CN114231743B - Method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing ITO waste target at high temperature - Google Patents
Method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing ITO waste target at high temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN114231743B CN114231743B CN202111332268.1A CN202111332268A CN114231743B CN 114231743 B CN114231743 B CN 114231743B CN 202111332268 A CN202111332268 A CN 202111332268A CN 114231743 B CN114231743 B CN 114231743B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/06—Obtaining tin from scrap, especially tin scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B58/00—Obtaining gallium or indium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing ITO waste target at high temperature, which comprises the steps of crushing massive ITO waste target into particles, uniformly mixing the ITO waste target particles, a reducing agent and a specific slag former, putting the mixture into an electric arc furnace, and carrying out reduction smelting, wherein indium and tin in the ITO waste target particles enter an alloy liquid layer, oxygen in the ITO waste target particles is removed by reaction with the reducing agent, and impurities enter a slag layer; after the reduction smelting is finished, pouring indium tin alloy and slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold; and after the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced, fishing out the slag, and cooling to obtain the indium-tin alloy and the smelting slag. The method has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, low production cost and high production efficiency, and can ensure high metal direct yield when the treatment capacity reaches the level of more than tonnage, and the obtained indium-tin alloy has high purity and considerable industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pyrometallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at a high temperature.
Background
In recent years, the demand of ITO target (indium tin oxide) is remarkably increased by the rapid development of the liquid crystal display and flat panel screen industries, and the demand is further increased with the application of Heterojunction (HJT) cells in the photovoltaic industry in the future. During the preparation and use of the ITO target material, a large amount of cutting scraps, waste powder, leftover materials, waste targets and the like can be generated, so that the utilization rate of the ITO target material is low, and the amount of the waste targets needing to be recycled reaches about 60 percent. At present, a wet process of acid leaching, replacement and electrolytic refining is mainly adopted in a recovery production line of the ITO waste target, and the recovery production line can not adapt to future development gradually due to the defects of long process flow, large waste acid and waste water amount, acid mist pollution, large indium metal overstock amount, low tin recovery rate, high production cost and the like. Therefore, more and more researches have been focused on the recovery of indium and tin from the ITO waste target material by using a pyrogenic process.
At present, the pyrogenic process for recovering indium and tin from waste ITO target materials generally comprises the steps of obtaining indium and tin alloy by a high-temperature reduction method, and then refining and separating the indium and tin alloy to prepare refined indium and refined tin.
Patent document CN103590072a discloses crushing and grinding ITO target fragments to about 2 to 3mm using activated carbon as a reducing agent, mixing with activated carbon and sodium carbonate, and loading into a crucible. And (3) feeding the crucible into a high-temperature reduction furnace, and keeping the temperature of the high-temperature reduction furnace between 1000 and 1300 ℃ to obtain the indium-tin alloy. The method takes alkaline substance sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide as a slagging agent to collect slag such as ash impurities and the like so as to be convenient for separating from the indium tin metal melt, and the obtained indium tin alloy has high purity and high direct yield. However, the method has the problems that alkaline substances easily corrode the crucible, the alkaline slag produced as a by-product is difficult to recover and treat, the single-batch secondary production treatment amount is small, and the like.
Patent document CN109762993A discloses a method for preparing indium tin alloy from ITO waste targets by a graphite powder high-temperature reduction method, which comprises the steps of crushing the ITO waste targets and water to 60-200 meshes by a ball mill, uniformly mixing the crushed ITO waste targets with reducing agent graphite powder and a graphite surface wetting agent to prepare slurry, drying the slurry, preparing granules with the diameter of 2-6 mm by adopting a rolling or pressing method, and drying the granules to ensure that the water content is less than 0.2%; and adding the dried granules into a reduction furnace for high-temperature reduction reaction to prepare the indium-tin alloy. The method has more operation procedures, particles with specific shapes need to be prepared, a large amount of energy needs to be consumed for adding water for pulping and then drying, spraying equipment needs to be put into, and volatile organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone and nonionic surfactant are added to serve as a graphite surface lubricant.
