CN114231771A - High-performance aluminum alloy prepared from recycled aluminum and preparation method - Google Patents
High-performance aluminum alloy prepared from recycled aluminum and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910018657 Mn—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Ca] ZFXVRMSLJDYJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000882 Ca alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical group [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical group [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/066—Treatment of circulating aluminium, e.g. by filtration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance aluminum alloy prepared by using recycled aluminum and a preparation method thereof, and the method for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy by using the recycled aluminum comprises the following steps: melting and degassing the secondary aluminum to obtain an aluminum melt; then adding metal elements to be supplemented into the aluminum melt, and simultaneously adding an iron remover to obtain an alloy melt; heating the alloy melt to 870 ℃ and 920 ℃, then rapidly cooling to 650 ℃ and 680 ℃, and refining by using argon after slagging off and degassing; adding metal elements to be supplemented into the alloy melt in the refining process, and fully diffusing and absorbing to obtain a refined melt; adding a grain refiner into the refined melt, stirring for 1-2h, filtering by using a foamed ceramic filter plate, and putting the filtered refined melt into an ingot casting machine for ingot casting to prepare the aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and particularly belongs to a high-performance aluminum alloy prepared by using regenerated aluminum and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The consumption of the aluminum industry in China is steadily increased, and the light weight requirement brought by new energy greatly expands the aluminum consumption increase space. The supply side of the aluminum industry in China is reformed into setting an upper limit for the electrolytic aluminum capacity, the electrolytic aluminum capacity gradually approaches the upper limit at present, and an aluminum supply gap may appear in the future. But the aluminum has good recycling performance, the energy consumption of the secondary aluminum is only 5 percent of that of the primary aluminum, and only 0.5 ton of carbon dioxide emission is generated. According to domestic data, compared with the production of equivalent raw aluminum, the production of 1 ton of secondary aluminum is equivalent to the saving of 3.4 tons of standard coal, the saving of water by 14 cubic meters and the reduction of 20 tons of solid waste discharge. However, in the process of producing high-performance aluminum alloy by using the existing secondary aluminum, the content of partial metal elements cannot be effectively controlled, so that the performance of the processed aluminum alloy cannot meet the use requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-performance aluminum alloy prepared by using recycled aluminum and a preparation method thereof, overcomes the defects of the prior art, effectively reduces the iron content in the aluminum alloy, and improves the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy by using the secondary aluminum comprises the following steps:
s1, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 700-750 ℃, putting the secondary aluminum into the furnace for melting, and degassing after the secondary aluminum is completely melted to obtain an aluminum melt;
s2, sampling and analyzing the aluminum melt, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, adding the metal elements to be added into the aluminum melt, adding an iron remover, and performing sufficient diffusion and absorption to obtain an alloy melt;
s3, heating the alloy melt to 870-920 ℃, then introducing nitrogen into the furnace bottom to rapidly cool the alloy melt to 650-680 ℃, stirring for 30-50min under heat preservation, skimming slag, degassing, and refining by using argon;
s4, sampling and analyzing again in the refining process, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, adding the metal elements to be added into the alloy melt, and fully diffusing and absorbing to obtain a refined melt;
and S5, adding a grain refiner into the refined melt, stirring for 1-2 hours, filtering by using a foamed ceramic filter plate, and casting the filtered refined melt in a casting machine to obtain the aluminum alloy.
The iron removing agent is Ti-Mn-Al, and the weight percentage of each component in the Ti-Mn-Al is as follows: 2% of Mn, 4% of Al, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The grain refiner is Al-Mo-W-Ti, and the Al-Mo-W-Ti comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-15% of W, 20-30% of Mo, 45-60% of Al, 5-15% of Ti and the balance of inevitable impurities.
