CN114231726B - Heat treatment method for bearing ring of automobile transfer case bearing - Google Patents
Heat treatment method for bearing ring of automobile transfer case bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114231726B CN114231726B CN202111589415.3A CN202111589415A CN114231726B CN 114231726 B CN114231726 B CN 114231726B CN 202111589415 A CN202111589415 A CN 202111589415A CN 114231726 B CN114231726 B CN 114231726B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/48—Nitriding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of an automobile transfer case bearing; the heat treatment method of the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing comprises the following steps: a preheating procedure: a carburizing procedure: carrying out appearance inspection on the bearing ring and carrying out pretreatment; after filling the heating device with nitrogen, utilizing an induction heating principle, heating the bearing ring to a first preset temperature by a gradual heating step, and carrying out vacuum heat preservation for a preset time after each heating; a quenching procedure: and (5) cleaning and shaping. Through additionally arranging a preheating process, the performance of the bearing ring is improved by preheating the bearing ring, and the temperature is gradually increased, so that the structural strength is improved after the internal and external temperatures of the bearing ring are consistent and the bearing ring is carburized, and the service life of the bearing ring is effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of an automobile transfer case bearing.
Background
The automobile transfer case is a device for distributing power of an engine and transmitting the power to a front shaft or a rear shaft, and a bearing ring is often used for matching in the power distribution process, so that high requirements are made on the performance of the bearing ring. The performance of the bearing ring in the prior art is improved by adopting a heat treatment mode mostly, but the temperature change of all parts of the bearing ring can be hardly carried out uniformly in the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction, so that the treated bearing ring can generate strain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of an automobile transfer case bearing, which aims to solve the problem that the temperature of each part of the bearing ring cannot be uniformly changed in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of a bearing of an automobile transfer case, which comprises the following steps:
a preheating procedure:
carrying out appearance inspection on the bearing ring and carrying out pretreatment;
after filling the heating device with nitrogen, utilizing an induction heating principle, after the step of gradually heating up, heating up the bearing ring to a first preset temperature, and carrying out vacuum heat preservation for a preset time after each heating up;
a carburizing procedure:
carburizing the bearing ring for 30 to 60min at a first preset temperature by using the carbon potential of 1 to 2 percent;
a quenching procedure:
cooling the bearing ring subjected to carburization to a second preset temperature, and spraying atomized cooling liquid on the surface of the bearing ring until the temperature of the surface of the bearing ring is reduced to room temperature;
cleaning and shaping:
and measuring the surface of the bearing ring to determine whether the surface of the bearing ring is deformed, if so, finishing the bearing ring by adopting a thermal shaping process, purging and cleaning the surface of the bearing ring by using nitrogen, and if not, directly purging by using nitrogen.
The heat treatment method comprises the steps of improving the heat treatment method, additionally arranging a preheating process, carrying out preheating treatment on the bearing ring, improving the performance of the bearing ring, gradually heating up the bearing ring, so that the internal and external temperatures of the bearing ring are consistent, then carrying out carburizing treatment, improving the structural strength, and finally carrying out quenching treatment, so that the internal stress of the bearing ring is eliminated, and finally finishing the final shaping of the bearing ring by cleaning and shaping, so that the bearing ring can meet the use requirements of the transfer case, and the service life of the bearing ring is effectively prolonged.
Wherein the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
heating the bearing ring, cleaning with alkali liquor, and performing salt bath nitridation;
cleaning the bearing ring nitrided by the salt bath with hot water and then rinsing the bearing ring in normal-temperature water;
and after heating and drying, the pretreatment of the bearing ring can be completed.
Utilize alkali lye to wash the bearing ring to reduce the greasy dirt in the bearing ring manufacturing process, after salt bath nitrogenize again, promote the wearability of bearing ring, so that the bearing ring can satisfy the user demand in the transfer case, and the bearing ring through salt bath nitrogenize treatment remains alkali lye through the clean surface of hot water, reuse normal atmospheric temperature water rinsing, and then makes the bearing ring can continue to carry out subsequent processing procedure.
The alkali liquor is prepared by compounding a sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate, wherein the content of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-15g/L, and the content of the sodium silicate is 2.5-5g/L.
The formula of the alkali liquor is improved, the sodium hydroxide solution is compounded with the sodium silicate, the oil on the surface of the bearing ring is removed by using the sodium hydroxide solution, and the sodium hydroxide solution is compounded with the sodium silicate, so that the chlorine ions are resisted, and the corrosion inhibition capability and the scaling prevention capability of the bearing ring can be improved.
Wherein the first preset temperature is 980-1080 ℃.
After the temperature is raised to the first preset temperature in a gradual temperature rise and heat preservation mode, the infiltration of carbon elements is facilitated, and the structural strength of the bearing ring is further improved.