Patent document CN104818388B discloses a method for preparing indium tin alloy from ITO waste target by coal, charcoal and carbon high temperature reduction method, which comprises ball milling and crushing indium tin oxide, adding reducing agents such as coal, charcoal and carbon, mixing uniformly, making into 0.1-2 cm particles, and drying until the water content is less than 2%; and adding the dried indium tin oxide particles into a vacuum furnace, and controlling the vacuum degree, the temperature, the reaction time and the heat preservation time in the furnace to reduce and evaporate the indium tin oxide in the vacuum furnace to achieve the purpose of separating indium from tin. The method completes the steps of reduction and indium-tin separation in a vacuum furnace, simplifies the operation procedures and obtains crude indium alloy and crude tin alloy. The processes of mixing, granulating and drying granules of materials also exist, and energy loss is increased. Meanwhile, when coal is used as a reducing agent, a large amount of impurity elements in the fly ash can enter into the crude indium alloy and crude tin alloy products in the reduction process, so that the products are low in purity and poor in quality.
Patent document CN110042229a discloses a method for recovering metal indium from an ITO waste target material, which comprises cleaning and drying the ITO waste target material, and grinding the ITO waste target material to a particle size of less than 0.074mm. Uniformly mixing reducing agent powder, ITO waste target material powder and a binder, putting the mixture into a die, pressing the mixture into blocks, carrying out reduction reaction in a vacuum melting furnace, and obtaining alloy blocks and oxidation slag after the reaction is finished. The reducing agent used in the method is active metal powder such as manganese, silicon, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, lithium, cesium or vanadium and the like, so that the reducing agent is high in price and easy to be oxidized and polluted, the reducing agent is remained in the obtained indium-tin alloy block, the purity of the indium-tin alloy product is reduced, and the reducing agent needs to be removed through subsequent separation.
Patent document CN104711638a discloses a method for extracting indium tin from an ITO waste target by reduction electrolysis, which comprises the following steps: crushing and ball-milling the ITO waste target to obtain powder with the granularity of more than 80 percent below minus 80 meshes; ITO waste targetMixing the powder with active carbon, graphite and H 2 Or any reducing substance in CO is subjected to reduction reaction in a reduction furnace, the temperature of the reduction reaction is controlled to be 200-1000 ℃, and the time of the reduction reaction is 30-60 minutes. After the reaction is finished, the indium oxide and the tin oxide are respectively reduced into metal indium and metal tin to form indium-tin alloy; and casting the indium-tin alloy into an indium-tin alloy anode for electrolytic refining, and finally obtaining refined indium and refined tin.
In the prior art, the ITO waste target is generally crushed and ball-milled to be below 60 meshes, some ITO waste targets are required to be below 200 meshes, and zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron, nickel, chromium and other metal element impurities in the materials of a grinding ball and a grinding cylinder are easily brought in the ball milling process. When coal and active metal powder of manganese, silicon, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, titanium, lithium, cesium or vanadium and the like are used as reducing agents, impurities are easily brought into the reducing agents to pollute products. In the prior art, discontinuous mixing reaction is carried out by taking batches as units, so that the recovery of indium and tin is discontinuous, the treatment amount of each batch is small, the treatment amount of the batch at present is about 200kg, but the waste materials need to be ball-milled to reach the degree of fine particles and then granulated in the early stage, so that the production is smoothly carried out, and the batch treatment amount of the ton grade or more cannot be reached, so that the problems of low production yield, high equipment investment and high production cost are brought.
In a word, the method for treating the ITO waste target in the prior art has the problems of complex process, low batch treatment capacity, low production efficiency, high energy consumption, low product purity and the like. The invention aims to provide a method for recovering indium tin alloy from an ITO waste target material, which has the advantages of short process flow, low production cost, less impurity introduction, large production treatment capacity and high metal direct recovery rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing an indium tin alloy by high-temperature reduction of an ITO scrap target, which has the advantages of less impurity introduction, short process flow, high production speed, low production cost, large batch throughput, and high indium tin recovery rate under the condition of large throughput.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at high temperature comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing a massive ITO waste target to obtain ITO waste target particles;
s2, mixing the ITO waste target particles, a reducing agent and a slagging agent uniformly, putting the mixture into an electric arc furnace, and carrying out reduction smelting, wherein indium and tin in the ITO waste target particles enter an alloy liquid layer, oxygen in the ITO waste target particles is removed through reaction with the reducing agent, the slagging agent forms a low-melting-point slag layer, and impurities enter the slag layer; the slagging agent consists of quartz sand, lime and alumina; in the slag former, the weight ratio of quartz sand, lime and alumina is 45-60: 25-40: 15-20;
s3, after the reduction smelting is finished, pouring indium tin alloy and slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold;
and S4, fishing out the smelting slag after the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced, and cooling to obtain the indium-tin alloy.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the quartz sand, the lime and the alumina in the slag former is 45-60: 27-40: 15-20.
