CN114245556A - Arc radiation characteristic measuring system and method for arc plasma generator - Google Patents
Arc radiation characteristic measuring system and method for arc plasma generator Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/0006—Investigating plasma, e.g. measuring the degree of ionisation or the electron temperature
- H05H1/0012—Investigating plasma, e.g. measuring the degree of ionisation or the electron temperature using electromagnetic or particle radiation, e.g. interferometry
- H05H1/0037—Investigating plasma, e.g. measuring the degree of ionisation or the electron temperature using electromagnetic or particle radiation, e.g. interferometry by spectrometry
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for measuring arc radiation characteristics of an arc plasma generator. The measuring system comprises a front electrode, a rear electrode, a cyclone device, an optical measuring sheet, a radiation collecting lens, a spectrometer and a data collecting terminal, wherein the cyclone device is used for introducing a cold-state test medium between the front electrode and the rear electrode, the front electrode and the rear electrode are subjected to breakdown discharge to generate a thermal arc so as to heat the cold-state test medium and generate an arc plasma, the optical measuring sheet and the radiation collecting lens are respectively used for collecting the arc plasma radiation luminescence at the positions of the front electrode and the rear electrode and transmitting the arc plasma radiation luminescence to the spectrometer through multimode optical fibers, and the data collecting terminal is connected with the spectrometer and outputs arc radiation spectrum information with discrete wavelengths. The measuring system and the method can effectively measure the radiation characteristics of the arc plasma in the arc plasma generator on line in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft ground aerodynamic thermal test research, in particular to a system and a method for measuring arc radiation characteristics of an arc plasma generator.
Background
The arc plasma generator generates thermal arc through breakdown discharge, can simulate high-temperature environment of tens of thousands of K, and has important application in the aspects of plasma waste treatment and plasma heat treatment. The high-power electric arc heater can generate a high-temperature and high-pressure thermal environment, and is widely applied to the research of the ground test of the heat protection of the reentry of high-speed aircrafts and spacecrafts at present.
With the pursuit of the spacecraft for higher flying speed, the requirements of the arc heater on simulated thermal environment (enthalpy value, heat flow, pressure) and the like are higher and higher, and the requirements on the capacity of the arc heater are also higher and higher. In the past, the experimental research on the high-power arc heater mainly aims at macroscopic operation parameters (voltage, current and pressure) of the arc heater, and the research is carried out by adopting conventional pressure, voltage and current sensors, so that the research on the characteristics of the air flow in the arc heater is lacked. Meanwhile, for the radiation characteristic of high-temperature airflow inside a high-power (hundreds of kilowatts to megawatts) arc heater applied to engineering research, the result of the characteristic of arc plasma inside the arc heater cannot be effectively obtained due to the limitation of the radiation characteristic to the severe thermal environment, and thus, a basis is provided for the optimization of airflow parameters and the arc heater.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an arc plasma generator arc radiation characteristic measuring system and method, which can effectively measure the arc plasma radiation characteristic inside an arc plasma generator on line in real time.
The invention provides an arc radiation characteristic measuring system of an arc plasma generator, which comprises a front electrode, a rear electrode, a cyclone device, an optical measuring sheet, a radiation collecting lens, a spectrometer and a data collecting terminal, wherein the cyclone device is used for introducing a cold test medium between the front electrode and the rear electrode, the front electrode and the rear electrode are subjected to breakdown discharge to generate a thermal arc so as to heat the cold test medium and generate arc plasma, the optical measuring sheet and the radiation collecting lens are respectively used for collecting arc plasma radiation luminescence at the positions of the front electrode and the rear electrode and transmitting the arc plasma radiation luminescence to the spectrometer through a multimode optical fiber, and the data collecting terminal is connected with the spectrometer and outputs arc radiation spectrum information with discrete wavelengths.
According to the arc radiation characteristic measuring system and method for the arc plasma generator, the focusing position of the optical system is changed, so that the radiation characteristics of the arc heater at different axial positions from the rear electrode to the front electrode can be collected, and the gas radiation characteristics in spatial distribution can be further obtained.
Furthermore, the rear electrode is insulated and coaxially arranged at the rear end of the front electrode, an optical window is arranged at the rear end of the rear electrode, and the cyclone device is arranged on the rear electrode in a manner of being close to the optical window.