The prepared high-performance aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.5 to 2 percent of magnesium, 1.5 to 2 percent of copper, 0.08 to 1.2 percent of silicon, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of manganese, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of iron, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of titanium, 0.05 to 0.08 percent of molybdenum, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of tungsten, 0.01 to 0.02 percent of calcium, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. according to the invention, the iron remover is added into the aluminum melt, so that metal elements such as copper and magnesium supplemented in the aluminum melt can be effectively diffused into the aluminum melt, Mn in the magnesium-calcium alloy in the iron remover Ti-Mn-Al can be diffused into the aluminum melt, a formed lattice gap can adsorb iron atoms in the aluminum melt, and meanwhile, the radius of the iron atoms is slightly larger than that of the manganese atoms, so that the iron atoms are fixed by the crystal lattices of magnesium-calcium, and after cooling, the iron content in the alloy melt is greatly reduced by skimming, so that the extension performance of the aluminum alloy is improved;
2. according to the invention, Al-Mo-W-Ti is used as a grain refiner, so that the grains of the aluminum alloy are refined, and meanwhile, the defects of dislocation and the like formed by Mo, W and Ti effectively improve the hardness and strength of the alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The recycled aluminum used by the invention takes the recycled pop can as a raw material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing a waste aluminum raw material (recovered pop can) into particles of about 1cm, cleaning, drying, and sequentially carrying out air separation and magnetic separation to obtain waste aluminum particles; feeding the waste aluminum particles and a slag remover accounting for 2 wt% of the waste aluminum particles into a smelting furnace, heating to melt at 1000 ℃, and performing unidirectional stirring by using a stirring device at a stirring speed of 5 revolutions per minute, wherein the slag remover consists of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate in a mass ratio of 0.8: 0.8; rotating the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace; taking out the upper aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace in the aluminum liquid rotating process, then carrying out flowing impurity removal on the taken-out aluminum liquid in a pipeline, wherein the depth of the aluminum liquid in the pipeline is 20cm, the flow rate of the aluminum liquid in the pipeline is 3m/min, the length of the pipeline is 20m, the width of the pipeline is 20cm, the pipeline is divided into a high-temperature area, a medium-temperature area and a low-temperature area, the temperature of the high-temperature area is 900 ℃, the temperature of the medium-temperature area is 750 ℃, the temperature of the low-temperature area is 680 ℃, the upper aluminum liquid in the pipeline flows from the high-temperature area to the low-temperature area step by step, and the lengths of the high-temperature area, the medium-temperature area and the low-temperature area are respectively one third of the length of the pipeline; returning the aluminum liquid in the part 5cm away from the bottom of the pipeline in the pipeline to a smelting furnace; and (3) feeding the rest molten aluminum in the pipeline into an ingot casting machine to cast and mold to obtain the secondary aluminum, wherein the aluminum content in the secondary aluminum is 93.60 wt%, and the silicon content is 1.08 wt%.
Example 1
Raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 700 ℃, putting the secondary aluminum into the furnace for melting, and degassing after the secondary aluminum is completely melted to obtain an aluminum melt; sampling and analyzing the aluminum melt, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, then adding the metal elements to be supplemented into the aluminum melt, and simultaneously adding 7.5 wt% of iron removal agent Ti-Mn-Al powder (the weight percentage of each component in the Ti-Mn-Al is Mn 2%, Al 4%, the balance is Ti and inevitable impurities, and the particle size is 0.2-1.0um) into the aluminum melt to obtain the alloy melt through sufficient diffusion and absorption;
heating the alloy melt to 870 ℃, then introducing nitrogen into the furnace bottom to rapidly cool the alloy melt to 650 ℃, preserving heat and stirring for 30min, and refining by using argon after slagging off and degassing; sampling and analyzing again in the refining process, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, then adding metal elements to be added (copper-aluminum alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy or metal magnesium or metal copper and the like can be used) into the alloy melt, and fully diffusing and absorbing to obtain a refined melt; adding 0.2 wt% of grain refiner (the grain refiner is Al-Mo-W-Ti, the weight percentage of each component in the Al-Mo-W-Ti is W10%, Mo 20%, Al 45%, Ti 5%, and the balance is inevitable impurities), stirring for 1h, filtering by using a foamed ceramic filter plate, putting the filtered refined melt into an ingot casting machine, and casting to obtain the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-performance aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.68% of magnesium, 1.84% of copper, 0.09% of silicon, 0.28% of manganese, 1.31% of iron, 0.02% of titanium, 0.05% of molybdenum, 0.03% of tungsten, 0.01% of calcium, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities. Mechanical property tests are carried out on the high-performance aluminum alloy according to ISO6892-1-2009, the elongation is 12.3%, the hardness is 155HV, and the yield strength is 593 MPa.
Example 2
Raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 750 ℃, putting the secondary aluminum into the furnace for melting, and degassing after the secondary aluminum is completely melted to obtain an aluminum melt; sampling and analyzing the aluminum melt, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, then adding the metal elements to be supplemented into the aluminum melt, and simultaneously adding 8.0 wt% of iron removal agent Ti-Mn-Al powder (the weight percentage of each component in the Ti-Mn-Al is Mn 2%, Al 4%, the balance is Ti and inevitable impurities, and the particle size is 0.2-1.0um) into the aluminum melt to obtain the alloy melt through sufficient diffusion and absorption;
heating the alloy melt to 920 ℃, then introducing nitrogen into the furnace bottom to rapidly cool the alloy melt to 680 ℃, preserving heat and stirring for 50min, and refining by using argon after slagging off and degassing; sampling and analyzing again in the refining process, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, then adding metal elements to be added (copper-aluminum alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy or metal magnesium or metal copper and the like can be used) into the alloy melt, and fully diffusing and absorbing to obtain a refined melt; adding 0.3 wt% of grain refiner (the grain refiner is Al-Mo-W-Ti, the weight percentage of each component in the Al-Mo-W-Ti is W15%, Mo 30%, Al 60%, Ti 15%, and the balance is inevitable impurities), stirring for 2h, filtering by using a foamed ceramic filter plate, putting the filtered refined melt into an ingot casting machine, and casting to obtain the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-performance aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.89% of magnesium, 1.77% of copper, 0.10% of silicon, 0.24% of manganese, 0.86% of iron, 0.04% of titanium, 0.08% of molybdenum, 0.05% of tungsten, 0.01% of calcium, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities. The mechanical property test of the high-performance aluminum alloy is carried out according to ISO6892-1-2009, the elongation is 11.5%, the hardness is 161HV, and the yield strength is 607 MPa.