Preferably, the slag former is used in an amount of 10 to 15% by weight of the ITO waste target particles.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of reduction smelting is 1200-1600 ℃; the time of reduction smelting is 4-8 h.
Preferably, the reducing agent is a carbon-based reducing agent; further preferably, the carbon-based reducing agent is one or more of activated carbon, coke and graphite; the reducing agent is added into the waste target according to the weight of 13-20 kg per 100kg of the ITO waste target.
Preferably, in step S1, the ITO waste target particles have a particle size of 5mm or less. The required ITO waste target particles can be obtained by simply crushing through the crusher, the particle size of the particles is optimal when the particle size is 1-5 mm, and when the particles are smaller than 1mm or finer, the particles are easy to fly and enter smoke dust to cause loss in the material adding process; when the particles are larger than 5mm or thicker, the surface area of the particles is reduced, reducing the reaction surface in contact with the reducing agent, resulting in an increase in the reduction cycle and a decrease in the yield.
Preferably, in step S4, after the temperature is reduced to 200 to 400 ℃, the smelting slag in the indium-tin alloy liquid is fished out. In the cooling separation step of the invention, when the temperature is reduced to 200-400 ℃, the melting slag in the indium tin alloy liquid is removed by fishing. When the temperature is lower than 200 ℃, indium tin alloy is easily entrained in the smelting slag, so that the loss of the indium tin alloy is caused; when the temperature is higher than 400 ℃, the surface of the indium-tin alloy is easy to oxidize and lose due to overhigh temperature.
Preferably, in step S2, the mixing is performed in a blender; the mixing time is 30-240 min. The mixing time is long, and the economy is poor; if the mixing time is too short, the reduction rate is lowered due to uneven mixing.
Preferably, in step S3, after the reduction smelting is finished, the temperature is controlled to 1200 to 1300 ℃, and the indium tin alloy and the smelting slag in the furnace are poured into an ingot casting mold. In the discharging step, the temperature is controlled to be 1200-1300 ℃, and when the temperature is lower than 1200 ℃, the smelting slag is easy to have large viscosity or solidify and is difficult to discharge during discharging; above 1300 c, the heat is consumed due to the excessive temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the method, the specific slagging agent is adopted in the electric arc furnace, the slag forming smelting is directly carried out on the ITO waste target particles after the massive ITO waste target is crushed, in the slag forming smelting process, the density of the formed low-melting-point slag layer is smaller than that of indium tin alloy and the ITO waste target, the low-melting-point slag layer can cover the uppermost layer, the smoke dust can be prevented from overflowing in the smelting process, the more uniform reducing atmosphere in the furnace is ensured, the reaction speed and the reaction uniformity of reducing gas CO formed by a reducing agent and indium tin oxide are improved, the slag system can better capture impurities in aggregate, the alloy purity is ensured to be high, and the slag system can be separated from an alloy melt more easily, so that the alloy amount carried in the slag can be reduced, and the high alloy direct yield is ensured to be obtained. Therefore, the process has the advantages of short process flow and high production yield, the treatment capacity can reach more than tonnage, the direct yield of the indium-tin alloy can be ensured to be more than 92 percent under the condition of large treatment capacity, and the purity of the indium-tin alloy product can be more than 99 percent.
2. The invention makes full use of the advantages of electric furnace smelting, the temperature of the molten pool is easy to control, the temperature in the molten pool is high, and the peripheral temperature is low, thereby forming the effect of convective mass transfer, reducing the corrosion to the refractory material of the furnace body, prolonging the service life, and providing the high temperature which is difficult to reach 1400-1600 ℃ in the common smelting furnace.