Wherein the heat preservation preset time is 5-10min.
After the temperature is raised in each stage, the heat preservation is carried out for 5-10min, so that the internal temperature and the external temperature of the bearing ring can be kept consistent, and the problem of poor machining efficiency caused by inconsistent temperature of each part of the bearing ring is further avoided.
Wherein the second preset temperature is 800-900 ℃.
After the temperature reaches the second preset temperature, the content of martensite in the bearing ring can be increased through subsequent quenching, so that the service life of the bearing ring is prolonged.
The invention relates to a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of a bearing of an automobile transfer case, which improves the heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of an automobile transfer case bearing provided by the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pretreatment step of a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of a bearing of an automobile transfer case provided by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a salt bath nitriding step of the heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing provided by the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the thermal shaping process steps of the heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the bearing of the automobile transfer case provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of a bearing of an automobile transfer case, which comprises the following steps:
s101: a preheating procedure:
carrying out appearance inspection on the bearing ring and carrying out pretreatment;
after filling the heating device with nitrogen, utilizing an induction heating principle, heating the bearing ring to a first preset temperature by a gradual heating step, and carrying out vacuum heat preservation for a preset time after each heating;
s102: a carburizing process:
carburizing the bearing ring for 30 to 60min at a first preset temperature by using the carbon potential of 1 to 2 percent;
s103: a quenching procedure:
cooling the bearing ring subjected to carburization to a second preset temperature, and spraying atomized cooling liquid on the surface of the bearing ring until the temperature of the surface of the bearing ring is reduced to room temperature;
s104: cleaning and shaping:
and measuring the surface of the bearing ring to determine whether the surface of the bearing ring is deformed, if so, finishing the bearing ring by adopting a thermal shaping process, purging and cleaning the surface of the bearing ring by using nitrogen, and if not, directly purging by using nitrogen.
In the embodiment, the steps of the heat treatment method are improved, the preheating process is added, the performance of the bearing ring is improved by preheating the bearing ring, the temperature is gradually increased, the structural strength is improved after the internal temperature and the external temperature of the bearing ring are consistent and the bearing ring is carburized, and finally the bearing ring is quenched, so that the internal stress of the bearing ring is eliminated, the bearing ring is finally shaped by cleaning, the use requirement of the transfer case can be met, and the service life of the bearing ring is effectively prolonged.
Further, the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
s201: heating the bearing ring, cleaning with alkali liquor, and performing salt bath nitridation;
s202: cleaning the bearing ring nitrided by the salt bath with hot water and then rinsing the bearing ring in normal-temperature water;
s203: and (4) finishing the pretreatment of the bearing ring after heating and drying.
In this embodiment, utilize alkali lye to wash the bearing ring to reduce the greasy dirt in the bearing ring manufacturing process, after salt bath nitrogenize again, promote the wearability of bearing ring, so that the bearing ring can satisfy the user demand in the transfer case, and the bearing ring through salt bath nitrogenize treatment remains alkali lye through the clean surface of hot water, and reuse normal atmospheric temperature water rinsing, and then makes the bearing ring can continue to carry out subsequent processing procedure.
Further, the alkali liquor is prepared by compounding a sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate, wherein the content of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-15g/L, and the content of the sodium silicate is 2.5-5g/L.
In the embodiment, the formula of the alkali liquor is improved, the sodium hydroxide solution is compounded with the sodium silicate, the oil on the surface of the bearing ring is removed by using the sodium hydroxide solution, and the sodium hydroxide solution is compounded with the sodium silicate, so that the chlorine ions are resisted, and the corrosion inhibition capability and the scaling prevention capability of the bearing ring can be improved.
Further, the first preset temperature is 980-1080 ℃.
In the embodiment, after the temperature is raised to the first preset temperature by gradually raising the temperature and preserving the heat, the carbon element is convenient to permeate, and the structural strength of the bearing ring is further improved.
Further, the heat preservation preset time is 5-10min.
In the embodiment, after the temperature is raised at each stage, the heat preservation is carried out for 5 to 10min, so that the inner temperature and the outer temperature of the bearing ring can be kept consistent, and the problem of poor machining efficiency caused by inconsistent temperatures of all parts of the bearing ring is avoided.
Further, the second predetermined temperature is 800 to 900 ℃.
After the temperature reaches the second preset temperature, the content of martensite in the bearing ring can be increased through subsequent quenching, so that the service life of the bearing ring is prolonged.
Further, the salt bath nitriding comprises the following steps:
s301: placing the cleaned bearing ring in a salt bath, filling nitrogen into the salt bath, and stirring to ensure that the bearing ring is subjected to salt bath fully, wherein the salt bath temperature is 500 to 520 ℃, and the time is 50 to 60min;
s302: and after the salt bath is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature under the nitrogen condition, then filling ammonia gas, heating to 530-540 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-40h to finish salt bath nitriding.