Further, the air inlet direction of the cyclone device is tangential; the air inlet quantity of the cyclone device is 4-8; the tangential air inlet angle of the cyclone device is 45-90 degrees. The cyclone device ensures that airflow completely and uniformly covers the optical window as far as possible through tangential air inlet, and adopts a cyclone cooling mode to protect the optical window to stably, effectively and work for a long time when the electric arc works.
Further, an optical measuring sheet is provided at the front end of the front electrode; the radiation collecting lens is disposed outside the rear end of the rear electrode.
Further, the radiation collection lens is formed by combining a lens, a filter and a slit; wherein the focal length of the lens is 0.3-2 m; the transmission wavelength of the optical filter is 200-1000nm, and the transmission rate is 0.1-0.9; the diameter of the slit is 0.3-10 mm. Through the combination of the lenses with different focal lengths and the slits with different apertures, the radiation collection at different positions and different collection areas can be realized.
Furthermore, the optical measuring sheet is formed by combining a red copper sheet, a lens and an optical flat sheet; wherein, the lens of the optical flat sheet adopts quartz and CaF2Or a sapphire lens; the focal length of the lens is 20-40 mm.
Specifically, an optical measuring channel is arranged in the middle of the optical measuring sheet; independent cooling circulation water channels are arranged on two sides and are composed of a water inlet hole, a cooling water channel and a water outlet hole, so that a strong water cooling effect is guaranteed, and the optical measuring piece can work stably for a long time.
Further, the optical window adopts a quartz flat sheet or a sapphire flat sheet.
Further, the spectrometer is an echelle spectrometer; the working wavelength band of the spectrometer is 200-1000nm, and the spectral resolution is 20-50 pm.
Furthermore, the multimode optical fiber is an ultraviolet enhanced optical fiber; the core diameter of the multimode optical fiber is 0.4-1 mm.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the arc radiation characteristic of the arc plasma generator, and the arc radiation characteristic measuring system of the arc plasma generator is adopted to measure the arc radiation characteristic.
The implementation of the invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the system and the method for measuring the arc radiation characteristics of the arc plasma generator can realize the online real-time measurement of the plasma radiation characteristics in the arc heater with high power of hundreds of kilowatts to megawatts;
2. the system and the method for measuring the arc radiation characteristics of the arc plasma generator can realize the space resolution measurement of the gas radiation characteristics of different positions of the front electrode and the rear electrode of the arc plasma generator;
3. the system and the method for measuring the arc radiation characteristics of the arc plasma generator can realize long-time online measurement, and the measurement time can reach the order of thousands of seconds.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an arc radiation characteristic measurement system of an arc plasma generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cyclone device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical measurement sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the CO content of the rear electrode of a 300kW tubular arc heater in example 2 of the present invention2Dielectric arc plasma radiation spectral characteristics;
FIG. 5 shows CO in the front electrode arc chamber of a 300kW tubular arc heater in example 2 of the present invention2Dielectric arc plasma radiation spectral characteristics;
FIG. 6 shows a 300kW tubular arc heater CO in example 2 of the present invention2The change of the spectral intensity of the arc plasma Cu radiation along with time;
FIG. 7 shows a 300kW tubular arc heater CO in example 2 of the present invention2The intensity of the arc plasma O-radiation spectrum varies with time.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a front electrode; 2: a back electrode; 3: a cyclonic device; 4: an optical window; 5: a radiation collection lens; 6: a multimode optical fiber; 7: a spectrometer; 8: a data acquisition terminal; 9: an optical measurement sheet.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and further, it is understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the arc radiation characteristic measurement system of the arc plasma generator in this embodiment includes a front electrode 1, a rear electrode 2, a cyclone device 3, an optical measurement sheet 9, a radiation collection lens 5, a spectrometer 7, and a data acquisition terminal 8, where the cyclone device 3 is used to introduce a cold test medium between the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2, the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 are broken down to discharge to generate a thermal arc to heat the cold test medium and generate an arc plasma, the optical measurement sheet 9 and the radiation collection lens 5 are respectively used to collect arc plasma radiation luminescence at the positions of the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 and transmit the arc plasma radiation luminescence to the spectrometer 7 through a multimode fiber 6, and the data acquisition terminal 8 is connected to the spectrometer 7 and outputs arc radiation spectrum information with discrete wavelengths.