3. Compared with the common coal powder used as a reducing agent, the active carbon, graphite and coke used in the invention have the advantages of less ash content, no impurity introduced, high purity and high reaction activity, and are very suitable for treating ITO waste target materials which have high purity, high added value and are difficult to reduce.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at high temperature comprises the following steps:
putting the ITO waste target into a crusher for crushing to obtain ITO waste target particles passing through a 3mm screen, and detecting the main components of the ITO waste target particles: in:74.02%, sn:7.84%, fe:0.018%, cr: 0.005%, ni:0.008 percent. Taking 1000kg of ITO waste target particles, activated carbon, quartz sand, lime and alumina, adding the ITO waste target particles, the activated carbon, the quartz sand, the lime and the alumina into a mixer for 30min to be uniformly mixed according to the following mass ratio, wherein the ITO waste target particles comprise 100 parts of the ITO waste target particles, 13 parts of the activated carbon, 4.5 parts of the quartz sand, 3.5 parts of the lime and 2.0 parts of the alumina, and the total weight of a slagging agent is 10 percent of the weight of the ITO waste target particles. Then all the materials are added into an electric arc furnace with 400KVA, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1200-1600 ℃, after 4 hours of smelting, indium, tin and iron in the ITO waste target particle materials enter an indium-tin alloy liquid layer under the action of a reducing agent, and a slag layer with a low melting point formed by the added slag former floats on the surface of a molten pool in the furnace. And after the reduction smelting is finished, controlling the temperature at 1200 ℃, opening a discharging hole, slowly inclining the furnace body, and pouring indium-tin alloy and slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold. After the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced to 200 ℃, the slag in the ingot casting mold is fished out until the ingot is cooled to be demolded, 781kg of indium tin alloy is obtained, and the direct yield of the indium tin alloy is 94.89%.
The indium tin alloy was sampled and subjected to chemical analysis and examination, and the results are shown in the following table.
Example 2
A method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing ITO waste target at high temperature comprises the following steps:
1000kg of the same ITO waste target particles as in example 1, as well as activated carbon, quartz sand, lime and alumina, were added to a mixer in a mass ratio of 100 parts of ITO waste target particles, 15 parts of activated carbon, 4.5 parts of quartz sand, 4.0 parts of lime and 1.5 parts of alumina, wherein the total amount of the slag former was 10% by weight of the ITO waste target particles, and the mixture was uniformly mixed for 60 min. Then all the materials are added into an electric arc furnace with 400KVA, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1300-1600 ℃, after 5 hours of smelting, indium, tin and iron in the ITO waste target particle materials enter an indium-tin alloy liquid layer under the action of a reducing agent, and a slag layer with a low melting point formed by the added slag former floats on the surface of a molten pool in the furnace. And after the reduction smelting is finished, controlling the temperature at 1300 ℃, opening a discharging hole to slowly incline the furnace body, and pouring the indium-tin alloy and the slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold. After the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced to 300 ℃, the slag in the ingot casting mold is fished out until the ingot is cooled to the state of demolding, 775kg of indium tin alloy is obtained, and the direct yield of the indium tin alloy is 94.16%.
The indium tin alloy was sampled and subjected to chemical analysis and examination, and the results are shown in the following table.
Example 3
A method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at high temperature comprises the following steps:
the same ITO waste target particles as in example 1, 1000kg of which are mixed with activated carbon, quartz sand, lime and alumina, are added into a mixer for 120min to be uniformly mixed according to the following mass ratio of 100 parts of the ITO waste target particles, 17 parts of the activated carbon, 7.5 parts of the quartz sand, 4.5 parts of the lime and 3 parts of the alumina, wherein the total amount of the slag former is 15 percent of the weight of the ITO waste target particles. Then all the materials are added into an electric arc furnace with 400KVA, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1300-1600 ℃, after smelting is carried out for 6h, indium, tin and iron in the ITO waste target particle materials enter an indium-tin alloy liquid layer under the action of a reducing agent, and a slag layer with a low melting point formed by the added slag former floats on the surface of a molten pool in the furnace. And after the reduction smelting is finished, controlling the temperature at 1300 ℃, opening a discharging hole to slowly incline the furnace body, and pouring the indium-tin alloy and the slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold. After the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced to 300 ℃, the slag in the ingot casting mold is fished out until the ingot is cooled to be demoulded to obtain 765kg of indium-tin alloy, and the direct yield of the indium-tin alloy is 92.95 percent.
The indium tin alloy was sampled and tested by chemical analysis, and the results are shown in the following table:
example 4
A method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at high temperature comprises the following steps:
the ITO waste target particles of 1000kg in example 1, active carbon, quartz sand, lime and alumina are taken, the mass ratio of the ITO waste target particles is 100, the active carbon is 20, the quartz sand is 6, the lime is 2.5, the alumina is 1.5, wherein the total amount of the slag former is 10 percent of the weight of the ITO waste target particles, and the ITO waste target particles are added into a mixer to be uniformly mixed for 240min. Then all the materials are added into an electric arc furnace with 400KVA, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1300-1600 ℃, after 8 hours of smelting, indium, tin and iron in the ITO waste target particle materials enter an indium-tin alloy liquid layer under the action of a reducing agent, and a slag layer with a low melting point formed by the added slag former floats on the surface of a molten pool in the furnace. And after the reduction smelting is finished, controlling the temperature at 1200 ℃, opening a discharge port, slowly inclining the furnace body, and pouring the indium-tin alloy and the molten slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold. After the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced to 400 ℃, taking out slag in the ingot casting mold until the ingot is cooled to be demoulded to obtain 773kg of indium tin alloy, wherein the recovery rate of the indium tin alloy is 93.92%.