In the embodiment, the bearing ring is subjected to salt bath under the condition of filling nitrogen, so that a passivation film on the surface of the bearing ring is eliminated, the efficiency during subsequent nitridation is improved, nitrogen atoms penetrate into the bearing ring through filling nitrogen, and a wear-resistant nitrided layer can be generated on the surface of the bearing ring.
Further, the atomized cooling liquid is at least one of liquid nitrogen, deionized water and oil liquid.
In the embodiment, liquid nitrogen, deionized water or oil is sprayed on the surface of the bearing ring in an atomizing mode to improve the consistency of the cooling speed of the surface of the bearing ring, so that all parts of the bearing ring can be cooled together.
Further, the thermal shaping process comprises the following steps:
s401: knocking by adopting a copper bar, and finishing the circular deformation of the bearing ring;
s402: and then the warping of the bearing ring is trimmed by a heavy punch pressing mode, and the thermal shaping process can be completed.
The final shaping of the bearing ring is realized through the thermal shaping, and the bearing ring is prevented from deforming in the heat treatment process, so that the subsequent use in the transfer case is prevented from being influenced.
The invention relates to a heat treatment method for a bearing ring of a bearing of an automobile transfer case, which improves the heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A heat treatment method for a bearing ring of a bearing of an automobile transfer case is characterized in that,
the heat treatment method of the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing comprises the following steps:
a preheating procedure:
carrying out appearance inspection on the bearing ring and carrying out pretreatment;
after filling the heating device with nitrogen, utilizing an induction heating principle, heating the bearing ring to a first preset temperature by a gradual heating step, and carrying out vacuum heat preservation for a preset time after each heating;
a carburizing process:
carburizing the bearing ring for 30-60 min at a first preset temperature by utilizing 1-2% of carbon potential;
a quenching procedure:
cooling the bearing ring subjected to carburization to a second preset temperature, and spraying atomized cooling liquid on the surface of the bearing ring until the temperature of the surface of the bearing ring is reduced to room temperature;
cleaning and shaping:
measuring the surface of the bearing ring to determine whether the surface is deformed, if so, finishing the bearing ring by adopting a thermal shaping process, purging and cleaning the surface of the bearing ring by using nitrogen, and if not, directly purging by using nitrogen;
the pretreatment comprises the following steps:
heating the bearing ring, cleaning with alkali liquor, and performing salt bath nitridation;
cleaning the bearing ring nitrided by the salt bath by using hot water, and then rinsing the bearing ring by using normal-temperature water;
the pretreatment of the bearing ring can be completed after heating and drying;
wherein the salt bath nitriding comprises the following steps:
placing the cleaned bearing ring in a salt bath, filling nitrogen into the salt bath, and stirring to ensure that the bearing ring is fully subjected to salt bath, wherein the salt bath temperature is 500-520 ℃, and the time is 50-60 min;
after the salt bath is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature under the condition of nitrogen, then charging ammonia gas, heating to 530-540 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-40 h to finish the salt bath nitriding.
2. The heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that,
the alkali liquor is prepared by compounding a sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate, wherein the content of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-15 g/L, and the content of the sodium silicate is 2.5-5 g/L.
3. The heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that,
the first predetermined temperature is 980-1080 ℃.
4. The heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that,
the preset time of heat preservation is 5-10 min.
5. The heat treatment method for the bearing ring of the automobile transfer case bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that,
the second predetermined temperature is 800-900 ℃.
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CN202111589415.3A CN114231726B (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Heat treatment method for bearing ring of automobile transfer case bearing |
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CN202111589415.3A CN114231726B (en) | 2021-12-23 | 2021-12-23 | Heat treatment method for bearing ring of automobile transfer case bearing |
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CN114231726B true CN114231726B (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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Family Cites Families (8)
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JPH06341442A (en) * | 1993-05-31 | 1994-12-13 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Anticorrosion rolling bearing |
DE10145599C1 (en) * | 2001-09-15 | 2003-06-18 | Gkn Loebro Gmbh | Steel components and method for heat treating steel components |
JP5045491B2 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-10-10 | 日本精工株式会社 | Large rolling bearing |
CN102978349A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-03-20 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | Bright heat treatment method for 30CrMnSiA part |
JP2013221200A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-28 | Nsk Ltd | Method for producing bearing ring of rolling bearing |
CN103820626B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2015-07-01 | 西安重装澄合煤矿机械有限公司 | Chain heating method and device |
CN103769797B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2016-04-06 | 北车风电有限公司 | A kind of megawatt wind turbine generator main shaft holds staged heating means |
CN103643023B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-06-24 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Method for carrying out carburizing and quenching by changing procedure of bearing ring processing |
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