In the embodiment, the front electrode 1 is an anode, the rear electrode 2 is a cathode, and the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 can breakdown to discharge to generate a thermal arc; the specific structure of the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 is not strictly limited, and a conventional tube electrode may be used.
Specifically, the rear electrode 2 may be insulated and coaxially disposed at the rear end of the front electrode 1, an optical window 4 is disposed at the rear end of the rear electrode 2, and the optical window 4 may be a quartz flat sheet or a sapphire flat sheet; the cyclonic device 3 is arranged on the rear electrode 2 in close proximity to the optical window 4.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the air intake direction of the cyclone device 3 may be set to be tangential; the number of the air inlets of the cyclone device 3 can be 4-8, and a plurality of air inlets can be uniformly distributed on the circumference of the rear electrode 2; when the radial direction of the rear electrode 2 is set to 0 °, the tangential air intake angle of the cyclone device 3 may be set to 45 ° to 90 °. The cyclone device 3 ensures that airflow completely and uniformly covers the optical window as far as possible through tangential air inlet, and adopts a cyclone cooling mode to protect the optical window 4 to stably, effectively and work for a long time when the electric arc works.
The optical measuring sheet 9 and the radiation collecting lens 5 are respectively used for collecting the arc plasma radiation luminescence at the positions of the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2, the structure and the arrangement mode of the arc plasma radiation luminescence are not strictly limited, and the arc plasma radiation luminescence can be reasonably arranged according to actual detection requirements. Specifically, the optical measuring sheet 9 may be disposed at the front end of the front electrode 1; the radiation collecting lens 5 may be arranged outside the rear end of the rear electrode 2, i.e. outside the optical window 4.
In the present embodiment, the radiation collection lens 5 may be formed by a combination of lenses, filters, and slits; wherein the focal length of the lens is 0.3-2 m; the transmission wavelength of the optical filter is 200-1000nm, and the transmission rate is 0.1-0.9; the diameter of the slit is 0.3-10 mm. Through the combination of the lenses with different focal lengths and the slits with different apertures, the radiation collection at different positions and different collection areas can be realized.
The optical measuring sheet 9 can be formed by combining a red copper sheet, a lens and an optical flat sheet; wherein, the lens of the optical flat sheet adopts quartz and CaF2Or a sapphire lens; the focal length of the lens is 20-40 mm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, an optical measurement channel is arranged in the middle of the optical measurement sheet 9; independent cooling circulation water channels are arranged on two sides and are composed of a water inlet hole, a cooling water channel and a water outlet hole, so that a strong water cooling effect is guaranteed, and the optical measuring piece 9 can work stably for a long time.
In this embodiment, the spectrometer 7 may be a echelle spectrometer; the operating band of the spectrometer 7 can be 200-1000nm, and the spectral resolution can be 20-50 pm.
Furthermore, the multimode optical fiber 6 may be an ultraviolet-enhanced optical fiber; the core diameter of the multimode optical fibre 6 may be 0.4-1 mm.
The arc radiation characteristic measuring system of the arc plasma generator of the embodiment utilizes the cyclone device 3 to introduce cold test medium between the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2, and the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 are broken down to discharge to generate a hot arc so as to heat the cold test medium and generate arc plasma. The arc plasma radiation luminescence at the front electrode 1 position and the rear electrode 2 position are respectively collected by the optical measuring sheet 9 and the radiation collecting lens 5, transmitted to the spectrometer 7 through the multimode optical fiber 6, and subjected to light splitting processing, and the radiation spectrum information with separate wavelengths can be obtained at the data acquisition terminal 8. The arc radiation characteristic measuring system of the arc plasma generator can effectively obtain the result of the arc plasma characteristic in the high-power arc heater, and further provides a basis for optimizing air flow parameters and the arc heater.