Example 3
Raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 750 ℃, putting the secondary aluminum into the furnace for melting, and degassing after the secondary aluminum is completely melted to obtain an aluminum melt; sampling and analyzing the aluminum melt, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, then adding the metal elements to be supplemented into the aluminum melt, and simultaneously adding 9.0 wt% of iron removal agent Ti-Mn-Al powder (the weight percentage of each component in the Ti-Mn-Al is Mn 2%, Al 4%, the balance is Ti and inevitable impurities, and the particle size is 0.2-1.0um) into the aluminum melt to obtain the alloy melt through sufficient diffusion and absorption;
heating the alloy melt to 900 ℃, then introducing nitrogen into the furnace bottom to rapidly cool the alloy melt to 665 ℃, preserving heat and stirring for 40min, and refining by using argon after slagging off and degassing; sampling and analyzing again in the refining process, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, then adding metal elements to be added (copper-aluminum alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy or metal magnesium or metal copper and the like can be used) into the alloy melt, and fully diffusing and absorbing to obtain a refined melt; adding 0.26 wt% of grain refiner (the grain refiner is Al-Mo-W-Ti, the weight percentage of each component in the Al-Mo-W-Ti is W15%, Mo 30%, Al 60%, Ti 15%, and the balance is inevitable impurities), stirring for 1h, filtering by using a foamed ceramic filter plate, putting the filtered refined melt into an ingot casting machine, and casting to obtain the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-performance aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.14% of magnesium, 2.01% of copper, 0.08% of silicon, 0.26% of manganese, 0.51% of iron, 0.04% of titanium, 0.08% of molybdenum, 0.042% of tungsten, 0.01% of calcium, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities. The mechanical property test of the high-performance aluminum alloy is carried out according to ISO6892-1-2009, the elongation is 12.8%, the hardness is 164HV, and the yield strength is 611 MPa.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the embodiment 3 is that the iron removing agent is titanium-aluminum alloy powder; obtaining the high-performance aluminum alloy, wherein the high-performance aluminum alloy contains 1.84 wt% of iron. The mechanical property test of the obtained high-performance aluminum alloy is carried out according to ISO6892-1-2009, the elongation is 8.3%, the hardness is 172HV, and the yield strength is 572 MPa.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the amount of grain refiner added is 0; obtaining the high-performance aluminum alloy. The mechanical property test of the obtained high-performance aluminum alloy is carried out according to ISO6892-1-2009, the elongation is 14.0%, the hardness is 128HV, and the yield strength is 464 MPa.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The method for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy by using the secondary aluminum is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 700-750 ℃, putting the secondary aluminum into the furnace for melting, and degassing after the secondary aluminum is completely melted to obtain an aluminum melt;
s2, sampling and analyzing the aluminum melt, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, adding the metal elements to be added into the aluminum melt, adding an iron remover, and performing sufficient diffusion and absorption to obtain an alloy melt;
s3, heating the alloy melt to 870-920 ℃, then introducing nitrogen into the furnace bottom to rapidly cool the alloy melt to 650-680 ℃, stirring for 30-50min under heat preservation, skimming slag, degassing, and refining by using argon;
s4, sampling and analyzing again in the refining process, calculating the amount of elements to be added according to the component formula of the target aluminum alloy, adding the metal elements to be added into the alloy melt, and fully diffusing and absorbing to obtain a refined melt;
and S5, adding a grain refiner into the refined melt, stirring for 1-2 hours, filtering by using a foamed ceramic filter plate, and casting the filtered refined melt in a casting machine to obtain the aluminum alloy.
2. The method for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy by using the recycled aluminum as the claim 1, wherein the iron removing agent is Ti-Mn-Al, and the weight percentages of the components in the Ti-Mn-Al are as follows: 2% of Mn, 4% of Al, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
3. The method for preparing the high-performance aluminum alloy by using the recycled aluminum as the claim 1, wherein the grain refiner is Al-Mo-W-Ti, and the Al-Mo-W-Ti comprises the following components in percentage by weight: w10-15%, Mo 20-30%, Al 45-60%, Ti 5-15%, and the balance of unavoidable impurities.
4. The high performance aluminum alloy produced by the method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises, in weight percent: 1.5 to 2 percent of magnesium, 1.5 to 2 percent of copper, 0.08 to 1.2 percent of silicon, 0.2 to 0.3 percent of manganese, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of iron, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of titanium, 0.05 to 0.08 percent of molybdenum, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of tungsten, 0.01 to 0.02 percent of calcium, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities.
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