be about 4cm, two adjacent accurate feeding devices are located on two sides of the steel plate, and pigs entering the adjacent accurate feeding devices are prevented from being identified and read by the back of the second radio frequency identifier.
The precision feeding method for the fattening pig individuals according to the precision feeding system for the fattening pig individuals comprises the following steps:
step S1: each pig of a to-be-fattened pig group is only worn with the electronic tag including the identity information of the pig, the information of the electronic tag is input into the control center and is put into the drinking area, and a marketing selling standard is set in the control center;
step S2: the method comprises the following steps that a pig to be fed only leaves a drinking area to enter and only can enter a fence scale, the fence scale collects weight information of the pig to a control center, the control center updates the weight information in an electronic mark worn by the control center, and if the weight of the pig does not reach a fence selling standard, the control center controls a second fence door to be opened to guide the pig to enter a feeding area; when the pig approaches or passes through the second gate, the first radio frequency identifier reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center, and the control center calculates the optimal feed intake and feed intake proportion suitable for the pig by combining the identity information of the pig;
step S3: when the pigs are close to any one precise feeding device, the corresponding second frequency modulation identifier reads the electronic mark worn on the pigs and transmits information to the control center, and the control center controls the precise feeding device to feed according to the optimal feed intake and the feed intake ratio;
step S4: after the pigs finish feeding, the pigs return to the drinking area for drinking water and/or rest only through the one-way door;
step S5: and repeating the steps S02 to S04 until the weight collected by the fence scale reaches the fence selling standard when the pigs only enter the fence scale, and controlling the first fence door to be opened by the control center to guide the pigs to enter the selling area for fence selling.
Wherein the step S3 includes the steps of:
step S301: when the pig is close to any one precise feeding device, the second frequency modulation identifier reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center; meanwhile, the weighing sensor transmits the corresponding feed information in the trough to the control center;
step S302: when the feed excess in the trough is insufficient and the total feeding amount of the pigs in the feeding process (one feeding process from the feeding area to the drinking area) does not exceed the optimal feeding amount, the control center transmits a signal to the control part to control the corresponding accurate feeding part to feed the pigs into the trough according to the feeding proportion.
Wherein the step S302 includes the steps of:
step S30201: when the feed excess in the trough is insufficient and the total feed feeding amount for the pig in the feeding process does not exceed the optimal feed intake, the control center transmits a signal to the control part to control the corresponding accurate feed feeding part to feed a small amount of feed in the trough at a time according to the feed intake proportion;
step S30202: repeating the step S30201 until the total feed amount fed to the pig exceeds the optimal feed intake amount in the current feed intake process; or the pigs give up eating in the precise feeding device, and the steps S301 and S30201 are repeated until the total feeding amount of the pigs exceeds the optimal feeding amount in the feeding process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the accurate feeding system for the fattening pig individuals, provided by the invention, can realize accurate feeding according to the information of the day age, the variety, the weight and the like of each pig, and simultaneously realize the control of the feed amount of feeding, so that the feed waste is reduced to the greatest extent while the feeding requirement of the pigs is met; the most economic nutritional requirements of individual pigs in a swinery can be accurately met, the meat-feed ratio of the pigs is improved through the calculation of the individual scientific feed formula of the pigs, the growth performance of the pigs is stimulated to the greatest extent, and the purpose of uniform slaughter weight is achieved; set up weighing sensor, can weigh the fodder in the trough in real time, can prevent on the one hand that the trough internal waste material from piling up in order to prevent that the fodder is extravagant, on the other hand, can check the unloading precision of two corresponding accurate feeding pieces, when the fodder total amount that it monitored does not satisfy the best feed intake of pig only, feedback signal to control center, control accurate feeding piece continues to put in the fodder of corresponding volume difference, prevent that accurate feeding piece from appearing empty material district and leading to the pig to eat not enough, influence the pig and only develop. According to the fattening pig individual accurate feeding method provided by the invention, real-time tracking recording and automatic point tracking of the swinery can be carried out on the feed intake, growth performance, health state and the like of the swinery or individual pigs, automatic accurate feeding of the pigs and automatic slaughter of uniform weight can be realized, labor is saved, accurate feeding of the individual pigs with the optimal internal feed ratio is realized, the individual pigs are provided with the most appropriate nutrition, feed waste is reduced to the greatest extent, and the growth performance of the pigs is stimulated to