CN1142347A - 计算机层折x射线摄影机 - Google Patents

计算机层折x射线摄影机 Download PDF

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CN1142347A
CN1142347A CN96102815.7A CN96102815A CN1142347A CN 1142347 A CN1142347 A CN 1142347A CN 96102815 A CN96102815 A CN 96102815A CN 1142347 A CN1142347 A CN 1142347A
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埃里克·赫尔
曼弗雷德·富克斯
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B6/4028—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving movement of the focal spot resulting in acquisition of views from substantially different positions, e.g. EBCT
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    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
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Abstract

一种电子束——计算机层析X射线摄影机，它有一个由电子束(2)扫描的环形屏极(1)，其中在联机操作时可以在环形屏极(1)不同的地方测量电子束(2)中的强度分布。环形屏极(1)具有多个绝缘的部分屏极(11、12、13)，用于测量在电子束(2)中的强度分布并因而电荷分布的测量设备(14)与它们相连，通过测量设备(14)可以在扫过两个部分屏极(11、12、13)之间的分离点时测得电荷分布。

Description

计算机层析X射线摄影机
本发明涉及一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，在这种计算机层析X射线摄影术(CT)中，借助于X射线取得物体内部的剖面图，X射线横贯过物体并紧接着记录在一个检测系统中。为了显示活动的器官(例如心脏)，用于剖面图的测量时间必须明显的低于100毫秒。采用电子束-层析X射线摄影术(EBT)可以达到短的扫描时间(50毫秒)。
已知一种电子束-层析X射线摄影机，它设有环形屏极，它被一个电子束扫描以产生转动的X射线束，电子束是由电子枪产生的。在这种情况下，要求沿环形屏极的所有位置上，电子束强度相同。
本发明的目的是改进所述类型的计算机层析X射线摄影机，使之能联机测量环形屏极规定位置上的电子束强度，尤其是强度分布。
为达到上述目的按本发明通过提供一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，它有一个围绕着测量场地的环形的X射线源，其中设有一个环形屏极，由电子枪产生的电子束扫描环形屏极，以产生一个转动的X射线束，其中，环形屏极具有多个绝缘的部分屏极，一个用于测量在电子束中电荷分布的测量设备与它们相连，通过测量设备可以在扫过两个部分屏极之间的分离点时测得电荷分布。另一种可供选用的方案是提供另一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，其同样具有一个围绕着测量场地的环形的X射线源，其中设有一个环形屏极，由电子枪产生的电子束扫描环形屏极，以产生一个转动的X射线束，其中，在环形屏极上方与之相隔一定距离并绝缘地绷紧有一根之字形走向的测量线，它与一个用于测量电子束中电荷分布的测量设备相连，通过此测量设备可以在扫过测量线时测得电荷分布。
下面借助于附图进一步说明本发明，附图中：
图1所示为用于阐明发明思想的电子束-层析X射线摄影机主要部分；
图2至5所示为在按本发明的计算机层析X射线摄影机中为测量电子束中强度分布所设部件的各种实施形式。
图1部分示出了具有环形屏极1的计算机层析X射线摄影机的X射线源。由电子枪3产生的电子束2扫描环形屏极1。环形结构的磁性装置4导引电子束成圆形，并使之偏转到环形屏极1上(撞击)。X射线束5从当时的焦点(电子束2在环形屏极1上的撞击点)出发，以已知的方式呈扇形地集于焦点，并绕系统的轴线6转动。X射线束5射在环形的射线检测器7上，它根据所接收到的射线强度，产生相应的电信号，并输入计算机，计算机据此生成安置在测量场地8中的病人的图象。为了使X射线束5从一个真空管出来时能够通过射线检测器7，将此射线检测器7安排在出射窗的侧旁。
图2表示环形屏极1的一段。环形屏极1在一个绝缘材料支架10上的多个位置处有一些部分屏极11、12、13，它们沿环形屏极1的周向串联，并在它们上面连接有测量电子束2中电荷分布的设备，通过这一测量设备可以在扫过两个部分屏极11、12或12、13之间的分离点时测得电荷分布。为此，在图2所示的线路中设有示波器14，它在扫过分离点时指示出电子束2内部射线强度的分布情况。部件10至13当然也要与X射线源的外罩绝缘。
在图3表示的一种实施形式中，环形屏极1在其圆周的多个地方有两个互相啮合的部分屏极15、16，如图2所示的实施形式那样，部分屏极15、16互相邻接的边，倾斜于环形屏极1的圆周方向。部分屏极15、16相互之间以及与X射线源的外罩都是绝缘的。
图4所示实施形式与图3所示实施形式的区别在于，部分屏极17、18不象图3中那样是锯齿形的，而是蛇形曲线状、尤其是半圆形地啮合在一起。
在图5中示出，在环形屏极1上方与之相隔一定距离并绝缘地绷紧有一根之字形走向的测量线19，它与一个带示波器14用于测量电子束2中电荷分布的设备相连。在图5中所表示的测量线沿圆周分布在环形屏极1的多个地方。

Claims (7)

1、一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，它有一个围绕着测量场地(8)的环形的X射线源，其中设有一个环形屏极(1)，由电子枪(3)产生的电子束(2)扫描环形屏极(1)，以产生一个转动的X射线束(5)，其中，环形屏极(1)具有多个绝缘的部分屏极(11、12、13、15、16、17、18)，一个用于测量在电子束(2)中电荷分布的测量设备(14)与它们相连，通过测量设备(14)可以在扫过两个部分屏极(11、12、13、15、16、17、18)之间的分离点时测得电荷分布。
2、按权利要求1所述的计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，部分屏极(11、12、13)沿环形屏极(1)的周向串联。
3、按权利要求2所述的计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，部分屏极(11、12、13)彼此相邻的边倾斜于圆周方向。
4、按权利要求1所述的计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，环形屏极(1)具有两个互相啮合的部分屏极(15、16、17、18)。
5、按权利要求4所述的计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，部分屏极(15、16)成锯齿形啮合。
6、按权利要求4所述的计算机层析X射线摄影机，其中，部分屏极(17、18)成蛇形曲线状啮合。
7、一种计算机层析X射线摄影机，它有一个围绕着测量场地(8)的环形的X射线源，其中设有一个环形屏极(1)，由电子枪(3)产生的电子束(2)扫描环形屏极(1)，以产生一个转动的X射线束(5)，其中，在环形屏极(1)上方与之相隔一定距离并绝缘地绷紧有一根之字形走向的测量线(19)，它与一个用于测量电子束(2)中电荷分布的测量设备(14)相连，通过此测量设备(14)可以在扫过测量线(19)时测得电荷分布。
CN96102815A 1995-04-18 1996-04-11 计算机层析x射线摄影机 Expired - Fee Related CN1097446C (zh)

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