Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that when a patient in a hospital processes sputum, the existing patient generally goes into a garbage can to cause the spread of fungi everywhere, so that the spread of various diseases is caused.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for treating sputum, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a mixing kettle, a centrifuge, an oven and a weighing instrument;
s2: adding trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol into a mixing kettle, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing a treatment solution;
s3: adding a fluorescent whitening agent, a permeation enhancer, a humectant and a background compound dye into a mixing kettle, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing a dyeing liquid;
s4: placing the sputum sample into the treatment fluid according to different proportions, centrifuging the sputum sample by a centrifuge,
s5: and (3) dripping the centrifuged sample on a glass slide, drying by a dryer, adding staining solution, covering the stained solution with a cover fragment, and observing by using a microscope.
Preferably, trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol are quantified by a weighing instrument in the step S2, and 10-15 parts of trypsin, 7-10 parts of KOH, 5-7 parts of sodium chloride and 5-6 parts of ethanol are stirred for 5 minutes by a mixing kettle.
Preferably, in the step S2, a weighing instrument is used for quantifying fluorescent brightening agent, penetration enhancer, humectant and background counterstain, wherein 8-10 parts of fluorescent brightening agent, 5-7 parts of penetration enhancer, 3-5 parts of humectant and 2-3 parts of background counterstain are stirred for 3 minutes by a mixing kettle.
Preferably, in the step S4, the sputum is placed in the treatment solution and treated with a centrifuge.
Preferably, the treatment solutions of the sputum with different concentrations in the step S5 are respectively placed on a glass slide, dried by a dryer, treated for 2 minutes by a staining solution, and then respectively microscopic observed by a microscope.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the mixing kettle is 150 revolutions per minute, and a timer is arranged on the mixing kettle.
Preferably, the trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol are purified by filtration prior to use.
Preferably, the sputum is placed in equal parts with the treatment fluid according to the ratio of 1/5, 1/10 and 1/20.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the scheme, the processing liquid is prepared according to a certain proportion, and the sputum sample is digested, so that the biological infectivity of the sputum sample is reduced after digestion, and the detection rate of fungi can be improved;
(2) The fluorescent staining solution is used for detecting fungi, so that the operation is simple, the time consumption is short, the detection rate is high, and the current clinical use is less.
The invention has simple operation, can reduce the biological infectivity of the sputum sample, can improve the detection rate of fungi and is convenient for people to use.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in this embodiment will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this embodiment, but not all embodiments.
Example 1
A method for treating sputum, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a mixing kettle, a centrifuge, an oven and a weighing instrument;
s2: adding trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol into a mixing kettle, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing a treatment solution;
s3: adding a fluorescent whitening agent, a permeation enhancer, a humectant and a background compound dye into a mixing kettle, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing a dyeing liquid;
s4: placing the sputum sample into the treatment fluid according to different proportions, and carrying out centrifugal treatment by a centrifugal machine;
s5: and (3) dripping the centrifuged sample on a glass slide, drying by a dryer, adding staining solution, covering the stained solution with a cover fragment, and observing by using a microscope.
In the embodiment, trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol are quantified by a weighing instrument in S2, and 10-15 parts of trypsin, 7-10 parts of KOH, 5-7 parts of sodium chloride and 5-6 parts of ethanol are stirred for 5 minutes by a mixing kettle.
In the embodiment, the fluorescent whitening agent, the penetration enhancer, the humectant and the background counterstain are quantified by a weighing instrument in the step S2, wherein 8-10 parts of the fluorescent whitening agent, 5-7 parts of the penetration enhancer, 3-5 parts of the humectant and 2-3 parts of the background counterstain are stirred for 3 minutes by a mixing kettle.
In this example, in S4, the sputum is placed in the treatment liquid and treated with a centrifuge.
In this embodiment, the treatment solutions of the sputum with different concentrations in S5 are respectively placed on a glass slide, dried by a dryer, treated for 2 minutes by a staining solution, and then respectively microscopic observed by a microscope.
In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the mixing kettle is 150 rpm, and a timer is provided on the mixing kettle.
In this example, trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol were all purified by filtration prior to use.
In this example, the sputum was placed in equal portions with the treatment fluid at 1/5, 1/10 and 1/20 ratios, respectively.
Example two
A method for treating sputum, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a mixing kettle, a centrifuge, an oven and a weighing instrument;
s2: adding trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol into a mixing kettle, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing a treatment solution;
s3: adding a fluorescent whitening agent, a permeation enhancer, a humectant and a background compound dye into a mixing kettle, mixing and stirring uniformly, and preparing a dyeing liquid;
s4: placing the sputum sample into the treatment fluid according to different proportions, centrifuging the sputum sample by a centrifuge,
s5: and (3) dripping the centrifuged sample on a glass slide, drying by a dryer, adding staining solution, covering the stained solution with a cover fragment, and observing by using a microscope.
In this embodiment, in the step S2, trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol are quantified by a weighing instrument, 10-15 parts of trypsin, 7-10 parts of KOH, 5-7 parts of sodium chloride and 5-6 parts of ethanol are stirred for 5 minutes by a mixing kettle, and different treatment solutions can be obtained by materials with different specific gravities, so that the purpose of optimal eliminating phlegm solution can be obtained through experiments.
In this embodiment, in the step S2, a weighing instrument is used to quantify the fluorescent whitening agent, the permeation enhancer, the humectant and the background counterstain, wherein 8-10 parts of the fluorescent whitening agent, 5-7 parts of the permeation enhancer, 3-5 parts of the humectant and 2-3 parts of the background counterstain are stirred for 3 minutes by a mixing kettle, and different staining solutions can be obtained by materials with different specific gravities, so that observation is more obvious when the treated sputum is stained.
In this embodiment, in the step S4, the sputum is placed in the treatment solution, and treated with a centrifuge, and the supernatant is removed from the centrifuged sample, and about 1mL of the bottom solution is left for use, so that the detection is more accurate.
In this embodiment, the treatment solutions of the sputum with different concentrations in S5 are respectively placed on a glass slide, dried by a dryer, treated for 2 minutes by a staining solution, then respectively microscopically observed, and firstly stained by the staining solution, and then observed and detected by a microscope.
In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the mixing kettle is 150 rpm, and a timer is provided on the mixing kettle, and the mixing kettle is clocked by the timer when stirring.
In this example, trypsin, KOH, sodium chloride and ethanol are all purified by filtration before use, so that sputum is more thoroughly treated.
In this embodiment, the sputum is placed in equal parts with the treatment fluid according to the ratio of 1/5, 1/10 and 1/20, so that the treatment effect at different treatment concentrations can be observed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will be able to apply equally to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, within the scope of the present invention.