the greatest extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a precision feeding system for fattening pigs according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a precision feeding device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a precise feeding method for fattening pig individuals in the invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: 1. a drinking area; 2. a feeding area; 3. a vending area; 4. dividing into columns and weighing; 5. a one-way door; 6. a precision feeding device; 61. a material guiding assembly; 61-1, a barrel; 61-2, accurately feeding the material; 61-3, a material guide cylinder; 61-4, a control box; 62. triggering the separation component; 62-1, a bearing frame; 62-2, a second radio frequency identifier; 62-3, a shielding plate; 63. a feeding component; 63-1, a trough; 63-2, a weighing sensor; 63-3, a bracket; 71. a first material tower; 72. a second material tower; 7-1, a first stock line; 7-2 and a second material line.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the invention provides an individual precise feeding system for fattening pigs, which comprises a drinking area 1, a feeding area 2 and a selling area 3 which are independent of each other, a compartment scale 4 with an input end communicated with the drinking area 1 and comprising a first compartment door communicated with the selling area 3 and a second compartment door communicated with the feeding area 2, a first radio frequency identifier arranged at the second compartment door, a one-way door 5 arranged between the drinking area 1 and the feeding area 2 and extending from the feeding area 2 to the drinking area 1, a plurality of precise feeding devices 6 arranged at the feeding area 2, spaced from each other and shielded from each other, respectively communicated with a feed line system and respectively provided with second frequency modulation identifiers 62-2, a control center respectively electrically connected with the compartment scale 4, the first radio frequency identifier and the plurality of precise feeding devices 6, and a control center electrically connected with the compartment scale 4, the first radio frequency identifier and the plurality of precise feeding devices 6 respectively, wherein the control center is worn on each fattening pig body, And the electronic tags are respectively matched with the first radio frequency identifier and the second frequency modulation identifier 62-2.
When the system is used, each fattening pig entering the system is worn with an electronic tag containing the identity information of the fattening pig, preferably, each fattening pig ear is worn with an electronic tag, so that automatic checking of a swinery can be realized, and meanwhile, real-time tracking recording is carried out on the feed intake, growth performance, health state and the like of the swinery or an individual pig, wherein the electronic tags are the prior art and are not repeated herein;
the pig only has a rest in the drinking area 1, when the pig needs to eat, the pig enters the column-dividing scale 4 from the drinking area 1, the column-dividing scale 4 transmits weight information of the pig to the control center, the control center updates the weight information in the electronic mark worn by the pig, if the weight of the pig reaches the column selling standard, the control center controls the first column door to be opened, the pig is guided to enter the selling area 3, and if the weight of the pig does not reach the column selling standard, the control center controls the second column door to be opened, and the pig is guided to enter the feeding area 2;
when a pig approaches or passes through a second gate, the first radio frequency identifier identifies the electronic mark worn on the pig and transmits information to the control center, the control center calculates the optimal feed intake suitable for the pig by combining the identity information of the pig, the split-column scale 4 is the prior art, the existing equipment is available on the market, manufacturers such as Rui Baole, Osteben and the like, and the weight information of the split-column scale 4 is transmitted through an RS485 communication interface;
when a pig is close to any one precise feeding device 6, the corresponding second frequency modulation identifier 62-2 identifies and reads the electronic mark worn on the pig and transmits information to the control center, and the control center controls the precise feeding device 6 to feed according to the optimal feeding amount calculated in the prior art so as to meet the feeding requirement of the pig, realize the precise control of the feeding amount and reduce the feed waste to the greatest extent; after the pigs finish feeding, the pigs return to the drinking area 1 for drinking water and/or rest through the one-way door 5; the first frequency modulation identifier and the second frequency modulation identifier are both in the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The invention is characterized in that the stockline system comprises a first stockline 7-1 communicated with a first stocktower 71 containing high-cost high-digestible amino acid daily ration and a second stockline 7-2 communicated with a second stocktower 72 containing low-cost low-nutrition-level daily ration, when a first radio frequency identifier identifies an electronic mark worn on a pig body and transmits information to a control center, the control center calculates the optimal feed intake suitable for the pig and calculates the feed intake ratio of two kinds of rations of the pig, so that the most economic nutrition requirement of individual pigs in a pig herd can be accurately met, the meat-feed ratio of the pig is improved through the calculation of an individual scientific feed formula of the pig, the growth performance of the pig is stimulated to the greatest extent, and the purpose of uniform slaughter weight is achieved.