The indium tin alloy was sampled and tested by chemical analysis, and the results are shown in the following table:
comparative example 1
1000kg of the ITO waste target particles in the embodiment 1 are taken, mixed with active carbon, quartz sand, lime and alumina according to the following mass ratio of 100 parts of the ITO waste target particles, 20 parts of the active carbon, 4 parts of the quartz sand, 2 parts of the lime and 4 parts of the alumina, wherein the total amount of the slag former is 10 percent of the weight of the ITO waste target particles, and the mixture is added into a mixer to be uniformly mixed for 240min. Then all the materials are added into an electric arc furnace with 400KVA, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1300-1600 ℃, after 8 hours of smelting, indium, tin and iron in the ITO waste target particle materials enter an indium-tin alloy liquid layer under the action of a reducing agent, and a slag layer with a low melting point formed by the added slag former floats on the surface of a molten pool in the furnace. And after the reduction smelting is finished, controlling the temperature at 1200 ℃, opening a discharging hole, slowly inclining the furnace body, and pouring indium-tin alloy and slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold. After the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced to 400 ℃, fishing out the slag in the ingot casting mold, and observing that obvious slag former components exist in the slag and the uniform low-melting-point slag cannot be formed. The ingot is cooled to be demoulded to obtain 688kg of indium tin alloy, and the direct yield of the indium tin alloy is 83.59%. Analysis shows that the reason of low recovery rate is that the proportion of the slag former is inappropriate, so that part of the slag former can not participate in slag formation, and further a slag layer can not well cover the surface of a molten pool, reducing atmosphere in the furnace is weakened, and the direct recovery rate of reduction smelting is reduced.
The indium tin alloy was sampled and tested by chemical analysis, and the results are shown in the following table:
the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at high temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing a massive ITO waste target to obtain ITO waste target particles;
s2, uniformly mixing the ITO waste target particles, a reducing agent and a slagging agent, and then putting the mixture into an electric arc furnace for reduction smelting, wherein indium and tin in the ITO waste target particles enter an alloy liquid layer, and oxygen in the ITO waste target particles is removed through reaction with the reducing agent; the slagging agent consists of quartz sand, lime and alumina; in the slag former, the weight ratio of quartz sand, lime and alumina is 45-60: 25-40: 15-20;
s3, after the reduction smelting is finished, pouring indium tin alloy and slag in the furnace into an ingot casting mold;
and S4, fishing out the smelting slag after the temperature of the ingot casting mold is reduced, and cooling to obtain the indium-tin alloy.
2. The method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing the waste ITO target at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the slag former is used in an amount of 10 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the waste ITO target particles.
3. The method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing the waste ITO target at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the temperature of reduction smelting is 1200-1600 ℃; the time of reduction smelting is 4-8 h.
4. The method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing the waste target of ITO at high temperature according to claim 1, wherein the reducing agent is a carbon-based reducing agent; the carbon reducing agent is one or more of activated carbon, coke and graphite.
5. The method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing ITO waste target at high temperature according to claim 4, wherein the reducing agent is added in an amount of 13 to 20kg per 100kg of the weight of the ITO waste target.
6. The method of preparing an indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at a high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step S1, the particle size of the ITO waste target particles is 5mm or less.
7. The method for preparing the indium tin alloy by reducing the waste ITO target at the high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step S4, after the temperature is reduced to 200 to 400 ℃, the smelting slag in the indium tin alloy liquid is fished out.
8. The method for preparing an indium tin alloy by reducing an ITO waste target at a high temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step S2, the mixing is performed in a blender; the mixing time is 30-240 min.
9. The method for preparing indium tin alloy by reducing the waste ITO target according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step S3, after the reduction smelting is finished, the temperature is controlled to be 1200 to 1300 ℃, and the indium tin alloy and the smelting slag in the furnace are poured into an ingot casting mold.
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