Example 2
The method for measuring arc radiation characteristics of the arc plasma generator in the embodiment is performed by using the system for measuring arc radiation characteristics of the arc plasma generator in the embodiment 1, and the measuring system adopts a 300kW tubular arc heater. The specific measurement method is as follows:
the cyclone device 3 is used for introducing cold test media between the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2, the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 are subjected to breakdown discharge to generate a hot arc, and the hot arc heats the cold test media to generate arc plasma. The arc plasma radiation luminescence at the position of the rear electrode 2 is collected by the radiation collecting lens 5 through the optical window 4, transmitted to the spectrometer 7 through the multimode optical fiber 6, and subjected to light splitting processing, so that radiation spectrum information with discrete wavelengths can be obtained at the data acquisition terminal 8. The arc plasma radiation luminescence at the position of the front electrode 1 is collected at the optical measuring sheet 9, transmitted to the spectrometer 7 through the multimode optical fiber 6, and subjected to light splitting processing, and radiation spectrum information with separated wavelengths can be obtained at the data acquisition terminal 8.
FIGS. 4 and 5 show the CO in the arc chambers of the rear electrode 2 and the front electrode 1 of the 300kW tubular arc heater respectively2Dielectric arc plasma radiation spectral characteristics; FIGS. 6 and 7 show a 300kW tube type arc heater CO2The spectral intensity of the typical component radiation of an arc plasma varies with time.
The results show that: the measuring system and the method can realize the online real-time measurement of the radiation characteristic of the plasma in the high-power arc heater, and can realize the space resolution measurement of the radiation characteristic of the gas at different positions of the front electrode 1 and the rear electrode 2 of the arc plasma generator, the online measurement time is long, and the measurement time can reach the order of thousands of seconds.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an arc plasma generator arc radiation characteristic measurement system, its characterized in that includes front electrode, back electrode, cyclone device, optical measurement piece, radiation collecting lens, spectrum appearance and data acquisition terminal, the cyclone device is used for letting in cold test medium between front electrode and back electrode, front electrode and back electrode breakdown discharge produce the heating arc in order to heat cold test medium and produce arc plasma, optical measurement piece and radiation collecting lens are used for collecting arc plasma radiation luminescence and transmit to the spectrum appearance through multimode fiber in front electrode position department and back electrode position department respectively, data acquisition terminal is connected with the spectrum appearance and outputs the arc radiation spectrum information that the wavelength is discrete.
2. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characterization measurement system of claim 1 wherein the rear electrode is insulated and coaxially disposed at a rear end of the front electrode, an optical window is disposed at a rear end of the rear electrode, and the cyclone device is disposed on the rear electrode in close proximity to the optical window.
3. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characterization measurement system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the air intake direction of the cyclone device is tangential; the air inlet quantity of the cyclone device is 4-8; the tangential air inlet angle of the cyclone device is 45-90 degrees.
4. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characteristic measurement system of claim 1, wherein the optical measurement piece is disposed at a front end of the front electrode; the radiation collecting lens is disposed outside the rear end of the rear electrode.
5. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characterization measurement system of claim 1 or 4, wherein the radiation collection lens is formed by a combination of lenses, filters and slits; wherein the focal length of the lens is 0.3-2 m; the transmission wavelength of the optical filter is 200-1000nm, and the transmission rate is 0.1-0.9; the diameter of the slit is 0.3-10 mm.
6. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characteristic measuring system of claim 1 or 4, wherein the optical measuring piece is formed by combining a copper sheet, a lens and an optical flat sheet; wherein, the lens of the optical flat sheet adopts quartz and CaF2Or a sapphire lens; the focal length of the lens is 20-40 mm.
7. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characterization measurement system of claim 2 wherein the optical window is a quartz plate or a sapphire plate.
8. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characteristic measurement system of claim 1, wherein the spectrometer is an echelle spectrometer; the working wavelength band of the spectrometer is 200-1000nm, and the spectral resolution is 20-50 pm.
9. The arc plasma generator arc radiation characterization measurement system of claim 1, wherein the multimode optical fiber is an ultraviolet-enhanced optical fiber; the core diameter of the multimode optical fiber is 0.4-1 mm.
10. A method for measuring arc radiation characteristics of an arc plasma generator, wherein the arc radiation characteristics are measured by using the arc plasma generator arc radiation characteristics measuring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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