The invention is also specifically characterized in that the precision feeding device 6 comprises:
the trigger separation component 62 comprises a bearing frame 62-1 the lower end part of which can accommodate a single pig and a second radio frequency identifier 62-2 which is arranged at the entrance of the bearing frame 62-1 and is matched with the electronic mark;
the feeding assembly 63 is positioned in a space accommodated by the lower end part of the bearing frame 62-1;
and a material guiding component 61, which comprises two material cylinders 61-1 arranged at the top of the bearing frame 62-1, the input ends of which are respectively communicated with the first material line 7-1 and the second material line 7-2, and is used for storing corresponding daily grains, preferably, the first material line 7-1 is parallel to the second material line 7-2, the material cylinders 61-1 are communicated with the corresponding first material line 7-1 or second material line 7-2 through a three-way pipe, so that a plurality of accurate feeding devices 6 are conveniently and uniformly arranged along the direction of the first material line 7-1 or second material line 7-2, the material guiding cylinders 61-3 are arranged between the output ends of the two material cylinders 61-1 and the input end of the food collecting component 63, the daily grains are mixed while guiding the materials, preferably, the material guiding cylinders 61-3 are in funnel shapes, the feeding device is convenient for feeding materials, furthermore, the feeding cylinders 61-3 are in a long-neck funnel shape, so that the daily rations can be fully mixed when passing through the neck, and a precise feeding part 61-2 with a control part positioned in the control box 61-4 is respectively arranged between the output end of each charging cylinder 61-1 and the input end of the feeding cylinder 61-3, so as to control the output quantity of the daily rations in the corresponding charging cylinder 61-1; the control part of the precise feeding part 61-2 is electrically connected with the control center.
When the pig passes through the entrance of the bearing frame 62-1, the corresponding second radio frequency identifier 62-2 identifies the electronic mark worn by the pig and transmits information to the control center, and the control center transmits signals to the control part according to the calculated optimal feed intake and the feed intake proportion of each daily ration, and controls the corresponding accurate feeding part 61-2 to accurately feed each daily ration.
The invention has the specific characteristics that the accurate feeding part 61-2 is provided with the feeding packing auger, the feeding amount can be controlled by controlling the number of rotation turns of the feeding packing auger, and the control is convenient.
The invention is characterized in that the feeding assembly 63 comprises a feeding trough 63-1 and a weighing sensor 63-2 which is used for weighing the feed in the feeding trough 63-1 and is electrically connected with the control center, when the feeding assembly is used, the feed in the feeding trough 63-1 is weighed in real time, on one hand, the weighing sensor 63-2 presets a minimum value, when the feed amount in the feeding trough is lower than the minimum value, information is fed back to the control center, and then accurate feeding is carried out under appropriate conditions, so that the surplus feed in the feeding trough 63-2 is prevented from being accumulated, and further the feed is prevented from being wasted, on the other hand, the feeding precision of two corresponding accurate feeding pieces 61-2 can be checked, when the total amount of the feed monitored by the feeding assembly does not meet the optimal feed amount of the pigs, a signal is fed back to the control center, the accurate feeding pieces 61-2 are controlled to continue to feed with the corresponding amount difference, and the situation that the empty feeding area of the accurate feeding pieces 61-2 causes the pigs to eat insufficiently is prevented, influence pig only develops, preferably, each daily ration carries out a small amount of single and the material is thrown to the average volume according to the proportion of food intake, preferably, the single material throwing volume sets up to 20g, when weighing sensor 63-2 monitors that the total amount of blanking in trough 63-2 exceeds its best food intake, even the pig only enters bearing frame 62-1 again and takes place the action of food intake and also can not continue to throw the material, prevent that the pig from only carrying out a small amount of food intake once and causing the fodder waste, weighing sensor is prior art, no longer redundantly here.
The special characteristics of the invention are that the feeding assembly 63 further comprises a support 63-3 which is fixedly arranged, the trough 63-1 and the weighing sensor 63-2 are both arranged on the support 63-3, the trough 63-1 and the weighing sensor 63-2 can be protected, and the situation that the pig only displaces the trough 63-1 and/or damages the sensor 63-2 is prevented.
The invention is particularly characterized in that the trigger separation assembly 62 further comprises a shielding plate 62-3 which is arranged on the bearing frame 62-1 and used for shielding the adjacent second radio frequency identification devices 62-2 to prevent the pigs from entering one of the bearing frames 62-1 to be fed when the pigs are eaten and causing feed waste, preferably, a plurality of accurate feeding devices 6 are arranged in line and sequentially, an electronic mark is set to adopt a working frequency of 134.2KHz, the second radio frequency identification devices 62-2 are set to have a reading range of about 30-50cm, the shielding plate 62-3 comprises a steel plate with round holes, the corresponding second radio frequency identification devices 62-2 are isolated and fixed with the steel plate through plastic plates which are parallel to the steel plate, preferably, the thickness of the plastic plate is set to be about 4cm, the two adjacent accurate feeding devices 6 are positioned at two sides of the steel plate, the back of the second rfid 62-2 is prevented from recognizing a pig entering an adjacent precision feeder.
A precision feeding method of a fattening pig individual according to a precision feeding system of the fattening pig individual comprises the following steps:
step S1: each pig of a pig group to be fattened wears an electronic tag containing identity information of the pig, the information is input into a control center, the pig is put into a drinking area 1, and marketing selling standards are set in the control center;
step S2: the pigs to be fed only leave the drinking area 1 and enter the fence scales 4, the fence scales 4 collect weight information of the pigs to the control center, the control center updates the weight information in the electronic mark worn by the control center, and if the weight of the pigs does not reach the fence selling standard, the control center controls the second fence door to be opened to guide the pigs to enter the feeding area 2; when the pig approaches or passes through the second gate, the first radio frequency identifier reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center, and the control center calculates the optimal feed intake and feed intake proportion suitable for the pig by combining the identity information of the pig;
step S3: when the pigs are close to any one precise feeding device 6, the corresponding second frequency modulation recognizer 62-2 recognizes and reads the electronic mark worn on the pigs and transmits information to the control center, and the control center controls the precise feeding device 6 to feed according to the optimal feed intake and feed intake proportion;
step S4: after the feeding of the pigs is finished, the pigs return to the drinking area 1 for drinking and/or rest through the one-way door 5;
step S5: and (4) repeating the steps S02 to S04 until the weight collected by the column scale 4 reaches the column selling standard when the pigs only enter the column scale 4, and controlling the first column door to be opened by the control center to guide the pigs to enter the selling area 3 for column selling.
Wherein, step S3 includes the following steps:
step S301: when the pig is close to any precise feeding device 6, the second frequency modulation identifier 62-2 identifies and reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center; meanwhile, the weighing sensor 63-2 transmits the feed information in the corresponding trough 63-1 to the control center;
step S302: when the feed excess in the trough 63-1 is insufficient and the total feeding amount of the pigs in the feeding process (one feeding process from the feeding area to the drinking area) does not exceed the optimal feeding amount, the control center transmits a signal to the control part to control the corresponding accurate feeding part 61-2 to feed the pigs into the trough 63-1 according to the feeding proportion.
Wherein, step S302 includes the following steps:
step S30201: when the feed excess in the trough 63-1 is insufficient and the total feeding amount for the pig in the feeding process does not exceed the optimal feeding amount, the control center transmits a signal to the control part to control the corresponding accurate feeding part 61-2 to feed the feed in the trough 63-1 in a small amount and uniformly at a single time according to the feeding proportion;
step S30202: repeating the step S30201 until the total feed amount fed to the pig exceeds the optimal feed intake amount in the feeding process; or the pigs give up eating in the accurate feeding device 6, and the steps S301 and S30201 are repeated until the total feeding amount of the pigs exceeds the optimal feeding amount in the process of the ingestion.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The individual precise feeding system for the fattening pigs is characterized by comprising a drinking area (1), a feeding area (2) and a selling area (3) which are mutually independent, a fence balance (4) with an input end communicated with the drinking area (1) and comprising a first fence door communicated with the selling area (3) and a second fence door communicated with the feeding area (2), a first radio frequency identifier arranged at the second fence door, a plurality of precise feeding devices (6) which are arranged between the drinking area (1) and the feeding area (2) and from the feeding area (2) to the drinking area (1), a one-way door (5) arranged in the feeding area (2), mutually separated and shielded, respectively communicated with a stockline system and respectively provided with second frequency modulation identifiers (62-2), and a plurality of precise feeding devices (6) which are respectively arranged with the fence balance (4), The first radio frequency identifier, a plurality of control centers electrically connected with the accurate feeding devices (6), and electronic signs worn on each fattening pig and respectively matched with the first radio frequency identifier and the second frequency modulation identifier (62-2).
2. The finishing pig individual precision feeding system according to claim 1, wherein the stockline system comprises a first stockline (7-1) in communication with a first stocktower (71) containing a high cost highly digestible amino acid ration and a second stockline (7-2) in communication with a second stocktower (72) containing a low cost low nutrient level ration.
3. Finishing pig individual precise feeding system according to claim 2, characterized in that the precise feeding device (6) comprises:
the trigger separation assembly (62) comprises a bearing frame (62-1) with the lower end part capable of accommodating a single pig and a second radio frequency identifier (62-2) which is arranged at the entrance of the bearing frame (62-1) and matched with the electronic mark;
the feeding assembly (63) is positioned in a space accommodated by the lower end part of the bearing frame (62-1);
the material guiding assembly (61) comprises two material cylinders (61-1) which are arranged at the top of the bearing frame (62-1) and the input ends of which are respectively communicated with the first material line (7-1) and the second material line (7-2), a material guiding cylinder (61-3) which is arranged between the output ends of the two material cylinders (61-1) and the input end of the ingestion assembly (63), and a precise material feeding part (61-2) which is arranged between the output end of each material cylinder (61-1) and the input end of the material guiding cylinder (61-3) and the control part of which is positioned in a control box (61-4); the control part of the accurate feeding part (61-2) is electrically connected with the control center.
4. The fattening pig individual precise feeding system according to claim 3, wherein the precise feeding member (61-2) is provided as a feeding auger.
5. Finishing pig individual precise feeding system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the feeding assembly (63) comprises a feeding trough (63-1) and a weighing sensor (63-2) electrically connected to the control center for weighing the feed in the feeding trough (63-1).
6. The fattening pig individual precise feeding system according to claim 5, wherein the feeding assembly (63) further comprises a fixedly arranged bracket (63-3), and the trough (63-1) and the weighing sensor (63-2) are both arranged on the bracket (63-3).
7. Finishing pig individual precise feeding system according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that the trigger partition assembly (62) further comprises a shielding plate (62-3) arranged on the carrier (62-1) for shielding the adjacent second radio frequency identifier (62-2).
8. A method for accurately feeding a finishing pig individual according to the accurate feeding system for the finishing pig individual of any one of claims 3-7, which comprises the following steps:
step S1: each pig of a to-be-fattened pig group is only worn with the electronic tag including the identity information of the pig, the information is input into the control center and is put into the drinking area (1), and a marketing selling standard is set in the control center;
step S2: the pigs to be fed only leave the drinking area (1) to enter and only can enter the column-dividing scale (4), the column-dividing scale (4) collects weight information of the pigs to the control center, the control center updates the weight information in the electronic mark worn by the control center, and if the weight of the pigs does not reach the column-out selling standard, the control center controls the second column-dividing door to be opened, so that the pigs are guided to enter the feeding area (2); when the pig approaches or passes through the second gate, the first radio frequency identifier reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center, and the control center calculates the optimal feed intake and feed intake proportion suitable for the pig by combining the identity information of the pig;
step S3: when the pigs are close to any one precise feeding device (6), the corresponding second frequency modulation identifier (62-2) reads the electronic mark worn on the pigs and transmits information to the control center, and the control center controls the precise feeding device (6) to feed according to the optimal feed intake and the feed intake ratio;
step S4: after the pigs finish feeding, the pigs return to the drinking area (1) for drinking and/or rest only through the one-way door (5);
step S5: and repeating the steps S02 to S04 until the weight collected by the compartment scale (4) reaches the marketing selling standard when the pigs only enter the compartment scale (4), and controlling the first compartment door to be opened by the control center to guide the pigs to enter the selling area (3) for marketing selling.
9. The method for feeding finishing pig individuals according to claim 8, wherein the step S3 comprises the following steps:
step S301: when the pig is close to any one precise feeding device (6), the second frequency modulation identifier (62-2) reads the electronic mark worn on the pig body and transmits information to the control center; meanwhile, the weighing sensor (63-2) transmits the corresponding feed information in the trough (63-1) to the control center;
step S302: when the feed excess in the trough (63-1) is insufficient and the total feed amount fed to the pig in the feeding process does not exceed the optimal feed intake, the control center transmits a signal to the control part to control the corresponding accurate feed feeding part (61-2) to feed into the trough (63-1) according to the feed intake proportion.
10. The method for accurately feeding finishing pig individuals according to claim 9, wherein the step S302 comprises the following steps:
step S30201: when the feed excess in the trough (63-1) is insufficient and the total feed feeding amount for the pig in the current feeding process does not exceed the optimal feed intake, the control center transmits a signal to the control part to control the corresponding accurate feed feeding part (61-2) to feed the feed in the trough (63-1) in a small amount and uniformly at a time according to the feed intake proportion;
step S30202: repeating the step S30201 until the total feed amount fed to the pig exceeds the optimal feed intake amount in the current feed intake process; or the pigs give up eating in the accurate feeding device (6), and the steps S301 and S30201 are repeated until the total feeding amount of the pigs exceeds the optimal feeding amount in the feeding process.
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Application publication date: 20220329 |